Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics最新文献

{"title":"Association Between the Nutritional Quality of Food Purchases and Household Food at Home Expenditures in Mexico.","authors":"Néstor A Sánchez-Ortiz, Carolina Batis, Analí Castellanos-Gutiérrez, M Arantxa Colchero","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor-quality diets are a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. Few studies in Mexico have tested whether higher expenditures are needed to purchase high-quality food.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study was to assess how dietary quality of food purchases was associated with household food at home expenditures.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (EncuestaNacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares [ENIGH] 2018).</p><p><strong>Participants/setting: </strong>The study included 74 469 households with information on food and beverage purchases in Mexico in 2018.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Quarterly household food at home expenditures by adult equivalent (AE) for all food groups that were scored with the Global Dietary Quality Score (GDQS) for food purchases expressed in dollars/quarterly/AE.</p><p><strong>Statistical analyses performed: </strong>Adjusted generalized linear models were used to evaluate the association between GDQS for food purchases (expressed in tertiles: low, mid, and high) and quarterly food expenditures. The analyses were performed at the national level by place of residence and income quintile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the national level, the difference in food expenditures between the high- and the low-GDQS groups was +$13.85/AE. By place of residence, the difference between the high- and the low-GDQS groups was +$17.31/AE in urban and +$5.12/AE in rural areas. For income quintile 1 (lowest), there was a statistical difference of -$4.79/AE and +$43.25 for quintile 5 (highest).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quality of food purchases can be associated with higher or lower expenditures depending on the specific food purchased. High GDQS is associated with lower expenditures among the lowest-income households as they purchase less expensive options compared with high-income households.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":"99-108.e12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systems Thinking and Sustainable Food Systems in Dietetics Education: A Survey of Directors.","authors":"Erin E Bergquist, Lyndi Buckingham-Schutt, Christina Gayer Campbell, Awoke Dollisso, Shuyang Qu, Angela M Tagtow, Scott Smalley","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.06.233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.06.233","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Systems thinking is recommended, but not required, for teaching food and water system sustainability in nutrition and dietetics education.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study investigated systems thinking and sustainable, resilient, and healthy food and water systems (SRHFWS) in nutrition and dietetics programs. It examined program directors' practices, values, attitudes, confidence levels, and the relationships between systems thinking, teaching SRHFWS topics, confidence levels, and years of experience as a dietitian and program director.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;Conducted in September 2022, the study used a descriptive design with a validated 20-item Systems Thinking Scale and a researcher-designed survey with 1-5 Likert-type scales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants and setting: &lt;/strong&gt;The online survey was distributed to 611 Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics program directors, with a 27% (N = 163) response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis: &lt;/strong&gt;Descriptive statistics (frequency or mean ± SD) were calculated using Excel. Inferential statistics were examined using R. Analysis of variance was used to compare experience as a registered dietitian nutritionist and experience as a program director to confidence levels in teaching each SRHFWS topic. Linear regression was used determine the relationship between total Systems Thinking Scale score and demographic and programmatic variables.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Seventy-seven percent of program directors scored high on the Systems Thinking Scale (mean score = 65.2 ± 8.4 on a 0 to 80 scale), and more than 85% of directors agreed that including systems thinking in dietetics was important. However, only 32.1% reported teaching systems thinking. Less than half of program directors agreed that systems thinking was adequately addressed in Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics standards, and nearly 80% of program directors agreed there was room to strengthen systems thinking content. Directors neither agreed nor disagreed there are adequate Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics standards addressing SRHFWS and reported SRHFWS topics were inconsistently taught. Confidence levels were lowest for teaching economic and environmental topics. Awareness and use of resources developed by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation was low.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Integration of systems thinking in nutrition and dietetics education presents promising opportunities to address complexity in the field. Applying systems thinking to teach SRHFWS may narrow the disparity between educators' perceived importance and program coverage. Enhancing program directors' awareness and utilization of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation resources and improved alignment between practice standards and accreditation standards may empower program directors to use systems thinking","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":"42-53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coffee, Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling Pathway, and Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Study in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study.","authors":"Rui Song, Konrad H Stopsack, Junkun Ren, Lorelei A Mucci, Steven K Clinton, Massimo Loda, Molin Wang, Edward L Giovannucci, Kathryn M Wilson, Stephanie A Smith-Warner","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher coffee intake has been associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms. The activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway plays an important role in prostate carcinogenesis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate associations between prediagnostic coffee intake and a PI3K activation score, the expression/presence of PI3K regulators, and downstream effectors in tumor tissue from men with prostate cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, a prospective cohort study conducted in the United States.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A case-only study design was applied. Coffee intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires completed in 1986 and every 4 years thereafter until prostate cancer diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Participants setting: </strong>Study participants comprised 1242 men diagnosed with prostate cancer from 1986 to 2009 and with tumor markers assessed from tissue microarrays constructed from tumor specimens.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The outcomes include the PI3K activation score; expression of insulin receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; angiogenesis markers; and presence of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog, chronic and acute inflammation, simple atrophy, and post-atrophic hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Statistical analyses performed: </strong>Multivariable linear or logistic regression was conducted to estimate associations between coffee intake and tumor marker expression/presence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among coffee drinkers (86.6% of the population), median (25th, 75th percentile) coffee intake was 2 c/day (1, 3 c/day). The associations between coffee consumption and the tumor markers of interest were generally weak with modest precision. When comparing men who drank >3 c/day coffee with nondrinkers, the absolute percent difference in the PI3K activation score and angiogenesis markers ranged from 0.6% to 3.6%. The odds ratios for phosphatase and tensin homolog loss, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and insulin receptor expression, and presence of chronic and acute inflammation, simple atrophy, and postatrophic hyperplasia also were not statistically significant, were imprecise, and ranged from 0.82 to 1.58.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coffee intake was not observed to be associated with PI3K activation, related regulators, and several effectors in prostate tumor tissue. Studies exploring alternative pathways or earlier steps in carcinogenesis are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the coffee and prostate cancer association.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":"90-98.e5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of Diabetes Nutrition Self-Efficacy and Behavior Measures for the \"What Can I Eat\" Diabetes Nutrition Education Program for American Indian and Alaska Native Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Angela G Brega, Sarah A Stotz, Kelly R Moore, Monica C McNulty, Luohua Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people have high rates of diabetes and limited access to nutrition education. The \"What Can I Eat? Healthy Choices for People With Type 2 Diabetes\" (WCIE) diabetes nutrition education program was culturally adapted for AI/AN adults.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This analysis was designed to evaluate the reliability and validity of items developed to measure diabetes nutrition self-efficacy (ie, confidence one can engage in specific behaviors) and diabetes nutrition behavior among participants in the WCIE program for AI/AN adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the WCIE program for AI/AN adults. Baseline data were used to assess the reliability and validity of the self-efficacy and behavior items, which were collected via survey. Due to COVID-19 safety protocols, the intervention was conducted via Zoom (Zoom Video Communications), and both survey and clinical data were collected at home by participants.</p><p><strong>Participants/setting: </strong>The study was conducted from January to December 2021 with 5 AI/AN-serving health care programs in Oklahoma, Illinois, North Carolina, California, and New York. AI/AN adults with type 2 diabetes who spoke English and had internet access were eligible. Sixty people participated.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Analyses examined validity and reliability of diabetes nutrition self-efficacy and behavior items.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis performed: </strong>To test reliability, internal consistency and factor structures of the scales were examined. To evaluate convergent validity, Pearson correlations were computed to examine the association of the self-efficacy and behavior measures with each other and with clinical indicators (ie, body mass index, blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1c).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two self-efficacy factors were identified. Each showed strong internal consistency (Cronbach α ≥ 0.85; McDonald ω ≥ 0.88) and was directly associated with diabetes nutrition behavior (P < .001). The factor assessing Confidence in Using the Diabetes Plate was inversely associated with hemoglobin A1c (Pearson correlation = -0.32, P = .0243). The behavior measure capturing Healthy Nutrition Behavior showed strong internal consistency (α = 0.89; ω = 0.92) and was inversely associated with hemoglobin A1c (Pearson correlation = -0.38, P = .0057).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diabetes nutrition self-efficacy and behavior items developed for the WCIE program for AI/AN adults are valid and reliable. These items can facilitate rigorous and consistent evaluation of the AI/AN WCIE program.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":"78-89.e1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11550264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Weight Perceptions Among Youth From 6 Countries and Associations With Social Media Use: Findings From the International Food Policy Study.","authors":"Karen Hock, Lana Vanderlee, Christine M White, David Hammond","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.06.223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.06.223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Body dissatisfaction is associated with poor psychological and physical health, particularly among young people. However, limited data exist on body size perceptions across countries and factors associated with dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined dissatisfaction prevalence and associations with sociodemographics and social media use among youth in 6 countries.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Repeat cross-sectional national online surveys were conducted as part of the 2019 and 2020 International Food Policy Study Youth Survey.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The sample included 21 277 youth aged 10 to 17 years from Australia, Canada, Chile, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Youth were recruited to complete the online survey through parents/guardians enrolled in the Nielsen Consumer Insights Global Panel and their partners' panels.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Figural drawing scales assessed self-perceived and ideal body images, with differences between scales representing body dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Statistical analyses performed: </strong>Multinomial logistic regression models examined differences in body dissatisfaction by country, and associations with sociodemographics and either social media screen time or platforms used, including 2-way interactions with country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, approximately 45% of youth reported the same perceived and ideal body sizes, whereas 35% were \"larger than ideal\" (from 33% in Canada and Australia to 42% in Chile) and 20% were \"thinner than ideal\" (from 15% in Chile to 22% in Mexico). Greater social media screen time was associated with a higher likelihood of moderate-severe dissatisfaction for being \"thinner than ideal\" and at least mild dissatisfaction for being \"larger than ideal\" (P < .003 for all contrasts), with greater dissatisfaction among users of YouTube and Snapchat than nonusers (P ≤ .005 for both contrasts). Modest differences in body dissatisfaction between countries were observed for age, ethnicity, body mass index, and weight-based teasing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Body dissatisfaction is prevalent among youth across diverse countries. These findings highlight the need to promote healthy body image in youth, particularly among social media users.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":"24-41.e7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141465125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household Food Sourcing Patterns and Their Associations With Food Insecurity in Appalachian Ohio.","authors":"Kyle R Busse, Kathryn I Poppe, Qiang Wu, Stephanie B Jilcott Pitts, Lindsey Haynes-Maslow, Alice S Ammerman, Kathleen Krzyzanowski Guerra, Zoë Plakias, Andrew S Hanks, Katharine Garrity, Rachel Gillespie, Bailey Houghtaling, Rebecca A Seguin-Fowler, Jennifer A Garner","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.07.162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.07.162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Households experiencing food insecurity may use dynamic strategies to meet food needs. Yet, the relationship between household food sourcing behaviors and food security, particularly in rural settings, is understudied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify food sourcing patterns and their associations with food insecurity among households in rural Appalachian Ohio during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Survey data were collected from a cohort of households in Athens County, OH, in July 2020, October 2020, January 2021, and April 2021.</p><p><strong>Participants/setting: </strong>The sample included 663 households with household food sourcing and food security information for ≥1 survey wave.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Household food sourcing patterns. Households reported the frequency with which they obtained food from various retailers and charitable sources, classified as supercenters, supermarkets, convenience stores, farmers markets, or charitable sources.</p><p><strong>Statistical analyses: </strong>Principal component analysis was used to identify food sourcing patterns. Linear mixed models were used to assess changes in food sourcing behaviors over the study period and to determine whether food sourcing behaviors differed according to food security status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two patterns were identified: Convenience Stores and Charitable Food and Supermarkets and Farmers Markets, not Supercenters. Relative to July 2020, alignment of households' food sourcing behaviors with the Supermarkets and Farmers Markets, not Supercenters pattern was higher in October 2020 (β .07, 95% CI .02 to .12) and alignment with the Convenience Stores and Charitable Food pattern was lower in April 2021 (β -.06, 95% CI -.11 to -.02). Compared with food-secure households, food sourcing behaviors of food-insecure households were more closely aligned with the Convenience Stores and Charitable Food pattern (β .07, 95% CI .00 to .13); no statistically significant difference in scores was observed for the Supermarkets and Farmers Markets, not Supercenters pattern (β -.07, 95% CI -.15 to .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings support efforts to increase access to healthy, affordable options at venues where food-insecure households may be likely to obtain food, such as convenience stores and charitable sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":"54-68.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight bias internalization statistically mediates the association between positive body image and intuitive eating: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Paula M Brochu, Janell L Mensinger, Lauren B Moss, Stephanie L Rothenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Two facets of positive body image, body appreciation and functionality appreciation, are positively associated with an adaptive eating style known as intuitive eating. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the association between positive body image and intuitive eating, although it is well established that weight bias internalization is associated with unfavorable views of the self and body and interferes with health behavior engagement.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present cross-sectional study examined weight bias internalization as a statistical mediator of the association between positive body image (i.e., body appreciation and functionality appreciation) and intuitive eating.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>An online cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of adults who were recruited through social media from February to April of 2019.</p><p><strong>Participants/setting: </strong>The final sample included 178 participants (120 women, 55 men, 2 gender non-binary; M_age = 26.34 years, SD = 9.53) who completed the study online.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Participants completed the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 as the main outcome measure.</p><p><strong>Statistical analyses performed: </strong>The PROCESS macro was used to conduct two mediation analyses with body appreciation and functionality appreciation as the antecedents, intuitive eating as the outcome, and weight bias internalization as the mediator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As expected, body appreciation (b = 0.34, SE = 0.06, p < .001) and functionality appreciation (b = 0.13, SE = 0.06 p = .043) had significant positive associations with intuitive eating. Weight bias internalization statistically mediated the association between body appreciation and intuitive eating (b = 0.24, SE = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.114, 0.376), and functionality appreciation and intuitive eating (b = 0.04, SE = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.104).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings contribute to better understanding the mechanisms connecting positive body image and intuitive eating. Results from this cross-sectional study indicate weight bias internalization statistically mediates the associations between body appreciation and intuitive eating and functionality appreciation and intuitive eating.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Dietary Inflammatory Index Score is Associated with a Greater Risk of High Allostatic Load in US Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017-2020.","authors":"Yiru Li, Yuhong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allostatic load (AL) is a comprehensive indicator of chronic stress. Foods with pro-inflammatory properties can increase the risk of elevated AL levels. However, no studies have explored the association between AL and dietary inflammation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores and AL.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This cross-sectional study examined dietary data from 24-hour dietary recalls and biomarkers associated with AL in adult participants aged ≥18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2017-2020).</p><p><strong>Participants/setting: </strong>NHANES examines a nationally representative sample of approximately 5,000 individuals each year. A total of 15,560 participants were surveyed during the 2017-2020 period, and 1,577 participants were ultimately included in this study.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Twenty-six dietary components were selected to calculate the DII, while 10 biomarkers representing the cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems were chosen to calculate the AL.</p><p><strong>Statistical analyses performed: </strong>Logistic regression and linear regression analyses were employed to investigate the relationship between DII and AL, and between each biomarker. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on sociodemographic variables, including age, gender, race/ethnicity, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of high AL was 1.53 times higher in those with DII scores in the highest quartile than in those with DII scores in the lowest quartile (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.36; P_trend=0.04). For each unit increase in DII, the probability of having high AL increased by 11% (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.21; P_trend=0.03). Higher DII scores were significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse, waist-hip ratio, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Higher DII scores were also significantly associated with lower total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P<0.05). The association between DII score and AL was more pronounced in women [(OR_Quartile3vs1:2.04; 95%CI: 1.15, 3.61); (OR_Quartile4vs1:2.07; 95%CI: 1.18, 3.62) P_trend=0.01] and in those with a BMI < 24.9 kg/m² (OR_Quartile3vs1:4.74; 95%CI: 1.21, 18.05; P_trend=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found that higher DII scores were associated with greater risk of high AL. Further research with more rigorous study designs is needed to build upon these results and evaluate the effect of diets with low inflammatory potential (low DII scores) on AL.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Insecurity and Weight Faltering: US Multisite Analysis of Young Children's Weight Trajectory.","authors":"Ana Poblacion, Stephanie Ettinger de Cuba, Maureen M Black, Ian Weijer, Carolina Giudice, Georgiana Esteves, Patricia Fabian, Antonella Zanobetti, Diana B Cutts, Félice Lê-Scherban, Megan Sandel, Eduardo R Ochoa, Deborah A Frank","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food insecurity is associated with poor health and development among young children, with inconsistent findings related to longitudinal growth.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate associations between household and child food insecurity and young children's weight trajectory during ages 0-2 years.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Longitudinal survey data were analyzed for years 2009-2018.</p><p><strong>Participants/setting: </strong>Racially diverse mothers of 814 children ≤24 months interviewed twice (interval >6 months, mean 11 months) in emergency departments of 4 US cities. Children were included if born at term, with birthweight within 2500g-4500g, weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) within ±2 SD at first interview.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>WAZ difference between 2 visits was defined as 'expected weight gain' (within ±1.34 SD), 'slow weight gain' (<-1.34 SD), or 'rapid weight gain' (>+1.34 SD).</p><p><strong>Statistical analyses performed: </strong>Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine adjusted associations between household or child food insecurity and WAZ differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 814 children, 83.5% had expected, 7% slow, and 9.5% rapid weight gain, with mean of 11 months (SD ±4) between visits. Child food insecurity, but not household food insecurity, was associated with slow weight gain (aRRR 2.44 [95% CI 1.16-5.13]; aRRR 1.30; [95% CI 0.69-2.51], respectively). Neither exposure was associated with rapid weight gain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association between child food insecurity and slow weight gain during the first two years of life raises clinical concern. Tracking child food insecurity in addition to household food insecurity can be an effective strategy to prevent weight faltering and to support optimal child growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining Ounce-Equivalents Using the EAA-9 Approach for Protein Scoring and Dietary Guidance.","authors":"Shavawn M Forester, Emily M Reyes, Donald K Layman","doi":"10.1016/j.jand.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The USDA Protein Food Ounce-equivalents are designed to identify plant sources of protein foods and provide serving size substitutions. While the ounce-equivalent concept is simple, it fails to generate equivalent exchanges for protein or essential amino acids (EAAs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To accurately define the EAA content of USDA protein food ounce-equivalents, to develop a more accurate food exchange list, and to evaluate the EAA-9 protein quality framework as a tool for determining precise EAA-equivalent substitutions.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The USDA National Nutrient Database (SR Legacy) and the EAA-9 protein quality model were used to evaluate the validity of the USDA Protein Food ounce-equivalents for creating equivalent protein and EAA substitutions. The EAA-9 framework then established EAA-9 Equivalence serving sizes to meet EAA requirements.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes: </strong>EAA composition in protein foods was assessed. EAA-9 Equivalence servings were developed.</p><p><strong>Analysis performed: </strong>EAA composition was calculated for USDA protein food ounce-equivalents. EAA-9 scores were calculated for protein foods and compared using an egg's EAA composition as a standard. MyPlate Kitchen Recipes were used to apply USDA protein food ounce-equivalent exchanges and EAA-9 equivalence servings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The USDA protein food ounce-equivalents are not equivalent in protein or EAAs with the disparity ranging from one ounce-equivalent of chicken breast with 9.1 g of protein and 4.0 g of EAAs to one ounce-equivalent of almonds with 3.0 g of protein and 0.9 g of EAAs. Using the USDA serving of one egg as a standard for comparing protein food groups, less than 15% of beans, peas, and lentils and 0% of nuts and seed ounce-equivalents achieve the EAA composition of an egg. EAA-9 Equivalence servings are truly equivalent, with each serving providing a reliable and interchangeable protein source. The EAA-9 Equivalence servings have been calculated and are now available for all USDA SR Legacy foods with a complete EAA profile, offering a resource for exchanges that ensure EAA requirements are met.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Creating ounce-equivalent substitutions for protein foods requires creating food exchanges that assure EAA requirements are met. The USDA Protein Food ounce-equivalents provide inadequate guidance for balancing EAA requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}