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Challenges in subtyping disease entities of thyroid dysfunction following combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a case report. 联合免疫检查点抑制剂治疗后甲状腺功能障碍亚型疾病实体的挑战:一个病例报告。
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00254-7
Marco Juul Thomsen, Stine Linding Andersen, Nanna Maria Uldall Torp, Stig Andersen, Allan Carlé
{"title":"Challenges in subtyping disease entities of thyroid dysfunction following combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a case report.","authors":"Marco Juul Thomsen, Stine Linding Andersen, Nanna Maria Uldall Torp, Stig Andersen, Allan Carlé","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00254-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00254-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is used in the management of advanced malignancies. Thyroid function abnormalities have been reported, but more evidence is needed to substantiate the subtypes and course of thyroid disease associated with this treatment.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 51-year-old woman with metastatic pancreatic cancer and no previous history of autoimmune disease was referred to the Endocrine Department six days after the initiation of combined treatment with ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1). At the initial endocrinologic assessment, the patient had biochemical overt thyrotoxicosis with suppressed thyroid stimulating hormone < 0.01 mIU/L (reference range (RR), 0.3-4.5 mIU/L), elevated total thyroxine (TT4) > 309 nmol/L (> 24.0 µg/dL) (RR, 60-140 nmol/L; 4.7-10.9 µg/dL), and total triiodothyronine (TT3) 7.0 nmol/L (454.5 ng/dL) (RR, 1.1-2.5 nmol/L; 71.4-162.3 ng/dL). Despite marked biochemical thyrotoxicosis, the patient presented with few symptoms. TSH-receptor antibodies (TRAb) were negative, as were thyroid peroxidase antibodies, whereas elevated levels of thyroglobulin antibodies were found. Thyroid ultrasound revealed an enlarged, heterogeneous hypoechoic gland with increased vascularity. High-dose antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy were followed by a decline in thyroid hormone levels (after one week of treatment: TT4: >309 nmol/L (> 24.0 µg/dL); TT3: 1.8 nmol/L (116.9 ng/dL); after two weeks: TT4: 164 nmol/L (12.7 µg/dL); TT3: 0.9 nmol/L (58.4 ng/dL)). After five weeks, the patient developed biochemical hypothyroidism. Thus, ATD therapy was discontinued, and levothyroxine was initiated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report illustrates with a short time frame from the initiation of ICI therapy the onset of thyrotoxicosis, followed by the development of thyroid insufficiency. This case highlights the challenges associated with subtyping the cause of thyroid dysfunction in patients treated with ICIs. Further, this case highlights the importance of clinical awareness and close monitoring of thyroid function in patients receiving immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical and genetic features of a family with multinodular goiter harboring a DICER1 c.2035 A >G variant. 多结节性甲状腺肿家族DICER1的临床和遗传特征bbbbg的变种。
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00253-8
Man-Li Guo, Xu Hu, Hong Zhu, Ling-Guang Luo, Shao-Gang Ma
{"title":"Clinical and genetic features of a family with multinodular goiter harboring a DICER1 c.2035 A >G variant.","authors":"Man-Li Guo, Xu Hu, Hong Zhu, Ling-Guang Luo, Shao-Gang Ma","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00253-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00253-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical characteristics and causal gene mutations in a family with multinodular goiter (MNG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A proband and eight family members were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent clinical examination and laboratory tests. Whole exome sequencing was performed on selected individuals. Peripheral venous samples were collected from the subjects, and genomic DNA was extracted. DNA library construction and exome capture were performed on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform. The data were analyzed, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm that there was a variant in the original DNA and to evaluate the inheritance pattern in the family members. MNG tissue obtained from two family members was sequenced by whole exome sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proband and four family members were diagnosed with MNG and had undergone thyroidectomy, one of whom was pathologically diagnosed with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Thyroid function tests of all family members were normal. Exome sequence analysis identified a heterozygous variant, NM_177438.3:c.2035 A > G (NP_803187.1:p.Ile679Val), in exon 12 of the DICER1 gene in the proband and six family members. The variant was consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. However, somatic DICER1 mutation was not detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The germline variant NM_177438.3:c.2035 A > G (NP_803187.1:p.Ile679Val) in DICER1 gene was first reported in individuals affected with DICER1-related conditions. It is important to take a detailed family history of patients with MNG. Genetic analysis can help diagnose DICER1 syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preconception thyroid function in relation to pregnancy lipids among women attending a fertility center. 在生育中心就诊的妇女中,孕前甲状腺功能与妊娠脂质的关系。
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00245-8
Xilin Shen, Tim I M Korevaar, Tamarra James-Todd, Paige L Williams, Jennifer B Ford, Dan Zhang, Maarten A Broeren, Kathryn M Rexrode, Russ Hauser, Jorge E Chavarro, Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
{"title":"Preconception thyroid function in relation to pregnancy lipids among women attending a fertility center.","authors":"Xilin Shen, Tim I M Korevaar, Tamarra James-Todd, Paige L Williams, Jennifer B Ford, Dan Zhang, Maarten A Broeren, Kathryn M Rexrode, Russ Hauser, Jorge E Chavarro, Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00245-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00245-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Thyroid hormones play an essential role in lipid metabolism. The association of thyroid function and dyslipidemia in women has been mostly studied in the general population, and epidemiological evidence during pregnancy is scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the association of preconception thyroid function and autoimmunity with serum lipid biomarkers during pregnancy among 142 pregnant women enrolled in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study (2005 - 2017) who were seeking treatment at a fertility center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Before conception, we measured biomarkers of thyroid function and autoimmunity including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT<sub>4</sub>), total thyroxine (TT<sub>4</sub>), free triiodothyronine (fT<sub>3</sub>), total triiodothyronine (TT<sub>3</sub>), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb). During pregnancy, we assessed lipid biomarkers including serum levels of total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Linear regression models were used to study these associations while adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, multifetal gestation, infertility diagnosis and trimester of lipid measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a negative association between preconception serum TT<sub>3</sub> and HDL cholesterol levels during pregnancy (β estimate = -8.6, 95% CI = -16.2, -1.1), and a smaller negative association for TT<sub>4</sub> with HDL (β estimate = -0.2, 95% CI = -4.0, 0.0). When stratified by trimester, these associations were stronger for those with lipids measured in the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimesters but were not observed for lipids measured in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> trimesters. We also found that each 0.1 unit increase in the preconception fT<sub>3</sub>: fT<sub>4</sub> ratio was associated with higher total cholesterol (β estimate = 32.4, 95% CI = 1.93, 62.6), non-HDL (β estimate = 35.8, 95% CI = 5.63, 65.9) and LDL (β estimate = 32.1, 95% CI = 4.48, 59.7) cholesterol in 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester, but no association for those with lipids measured in earlier trimesters. No other associations were found for the other examined exposures and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that some preconception biomarkers of thyroid function were associated with serum lipid levels during pregnancy. These results highlight the importance of thyroid function during the preconception window, and its potential impact on cholesterol levels at different time periods in the pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predicting visual acuity recovery in orbital decompression surgery for dysthyroid optic neuropathy. 预测甲状腺功能障碍视神经病变眶减压术后视力恢复。
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00248-5
Forrest W Fearington, Lazaro R Peraza, Gabriel A Hernandez-Herrera, Andrew S Awadallah, Janalee K Stokken, Lilly H Wagner, Elizabeth A Bradley, Marius N Stan, Erick D Bothun, Andrea A Tooley
{"title":"Predicting visual acuity recovery in orbital decompression surgery for dysthyroid optic neuropathy.","authors":"Forrest W Fearington, Lazaro R Peraza, Gabriel A Hernandez-Herrera, Andrew S Awadallah, Janalee K Stokken, Lilly H Wagner, Elizabeth A Bradley, Marius N Stan, Erick D Bothun, Andrea A Tooley","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00248-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00248-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with thyroid eye disease may develop dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), which is commonly treated via orbital decompression surgery. This study aims to identify preoperative factors that can predict postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with DON and to classify recovery rates based on these prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively assessed thirty-two patients (51 orbits) diagnosed with DON who underwent orbital decompression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate and multivariate mixed effects analysis revealed that preoperative BCVA was the strongest predictor of postoperative BCVA (p < 0.0001). Other significant prognostic factors were extraocular muscle hypertrophy (p = 0.01), visual field mean deviation (p = 0.009), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p = 0.01), and afferent pupillary defect (p < 0.0001). We then stratified outcomes by the strongest prognostic factor, preoperative BCVA, which demonstrated that 17 of 19 (89.5%) orbits with preoperative BCVA < logMAR 0.20 (20/32 Snellen) achieved acceptable final vision (defined as better than logMAR 0.40 or 20/50 Snellen), compared to 16 of 20 (80%) orbits with preoperative BCVA logMAR 0.20-0.60 (20/32-20/80 Snellen), and only 3 of 11 (27.3%) orbits with preoperative BCVA > logMAR 0.60 (20/80 Snellen). Patients with preoperative BCVA of logMAR 0.60 (20/80 Snellen) or better had > 80% chance of recovering with acceptable final vision after surgery, compared to a < 30% chance for patients with preoperative BCVA worse than logMAR 0.60 (20/80 Snellen).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight preoperative BCVA as the strongest predictor of DON outcome and suggest that earlier intervention prior to substantial BCVA deterioration may yield better results.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3: Retrospectively Registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complete remission of peritoneal strumosis from struma ovarii after radioiodine therapy: a case report. 放射碘治疗后卵巢甲状腺肿腹膜瘘完全缓解1例。
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00247-6
Jun Yang, Zhengzhou Pan, Jili Wang, Xinhui Su
{"title":"Complete remission of peritoneal strumosis from struma ovarii after radioiodine therapy: a case report.","authors":"Jun Yang, Zhengzhou Pan, Jili Wang, Xinhui Su","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00247-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00247-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Struma ovarii (SO) is a specialized monodermal teratoma composed predominantly of thyroid tissue (≥ 50%) and accounts for approximately 5% of all ovarian teratomas. In rare cases, the benign SO may spread to the peritoneal cavity and exhibit the histological features of struma ovarii in a condition termed peritoneal strumosis. Here, we present a rare case of complete remission of peritoneal strumosis from SO after radioiodine therapy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 41-year-old Chinese woman underwent transabdominal left oophorectomy for a benign SO 18 years prior to presentation in the clinic. She was admitted to our institution for periodic medical examination after ultrasonography revealed a left pelvic mass. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, right salpingo-oophorectomy, and omentectomy, and multiple biopsies were taken from the omentum and mesentery. Pathology revealed peritoneal strumosis without evidence of malignancy from SO. Afterward, a total thyroidectomy was performed, and a histological examination revealed multinodular goiter. In total, 4400 MBq of 131I was administered, and lesion remission was confirmed. Finally, after 1 year of follow-up, the patient had no evidence of recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Peritoneal strumosis from OS is a rare aggressive clinical manifestation that differs from malignancy. Conservative surgery with personalized radioiodine may be a practical therapeutic option for unresectable peritoneal strumosis, and long-term monitoring is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quality of life in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism: clinical management gaps. 亚临床甲状腺功能减退孕妇的生活质量:临床管理差距。
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00251-w
Zahra Panahi, Marziye Sadeghi Gogheri, Mohadese Dashtkoohi, Mohammadamin Noorafrooz, Nasim Eshraghi, Marjan Ghaemi, Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh Vahdani, Razieh Akbari, Mohammad Sadeq Najafi, Mohammadamin Parsaei, Alireza Imani Porshokouh, Bahram Salmanian, Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh
{"title":"Quality of life in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism: clinical management gaps.","authors":"Zahra Panahi, Marziye Sadeghi Gogheri, Mohadese Dashtkoohi, Mohammadamin Noorafrooz, Nasim Eshraghi, Marjan Ghaemi, Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh Vahdani, Razieh Akbari, Mohammad Sadeq Najafi, Mohammadamin Parsaei, Alireza Imani Porshokouh, Bahram Salmanian, Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00251-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00251-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy affects a significant proportion of women, yet its impact on maternal well-being remains insufficiently explored. Current diagnostic and treatment guidelines focus primarily on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, often overlooking the broader implications of SCH on maternal quality of life (QoL). This narrow focus may lead to missed opportunities for interventions that could enhance the overall well-being of this population. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of SCH on QoL in first-trimester pregnant women and determine whether untreated SCH with TSH levels between 2.5 and 4 µIU/mL compromises maternal well-being.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study conducted on pregnant women during first trimester of pregnancy. Participants were divided into SCH and euthyroid groups based on TSH levels. Data regarding health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was collected using a questionnaire previously described and validated for study population. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, comparative tests, and multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 409 pregnant women, those with SCH demonstrated notably lower physical and mental HRQoL compared to those with normal thyroid function. The physical component score was 14.59 ± 3.63 in the SCH group versus 15.96 ± 3.44 in the euthyroid group (p < 0.001), while the mental component score was 20.24 ± 4.24 in the SCH group compared to 22.39 ± 4.55 in the euthyroid group (p < 0.001). This decline affected all areas assessed, including general and mental health, physical function, bodily pain, and social functioning. TSH levels emerged as a significant predictor of overall HRQoL using regression analysis (B coefficient - 1.30,95% CI: -2.08 to -0.52; p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that SCH significantly compromises the HRQoL in pregnant women. The findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive management strategies that not only prioritize the optimization of thyroid function but also address the significant QoL impairments observed in SCH. Given the current lack of treatment recommendations for SCH in pregnant women based on TSH alone, QoL should be incorporated into clinical guidelines to provide more patient-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The utility of 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET/CT in predicting the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced medullary thyroid cancer. 68Ga-DOTATATE和18F-FDG PET/CT在预测晚期甲状腺髓样癌患者对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的反应中的应用
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00250-x
Eline C Jager, James McNeil, Alexander J Papachristos, Mark Sywak, Stan B Sidhu, Rhonda Siddall, Jeremy Hoang, Geoffrey P Schembri, Venessa H M Tsang, Ayanthi Wijewardene, Lyndal Tacon, Bruce Robinson, Roderick J Clifton-Bligh, Martyn Bullock, Adrienne H Brouwers, Thera P Links, Schelto Kruijff, Anthony R Glover, Matti L Gild
{"title":"The utility of <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT in predicting the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced medullary thyroid cancer.","authors":"Eline C Jager, James McNeil, Alexander J Papachristos, Mark Sywak, Stan B Sidhu, Rhonda Siddall, Jeremy Hoang, Geoffrey P Schembri, Venessa H M Tsang, Ayanthi Wijewardene, Lyndal Tacon, Bruce Robinson, Roderick J Clifton-Bligh, Martyn Bullock, Adrienne H Brouwers, Thera P Links, Schelto Kruijff, Anthony R Glover, Matti L Gild","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00250-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00250-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). However, treatment response heterogeneity leads to challenges in predicting individual favourable response. This study evaluated the correlation between PET metrics on <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CTs prior to treatment, and TKI response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively evaluated patients with metastatic MTC who received TKIs at a tertiary care hospital and had prior <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE and/or <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Patient demographics, treatment and PET/CT data were collected. Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) max, SUVmean, Total Lesion Activity (TLA) and Metabolic Tumor Volume (MTV) were determined per PET/CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 25 patients, mean age at diagnosis was 48 (±15) years; 11 (44%) were female and 21 tumors harbored RET driver alterations. Thirty-six TKI treatments were administered (11 patients received two TKIs sequentially). RECIST response rates (available in 32/36 treatments) included; stable disease in 8/32 (25%), partial response in 23/32 (72%) and complete response in 1/32 (3%) treatments. In total, 30 pre-TKI PET/CTs (24 <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE PET/CTs, 6 <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CTs) were performed. Pre-TKI <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE PET/CTs did not correlate with TKI treatment response. In the <sup>18</sup>F-FDG cohort, high MTV and TLA correlated with a better structural response (p < 0.001) and high SUVmean correlated with a longer time to reach optimal response (p = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a small cohort of MTC patients, MTV and TLA on <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT were associated with the structural response of TKI treatment, suggesting their potential utility in identifying patients who are likely to respond significantly. In contrast, TKI response showed no correlation with uptake on <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma as a giant cervical cyst without a primary tumor in the thyroid gland: a case report. 甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移为巨大宫颈囊肿,甲状腺无原发肿瘤:1例报告。
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00244-9
Xili Lu, Pingping Zhou, Jili Wang, Xinhui Su, Jun Yang
{"title":"A lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma as a giant cervical cyst without a primary tumor in the thyroid gland: a case report.","authors":"Xili Lu, Pingping Zhou, Jili Wang, Xinhui Su, Jun Yang","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00244-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00244-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) comprises the vast majority of all thyroid cancers. Lymph node metastases may be present even when the primary tumor is small and intrathyroidal. Metastatic lymph nodes of PTC presenting as giant solitary cervical cysts with no evidence of primary tumors in the thyroid gland even by postoperative pathological examination are rare.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 33-year-old Chinese woman presented to the hospital with an incidental mass in her right neck. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a giant right cystic mass in the inferior submandibular gland. The patient underwent mass dissection. Histopathological assessment indicated metastatic papillary carcinoma from the thyroid. Total thyroidectomy and bilateral selective neck dissection were performed. Meticulous pathological examination revealed no lesions in the thyroid. After 18 months of follow-up, no signs of recurrence were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is difficult and challenging to differentially diagnose between ectopic PTC and lymph node metastasis from PTC. Meticulous pathological evaluation of surgical specimens is key to making a definitive diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pregnancy outcome following radioactive iodine therapy for Graves' disease in women of childbearing age: a systematic review. 育龄妇女Graves病放射性碘治疗后妊娠结局的系统回顾
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00242-x
Churun Xu, Lingge Wei, Peng Xie
{"title":"Pregnancy outcome following radioactive iodine therapy for Graves' disease in women of childbearing age: a systematic review.","authors":"Churun Xu, Lingge Wei, Peng Xie","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00242-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00242-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Graves' disease (GD) patients treated with radioactive iodine may face health risks from potential radiation exposure, both for themselves and their offspring. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the association between prior radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for GD and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in women of childbearing age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of the bibliographic databases PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science was conducted up to December 2024 to identify relevant studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final systematic review included 1055 patients from 5 articles, all of which were retrospective cohort studies. Two studies reported the incidence of miscarriage after RAI treatment of 2.3% (3/130) and 22.2% (6/27). One study indicated that the miscarriage rate in the RAI group was not significantly different from that in the control groups, while the other did not provide a statistical comparison between groups. Two studies reported the incidence of neonatal hyperthyroidism (NH) after RAI therapy of 11.3% (5/44) and 5.5% (8/145). Both studies indicated that high levels of serum TRAb during late pregnancy were significantly associated with NH (P < 0.05). One study reported the incidence of postpartum thyrotoxicosis (PT) after RAI therapy of 2.1%. Compared with surgical treatment and ATD treatment, patients with RAI therapy had a significantly lower incidence of PT (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the limited evidence from retrospective studies, current data does not demonstrate a statistically significant increase in the risk of miscarriage or postpartum thyrotoxicosis following RAI therapy, compared to ATDs or surgical treatment. Elevated maternal TRAb levels in late pregnancy were strongly associated with neonatal hyperthyroidism. However, the small sample sizes and heterogeneity in study designs preclude definitive conclusions. Further prospective studies are required to establish more comprehensive and reliable conclusions and to evaluate more pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in highly active antiretroviral therapy -Exposed people living with human immunodeficiency virus. 高活性抗逆转录病毒治疗暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者中甲状腺功能障碍的患病率
IF 1.9
Thyroid Research Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-025-00240-z
Asma A Adan, Redemtor A Ojuang, Steven G Nyanjom, Edward K Maina
{"title":"Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in highly active antiretroviral therapy -Exposed people living with human immunodeficiency virus.","authors":"Asma A Adan, Redemtor A Ojuang, Steven G Nyanjom, Edward K Maina","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00240-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00240-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of thyroid dysfunction is high in HIV patients, contributing to the high mortality and morbidity associated with HIV.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study focused on evaluating the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and associated factors among people living with HIV (PLWH) attending Comprehensive care centre at Maua Methodist Hospital, Kenya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical and sociodemographic data of participants were collected including HIV viral loads, CD4 counts, HAART regimen and type, age, gender, marital and education status, and co-infection. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were assessed in all groups. Regression analysis and Pearson correlation were performed to assess thyroid dysfunction and associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 51.9% (95% CI: 50.8 ~ 53.2) in this population. 77% (77%) of the HAART group had thyroid dysfunction compared to 47% of the HAART naïve group. Additionally, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was high in the HIV-non-suppressed individuals (97%, 95% CI: 97.1 ~ 97.9) compared to suppressed group (83%, 95% CI: 82.7 ~ 84.3). HIV (p < 0.001), HAART exposure (p < 0.001), TB (p < 0.001) and duration of infection (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with thyroid dysfunction. There was a positive correlation between TSH (r = 0.28; p < 0.01) and HIV + individuals under HAART, TSH (r = 0.37; p < 0.001) and TB, and FT3 (r = 0.35; p < 0.001) and duration of infection. Additionally, there was positive corelation between thyroid dysfunction and age (r = 0.13, p = 0.13), and a negative correlation between thyroid dysfunction and CD4 counts (r = -0.39, p < 0.055) though statistically not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thyroid dysfunction is more common in HIV patients on HAART, mainly manifested as subclinical hypothyroidism. Routine screening for thyroid dysfunction should be considered for PLWH, especially those on HAART and with viral blips.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12150516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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