World Economy and International Relations最新文献

{"title":"The Crisis of the Union State of Belarus and Russia","authors":"A. Suzdal’tsev","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-56-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-56-67","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the current crisis phase in the evolution of the Union State of Belarus and Russia. The author identifies the main problems and obstacles in the dialogue between the two countries on the development of the integration project, defines the stages of the crisis phenomena extension, evaluates scenarios for overcoming the crisis. The article points to the mistakes made by the founders of the Union State during formation of the project in the early 21st century, which eventually began to appear after the Union crises of 2008 and 2014. According to the author, the main causes of the current crisis are the substitution of economic and political integration between Russia and Belarus by the balance of interests of the two neighboring countries. However, the latter did not guarantee the development of the integration project. Over the years of the Union State’s existence, Russia’s extensive financial and resource support has become an indicator of the lack of real economic integration. As a result, Russian subsidies have replaced the union of the two economies. In turn, in the second decade of the 21st century, Minsk’s avoidance of participation in the solution of Moscow’s strategic military objectives and the absence of a single Union foreign policy have broken the balance of interests between the countries in the Union State. The Union State has lost its foundation. Russia’s desire to reformat allied relations between its founders implies a revival of real economic integration. However, the Belarusian leadership does not want to change the existing subsidized system of relations within the Union State. According to the author, the crisis between Russia and Belarus is striving for its climax.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133507121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phenomenon of Eco-Political Risk Exemplified by Yellow Vests Movement in France","authors":"А.Н. Бордовских","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-36-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-36-46","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological crisis represents the major challenge for democracies in the era of globalization. Researchers and experts agree that the climate change, regardless its “slow-burning” nature, constitutes the risk of dramatic economic and social transformations causing mass impoverishment, conflicts, wars and dislocation of people. Under such conditions, the democratic governments will be forced to conduct unprecedented reforms in order to resist the threat. Postponing the energy transition will only cause more drastic and extensive measures in the future. Despite general awareness of the problem, ecology remains the claimed priority which is poorly reflected in real actions of the authorities. The present article explains this obvious lack of governments’ action by the social resistance to the energy transition. This resistance remains implicit but reveals itself when the energy transition amplifies a short-term financial vulnerability of individuals. The Yellow Vests movement represents an illustration of this conflict of values. Mostly interpreted as a manifestation of a profound social crisis of liberal democracies, it originates in the ecological dilemma: people’s support of the energy transition contradicts their willingness to participate in it financially. This dilemma results in significant growth of a new type of eco-political risk having ecological origins, but taking a classical form of civil unrest and, generally, leading to political instability. In accordance with this theory, Yellow Vests movement started as a protest in response to higher ecological component of the fuel tax (especially the diesel), which was thought as a stimulus for the energy transition but became an accelerator of social tension. French polls show that people acknowledge the ecological crisis and the threat it represents. Furthermore, they await and approve the energy transition as a main condition for solving the climate change problem. Nevertheless, the same polls disclose people’s unwillingness to take their financial part of responsibility in this transition and unpreparedness for any decrease of their purchasing power. This dilemma becomes a source of political instability and social unrest especially in democratic countries, where the welfare state model is particularly well-rooted and comprises a fundamental value for people. Nonetheless, in a shortterm perspective, the energy transition has a tangible cost which public finances have no possibility to bear without raising the financial pressure on business and individuals. The public debt burden, continually increasing explicit social expenditures, off-balance-sheet liabilities including implicit pensions, and, on the other hand, extremely low economic growth do not allow any additional public spending. Thus, should the energy transition be undertaken (and there are no doubts it is the only possibility for democracies to survive), it will be financed by the business and individuals. With this perspective, re","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129599612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Conservatism in the Development of Right-Wing Populism in Europe: The UK Case","authors":"S. Shein","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-34-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-34-41","url":null,"abstract":"Статья посвящена анализу роли консерватизма в политическом развитии правого популизма на примере британского случая. Идейная близость Консервативной партии и Партии независимости Соединенного Королевства (ПНСК) как британского варианта правого популизма позволяет cфокусировать внимание на вопросах их взаимовлияния. В результате доминирование традиционалистской или модернизаторской линии в Консервативной партии определяет границы возможностей ПНСК. Консерватизм может выступать и как идейный ресурс, и как фактор, ограничивающий электоральный рост ПНСК.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121963685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africa’s Place in the Chinese Initiative “One Belt, One Road”","authors":"T. Deich","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-118-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-118-127","url":null,"abstract":"В статье рассматриваются инициатива “Один пояс, один путь”, выдвинутая Китаем и ставшая основным направлением внешней политики КНР последних лет, и место, которое отводится в ней странам Северной и Восточной Африки. Присоединение к китайскому проекту может обеспечить не только приток финансовых ресурсов в этот регион Африки, но и дать возможность использовать эти ресурсы для достижения целей устойчивого развития. Автор оценивает плюсы и минусы китайско-африканского сотрудничества и участия Африки в упомянутой инициативе как для Китая, так и для государств региона.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123558974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performative Trumponomics and Financial Market","authors":"V. Milovidov","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-24-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-24-33","url":null,"abstract":"Анализируется влияние сообщений президента США Д. Трампа в микроблоге Twitter на экономическую динамику. Эмпирической базой исследования выбрана динамика популярности запросов пользователей Google. Сила влияния словесных интервенций Трампа определяется совокупностью факторов, в том числе долгосрочными целями внешней и внутренней политики администрации, результативностью в решении сформулированных задач и широтой распространения информации об этих результатах. Настоящая статья продолжает серию работ автора по разработке концепции экспоненциально масштабируемых событий.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130763826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priorities of Neoindustrialization of Russia","authors":"A. Nechaev","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-71-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-71-79","url":null,"abstract":"В статье обосновывается необходимость определения научно-технологических приоритетов в целях неоиндустриализации экономики России. Проведен анализ ряда ключевых показателей развития науки и технологий, в первую очередь в сфере нано- и биотехнологий, и ИКТ, который выявил значительное отставание в сравнении с уровнем передовых экономик мира. Предложены меры по построению национальной инновационной системы, усилению интеграции науки, образования и промышленности, регулированию финансовой сферы. В заключение сделаны рекомендации по повышению эффективности неоиндустриализации экономики России для сокращения отставания от лидеров технико-экономического развития.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124467385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges to Cyber Sovereignty and Response Measures","authors":"Xu Wenhong","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-89-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-89-99","url":null,"abstract":"По мере своего развития Интернет постепенно стал жизненно необходимой инфраструктурой для всех государств мира. В последнее время в разных странах возникают вопросы, связанные с кибер-безопасностью, и государства всего мира начали создавать собственные системы кибер-безопасности. Кибер-суверенитет является естественным продолжением национального суверенитета. Китай неизменно поддерживает и отстаивает кибер-суверенитет, который в настоящее время сталкивается со многими вызовами. Для ответа на эти вызовы необходимо изучить будущее кибер-безопасности для развивающихся стран. Ни одно государство не способно добиться абсолютной безопасности. Обычно великая держава поощряет свободу, в то время как остальные делают акцент на “правилах игры”. Подчеркнутое уважение к кибер-суверенитету не означает отключения Интернета и изоляции страны от внешнего мира. Международное сообщество должно создать новый порядок кибер-управления, основанный на взаимном уважении кибер-суверенитета и суверенного равенства. Будущим кибер-суверенитета должно стать совместное управление.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"52 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114108341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science Diplomacy of Great Britain in the Arctic","authors":"M. Gutenev","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-110-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-110-117","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the formation and development of the Arctic strategy of Great Britain. The author studies the scientific component in official government documents on the Arctic. London has incentives that its advanced science demonstrates to the world Britain’s close research, historical, cultural, commercial and military ties with the Arctic. The production of knowledge that will have a global reach is one of the main opportunities for the British government to influence the international community. The government of the Kingdom is well aware that the changes occurring in the Arctic due to ice melting can bring economic benefits in the near future. The tempting prospects motivate the UK to remain one of the world’s top leaders in supporting environmental protection and international cooperation in the region. On the one hand, Britain’s science diplomacy in the Arctic is a tool of reducing tensions and strengthening cooperation with Russia in the economic, financial and political spheres. On the other hand, the scientific activity of the Kingdom in the polar region is a means to consolidate the subarctic status of the country and legitimize its presence in the polar latitudes, which in the future may allow the UK to participate in political and economic processes of the Arctic resources distribution. The joint scientific activity of Russia and Great Britain currently remains, perhaps, one of the few tools that will improve relations between the two countries in the future, establish partnership and prove that mutual cooperation can be beneficial. At the same time, it is obvious that Russia remains the main geopolitical opponent of the UK in the region. From Britain’s perspective, it destabilizes the situation in the Arctic, prevents the protection and sustainable development of the region for the common good.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129437853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risks of a Global Recession in the Face of Globalization Crisis","authors":"P. Yakovlev","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-2-5-14","url":null,"abstract":"Сегодня, через десятилетие после мирового кризиса 2008–2009 гг., перспективы глобальной экономики все еще остаются неопределенными, поскольку не все экономические раны, оставленные кризисными потрясениями, полностью затянулись, а его последствия продолжают оказывать на мирохозяйственную систему глубокое и далеко идущее воздействие. Очевидно и то, что под влиянием происходящих научно-технологических изменений и сдвигов в международной стратегической расстановке сил глобальная торгово-экономическая архитектоника заметно трансформируется. На глазах меняется сам процесс глобализации, в течение последних десятилетий определявший вектор мирового развития. В этой связи высказываются небезосновательные опасения о скором наступлении глобальной рецессии, способной перерасти в новый мировой кризис. Нет необходимости доказывать пагубный характер развития по такому сценарию, поэтому предотвращение подобного хода событий и нейтрализация возникающих рисков – одна из важнейших стратегических задач международной повестки дня.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114183944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russia’s New Strategy in the African Direction","authors":"I. Abramova, Spiridonovka Str. Moscow Russian Federation, L. Fituni","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2019-63-12-90-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2019-63-12-90-100","url":null,"abstract":"This article critically reviews the previous and the still existing scholarship that promotes skeptical and arrogant approach to the debate on Russia’s economic cooperation with Africa. It problematizes prevailing conceptualizations, addresses methodological difficulties of data analysis, scrutinizes theoretical references in past argumentations and political actions in this respect. As an alternative to negative approaches prevailing in the 1990s and early 2000s, the authors suggest to cease neglecting the window of opportunities opened by dynamic nature of the rapidly developing African economies. Time is ripe for launching and implementing a New Strategy of economic cooperation with Africa. The article provides an analysis of the accumulated experience of Soviet-African cooperation. It demonstrates the available possibilities of reaping benefit from its use for the purposes of strengthening Russia’s economic and political positions on the African continent to achieve the announced goals of becoming one of the five largest economies in the world, ensuring high rates of economic growth, and creating in the basic sectors of the economy, particularly in manufacturing and agriculture, a highly productive export-oriented sector, based on modern technologies and fully provided with highly qualified personnel. The authors posit that in the existing conditions it is almost impossible to complete this ambitious task without interacting with African market. Russian industry undergoes a long awaited but still tentative revival. Emerging and developing countries, particularly burgeoning African economies, which offer an ever increasing demand, currently offer welcoming environment for testing the quality and competitiveness of Russian manufacturing goods. China selected this path in the 1990s, successfully taking over the share of the rapidly growing African consumer market vacated by Russia. However, it is not only and not so much an increase in mutual trade that Africa awaits from Russia, not even cooperation in mining, but investments in other strategic industries and sectors of the economy, such as energy generation, infrastructure construction, particularly transport related infrastructure projects like highways and road construction, railways, airports and maritime ports development, processing and manufacturing, sectors of advanced technological knowledge and skills application.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133505384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}