Biotechnology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Engineering Nicotiana benthamiana for production of active cannabinoid synthases via secretory pathway optimization","authors":"Omayra C. Bolaños-Martínez ,&nbsp;Anna Urbanetz ,&nbsp;Daniel Maresch ,&nbsp;Richard Strasser ,&nbsp;Sornkanok Vimolmangkang","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of cannabinoid compounds such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabichromene (CBC) with potential pharmaceutical applications is growing sharply. However, challenges such as the low yield of minor cannabinoids, legal restrictions on cultivation, and the complexity and cost of purification from the Cannabis sativa plant necessitate a biotechnological approach. Since the biosynthetic pathway is disclosed, cannabinoids have been produced in yeast, insect cells and plants mainly by the heterologous expression of tetrahydrocannabinol acid synthase (THCAS). THCAS and cannabidiolic acid synthase (CBDAS) use cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) as a substrate. In this study, we transiently expressed recombinant forms of THCAS and CBDAS in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. Our results demonstrate that efficient expression in the secretory pathway relies on replacing the endogenous signal peptide with a heterologous one. Both proteins were successfully secreted to the apoplast. MS-based analysis of the purified proteins revealed that they are heavily glycosylated with mainly Golgi-processed complex type N-glycans. In planta enzymatic removal of N-glycans indicated that glycosylation plays a role for CBDAS protein folding or stability. Finally, in vitro assays with CBGA showed that the plant-made recombinant CBDAS and THCAS are enzymatically active.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article e00865"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immobilizing calcium-dependent affinity ligand onto iron oxide nanoparticles for mild magnetic mAb separation","authors":"Ines Zimmermann ,&nbsp;Friederike Eilts ,&nbsp;Anna-Sophia Galler ,&nbsp;Jonas Bayer ,&nbsp;Sophia Hober ,&nbsp;Sonja Berensmeier","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is limited in throughput and requires harsh pH conditions for mAb elution from Protein A affinity ligands. The use of an engineered calcium-dependent ligand (Z_Ca) in magnetic separation applications promises improvements due to mild elution conditions, fast processability, and process integration prospects. In this work, we synthesized and evaluated three magnetic nanoparticle types immobilized with the cysteine-tagged ligand Z_Ca-cys. Ligand homodimers were physically immobilized onto bare iron oxide nanoparticles (MNP) and MNP coated with tetraethyl orthosilicate (MNP@TEOS). In contrast, Z_Ca-cys was covalently and more site-directedly immobilized onto MNP coated with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (MNP@GPTMS) via a preferential cysteine-mediated epoxy ring opening reaction. Both coated MNP showed suitable characteristics, with MNP@TEOS@Z_Ca-cys demonstrating larger immunoglobulin G (IgG) capacity (196 mg <em>g</em>⁻¹) and the GPTMS-coated particles showing faster magnetic attraction and higher IgG recovery (88 %). The particles pave the way for the development of calcium-dependent magnetic separation processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article e00864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bee products: An overview of sources, biological activities and advanced approaches used in apitherapy application","authors":"Samia E. El-Didamony ,&nbsp;Hend I.A. Gouda ,&nbsp;Mahmoud M.M. Zidan ,&nbsp;Reham I. Amer","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bee therapy (Apitherapy, Api-treatment, Bee treatment) is a type of biotherapy that uses bees and their products as medicinal or preventative measures to control progression of diseases. In many countries today, apitherapy is a section of complementary and integrative medicine. The aim of this review is to explore the different bee products and their therapeutic potentials.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We searched the literature and then explored and evaluated evidence for bee products’ composition, therapeutic abilities and novel techniques used to enhance their effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data revealed that there are continuous advances in research and clinical trials of bee therapy. A better understanding of the composition of bee products generated great interest in their use for medical treatments. Bee products either collected or synthesized promote healing through reducing inflammation, enhancing circulation, and inducing a healthy immunological response, Furthermore, researchers have developed innovative approaches such as nanoparticles, scaffold, nanofibers, and others to increase the bioavailability of bee products and overcome problems with the traditional use of these products.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Bee therapy is a simple, accessible, and easy-to-use pharmaceutical that is used in conventional medicine and has the potential to treat a variety of diseases. However, further studies are needed to prove its efficacy, and safety. Lack of practice regulations is still an issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential antimicrobial and fruit juice clarification activity of amylase enzyme from Bacillus strains","authors":"Khondoker Moazzem Hossain ,&nbsp;Umama Khan ,&nbsp;S.M. Mahbubur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md. Salauddin Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrolytic enzyme, amylase possesses wide industrial applications and its production from bacterial sources by submerged fermentation is much simplified and economical. The research aimed to characterize amylase-producing bacteria and evaluate their potential for amylase activity regarding antimicrobial and fruit juice clarification. In current study, <em>Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquifaciens, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis</em> and <em>Bacillus paramycoides</em> was identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. After submerged fermentation, amylase activity of bacteria was measured by 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid (DNS) assay. A substantial amount of amylase (423.47 mg/ml) in crude extract was measured by Bradford protein assay. Later, ammonium sulfate (80 %) precipitated partially purified amylase showed 1.6 times enhanced amylase activity (1484.94 U/ml) compared to crude amylase (973.23 U/ml). For highest amylase production, 72 h of optimum fermentation period was recorded at pH 7 with 2 % starch as substrate. Potent thermophilic amylase activity was observed at 65 °C<em>.</em> In apple juice clarification activity of amylase, turbidity of juice was reduced to 54.18 %. Potential antimicrobial property of amylase was detected with largest zone of inhibition against <em>Escherichia coli</em> ATCC 25922 (22.36 mm) and <em>Mucor</em> sp. ATCC 48559 (22.45 mm). Considering promising amylase properties, amylase-producing Bacillus strains from rice mill soil can be fermented for large scale amylase production providing application for industrial purposes including fruit juice clarification and antimicrobial activities. It will also overthrow the requirement of employing expensive and harmful chemicals in fruit juice clarification and combating pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00861"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of host cell proteins in the downstream process of plant-Based biologics using LC-MS profiling","authors":"Chalisa Panapitakkul ,&nbsp;Christine Joy I. Bulaon ,&nbsp;Nuttapat Pisuttinusart ,&nbsp;Waranyoo Phoolcharoen","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Host cell proteins (HCPs) are process-related impurities found in biopharmaceutical products that can impair their safety and efficacy. While ELISA has traditionally been employed to quantify HCPs, LC-MS emerges as a powerful alternative for precise identification of individual HCPs. In this study, we used LC-MS for profiling HCPs from Nicotiana benthamiana-derived biopharmaceuticals. Our approach involved rigorous false discovery rate control to ensure data integrity and reliability. Comprehensive analysis revealed a systematic reduction of HCPs following purification, demonstrating the efficiency of purification processes in removing non-essential proteins. Furthermore, LC-MS enabled the identification of potential contaminants, refining purification strategies and improving product purity and integrity. Our findings highlight the potential of LC-MS as an analytical tool for HCPs analysis in biopharmaceutical development and manufacturing. By providing detailed insights into HCPs profiles and contaminants, LC-MS facilitates informed decision-making in downstream processing steps, benefiting product quality, patient safety, and the biopharmaceutical sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00856"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215017X24000298/pdfft?md5=4367f12e5775aa3fd023f54a2fa29257&pid=1-s2.0-S2215017X24000298-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agrowaste-carbon and carbon-based nanocomposites for endocrine disruptive cationic dyes removal: A critical review","authors":"Adewumi O. Dada ,&nbsp;Adejumoke A. Inyinbor ,&nbsp;Bukola T. Atunwa ,&nbsp;Spandana Gonuguntla ,&nbsp;Olugbenga S. Bello ,&nbsp;Folahan A. Adekola ,&nbsp;Ujjwal Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dyes are considered to be pollutants that pose a considerable worldwide health risk, as they have been discovered as agents that affect the endocrine system. Adsorption is the most commonly used method for removing different substances since it is sustainable, flexible, affordable, and easy to use. Researchers have investigated the usage of agro-waste-based adsorbents that are ecologically friendly for the process of adsorption. This research has emphasized the potential of these adsorbents in developing carbon-based nanocomposites. Improved surface functionalization, great compatibility, and flexibility are beneficial uniqueness of carbon-based nanocomposites as well as a wide variety of applications. As a result, they are highly successful in removing cationic dyes. This paper specifically examines the environmentally friendly usage of activated carbons obtained from agricultural waste and the development of carbon-based-nanocomposites to adsorb positively charged dyes. Additionally, it offers an in-depth investigation of various cationic dyes, operating parameters, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, processes, and thermodynamic investigations. Further research is necessary to determine the effectiveness of carbon-based nanocomposites in removing new endocrine-disrupting pollutants. Additionally, these nanocomposites have the potential to be widely used in treating industrial effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00860"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction and effects of temperature preference under a controlled environment on the diversity and abundance of the microbiome in Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae)","authors":"Daniela Duque-Granda ,&nbsp;Rafael José Vivero-Gómez ,&nbsp;Howard Junca ,&nbsp;Gloria Cadavid-Restrepo ,&nbsp;Claudia Ximena Moreno-Herrera","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Characterization of the temperature effects on the abundance and richness of the microbiota of <em>Lutzomyia longipalpis</em>, insect vector of <em>Leishmania infantum</em> in America, is an aspect of pivotal importance to understand the interactions between temperature, bacteria, and <em>Leishmania</em> infection. We developed and used a customized device with a temperature gradient (21–34 °C) to assess the temperature preferences of wild females of <em>Lu. longipalpis</em> collected in a rural area (Ricaurte, Cundinamarca, Colombia). Each replicate consisted of 50 females exposed to the gradient for an hour. At the end of the exposure time, insects were collected and separated by the temperature ranges selected varying from 21 °C to 34 °C. They were organized in 17 pools from which total DNA extracts were obtained, and samples were subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analyzes. The most abundant phyla across the different temperature ranges were Proteobacteria (17.22–90.73 %), Firmicutes (5.99–77.21 %) and Actinobacteria (1.56–59.85 %). Results also showed an abundance (30 % to 57.36 %) of <em>Pseudomonas</em> (mainly at temperatures of 21–29 °C and 34 °C) that decreased to 6.55 %-13.20 % at temperatures of 31–33 °C, while <em>Bacillus</em> increase its abundance to 67.24 % at 29–33 °C. <em>Serratia</em> also had a greater representation (49.79 %), specifically in sand flies recovered at 25–27 °C. No significant differences were found at α-diversity level when comparing richness using the Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, and Chao1 indices, while <em>β</em>-diversity differences were found using the Bray-Curtis index (F-value of 3.5073, p-value &lt; 0.013, R-squared of 0,4889), especially in the groups of <em>Lu. longipalpis</em> associated at higher temperatures (29–33 °C). It was also possible to detect the presence of endosymbionts such as <em>Spiroplasma</em> and <em>Arsenophonus</em> in the range of 29–33 °C. <em>Rickettsia</em> was only detected in <em>Lu. longipalpis</em> sand flies recovered between 25–27 °C. It was possible to characterize <em>Lu. longipalpis</em> microbiota in response to intraspecific temperature preferences and observe changes in bacterial communities and endosymbionts at different ranges of said environmental variable, which may be important in its vector competence and environmental plasticity to adapt to new climate change scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215017X24000304/pdfft?md5=918bdf559ecc49f6244d333925cd7bac&pid=1-s2.0-S2215017X24000304-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of seed oil from Hura crepitans, Trichosanthes cucumerina and Thevetia nerifolia","authors":"Esther Anuoluwapo Ominowa ,&nbsp;Adebisi Olonisakin ,&nbsp;Oluwabunmi Peace Femi-Oloye ,&nbsp;Charles Ayodeji Osunla ,&nbsp;Femi Francis Oloye","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The oil contents and fatty acid composition of three non-edible seed oils extracted using Soxhlet extraction with hexane as the solvent were presented. The physical and chemical properties of the oils were determined from which cetane number, biofuel potential, higher heating values, and antimicrobial activities were assessed. The dominant fatty acids were 49 % linoleic acid, 37 % pentadecenoic acid, and 38 % cis-10-heptadecenenoic acid for <em>Hura crepitans</em> (HC), <em>Thevetia nerifolia</em> (TN) and <em>Trichosanthes cucumerina</em> (TC), respectively. The seed oils were majorly unsaturated, with HC having the highest degree of unsaturation. Acid value, saponification value, iodine value, and free fatty acids were low compared to many reported values in literature. The cetane values were generally high because the oils have a reasonable amount of saturated fatty acid, with TN having the highest cetane number. The low iodine value and saponification value make the biofuel potential and higher heating value to be high with TN having the highest in both and thus the best seed oil for biofuel. However, TN and HC have no antimicrobial activity to <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (gram -ve), <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (gram +ve), <em>Escherichia coli</em> (gram -ve), <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, Enterobacter aerogenes, <em>Candida albican, Rhizopus stolonifer, Fusarium Solani, Aspergillus flavus</em> and <em>Candida tropicalis</em>, while TC has broad spectrum of activity against all tested bacteria and fungi, except Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00858"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215017X24000316/pdfft?md5=2b9a1bc835acad2e8dd679d358e40541&pid=1-s2.0-S2215017X24000316-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-smart biocontrol strategies utilizing potent microbes for sustainable management of phytopathogenic diseases","authors":"Ihtisham Ul Haq ,&nbsp;Kashif Rahim ,&nbsp;Galal Yahya ,&nbsp;Bushra Ijaz ,&nbsp;Sajida Maryam ,&nbsp;Najeeba Parre Paker","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plants have an impact on the economy because they are used in the food and medical industries. Plants are a source of macro- and micronutrients for the health of humans and animals; however, the rise in microbial diseases has put plant health and yield at risk. Because there are insufficient controls, microbial infections annually impact approximately 25 % of the world's plant crops. Alternative strategies, such as biocontrol, are required to fight these illnesses. This review discusses the potential uses of recently discovered microorganisms because they are safe, effective, and unlikely to cause drug resistance. They have no negative effects on soil microbiology or the environment because they are environmentally benign. Biological control enhances indigenous microbiomes by reducing bacterial wilt, brown blotch, fire blight, and crown gall. More research is required to make these biocontrol agents more stable, effective, and less toxic before they can be used in commercial settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215017X24000328/pdfft?md5=021705d5b01889500b27112c5cea23a3&pid=1-s2.0-S2215017X24000328-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically surface-modified Escherichia coli outer membrane vesicles targeting MUC1 antigen in cancer cells","authors":"Sedthawut Laotee ,&nbsp;Wanatchaporn Arunmanee","doi":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), non-replicating spherical liposomes derived from Gram-negative bacteria, are a promising vaccine platform and multifunctional delivery systems. Their ability to be modified via genetic engineering for the incorporation and display of heterologous proteins enhances their functionality. In this study, we demonstrated a bio-ligation approach to display single-chain variable fragments (scFv) on the OMV surface using the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system. SpyTag-fused scFv, expressed by mammalian cells, bound to OMVs with SpyCatcher-fused Lpp'OmpA after a simple incubation. Biophysical analysis indicated that the conjugated OMVs maintained their physicochemical properties. We used an scFv targeting mucin 1 protein (MUC1) for specific cell targeting. Confocal microscopy revealed that conjugated OMVs specifically bound to and were internalized by MUC1-presenting cells, but not by MUC1-deficient cells. In conclusion, this rapid and efficient bio-ligation system facilitates the display of functional scFv on OMV surfaces, offering a promising approach for targeted delivery to MUC1-expressing cancer cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38117,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Reports","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e00854"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215017X24000274/pdfft?md5=f5efc7af290ccba0cbc5213a769d0654&pid=1-s2.0-S2215017X24000274-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}