Ethics, Medicine and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Anthropological study on the perception of skin aging and aesthetic procedures: An international, generational analysis","authors":"L. McEwen ,&nbsp;C. Déchelette ,&nbsp;S. Fauverghe","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Skin aging is perceived differently across generations, influencing their views on skin aging and aesthetic procedures. This study analyses the attitudes of five current generations: the Silent Generation; Baby Boomers; Generation X; Generation Y or Millennials; and Generation Z, toward skin aging and aesthetic treatments. By combining anthropological and medical perspectives, we identified the perceptions, motivations, knowledge and emerging trends in aesthetic medicine for each generation.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A semi-structured online survey consisting of 20 questions was conducted. A total of 1,303 responses were collected from respondents across 54 countries, representing the five sociological age groups (Gen Z, Millennials, Gen X, Baby Boomers, and the Silent Generation), with a gender distribution of 60% women, 40% men, and three non-binary individuals. A thematic roundtable with dermatologists and aesthetic surgeons was then conducted. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of all data, including the open and closed questions as well as citations from the roundtable, was conducted and eight axes of analysis were used to structure the interpretation of the data (neutral/negative; external/internal; active/passive; informed/uninformed). This resulted in detailed, nuanced profiles of each generation’s perceptions, orientations, and practices related to skin aging and aesthetic procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Each generation reflects a different relationship with their skin and perception of skin aging. A noticeable generation gap emerged between Generation X and the Baby boomers. The three younger generations (Gen X, Millennials, and Gen Z) displayed a more active, informed approach to skin aging and aesthetic procedures; as opposed to the more passive, uninformed orientation of the two older generations (Baby Boomers, Silent Generation). Nuanced evidence of the “prejuvenation” concept was present in the form of a conceptual spectrum that spanned the generations: Gen Z emphasized prevention and protection; the Millennials and Gen X focused on rejuvenation and anti-aging; and the Baby boomers on care. The Millennials were the most active in their approach to skin aging. There was evidence of an increasingly negative vision of skin aging as the age of the generations increased.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>With the rise of social media and advancements in aesthetic medicine, behaviors related to anti-aging treatments have evolved. While older generations seek discreet interventions, younger generations adopt a preventive approach known as “prejuvenation” and normalize aesthetic procedures from an early age. Our results confirm several of the major trends in the literature and in aesthetic medicine; namely that the 26–55 groups are the most knowledgeable and active consumers of aesthetic dermatology and aesthetic medicine. The overall negative conception of skin aging is","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mengele, the banality of evil and the perversion of medicine","authors":"P. Charlier","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of depression, suicidal ideation, and its risk factors in leprosy patients: A systematic review","authors":"G. Keerthana ,&nbsp;S. Neeraja ,&nbsp;S. Padmakar ,&nbsp;S. Kousar Sada ,&nbsp;G. Bhargavi","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Leprosy is a chronic disease with significant physical, psychological, and social implications. The disability and stigma associated with leprosy can lead to mental health challenges including depression and suicidal ideation (SI). Understanding these condition’s prevalence and risk factors is critical to improving the mental status of affected individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PRISMA guidelines were used to perform this systematic review. Databases like Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase were used to collect articles using the following terms: leprosy, Hansen’s disease, suicidal ideation, depression, and psychosocial factors. The Joanna Briggs Institute's critical assessment checklist tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the research studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This systematic review includes seventeen studies. Depression prevalence among leprosy patients ranged from 12.5% to 89.8%, while SI prevalence varied from 6.7% to 76%. The majority of studies employed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess depression. Gender, disability, unemployment, age, marital status, and stigma were the most frequently reported risk factors for depression among leprosy patients. Psychiatric comorbidities are the leading risk factor for SI in leprosy patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Depression and SI are widespread among patients with leprosy, emphazing the critical importance of incorporating mental health treatments into leprosy care programs. Reducing stigma, strengthening social support systems, and offering psychological counselling are vital strategies to address these challenges and improve patient health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprecariousness and vulnerability: An ethical approach to the issues of access to public health","authors":"S. Jimeno Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>During the Covid-19 pandemics, the access to patented products (vaccines) become a problem of public health due to their high prices, especially in the least developed countries. Buth the concept of access is also related to other health care-related issues.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This paper seeks to analyse these problems of access in public health by using the notion of bioprecariousness, that we generally define as the structural violence against life due to the lack of access to essential resources for life.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>We shall analyse bioprecariousness by means of literature concerned to the concept of vulnerability, health disparities and IP legislation and shall assess the negative impact of bioprecariousness on global health equity.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>We shall present a taxonomy of bioprecariousness considering three different dimensions of health care in form of pharmacological, digital, and care-related bioprecariousness. From that point, we will explore the effects of each kind of bioprecariousness on public health, given that it increases vulnerability and health inequities simultaneously.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Bioprecariousness is a concept closely related to vulnerability, which results in important health disparities and unjust distribution of health-related resources, thereby increasing health inequities. We propose to address the issues related to bioprecariousness by applying adequate government policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of chewing tobacco in the population of Oriental, Morocco: A comprehensive study of determinants and associated risks","authors":"C. Belkhiri ,&nbsp;C. Himri ,&nbsp;S.-E. Azizi ,&nbsp;M. Dalli ,&nbsp;I. Rahhou ,&nbsp;C. Belbachir ,&nbsp;B. Legssyer","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chewing tobacco, an emerging form of smoking attracting attention because of its health damage. The current study aims to investigate chewing tobacco withing the population of Oujda, Morocco by elucidating specific parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This descriptive cross-sectional study, which included volunteers (n = 838) from different age groups and from both sexes living in Oujda city the capital of eastern Morocco.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The collected results indicated that the prevalence of chewing tobacco was found to be 35.3%, with a sex repartition of 97.45% for men and 3.11% for women. The average initiation age was found between 16 and 20 years, covering 56.4% of the sample. The multivariate analysis carried out as part of this study revealed significant associations between numerous key variables including sex, profession, age and the age of chewing initiation in relation to chewing tobacco consumption. Also, a statistically significant associations was determined between these variables and the adoption of tobacco chewing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>To diminish the prevalence of this growing habit among our population, it is crucial to enhance understanding of the risks linked to this practice and integrate awareness programs into educational curricula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertain future: How the USAID freeze endangers global health","authors":"S.G. Bashir,&nbsp;Y.H. Abdi,&nbsp;Y.B. Abdullahi,&nbsp;M.S. Abdi","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At the crossroads of neuroscience, anthropology, and ethics: The case study of conjoined twins Lori and George Schappell","authors":"C. Germé","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article studies the unique case of conjoined twins Lori et Georges Schappell, who lives extraordinary lives while defying social and medical norms. By combining neurobiological, anthropological, and ethical perspectives, these research helps our reflection and understanding of identity construction, brain plasticity and socials consequences of rare medical conditions.</div><div>I tried to explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying gender identity construction in the context of craniopagus twins. Analyze the influence of the socio-cultural environment on the search for gender identity associated with an exceptional physical condition. Raise ethical questions related to research on individuals with rare conditions, such as informed consent and privacy protection.</div><div>More generally, this work is part of a research stream with aims to better understanding of complex interactions between biology and social in the construction of the self.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental paternalism as an equity issue: A case study of parental influence on adolescents’ reproductive health in Medellín, Colombia","authors":"J. Brisson","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In bioethics, parental paternalism in adolescent healthcare is typically analyzed through the lens of autonomy and consent, emphasizing parents’ role and adolescents’ capacity to make independent decisions. However, this approach may overlook the role of parental self-interest in shaping healthcare decisions, particularly in the context of reproductive health, and may contribute to inequitable outcomes for adolescents. This exploratory empirical bioethics study examines these dynamics through an equity lens, offering a broader perspective on how relational and social factors can differentially constrain adolescents’ reproductive choices, such as the use of contraceptives.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In 2024, semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of adolescents aged 10–19 in Medellín, Colombia. Participants were recruited through a sexual and reproductive health clinic and community networks. Transcripts were analyzed using the public health ethics principle of equity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 28 participants, 79% were mothers, and together they had 35 adolescents with a mean age of 14. While parental paternalism is typically framed as solely altruistic, some participants described influencing adolescents’ contraceptive decisions to avoid assuming caregiving roles as young grandparents. In a context like Colombia, where adolescent pregnancy is prevalent and grandparents often provide care, such motivations raise equity concerns about how parental self-interest may unequally constrain adolescents’ reproductive choices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight an underexplored equity concern: when parental self-interest shapes adolescents’ healthcare decisions, it can create unjust disparities in their ability to make reproductive health choices. Equity-oriented approaches must address how family dynamics can reinforce structural barriers to adolescent health and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magical-religious, social or psychiatric zombie: Interdisciplinary analysis of new recent cases of « zombies » in Haiti","authors":"J.-R. Senatus ,&nbsp;P. Charlier","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Haitian zombies are an anthropological entity corresponding to four legal, administrative, and pathological states: ritual poisoning with social death, criminal poisoning, psychiatric disorders, and identity theft.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>In this article, we review the latest data from the anthropological, legal, and medical literature on this uniquely Haitian phenomenon. We also discuss new, unpublished cases recently examined in Haitian courts, with clear implications for public health and law.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>These new cases question the status of the human person, the identification, and the care of individuals desocialized and deliberately placed in a state of social death.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An interdisciplinary approach is absolutely necessary, with collaboration between the humanities and fundamental sciences, around this complex phenomenon of zombies in Haiti. Their frequency (around 50,000, for a total population of around 11 million inhabitants) is certainly marginal, but significant, and constitutes a real public health problem, as well as a relevant concept in medical anthropology and health law.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics’ exceptionality – A short perspective from clinical care","authors":"C. Bourgain","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetics exceptionality relies on the strong imaginaries associated with this particular type of biological information – its capacity to disclose the invisible intimate- and on the concerns for controlling its possibly negative social impacts – the genetic information is always both highly specific and shared within families and populations. The paper claims that together with specific legal frameworks, this exceptionality is also embodied by the amount of effort performed in the clinic to control the strong uncertainties associated with the usage of this scientific knowledge in care contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}