Psiquiatria Biologica最新文献

{"title":"Trastorno de la conducta alimentaria asociado con diabetes gestacional: un caso clínico de psiquiatría perinatal","authors":"Constanza Vera-Varela,&nbsp;Carmen Gil-Sánchez,&nbsp;Alberto Rodríguez-Quiroga,&nbsp;Javier Quintero","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GD) is a common metabolic disorder of pregnancy, associated with obstetric complications and increased maternal metabolic risk. We present a clinical case exploring the relationship between GD and the onset of eating behavior disturbances during pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>A 25-year-old woman with no psychiatric history, obesity, and a diagnosis of GD at 32 weeks' gestation requiring insulin therapy. Following the diagnosis, she developed intense concern about food intake, accompanied by feelings of guilt and fear regarding fetal health. In the postpartum period, she presented with disorganized eating and episodes of hyperphagia with weight gain, body image distress, and subsequent anxious-depressive symptoms. She was diagnosed with unspecified feeding or eating disorder and adjustment disorder with anxiety and depressed mood, receiving pharmacological treatment and psychoeducational interventions with a favorable outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This case illustrates how a diagnosis of GD may trigger dietary stress and emotional distress, promoting restrictive behaviors during pregnancy and dysregulation in the postpartum period. Evidence suggests increased vulnerability to eating disturbances in women with GD, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary, coordinated, and woman-centered approach that integrates individual, family, and healthcare system factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100955"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convulsiones prolongadas durante terapia electroconvulsiva en un paciente con síndrome catatónico: reporte de caso y revisión narrativa","authors":"Patricia Ruiz Cabello Astolfi,&nbsp;Miguel Zacarías Pérez Sosa","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a safe and effective treatment for refractory psychiatric conditions, although complications such as prolonged seizures may occasionally occur. We describe the case of an 18-year-old male patient with psychosis and catatonia who presented multiple prolonged seizures (lasting more than 180 s) during the initial ECT sessions. These were resolved after progressive titration of the stimulus to suprathreshold doses, which facilitated adequate seizure termination. Clinical implications, available evidence in the literature, and management strategies to prevent recurrence are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 100954"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinforcing the clinical imperative for neurology–psychiatry integration: a view from an epileptology team","authors":"Rafael Batista João,&nbsp;João Paulo Rocha Pereira Toiansk de Azevedo,&nbsp;Telma Maria Campos Ribeiro,&nbsp;Dácio Almeida Pereira,&nbsp;Paulo Maurício de Oliveira,&nbsp;Paulo César Ragazzo","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100936","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 3","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A psychiatric differential diagnosis task for medical students using collaborative learning and e-learning principles","authors":"Jon-Inaki Etxeandia-Pradera,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Rojo-Bofill,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Carrasco-Picazo,&nbsp;Carmen Iranzo-Tatay,&nbsp;Pilar Sierra,&nbsp;Vicent Balanzá-Martinez,&nbsp;Eduardo-Jesús Aguilar García-Iturrospe","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study sought to apply collaborative learning and e-learning principles to differential diagnosis during clerkships.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The educational intervention was conducted on sixth-year medical students undertaking a psychiatry clerkship in two university hospitals. It consisted of a collaborative differential diagnosis task based on psychiatric cases. It was carried out in groups of 9–10 students, either face-to-face or online, and was evaluated with a three-level rubric assessing group and individual performance. Student and supervisor satisfaction was collected through a survey and open-ended questions, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 114 sixth-year medical students completed the task: 57 face-to-face and 57 online. There were no significant differences between formats regarding the final score, the citation of external references, and the group performance items (all <em>p</em>s &gt; 0.05). There were differences depending on the format for two individual performance items. Concretely, the quality of the interventions (<em>p</em> &lt; .001) and the accuracy of the final diagnosis were higher in the face-to-face format (<em>p</em> = .011). A total of 104 students answered the satisfaction survey; students from the face-to-face format considered that the evaluation obtained during the clerkship had been more formative. The four supervisors praised its collaborative nature, considered the rubric useful and convenient, and warned about the risk of saturation during the activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A collaborative differential diagnosis task can enrich undergraduate education. The double rubric has the potential to assess the educational context of the group and provide formative evaluation for each student. Epistemological and practical challenges highlight the relevance of the supervisor in this learning task.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 3","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterioro cognitivo subagudo en un paciente con esquizofrenia: a propósito de un caso de encefalitis autoinmunme anti-LGI1","authors":"Andrés Felipe Correa Palacio,&nbsp;Luz Beatriz Roque Romero,&nbsp;Raquel Pérez del Toro","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoimmune encephalitis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders mediated by antibodies directed against neuronal surface or intracellular antigens. The most common subtypes are associated with NMDA, LGI1, CASPR2, and GABA receptors, among others. Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is typically characterized by a triad of subacute dementia, faciobrachial dystonic seizures, and hyponatremia. We present the case of a 57-year-old man with a history of schizophrenia who developed a four-month subacute cognitive decline accompanied by psychotic symptoms. At first, this clinical picture was interpreted as a decompensation of his preexisting psychiatric condition, and he was admitted to an acute psychiatric unit. There was a known familiar background of dementia, and no other neurological symptoms or hyponatremia were present. During the diagnostic workup, anti-LGI1 antibodies were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid, confirming the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. Then he was transferred to the Neurology department, where he received high-dose corticosteroid therapy, resulting in marked clinical improvement. This case is among the few reported in Spain to date and is notable for its atypical presentation, lacking the classical features of the disease, which can be used to understand and identify early this entity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 3","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparación de los síntomas depresivos y el apoyo social en estudiantes universitarios costarricenses de zonas rurales y urbanas","authors":"Daniel Martínez-Esquivel,&nbsp;Patsy Quesada-Carballo,&nbsp;Yerlin Quesada-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Derby Muñoz-Rojas,&nbsp;Ana Laura Solano-López","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>University students face challenges that can significantly impact their mental health. Considering this, this paper presents a comparison of depression symptoms and social support among rural and urban Costa Rican university students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study utilized a convenience sample of 161 university students to examine depression and social support. Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and social support was measured with The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data were collected via an online self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and analysis of covariance were employed for data analysis. Statistical significance was set at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The student body comprised 161 individuals with an average age of 21.04 years (SD = 2.27). Women comprised 65.20% of the sample. The mean depression score was 15.32 (SD = 11.25), suggesting a mild level of depressive symptoms. The mean social support score was 65.78 (SD = 18.50), indicating a relatively high level of perceived social support. Significant differences in depression and social support scores were observed between students in rural and urban locations (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). A significant negative correlation was found between depression and social support (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). After adjusting for social support and age, significant sex-based differences in depressive symptoms were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Significant differences in depression and social support exist among university students. To address these disparities, it is imperative to develop targeted interventions within the university setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 3","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148385944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimulación cerebral profunda en el núcleo accumbens y cápsula interna para depresión resistente al tratamiento: ¿una opción efectiva y definitiva? A propósito de un caso","authors":"Maria Isabel Hernández González ,&nbsp;Ana Paola Gutiérrez Polo ,&nbsp;Valentina Lara Amaya","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) represents a significant clinical challenge, defined as the lack of response to at least two antidepressant treatments at adequate doses and durations. It is estimated that approximately 30% of patients with depression meet these criteria. In the search for effective therapies, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option, with open-label studies reporting improvement in up to 80–90% of cases. Its rationale lies in the modulation of dysfunctional neural networks, inducing changes in action potentials and neurotransmitter release. Although no single anatomical target has been definitively established, the nucleus accumbens is considered a key structure due to its role in the brain's reward circuitry. We present the case of a 61-year-old patient with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, multiple hospitalizations, and suicide attempts, who underwent implantation of electrodes in the nucleus accumbens and bilateral internal capsule, showing sustained improvement during the first two years. However, he later experienced functional decline and symptomatic relapse, requiring neurosurgical reintervention. This case highlights the challenges of DBS in TRD and underscores the need for prospective studies targeting more precise fiber pathways to achieve long-term therapeutic stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 2","pages":"Article 100912"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147714001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explorando el correlato neurobiológico del síndrome de Cotard: evidencia desde una serie de 3 casos","authors":"Marinelly Roca-Zela ,&nbsp;Jeff Huarcaya-Victoria","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cotard's syndrome is a rare clinical entity first described in 1880, which has evolved from a monothematic delusion to a condition with multiple concomitant disorders, primarily psychotic depression. Its study remains challenging due to limited available data. This study analyzes the clinical and neurobiological characteristics of three patients.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Data were collected from three elderly female patients hospitalized in the Psychiatry service of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital, Lima, Peru, in 2023. Medical records, psychiatric evaluations, laboratory tests, and neuroimaging studies were reviewed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The first case involved a 64-year-old woman with no prior psychiatric history who developed a psychotic depressive episode characterized by nihilistic delusions. The second case was a 69-year-old woman with a history of bipolar affective disorder, admitted for a depressive episode with anxious and psychotic symptoms, also presenting nihilistic delusions. The third case involved a 66-year-old woman with longstanding bipolar affective disorder and multiple previous hospitalizations, who presented with a psychotic depressive episode accompanied by catatonia and a neurocognitive disorder. Neuroimaging findings revealed alterations in the frontal and temporal cortices on SPECT, along with MRI findings suggesting an underlying organic condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings demonstrate variability in cerebral perfusion, with reductions in the frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. These results, align with previous studies suggesting that such alterations may contribute to an impaired ability to integrate external stimuli with autobiographical memories, facilitating delusional misidentification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 2","pages":"Article 100910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147713998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting adolescent mental health through school-based screening, psychoeducation and self-help: Study protocol for the SENSE programme","authors":"Marta Ruiz-Hernández ,&nbsp;Elvira Magide-Marco ,&nbsp;Carmen Artés ,&nbsp;David Delgado-Gómez ,&nbsp;Marta del Olmo ,&nbsp;Enrique Baca-García","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Adolescence is a critical period for the emergence of mental health problems, many of which go undetected. Globally, approximately 1 in 7 adolescents experiences emotional or psychological distress, with increasing prevalence in recent years. Schools are strategic settings for early detection and intervention. The SENSE programme (Screening of Emotional Needs and Self-Help) was developed to identify common emotional disorders in educational settings and provide stepped care, ranging from psychoeducation and digital self-help to professional referral.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a prospective, longitudinal, multicentre study conducted in eight educational centres in Spain (secondary schools, high schools, and vocational training centres). Participation is voluntary. Students will be screened at baseline and every trimester using validated tools assessing anxiety, depression, and emotional dysregulation. Based on results, participants will be assigned to support pathways: access to digital self-help materials, small-group interventions, or referral to in-school or external mental health professionals. Follow-ups will assess changes in symptomatology, use of self-help tools, and help-seeking behaviours. Quantitative analyses will evaluate feasibility, adherence, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study aims to generate evidence on the program's acceptability, adherence, and impact in reducing common emotional symptoms. It will also provide data on the prevalence of previously undetected problems, engagement with digital self-care tools, and the effectiveness of early professional referrals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The SENSE programme may serve as a scalable, cost-effective model for school-based early detection and intervention in adolescent mental health. Its implementation could optimise resource allocation, shorten referral times, and inform public policies on youth mental health from a preventive approach.</div><div><strong>Trial registration</strong>: This protocol was registered in <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> on July 18, 2025.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 2","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota alterations in patients with ADHD and depression: Asystematic review","authors":"Jhoan Vidal Utria-Castro ,&nbsp;José Carlos Montes-Correa ,&nbsp;Juliana Andrea Adarme-Malaver ,&nbsp;Mariana Castro-Muñetón ,&nbsp;Mariana Sánchez-Gómez ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Alzate-Granados","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2026.100908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that contributes to neuroimmune signaling and the gut–brain axis. Growing evidence links intestinal dysbiosis to neuropsychiatric conditions, including Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), which frequently co-occur; however, shared microbial patterns underlying this comorbidity remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines to summarize gut microbiota alterations reported in ADHD, MDD, or both. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were searched for peer-reviewed human studies (case–control, cohort, or clinical trials) assessing gut microbiota composition, including taxonomic changes and diversity metrics. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, and none directly examined individuals with comorbid ADHD and MDD. Across ADHD studies, findings suggested increased representation of Proteobacteria and reduced microbial diversity, particularly in pediatric samples. In MDD, studies more consistently reported decreased abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing genera (e.g., Faecalibacterium, Coprococcus, Dialister) alongside higher levels of taxa associated with pro-inflammatory profiles. One study reported that Agathobacter abundance correlated with depressive symptoms among children with ADHD, supporting potential overlap between conditions. Despite heterogeneity in populations and methods, convergent signals included reduced SCFA-producing bacteria and increased Proteobacteria, pointing to inflammatory and metabolic pathways that may contribute to emotional and attentional dysregulation. The lack of studies focused on dual diagnoses represents a major gap. Future research should prioritize well-designed longitudinal and comorbidity-focused studies and evaluate microbiota-targeted interventions (e.g., probiotics) as potential adjunctive strategies for shared symptom domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"33 2","pages":"Article 100908"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147713999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}