Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives最新文献

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Rethinking mpox: epidemiology, clinical variants, diagnosis, and response. 重新思考痘:流行病学、临床变异、诊断和反应。
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-27 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0402
Renu Thakur, Devendra Pratap Singh Rajput, Nikunj Rajkumar Agrawal, Abhimanyu Agrawal
{"title":"Rethinking mpox: epidemiology, clinical variants, diagnosis, and response.","authors":"Renu Thakur, Devendra Pratap Singh Rajput, Nikunj Rajkumar Agrawal, Abhimanyu Agrawal","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0402","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monkeypox disease, now commonly referred to as mpox, was once considered a geographically restricted zoonotic disease but has emerged as a global public health concern. The 2022 multinational outbreak marked a turning point, with notable shifts in transmission dynamics, affected populations, and clinical manifestations. Classical cases typically involve fever, lymphadenopathy, and a centrifugal vesiculopustular rash; however, recent outbreaks have revealed atypical presentations, including genital and perianal lesions, minimal or absent prodromal symptoms, and asynchronous rash evolution. These variations have complicated early clinical recognition and may contribute to delayed diagnosis and onward transmission. This review synthesizes current evidence on the evolving epidemiology of mpox, highlights differences between endemic and non-endemic outbreaks, and describes the full spectrum of typical and atypical clinical features. It also assesses diagnostic approaches, including molecular and point-of-care techniques, and evaluates the efficacy and limitations of current and emerging vaccines, such as JYNNEOS and ACAM2000. Future priorities include improving global surveillance, refining case definitions, expanding diagnostic access, and ensuring equitable vaccine distribution. Understanding the expanding clinical and epidemiological profile of mpox is essential for timely diagnosis, containment, and preparedness against future outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"290-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148057492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association between ambient temperature and blood pressure in hypertensive adults in Bogor City, Indonesia: a 6-year longitudinal cohort study. 印度尼西亚茂物市高血压成人环境温度与血压的关系:一项为期6年的纵向队列研究。
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-14 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0226
Puti Sari Hidayangsih, Woro Riyadina, Ika Dharmayanti, Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara, Ning Sulistiyowati, Noor Edi Widya Sukoco, Yuda Turana
{"title":"Association between ambient temperature and blood pressure in hypertensive adults in Bogor City, Indonesia: a 6-year longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Puti Sari Hidayangsih, Woro Riyadina, Ika Dharmayanti, Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara, Ning Sulistiyowati, Noor Edi Widya Sukoco, Yuda Turana","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0226","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate variability, particularly ambient air temperature, is an emerging environmental determinant of blood pressure (BP); however, evidence from tropical lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) remains limited. We examined associations between monthly average ambient temperature with systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) among adults in Bogor City, Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal cohort analysis used secondary data collected between 2011 and 2018 from 1,648 participants with repeated BP measurements (19 assessments over 6 years). Average ambient temperature data were matched to the month of BP measurement. Generalized estimating equations models were used to assess the association between temperature and BP after adjustment for age, sex, education, and socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean ambient temperature ranged from 24.6 °C to 28.9 °C. SBP varied more than DBP and tended to increase as ambient temperature decreased. The overall main effect of temperature on BP was not statistically significant. However, several visit-specific temperature-time interactions were negative and significant, suggesting inverse patterns between lower temperatures and higher SBP or DBP. Marginal effects plots demonstrated time-varying associations, with predicted SBP and DBP differences of approximately -4 to + 3 mmHg across follow-up visits at representative temperatures. Socioeconomic status and education were associated with SBP, whereas age and female sex were associated with DBP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Temperature variations were associated with time-varying BP changes among adults with hypertension in Bogor City during 2011-2018. Although the main temperature effect was non-significant, temperature-time interactions suggested modest inverse patterns within clinically plausible ranges. These findings support the need for updated, multi-site studies in tropical LMIC settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"326-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147942649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dengue vaccine: a hidden risk to Aedes aegypti control in Brazil. 登革热疫苗:巴西控制埃及伊蚊的潜在风险。
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0544
Halison Correia Golias
{"title":"Dengue vaccine: a hidden risk to Aedes aegypti control in Brazil.","authors":"Halison Correia Golias","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0544","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"322-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Burden and trends of mental disorders in Vietnam, 1990-2023: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. 1990-2023年越南精神疾病的负担和趋势:来自2023年全球疾病负担研究的见解
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0101
Thanh Hoa Tran, Ngoc Thi Nhu Hoang
{"title":"Burden and trends of mental disorders in Vietnam, 1990-2023: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.","authors":"Thanh Hoa Tran, Ngoc Thi Nhu Hoang","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0101","DOIUrl":"10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated the epidemiological burden and temporal trends of mental disorders in Vietnam from 1990 to 2023 and projected the future burden through 2040.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 data were used to analyze the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate (ASDAR) by age, sex, and diagnostic subtype. Temporal trends were quantified using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), and Pearson correlation analysis examined associations with Vietnam's human development index (HDI). Bayesian structural time series (BSTS) models were used to forecast the burden through 2040.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, approximately 9.1 million individuals in Vietnam had mental disorders, with 2.94 million annual incident cases and 1.41 million disability-adjusted life-years. Depressive disorders ranked highest across all metrics, and females consistently had higher agestandardized rates than males. Age-standardized rates increased significantly from 1990 to 2023: ASIR, 1.10% EAPC (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87%-1.33%); ASPR, 0.27% EAPC (95% CI, 0.21%-0.33%); and ASDAR, 0.52% EAPC (95% CI, 0.46%-0.58%). Mental disorder burden was strongly positively correlated with HDI (r =0.773-0.909, all p<0.001). BSTS models projected continued increases through 2040 (ASPR, 9,003.75; ASIR, 3,307.11; ASDAR, 1,408.05 per 100,000 population).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mental disorders constitute an escalating public health challenge in Vietnam, with the burden increasing steadily over 3 decades and projected to continue rising through 2040. Reorientation toward an integrated, community-based care model, alongside targeted workforce expansion and systematic integration of mental health services into primary care, is essential to mitigate this growing burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"337-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148303414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Systematic review of emerging environmental contaminants: sources, environmental fate, and impacts. 系统回顾新出现的环境污染物:来源、环境命运和影响。
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-07-28 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0041
Abdulwasiu Olawale Salaudeen, Yemisi Ajoke Olawore, Hajara Yakubu, Habeeb Abdulkadiri, Emmanuel Ibukun Aduloju
{"title":"Systematic review of emerging environmental contaminants: sources, environmental fate, and impacts.","authors":"Abdulwasiu Olawale Salaudeen, Yemisi Ajoke Olawore, Hajara Yakubu, Habeeb Abdulkadiri, Emmanuel Ibukun Aduloju","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review aimed to synthesize recent advances in the understanding of emerging contaminants (ECs), including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, microplastics and nanoplastics, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and engineered nanomaterials. It critically assessed their sources, environmental pathways, transformation mechanisms, and ecological and human health impacts, while identifying knowledge gaps and future research priorities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework. Peer-reviewed research articles and critical reviews were retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Emphasis was placed on studies that used advanced analytical techniques, including high-resolution mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and biosensor-based detection methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that ECs are characterized by high environmental persistence, complex transformation pathways, bioaccumulation, and trophic transfer potential. Reported impacts included endocrine disruption, genotoxicity, antimicrobial resistance, and ecological imbalance. Across global environmental compartments, these pollutants pose long-term risks to ecosystems and human health. Their distinctive partitioning behavior and environmental persistence challenge standard ecological assessment frameworks and underscore the need for comprehensive toxicological evaluations and robust regulatory oversight to mitigate long-term biological accumulation and adverse physiological effects in aquatic and terrestrial wildlife.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights the urgent need for improved regulatory frameworks, standardized monitoring approaches, and sustainable remediation strategies for ECs. By integrating advanced analytical methods, computational tools, and circular economy principles, the review provides a timely contribution to environmental science and policy and supports informed decision-making for environmental protection and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Urinary metabolites of volatile organic compounds as biomarkers of indoor exposure: evidence of sex differences in a cross-sectional study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 挥发性有机化合物的尿液代谢物作为室内暴露的生物标志物:使用韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的横断面研究中的性别差异证据。
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-07-28 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0419
Saerom Kim, Yusra Mirghani, Heejoon Kim, Seung-Ah Choe
{"title":"Urinary metabolites of volatile organic compounds as biomarkers of indoor exposure: evidence of sex differences in a cross-sectional study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Saerom Kim, Yusra Mirghani, Heejoon Kim, Seung-Ah Choe","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined associations between indoor total volatile organic compound (TVOC) concentrations and urinary volatile organic compound (VOC) metabolites in Korean adults, focusing on potential sex-specific differences. We hypothesized that higher indoor TVOC exposure would be associated with higher urinary VOC metabolite concentrations and that these associations would differ by sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the 2020-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which included the Republic of Korea's first population-based indoor air quality survey. The analysis included 1,859 adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the indoor air quality survey from July 2020 to August 2021. Indoor TVOC concentrations (µg/m³) were measured using standardized protocols. Nine urinary VOC metabolites were quantified, creatinine-adjusted, and log-transformed. Multivariable linear regression, sex-stratified analyses, and subgroup analyses among unemployed adults were performed to reduce potential confounding from occupational exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Indoor TVOC concentrations were positively associated with urinary 2-methylhippuric acid (2-MHA; β=0.041; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.029-0.052) and 3,4-MHA (β=0.040; 95% CI, 0.027-0.052), with no evident sex difference in the overall sample. However, among unemployed adults, sex-by-TVOC interaction terms were statistically significant for both metabolites, and associations were stronger in males for both 2-MHA (β=0.110 vs. 0.024) and 3,4-MHA (β=0.130 vs. 0.031) than in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Indoor TVOC concentrations were associated with urinary VOC metabolites, particularly 2-MHA and 3,4-MHA. These findings support considering sex-specific patterns in VOC-related risk assessment and indoor air quality surveillance, interventions, and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mapping rehabilitation interventions for long COVID and post-viral syndromes: a bibliometric and thematic analysis of PubMed-indexed literature, 2020-2025. 绘制长期COVID和病毒后综合征的康复干预措施:pubmed索引文献的文献计量学和专题分析,2020-2025
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0338
Madhusmita Koch
{"title":"Mapping rehabilitation interventions for long COVID and post-viral syndromes: a bibliometric and thematic analysis of PubMed-indexed literature, 2020-2025.","authors":"Madhusmita Koch","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The health care community has moved from emergency response models to sustained recovery models for the rehabilitation of post-acute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, commonly referred to as long COVID. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive bibliometric visualization and thematic analysis of global research output from 2020 to 2025 on rehabilitation interventions for long COVID and related post-viral disorders. The PubMed database was systematically searched to retrieve bibliometric records. VOSviewer and Biblioshiny were used to conduct a multidimensional analysis. Key metrics included annual scientific production, Lotka's law for author productivity, Bradford's law for core source identification, and country collaboration mapping. The life-cycle model (R2=0.929) indicated that the field evolved in a predictable pattern, with continuous and accelerated development. However, the projected stabilization should be interpreted as a description of initial growth rather than as definitive evidence of disciplinary maturity. Scientific output in this area increased sharply and peaked in 2024. Thematic visualization identified 3 broad thematic groupings. Lotka's law indicated a dispersed and fragmented research community, with approximately 90% of authors contributing only 1 document. Physiotherapy research for long COVID has shifted from early pulmonary-centered approaches toward more interdisciplinary models focused on cognitive health and fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genomic insight into a festival-linked foodborne outbreak caused by enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus ST1-t321 in the Republic of Korea. 对韩国由产肠毒素金黄色葡萄球菌ST1-t321引起的节日相关食源性暴发的基因组分析
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0022
Yu-Jin Park, Joohyun Han, Wooju Kang, Yeongeun Seo, Mooneui Hong, Soo Young Lee, Jaeil Yoo, Junyoung Kim, Eunkyung Shin
{"title":"Genomic insight into a festival-linked foodborne outbreak caused by enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus ST1-t321 in the Republic of Korea.","authors":"Yu-Jin Park, Joohyun Han, Wooju Kang, Yeongeun Seo, Mooneui Hong, Soo Young Lee, Jaeil Yoo, Junyoung Kim, Eunkyung Shin","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated a large-scale foodborne outbreak caused by Staphylococcus aureus during a local festival in the Republic of Korea and performed genomic and molecular epidemiological analyses using whole-genome sequencing (WGS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Microbiological identification was performed using clinical, food, and environmental samples. Molecular characterization included pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing, and spa typing. WGS was conducted to evaluate clonal relatedness, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 141 suspected cases and 18 laboratory-confirmed cases were identified, and 24 S. aureus isolates were recovered (18 from patients, 3 from food samples, and 3 from environmental samples). All 17 isolates included in the genomic analysis carried the sea and sec genes and belonged to ST1-t321, with pairwise differences of 8-33 SNPs, supporting a clonal origin. These isolates exhibited a previously unreported PFGE pattern (STAS16.170) in the Republic of Korea. Virulence profiling identified hemolysin genes (hlgA, hlgB, hlgC), leukocidin genes (lukD, lukE), and immune evasion genes (sak, scn). In addition, all isolates were methicillin-susceptible and lacked mecA and mecC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This large-scale foodborne outbreak demonstrated that a single contaminated food source can result in widespread illness during mass gatherings. Genomic analysis clarified the clonal relatedness of the outbreak strains and highlighted the value of genomic surveillance for the early detection and prevention of S. aureus outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Potential features of the next viral pandemic: the role of respiratory transmission. 下一次病毒大流行的潜在特征:呼吸道传播的作用。
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0581
Berjas Abumsimir, Thamer Hamdan
{"title":"Potential features of the next viral pandemic: the role of respiratory transmission.","authors":"Berjas Abumsimir, Thamer Hamdan","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Determining exactly what the next pandemic will be is complex, However, by studying some common characteristics of previous viral pandemics, we can predict the general characteristics of the next pandemic. Here, we will explore next pandemic features, reviewing the past pandemics that have afflicted humanity and the factors that might make one viral pathogen more likely than others to cause a future pandemic. There are many factors that accelerate the occurrence of pandemics, including climate change, intensive human interaction in our modern world, and the threat to natural environments of viral reservoirs. By studying a set of requirements, the most important of which is that the virus be transmitted through respiration and air, and that it be able to be transmitted between humans, as well as its ability to undergo genetic mutations, we have identified a specific set of viruses that could potentially turn into future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental emergence and dissemination of clinically relevant multidrug-resistant bacteria and resistance genes in sewage and aquatic ecosystems. 污水和水生生态系统中临床相关的多重耐药细菌和耐药基因的环境出现和传播。
IF 1.4
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0186
Smita Atara, Komal Antaliya, Nilam Vaghamshi, Ashaka Vansia, Anjana Ghelani, Rajesh Patel, Pravin Dudhagara
{"title":"Environmental emergence and dissemination of clinically relevant multidrug-resistant bacteria and resistance genes in sewage and aquatic ecosystems.","authors":"Smita Atara, Komal Antaliya, Nilam Vaghamshi, Ashaka Vansia, Anjana Ghelani, Rajesh Patel, Pravin Dudhagara","doi":"10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2026.0186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study characterized multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in sewage, river, and marine ecosystems in South Gujarat, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Water samples were collected from 25 hospital drainage, sewage treatment/pumping, Tapi River, and coastal marine sites at multiple time points. From 270 screened colonies, 166 morphologically and biochemically distinct nonduplicate isolates were retained. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed, and isolates were classified as MDR, extensively drug-resistant (XDR), or pan-drug-resistant (PDR). Biofilm formation, metabolic activity, extracellular polymeric substance protein, heavy metal tolerance, extended-spectrum β-lactamase production, carbapenemase production, and metallo-β-lactamase activity were assessed phenotypically. Tapi River estuary water was used for taxonomic profiling and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 166 isolates comprised 45 bacterial species, with clinically significant Gram-negative pathogens predominating, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=24, 14.5%), Ochrobactrum intermedium (n=16, 9.6%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=15, 9.0%), and Escherichia coli (n=12, 7.2%). MDR phenotypes were detected in 80.1% of isolates; 18.1% were XDR, and 1.8% were PDR, with PDR isolates confined to river water samples. Biofilm formation was observed in 86.1% (n=143) of isolates, including 28.3% (n=47) strong, 24.7% (n=41) moderate, and 32.5% (n=54) weak producers. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase production was confirmed in 13.4% of Gram-negative isolates, and carbapenemase activity was detected in 11 isolates. Zinc and copper tolerance were significantly higher in XDR than in MDR isolates (p<0.05). Metagenomics identified efflux pumps as the dominant ARG class (36.2%), followed by target-site mutations (21.3%) and β-lactamases (14.9%), and detected blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-207, gyrA, and parC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These interconnected aquatic systems represent important reservoirs for community-level antimicrobial resistance transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":38949,"journal":{"name":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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