Fahad Ali Mangrio, Penpaktr Uthis, Suwimon Rojnawee, Alicia K Matthews
{"title":"Effectiveness of non-pharmacological school-based therapies for cigarette smoking cessation among adolescents in South and Southeast Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Fahad Ali Mangrio, Penpaktr Uthis, Suwimon Rojnawee, Alicia K Matthews","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0320","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies delivered through school-based interventions for smoking cessation among adolescents in South and Southeast Asian countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, BioMed Central, the Cochrane Library, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global from inception to October 2024. Eligible studies comprised randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that compared non-pharmacological smoking cessation interventions delivered in schools or other educational institutions. Data on smoking abstinence outcomes were extracted from published studies, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model via the Mantel-Haenszel estimator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies involving 1,260 participants were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that non-pharmacological school-based therapies significantly increased smoking abstinence compared to controls (OR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.83-4.40; p<0.001. Subgroup analyzes revealed benefits across both randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies with varying abstinence rates. Studies utilizing biochemical verification showed significant positive effects despite substantial heterogeneity, and short-term (<3 months) abstinence was significantly higher in intervention groups compared to controls. Overall, no differences were found between subgroups regarding intervention effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis indicates that non-pharmacological school-based interventions positively impact smoking abstinence rates, although effectiveness may vary based on study design, follow-up duration, and use of biochemical verification. The findings underscore the need for further research with larger sample sizes, extended follow-up periods, and improved methodological rigor in these regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"195-210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mi Yu, Eun Kyoung Kim, Kyungnam Kim, Jin Lee, Jin Hwan Jeon, Soyeon Kim, Sangwon Lee, Yunhyung Kwon
{"title":"Development and evaluation of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency's scenario-based training program for effective response to emerging infectious disease outbreaks.","authors":"Mi Yu, Eun Kyoung Kim, Kyungnam Kim, Jin Lee, Jin Hwan Jeon, Soyeon Kim, Sangwon Lee, Yunhyung Kwon","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to strengthen the core capabilities of epidemiological investigation and response teams (ERTs) at the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, drawing on lessons learned from the Middle East respiratory syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019 pandemics. The primary objectives were to facilitate rapid and accurate data collection and analysis, improve communication skills, and simulate real-world on-site responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The training program was developed using a scenario involving a novel infectious disease from the World Health Organization priority list entering a community. ERTs collected and analyzed epidemiological data and implemented control measures as they addressed the missions of the scenario. Improvement in competencies was assessed through self-evaluation surveys completed before and after training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 49 participants, including disease control officers, epidemic intelligence officers, researchers, and administrative officials, attended the training. Participant satisfaction with the training was high, scoring 6.4 out of 7, and the improvement in competency was statistically significant (pre-training score, 5.2; post-training score, 6.2; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scenario-based training can effectively enhance the capabilities of ERTs. Such training is essential, as emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases can exhibit unpredictable spread and potentially severe impacts. Therefore, developing diverse scenarios and conducting regular training sessions are necessary to improve the capacities of ERTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of medication adherence in Moroccan patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study.","authors":"Maryem Arraji, Nadia Al Wachami, Younes Iderdar, Fatima Zahra Bouchachi, Karima Boumendil, Mohamed Chahboune","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of medication adherence and its determinants among Moroccan patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to June 2024, involving 584 patients from the Casablanca-Settat and Rabat-Sale-Kenitra regions of Morocco. Medication adherence was assessed using the general medication adherence scale. Associations between independent variables and adherence were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Medication adherence was observed in 96.2% of participants. Multivariate analysis revealed significantly lower medication adherence among patients using 2 or more oral antidiabetic drugs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.026; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.001-0.642; p=0.026) and those with a diabetes duration of 11 to 15 years (aOR, 0.037; 95% CI, 0.001-0.956; p=0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite a high overall adherence rate, patients on dual or polytherapy and those with longer disease duration exhibited lower adherence in multivariate analysis. Targeted interventions are needed to improve adherence in these high-risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mona Gamal Mohamed, Eman Abdelaziz Ahmed Dabou, Fatma M Ibrahim, Shimaa Abd Elsamed Abdsalam, Jibin Kunjavara, Kamaruddeen Mannethodi, Moayad Ahmad Wishah, Abdullah Y Shihab, Khaled Mohammed Al-Sayaghi, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Mohammed Musaed Al-Jabri
{"title":"Assessment of healthcare workers' knowledge and attitudes toward mpox and acceptance of its vaccine: a health belief model-based analysis in the Gulf region.","authors":"Mona Gamal Mohamed, Eman Abdelaziz Ahmed Dabou, Fatma M Ibrahim, Shimaa Abd Elsamed Abdsalam, Jibin Kunjavara, Kamaruddeen Mannethodi, Moayad Ahmad Wishah, Abdullah Y Shihab, Khaled Mohammed Al-Sayaghi, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Mohammed Musaed Al-Jabri","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to (1) assess healthcare workers' (HCWs) knowledge and attitudes toward mpox across 3 Gulf countries, and (2) examine factors influencing their acceptance of the mpox vaccine using the health belief model (HBM). This model evaluated perceptions related to susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Additionally, the study explored the impact of prior coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination history on mpox vaccine acceptance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 764 HCWs from the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Saudi Arabia, and Qatar. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire based on HBM constructs. Logistic regression and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze predictors of vaccine acceptance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Knowledge levels varied across the countries, with the highest proportion of good knowledge reported in the UAE (59%). UAE HCWs also demonstrated higher perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and intention to vaccinate compared to those in Saudi Arabia and Qatar (p<0.001). Receiving 4 doses of the COVID-19 vaccine was associated with greater acceptance of the mpox vaccine. Among the HBM constructs, perceived benefits and self-efficacy were identified as the strongest predictors of vaccine acceptance. Perceived barriers, such as fear of side effects and concerns about vaccine safety, were more prominent among HCWs in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HBM effectively explains the factors influencing mpox vaccine acceptance among Gulf HCWs. Targeted interventions that improve perceived benefits, reduce barriers, and improve self-efficacy may facilitate greater vaccine uptake and preparedness for emerging infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dea P Audina, Rachel S Aritonang, Muhammad I Mokoagow
{"title":"Risk of tuberculosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the tuberculosis predictive index score: a case-control study in Indonesia.","authors":"Dea P Audina, Rachel S Aritonang, Muhammad I Mokoagow","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The co-occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus presents a significant global health challenge, marked by a bidirectional relationship. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the tuberculosis predictive index (TPI) score, developed by Isfandiari et al., in predicting TB occurrence among individuals living with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted using primary data collected through questionnaires administered to individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with and without pulmonary TB, at the internal medicine outpatient clinic of Fatmawati General Hospital from June to August 2024. The study compared TPI scores between those with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had TB and those who did not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TPI scores were significantly associated with TB risk. Individuals with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and TB had a 6.8-fold higher risk (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6-17.6; p<0.001) than those without TB. Further chi-square analysis identified three significant risk factors: individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibiting TB-like symptoms had a 13.3-fold increased TB risk (95% CI, 5.1-34.3; p<0.001); those with a body mass index below 18.5 kg/m² had a 3.3-fold higher risk (95% CI, 1.0-11.0; p=0.039); and those living in poorly ventilated homes (ventilation ≤10%) had a 3.2-fold higher risk (95% CI, 1.0-9.8; p=0.035).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus who developed TB had significantly higher TPI scores, corresponding to a 6.8-fold increased risk compared to their counterparts without TB. The TPI score may serve as a valuable tool for predicting TB risk among populations living with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haneul Jung, Bo Gyeong Han, Hyun-Il Shin, Myoung-Ro Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Hee-Il Lee
{"title":"Genetic diversity and spatiotemporal population structure of Anopheles sinensis in the Republic of Korea based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) marker.","authors":"Haneul Jung, Bo Gyeong Han, Hyun-Il Shin, Myoung-Ro Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Hee-Il Lee","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Anopheles sinensis is a predominant malaria vector found throughout the Republic of Korea (ROK). Population genetic analysis can provide insights into the origins and migration patterns of malaria vectors by assessing genetic variation and distribution among populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we examined the population genetic structure of An. sinensis in the ROK using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) marker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 903 specimens of An. sinensis were collected from 9 sampling regions, including malaria-endemic and non-endemic areas. All populations displayed characteristics typical of migrant populations, with high haplotype diversity (Hd) and low nucleotide diversity (Pi). Network analysis identified 124 haplotypes grouped into 2 clusters. Both clusters included haplotypes from malaria-endemic and non-endemic areas. Cluster I shared its most recent common ancestry with Chinese reference sequences, while cluster II had related with Japanese reference sequences. Pairwise genetic distance (FST) analysis indicated generally low genetic differentiation among populations. Furthermore, FST values tended to increase proportionally with geographical distance between regions. Analysis of molecular variance confirmed that individual mosquitoes within the population had a large effect on the overall variation. Neutrality tests using 4 methods (Tajima's D, Fu's Fs, Fu and Li's D, and Fu and Li's F) yielded negative values, suggesting that An. sinensis populations are expanding in all studied regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study characterizes the genetic attributes of An. sinensis in the ROK, providing valuable insights into the biology of this important malaria vector and contributing useful data for malaria control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Republic of Korea's health system at a turning point: from infectious disease threats to comprehensive reform.","authors":"Jong-Koo Lee","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0235","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":"16 3","pages":"193-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji-Yeon Lee, Seong Wook Pyo, Jieun Kim, Young-Joon Park
{"title":"First report of human Mycobacterium bovis infection in a veterinary laboratory worker in the Republic of Korea.","authors":"Ji-Yeon Lee, Seong Wook Pyo, Jieun Kim, Young-Joon Park","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0343","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the Republic of Korea, the previous surveillance system for zoonotic tuberculosis (TB) involved the X-ray testing of humans in contact with Mycobacterium bovis-infected livestock. In contrast, the updated surveillance system incorporates the genotyping of cultured Mycobacterium isolates for high-risk occupational groups. This study aimed to systematically document the detection, diagnosis, assessment, and response in the epidemic investigation of zoonotic TB in a laboratory worker in the Republic of Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>M. bovis was confirmed using spoligotyping and whole genome sequencing. Clinical characteristics were reviewed through epidemiological investigation and interviews with the affected individual. Transmission routes and secondary spread were assessed via field epidemiological investigations and contact evaluations using chest X-ray and interferon gamma release assay for latent TB infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 56-year-old laboratory worker presented with chest X-ray findings compatible with TB and subsequently tested positive for M. bovis. She had no clinical or family history of TB and remained asymptomatic. She completed a 6 month treatment regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide without hospitalization. Although no direct transmission pathways for zoonotic TB were identified, her work in a laboratory, processing specimens for zoonotic TB, indicated potential laboratory related exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case underscores the importance of stringent use of personal protective equipment among high-risk occupational groups and the implementation of an enhanced surveillance system to report zoonotic TB. These findings highlight the need for a One Health approach and proactive surveillance, emphasizing the necessity of refining and strengthening surveillance systems for precise monitoring and an effective response.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"292-299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of vitamin D and the VDR gene polymorphism in sepsis risk and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Wiwi Jaya, Sumarno Reto Prawiro, Hani Susianti, Aswoco Andyk Asmoro","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0006","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D regulates immune function, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Its deficiency is linked to sepsis, although the causal relationship remains unclear. Studies suggest a strong correlation between FokI polymorphism and sepsis in the context of vitamin D deficiency. This study examined the association between vitamin D levels, the VDR FokI polymorphism, and sepsis risk through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant articles from 2014-2024 were identified from various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the difference in vitamin D levels between the sepsis and control groups, as well as the relationship between VDR FokI genotypes (TT, CT, CC) and sepsis risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin D levels in sepsis patients were consistently lower than in the control group, with a mean difference of -4.17 ng/mL (95% confidence interval, -7.87 to -0.47; p=0.03). However, the relationship between VDR FokI genotype and sepsis risk was not statistically significant (p>0.05), although several individual studies showed a positive correlation. High heterogeneity was found in the analysis of vitamin D levels (I2=100%) and FokI genotypes (I2=91%), which affected the interpretation of the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is a potential risk factor for sepsis, while the relationship between the VDR FokI polymorphism and sepsis risk requires further investigation. These findings highlight the importance of early detection of vitamin D deficiency as a preventive strategy in at-risk populations, although additional studies with more standardized designs are needed to definitively confirm this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"211-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Standardizing the approach to clinical-based human microbiome research: from clinical information collection to microbiome profiling and human resource utilization.","authors":"Jung Wook Kim, Eun Chae Choi, Kwang Jun Lee","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0319","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study presents the standardized protocols developed by the Clinical-Based Human Microbiome Research and Development Project (cHMP) in the Republic of Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It addresses clinical metadata collection, specimen handling, DNA extraction, sequencing methods, and quality control measures for microbiome research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cHMP involves collecting samples from healthy individuals and patients across various body sites, including the gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, respiratory system, urogenital tract, and skin. These standardized procedures ensure consistent data quality through controlled specimen collection, storage, transportation, DNA extraction, and sequencing. Sequencing encompasses both amplicon and whole metagenome methods, followed by stringent quality checks. The protocols conform to international guidelines, ensuring that the data generated are both reliable and comparable across microbiome studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The cHMP underscores the importance of methodological standardization in enhancing data integrity, reproducibility, and advancing microbiome-based research with potential applications for improving human health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"300-307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}