Thyroid Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of probiotics and synbiotics oral supplementation on thyroid function in adults: a grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mehdi Karimi, Reyhane Rabiei, Kimia Kazemi, Reyhaneh Bagheri Motlagh, Omid Asbaghi","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00257-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00257-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may have a potential impact on thyroid function, given the gut-thyroid axis and the microbiome's involvement in nutrient absorption, immune modulation, and hormone metabolism. Emerging research highlighted that probiotics and synbiotics may influence thyroid hormone regulation, although findings in original studies are inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of probiotics and synbiotics oral supplementation on thyroid hormones in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across major online databases until April 2025. Studies were selected, relevant data extracted, and statistically analyzed using standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled analysis of nine clinical trials showed that probiotics and synbiotics oral supplementation led to a significant reduction in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (SMD: -1.10, 95%CI: [-1.96, -0.23], p = 0.013), and significantly increase free triiodothyronine (T3) (SMD: 0.98, 95% CI: [0.10, 1.85], p = 0.029) and free thyroxine (T4) (SMD: 1.04, 95%CI: [0.04, 2.05], p = 0.042). Subgroup analyses indicated that supplementation lasting ≤ 8 weeks showed a stronger effect. Additionally, patients with thyroid disorders show higher responsiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Probiotics and synbiotics supplementation may beneficially modulate thyroid function, demonstrated by a significant reduction in TSH levels and increases in free T3 and free T4, particularly among individuals with thyroid disorders. These findings support the potential role of microbiome-targeted interventions as adjunctive strategies in managing thyroid dysfunction. However, further large-scale, long-term RCTs are needed to confirm their clinical efficacy and to establish standardized protocols for their use in routine care.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12315383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive demographic and clinical features for the development of dysthyroid optic neuropathy in a multi-ethnic TED population: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Malik Moledina, Vickie Lee, Ahmed Alnahrawy, Ourania Fydanaki, Nicole George, Nour Hubby, Daisy Metcalf, Natalie Man, Gabriella Guevara, Claire Feeney, Rashmi Akshikar, Rajni Jain, Ahmad Aziz, Vassiliki Bravis, Karim Meeran","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00249-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00249-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy (DON) is a sight-threatening complication of Thyroid Eye Disease (TED). This study aims to identify the risk and predictive factors for DON in a multi-ethnic TED cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective, cohort study of consecutive TED patients attending a multidisciplinary service over an 11-year period. Consecutive patients aged over 18 years old with a minimum of 6 months follow-up post-diagnosis of TED were included. We compared those patients with DON and those without (no-DON) to determine which factors were more prevalent in patients with DON.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 26 and 516 consecutive patients with DON and no-DON. The DON prevalence in the cohort was 5.0%. The DON group had a Mean Age at TED Diagnosis (MATD) of 57.8 vs. 46.1 years in the no-DON group. The mean presenting CAS, TRAb and Gorman Diplopia Score (GDS) were significantly higher 3.73 ± 1.80, 2.76 ± 1.05 and 11.31 ± 11.90 vs. 0.54 ± 0.80, 0.48 ± 0.90 and 6.95 ± 9.22 in the DON compared to the no-DON group respectively (p = 0.00, p = 0.00 and p = 0.04). On multivariable regression, we found the following risk factors for developing DON (Odds Ratios): MATD ≥ 53 years (5.2 p = 0.00), presenting CAS ≥ 4 (P = 0.00), presenting GDS ≥ 3 (7.5 p = 0.00), diabetes (5.7 p = 0.00), and baseline TRAb ≥ 5.0 IU/L (2.9 p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with diabetes, increased MATD, and high presenting CAS, GDS, and TRAb are at increased risk of developing DON in our cohort. Clinicians should be especially vigilant of the risk of sight-threatening complications in TED patients with more than one of the above risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of ultrasonographic scoring method and nomogram in assessing cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.","authors":"Liping Chen, Yan Chen, Zhengming Hu, Huali Cai, Xiaona Lin, Jieyu Zhong, Desheng Sun","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00255-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00255-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The preoperative cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) status in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) critically determines the type of lymph node dissection performed. Currently, ultrasonography is the primary method for initial CLNM screening in PTC patients. This study aims to analyze the efficacy of an ultrasonic-characteristics-based scoring system in diagnosing lymph node metastasis in PTC and construct a predictive nomogram.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The imaging findings, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) results, and surgical pathology data from 269 suspected CLNM cases at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, spanning from July 2021 to October 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. We identified specific ultrasound characteristics and assigned scores based on our clinical experience. The diagnostic performance of the ultrasound scoring system was assessed by plotting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Additionally, a nomogram was developed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-logistic regression. The nomogram's discrimination was evaluated using ROC analysis, its accuracy was assessed with calibration curves, and its clinical utility was determined by decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, factors such as age, sex, lymph node length, thickness, aspect ratio, shape, hilum status, echogenicity, microcalcification, cystic necrosis, blood flow pattern, and the ultrasonic score were included in the analysis. The ultrasound score had the highest (AUC = 0.914, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.880-0.950), with an optimal cutoff value of 2.5. A score of 3 or higher had a diagnostic sensitivity for CLNM of 81.1%, specificity of 85.2%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 83.1%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 83.4%, and Kappa value of 0.664. Subsequent LASSO regression analysis identified sex, hyperechogenicity, peripheral disordered blood flow, and the ultrasonic score as independent predictors of CLNM, which were incorporated into a logistic regression-based predictive nomogram. The model exhibited strong discriminatory performance in both the training set (AUC = 0.933, 95% CI: 0.820-0.910) and the test set (AUC = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.790-0.890) for distinguishing PTC with and without CLNM. Furthermore, calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed the model's good fit and favorable clinical net benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ultrasonic scoring method and the Nomogram have significant clinical utility in the preoperative assessment of CLNM in PTC, reducing unnecessary FNA procedures, and are simple and practical for clinical application.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in subtyping disease entities of thyroid dysfunction following combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a case report.","authors":"Marco Juul Thomsen, Stine Linding Andersen, Nanna Maria Uldall Torp, Stig Andersen, Allan Carlé","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00254-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00254-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is used in the management of advanced malignancies. Thyroid function abnormalities have been reported, but more evidence is needed to substantiate the subtypes and course of thyroid disease associated with this treatment.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 51-year-old woman with metastatic pancreatic cancer and no previous history of autoimmune disease was referred to the Endocrine Department six days after the initiation of combined treatment with ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1). At the initial endocrinologic assessment, the patient had biochemical overt thyrotoxicosis with suppressed thyroid stimulating hormone < 0.01 mIU/L (reference range (RR), 0.3-4.5 mIU/L), elevated total thyroxine (TT4) > 309 nmol/L (> 24.0 µg/dL) (RR, 60-140 nmol/L; 4.7-10.9 µg/dL), and total triiodothyronine (TT3) 7.0 nmol/L (454.5 ng/dL) (RR, 1.1-2.5 nmol/L; 71.4-162.3 ng/dL). Despite marked biochemical thyrotoxicosis, the patient presented with few symptoms. TSH-receptor antibodies (TRAb) were negative, as were thyroid peroxidase antibodies, whereas elevated levels of thyroglobulin antibodies were found. Thyroid ultrasound revealed an enlarged, heterogeneous hypoechoic gland with increased vascularity. High-dose antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy were followed by a decline in thyroid hormone levels (after one week of treatment: TT4: >309 nmol/L (> 24.0 µg/dL); TT3: 1.8 nmol/L (116.9 ng/dL); after two weeks: TT4: 164 nmol/L (12.7 µg/dL); TT3: 0.9 nmol/L (58.4 ng/dL)). After five weeks, the patient developed biochemical hypothyroidism. Thus, ATD therapy was discontinued, and levothyroxine was initiated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report illustrates with a short time frame from the initiation of ICI therapy the onset of thyrotoxicosis, followed by the development of thyroid insufficiency. This case highlights the challenges associated with subtyping the cause of thyroid dysfunction in patients treated with ICIs. Further, this case highlights the importance of clinical awareness and close monitoring of thyroid function in patients receiving immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and genetic features of a family with multinodular goiter harboring a DICER1 c.2035 A >G variant.","authors":"Man-Li Guo, Xu Hu, Hong Zhu, Ling-Guang Luo, Shao-Gang Ma","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00253-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00253-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical characteristics and causal gene mutations in a family with multinodular goiter (MNG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A proband and eight family members were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent clinical examination and laboratory tests. Whole exome sequencing was performed on selected individuals. Peripheral venous samples were collected from the subjects, and genomic DNA was extracted. DNA library construction and exome capture were performed on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform. The data were analyzed, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm that there was a variant in the original DNA and to evaluate the inheritance pattern in the family members. MNG tissue obtained from two family members was sequenced by whole exome sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proband and four family members were diagnosed with MNG and had undergone thyroidectomy, one of whom was pathologically diagnosed with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Thyroid function tests of all family members were normal. Exome sequence analysis identified a heterozygous variant, NM_177438.3:c.2035 A > G (NP_803187.1:p.Ile679Val), in exon 12 of the DICER1 gene in the proband and six family members. The variant was consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. However, somatic DICER1 mutation was not detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The germline variant NM_177438.3:c.2035 A > G (NP_803187.1:p.Ile679Val) in DICER1 gene was first reported in individuals affected with DICER1-related conditions. It is important to take a detailed family history of patients with MNG. Genetic analysis can help diagnose DICER1 syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preconception thyroid function in relation to pregnancy lipids among women attending a fertility center.","authors":"Xilin Shen, Tim I M Korevaar, Tamarra James-Todd, Paige L Williams, Jennifer B Ford, Dan Zhang, Maarten A Broeren, Kathryn M Rexrode, Russ Hauser, Jorge E Chavarro, Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00245-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00245-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Thyroid hormones play an essential role in lipid metabolism. The association of thyroid function and dyslipidemia in women has been mostly studied in the general population, and epidemiological evidence during pregnancy is scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the association of preconception thyroid function and autoimmunity with serum lipid biomarkers during pregnancy among 142 pregnant women enrolled in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study (2005 - 2017) who were seeking treatment at a fertility center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Before conception, we measured biomarkers of thyroid function and autoimmunity including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT₄), total thyroxine (TT₄), free triiodothyronine (fT₃), total triiodothyronine (TT₃), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb). During pregnancy, we assessed lipid biomarkers including serum levels of total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Linear regression models were used to study these associations while adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, multifetal gestation, infertility diagnosis and trimester of lipid measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a negative association between preconception serum TT₃ and HDL cholesterol levels during pregnancy (β estimate = -8.6, 95% CI = -16.2, -1.1), and a smaller negative association for TT₄ with HDL (β estimate = -0.2, 95% CI = -4.0, 0.0). When stratified by trimester, these associations were stronger for those with lipids measured in the 3^rd trimesters but were not observed for lipids measured in the 1^st and 2^nd trimesters. We also found that each 0.1 unit increase in the preconception fT₃: fT₄ ratio was associated with higher total cholesterol (β estimate = 32.4, 95% CI = 1.93, 62.6), non-HDL (β estimate = 35.8, 95% CI = 5.63, 65.9) and LDL (β estimate = 32.1, 95% CI = 4.48, 59.7) cholesterol in 3^rd trimester, but no association for those with lipids measured in earlier trimesters. No other associations were found for the other examined exposures and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that some preconception biomarkers of thyroid function were associated with serum lipid levels during pregnancy. These results highlight the importance of thyroid function during the preconception window, and its potential impact on cholesterol levels at different time periods in the pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting visual acuity recovery in orbital decompression surgery for dysthyroid optic neuropathy.","authors":"Forrest W Fearington, Lazaro R Peraza, Gabriel A Hernandez-Herrera, Andrew S Awadallah, Janalee K Stokken, Lilly H Wagner, Elizabeth A Bradley, Marius N Stan, Erick D Bothun, Andrea A Tooley","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00248-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00248-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with thyroid eye disease may develop dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), which is commonly treated via orbital decompression surgery. This study aims to identify preoperative factors that can predict postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with DON and to classify recovery rates based on these prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively assessed thirty-two patients (51 orbits) diagnosed with DON who underwent orbital decompression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate and multivariate mixed effects analysis revealed that preoperative BCVA was the strongest predictor of postoperative BCVA (p < 0.0001). Other significant prognostic factors were extraocular muscle hypertrophy (p = 0.01), visual field mean deviation (p = 0.009), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p = 0.01), and afferent pupillary defect (p < 0.0001). We then stratified outcomes by the strongest prognostic factor, preoperative BCVA, which demonstrated that 17 of 19 (89.5%) orbits with preoperative BCVA < logMAR 0.20 (20/32 Snellen) achieved acceptable final vision (defined as better than logMAR 0.40 or 20/50 Snellen), compared to 16 of 20 (80%) orbits with preoperative BCVA logMAR 0.20-0.60 (20/32-20/80 Snellen), and only 3 of 11 (27.3%) orbits with preoperative BCVA > logMAR 0.60 (20/80 Snellen). Patients with preoperative BCVA of logMAR 0.60 (20/80 Snellen) or better had > 80% chance of recovering with acceptable final vision after surgery, compared to a < 30% chance for patients with preoperative BCVA worse than logMAR 0.60 (20/80 Snellen).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight preoperative BCVA as the strongest predictor of DON outcome and suggest that earlier intervention prior to substantial BCVA deterioration may yield better results.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3: Retrospectively Registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete remission of peritoneal strumosis from struma ovarii after radioiodine therapy: a case report.","authors":"Jun Yang, Zhengzhou Pan, Jili Wang, Xinhui Su","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00247-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00247-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Struma ovarii (SO) is a specialized monodermal teratoma composed predominantly of thyroid tissue (≥ 50%) and accounts for approximately 5% of all ovarian teratomas. In rare cases, the benign SO may spread to the peritoneal cavity and exhibit the histological features of struma ovarii in a condition termed peritoneal strumosis. Here, we present a rare case of complete remission of peritoneal strumosis from SO after radioiodine therapy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 41-year-old Chinese woman underwent transabdominal left oophorectomy for a benign SO 18 years prior to presentation in the clinic. She was admitted to our institution for periodic medical examination after ultrasonography revealed a left pelvic mass. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, right salpingo-oophorectomy, and omentectomy, and multiple biopsies were taken from the omentum and mesentery. Pathology revealed peritoneal strumosis without evidence of malignancy from SO. Afterward, a total thyroidectomy was performed, and a histological examination revealed multinodular goiter. In total, 4400 MBq of 131I was administered, and lesion remission was confirmed. Finally, after 1 year of follow-up, the patient had no evidence of recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Peritoneal strumosis from OS is a rare aggressive clinical manifestation that differs from malignancy. Conservative surgery with personalized radioiodine may be a practical therapeutic option for unresectable peritoneal strumosis, and long-term monitoring is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism: clinical management gaps.","authors":"Zahra Panahi, Marziye Sadeghi Gogheri, Mohadese Dashtkoohi, Mohammadamin Noorafrooz, Nasim Eshraghi, Marjan Ghaemi, Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh Vahdani, Razieh Akbari, Mohammad Sadeq Najafi, Mohammadamin Parsaei, Alireza Imani Porshokouh, Bahram Salmanian, Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00251-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00251-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy affects a significant proportion of women, yet its impact on maternal well-being remains insufficiently explored. Current diagnostic and treatment guidelines focus primarily on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, often overlooking the broader implications of SCH on maternal quality of life (QoL). This narrow focus may lead to missed opportunities for interventions that could enhance the overall well-being of this population. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of SCH on QoL in first-trimester pregnant women and determine whether untreated SCH with TSH levels between 2.5 and 4 µIU/mL compromises maternal well-being.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study conducted on pregnant women during first trimester of pregnancy. Participants were divided into SCH and euthyroid groups based on TSH levels. Data regarding health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was collected using a questionnaire previously described and validated for study population. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, comparative tests, and multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 409 pregnant women, those with SCH demonstrated notably lower physical and mental HRQoL compared to those with normal thyroid function. The physical component score was 14.59 ± 3.63 in the SCH group versus 15.96 ± 3.44 in the euthyroid group (p < 0.001), while the mental component score was 20.24 ± 4.24 in the SCH group compared to 22.39 ± 4.55 in the euthyroid group (p < 0.001). This decline affected all areas assessed, including general and mental health, physical function, bodily pain, and social functioning. TSH levels emerged as a significant predictor of overall HRQoL using regression analysis (B coefficient - 1.30,95% CI: -2.08 to -0.52; p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that SCH significantly compromises the HRQoL in pregnant women. The findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive management strategies that not only prioritize the optimization of thyroid function but also address the significant QoL impairments observed in SCH. Given the current lack of treatment recommendations for SCH in pregnant women based on TSH alone, QoL should be incorporated into clinical guidelines to provide more patient-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The utility of ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in predicting the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced medullary thyroid cancer.","authors":"Eline C Jager, James McNeil, Alexander J Papachristos, Mark Sywak, Stan B Sidhu, Rhonda Siddall, Jeremy Hoang, Geoffrey P Schembri, Venessa H M Tsang, Ayanthi Wijewardene, Lyndal Tacon, Bruce Robinson, Roderick J Clifton-Bligh, Martyn Bullock, Adrienne H Brouwers, Thera P Links, Schelto Kruijff, Anthony R Glover, Matti L Gild","doi":"10.1186/s13044-025-00250-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13044-025-00250-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). However, treatment response heterogeneity leads to challenges in predicting individual favourable response. This study evaluated the correlation between PET metrics on ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CTs prior to treatment, and TKI response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively evaluated patients with metastatic MTC who received TKIs at a tertiary care hospital and had prior ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE and/or ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Patient demographics, treatment and PET/CT data were collected. Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) max, SUVmean, Total Lesion Activity (TLA) and Metabolic Tumor Volume (MTV) were determined per PET/CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 25 patients, mean age at diagnosis was 48 (±15) years; 11 (44%) were female and 21 tumors harbored RET driver alterations. Thirty-six TKI treatments were administered (11 patients received two TKIs sequentially). RECIST response rates (available in 32/36 treatments) included; stable disease in 8/32 (25%), partial response in 23/32 (72%) and complete response in 1/32 (3%) treatments. In total, 30 pre-TKI PET/CTs (24 ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CTs, 6 ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CTs) were performed. Pre-TKI ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CTs did not correlate with TKI treatment response. In the ¹⁸F-FDG cohort, high MTV and TLA correlated with a better structural response (p < 0.001) and high SUVmean correlated with a longer time to reach optimal response (p = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a small cohort of MTC patients, MTV and TLA on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were associated with the structural response of TKI treatment, suggesting their potential utility in identifying patients who are likely to respond significantly. In contrast, TKI response showed no correlation with uptake on ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":39048,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}