Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Associations of type and intensity of social participation with depression, self-rated health, and life satisfaction among community-dwelling older adults in the Republic of Korea: a nationwide cross-sectional study.","authors":"Myo-Gyeong Kim, Sookja Choi","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0039","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social activities are important and influential factors for healthy aging. However, limited information is available regarding the associations of the type and intensity of social participation with health and well-being. This study aimed to investigate how various types of social activities are associated with several dimensions of health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Seventh Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which included 5,526 adults aged 60 years and older. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to analyze the associations of social activities with depression, self-rated health, and life satisfaction. Additionally, subgroup analyses by sex and age were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, 73.5% reported involvement in at least 1 of the 4 types of social engagement. After adjustment for all covariates, individuals who participated in any social activity reported better self-rated health and higher life satisfaction compared to those who did not participate. However, the intensity of engagement in different social activities had varying impacts on subjective health outcomes. An increased level of participation was associated with a lower rate of depression and improved self-rated health. However, no significant differences were observed in the relationship between the intensity of participation in activities (with the exception of alumni societies or family councils) and life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that to improve their health, older adults in the Republic of Korea should not only engage in social activities but also do so actively and regularly.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"451-460"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which infectious diseases are currently posing problems in the Republic of Korea? One out of every two tuberculosis patients is over 65 years old.","authors":"Jong-Koo Lee","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0301","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":"15 5","pages":"383-384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral therapy program in stroke patients in the Republic of Korea: a mixed-methods study.","authors":"So-Eun Choi, Deok-Ju Kim","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0116","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to explore the effects of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program on stroke patients, as well as their experiences participating in the program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a mixed-methods design, integrating qualitative case studies with quantitative analysis. We included 20 stroke patients, randomly divided into 2 groups of 10 each: an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group underwent a CBT program comprising 20 sessions, in addition to receiving general occupational therapy. Conversely, the control group participated in meditation relaxation sessions alongside their general occupational therapy. Both interventions were administered daily for 60 minutes, 5 days a week, over a 4-week period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and rehabilitation motivation (p<0.01, p<0.05). In contrast, the control group only demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety (p<0.05). A comparison of the changes between the 2 groups showed significant differences in depression and anxiety (p<0.01), but no significant differences in self-efficacy and rehabilitation motivation (p>0.05). In-depth interviews with 10 participants from the experimental group were conducted and analyzed, revealing 4 core themes: \"psychological stability,\" \"physical symptom relief,\" \"altered daily routines,\" and \"challenges and hopes for change.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that CBT programs may serve as a valuable intervention, offering psychological support and rehabilitation for stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":"15 5","pages":"461-475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characteristics of drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates based on treatment duration.","authors":"Eon-Min Ko, Jinsoo Min, Hyungjun Kim, Ji-A Jeong, Sungkyoung Lee, Seonghan Kim","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0101","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, we performed comparative genomic and transcriptomic analysis of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis collected from patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB). The clinical isolates were categorized based on treatment duration: standard 6 months or >6 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study participants were recruited from a 2016 to 2018 tuberculosis cohort, and clinical M. tuberculosis isolates were collected from the sputum of patients with tuberculosis. We analyzed the genome and transcriptome of the isolated M. tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genomic analysis revealed a specific non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in pe_pgrs9 and ppe34, exclusive to the group treated for >6 months. Transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of various virulence-associated protein family genes and decreased expression of ribosomal protein genes and ppe38 genes in the group treated for >6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The identified genetic variation and gene expression patterns may influence treatment outcomes by modulating host immune responses, increasing virulence, and potentially contributing to persister cell formation in M. tuberculosis. This study provides insights into the genetic and transcriptomic factors associated with prolonged DS-TB treatment. However, our study identified molecular characteristics using a small sample size, and further detailed studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":"15 5","pages":"385-394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative safety of monovalent and bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccines in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in the Republic of Korea.","authors":"Mijeong Ko, Seontae Kim, Seok-Kyoung Choi, Seung Hwan Shin, Yeon-Kyeng Lee, Yunhyung Kwon","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0081","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study analyzed the safety of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) bivalent and monovalent booster vaccines, including the frequency of adverse events (AEs) such as myocarditis and pericarditis, in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in the Republic of Korea. We aimed to share the safety profile of the COVID-19 bivalent vaccine booster doses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the frequencies of AEs reported to the COVID-19 vaccination management system (CVMS) or self-reported through the text message survey (TMS). Diagnostic eligibility and causality with vaccines were compared using odds ratios (ORs) by vaccine type, and incidence rates per 100,000 person-days were calculated for confirmed cases of myocarditis and pericarditis following monovalent and bivalent booster doses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the CVMS, the AE reporting rate (per 100,000 doses) was lower after the bivalent booster (66.5) than after the monovalent booster (264.6). Among the AEs reported for both monovalent and bivalent vaccines 98.3% were non-serious and 1.7% were serious. According to the TMS, both local and systemic AEs were reported less frequently after the bivalent vaccination than after the monovalent vaccination in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (p<0.001). The incidence rates per 100,000 person-days for confirmed myocarditis/pericarditis following monovalent and bivalent booster doses were 0.03 and 0.05, respectively; this difference was not statistically significant (OR, 1.797; 95% confidence interval, 0.210-15.386).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AEs in 12- to 17-year-olds following the bivalent booster were less frequent than those following the monovalent booster in the Republic of Korea, and no major safety issues were identified. However, the reporting rates for AEs were low.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"364-374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying risk factors for COVID-19 cluster infections in schools in the Republic of Korea: a case-control study.","authors":"Jihyun Choi, Seongju Choi, Baigu Lee, Young-Joon Park, Sang Eun Lee","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0351","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No study has yet analyzed risk factors to determine whether students with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections may affect students at neighboring schools. Therefore, this study aimed to determine risk factors for COVID-19 transmission among schools within a community in the Republic of Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An epidemiological investigation was conducted among 696 students and school staff members at 3 schools where COVID-19 clusters began on October 15, 2021. Interviews, visit history surveys, a facility risk assessment, and closed-circuit television were used to identify risk factors. The statistical significance of risk factors was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We confirmed 129 cases (18.5%) among the individuals exposed to COVID-19 at the 3 schools, many of whom had a history of visiting the same multi-use facilities. The odds ratio of having visited multi-use facilities such as karaoke rooms was 1.90 (95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.50); the number of visits to a karaoke room and the visit durations were significantly higher among confirmed cases than non-confirmed cases (p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Having a history of visiting karaoke rooms often and spending a long time there were risk factors for COVID-19 infection and inter-school transmission. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the status of multi-use facilities frequently visited by adolescents and consider incorporating them into the scope of school quarantine to prevent infectious diseases at schools in a community.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"375-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on human immunodeficiency virus tests, new diagnoses, and healthcare visits in the Republic of Korea: a retrospective study from 2016 to 2021.","authors":"Yeonju Kim, Eonjoo Park, Yoonhee Jung, Koun Kim, Taeyoung Kim, Hwa Su Kim","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0123","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Public health workers have been at the forefront of treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and managing the pandemic. The redeployment of this workforce has limited or interrupted other public health services, including testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study aims to examine the impact of COVID-19 on HIV testing and diagnosis in the Republic of Korea from 2016 to 2021, comparing data before and after the onset of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Annual HIV testing data were collected from each institution through direct communication or from open-source databases. The annual number of new HIV cases was obtained from the official report of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Data on healthcare visits for HIV diagnosis or treatment were extracted from the open-source database of the National Insurance Health Service of Korea. Interrupted time series regression was conducted, stratified by institution type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2020, HIV tests, diagnoses, and visits decreased. Notably, public health centers experienced a substantial reduction in 2020-2021 compared to previous years. The annual percentage change in HIV tests was -53.0%, while for HIV diagnoses, it was -31.6%. The decrease in visits for HIV was also most pronounced for public facilities: -33.3% in 2020 and -45.6% in 2021 relative to 2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The numbers of tests, diagnoses, and healthcare visits for HIV at public health centers in the Republic of Korea substantially decreased in 2020 and 2021. The impacts of these changes on the early diagnosis and treatment of HIV necessitate further monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"340-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious disease research in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations region: a scientometric analysis.","authors":"Joseph Christian Obnial, Catherine Joy Escuadra, Adriana Viola Miranda, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno Iii","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0058","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study compared the research output of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries to understand research trends and clarify past, present, and future patterns using scientometric techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scientometric study systematically mined health and social science publications from the Web of Science and Scopus databases using keywords associated with infectious disease. The analysis included only English-language articles and review articles by authors from any ASEAN country. Publication, citation, and text co-occurrence network analyses were performed. R Studio and VOSviewer enabled data management, analysis, and visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Searches identified 12,511 articles published between 1925 and 2022, with a notable increase in research publications since 2003. The leading journals on infectious disease were associated with established publishing houses, including BMC, BMJ, and The Lancet. The most-cited articles were primarily global burden of disease studies, with 7,367 citations. Among ASEAN countries, Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore had the most publications and collaborative efforts on the topic. Analysis of keyword co-occurrence revealed clusters related to global health, dengue, bacterial studies, non-dengue viral topics, and diagnostics. Most early studies examined diagnostics, gene and sequencing methodologies, and virology; later, the focus shifted toward herbal and alternative medicine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recently, the research capacity of Southeast Asia has expanded dramatically, with substantial contributions from high-income countries. Intense cooperation between member states is essential, emphasizing the role of HICs in supporting their neighbors. Increased research efforts and collaboration must be dedicated to innovative approaches to combat persistent health conditions, along with emerging issues like climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"329-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemics: past, present, and future: multitasking challenges in need of cross-disciplinary, transdisciplinary, and multidisciplinary collaborative solutions.","authors":"Amir Khorram-Manesh, Frederick Martin Burkle, Krzysztof Goniewicz","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0372","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The extensive history of pandemics has spanned many centuries, profoundly impacting societies, economies, and public health, and thereby shaping the course of history in various ways. Advances in medicine, science, and public health practices have played a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of pandemics over time. This review explores the scientific landscape of contemporary pandemics, examining their diverse and complex nature. It goes beyond the biological aspects of pandemics to consider socioeconomic, environmental, and technological factors. Through a scientific lens, this study aims to understand the complexities of pandemics and contribute to the expanding knowledge base that helps humanity strengthen its defenses against global health threats. By elucidating the enigmas of pandemics, the study hopes to foster a more resilient and prepared global health environment. Highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, and transdisciplinary approach, this exploration emphasizes the critical need to integrate biological, socioeconomic, environmental, and technological domains to develop more robust defenses against these global health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"267-285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the acute hepatitis B surveillance system in the Republic of Korea following the transition to mandatory surveillance.","authors":"Jaehwa Chung, Jeonghee Yu, Myeongeun Cheon, Sangwoo Tak","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0083","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of hepatitis B in the Republic of Korea has declined, yet the disease burden persists. After various changes in targets and methods, the national hepatitis B surveillance system now exclusively monitors acute cases. We aimed to assess the alignment of this system with its intended purpose and to recommend improvements supporting the national strategic plan for viral hepatitis management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study assessed acute hepatitis B cases reported to the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency's mandatory surveillance system over a 10-year period (2013-2022). It evaluated 5 factors from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems: simplicity, positive predictive value, data quality, timeliness, and usefulness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nonspecific nature of acute hepatitis B symptoms, along with the complexity of diagnostic criteria, indicated a high potential for misreporting. The surveillance system demonstrated a high positive predictive value (94.4%), with data quality and timeliness also rated high. However, data following the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic indicate the need for improvement. Moreover, given the relative importance of specific characteristics of chronic infectious diseases, only limited interventions are implementable through the current surveillance system.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evaluation of the Republic of Korea's acute hepatitis B surveillance system revealed high positive predictive value, data quality, and timeliness. However, improvements can be made in the misreporting of chronic cases and the system's usefulness. More accurate reflection of the characteristics of acute hepatitis B cases is essential for better management of viral hepatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"353-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}