Ethics, Medicine and Public Health最新文献

Ethics of clinical research in Jordan: An overview 约旦临床研究伦理：综述

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101125

N.N. Abdelhadi

{"title":"Ethics of clinical research in Jordan: An overview","authors":"N.N. Abdelhadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Clinical research is crucial in advancing medical science and improving healthcare practices. In Jordan, international regulations have influenced the development of clinical research ethics, yet local challenges and areas for improvement still exist.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The review aimed to map the ethical principles and frameworks applied in clinical research in Jordan and to provide recommendations for strengthening clinical research ethics in the country.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, Clinical trials.gov, Google Scholar, Science Direct, ADI, and WHO databases was conducted through March 2025. Studies were selected based on relevance to ethical issues in clinical research, including participant consent, privacy, data protection, and research governance.</div></div><div><h3>Results/discussion</h3><div>Clinical research ethics in Jordan are guided by international frameworks, but several challenges hinder the effective implementation of these ethical principles. To ensure the highest standards of research conduct, researchers and ethical review committees need enhanced training.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion/perspectives</h3><div>There are several opportunities for enhancing clinical research ethics in Jordan. Increasing the capacity and capability of IRBs through regular training and resource allocation can improve ethical oversight. Furthermore, promoting public awareness about clinical research ethics and the importance of informed consent can empower participants to make more informed decisions about their involvement in studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gas Bagging in Pakistan: A Legal, Ethical, and Public Health Crisis 巴基斯坦的毒气装袋：法律、道德和公共卫生危机

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101106

M. Khabir, S.A. Wasti

引用次数: 0

Embracing entrepreneurial innovation in medicine: The case for inclusion of entrepreneurship education in medical school curriculum 在医学中拥抱创业创新：将创业教育纳入医学院课程的案例

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101028

Ibrahim Kolawole Mogaji, Lukman Raimi

引用次数: 0

Enhancing iconodiagnosis methodology and scope 增强图像诊断方法和范围

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101034

I. Pranoto , H.B. Prasetya , D. Apriatama

引用次数: 0

PEPFAR funding suspension and partial restoration: Public health implications for HIV/AIDS control in developing nations 总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划资金暂停和部分恢复：对发展中国家控制艾滋病毒/艾滋病的公共卫生影响

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101060

I. Ali , S.M. Mohamed Abdelbar , M.M. Ahmed

引用次数: 0

Psyche, soul and body: A scoping review on the Greek knowledge about the mental disorders in ancient imperial Rome 心灵、灵魂与身体：古希腊罗马帝国精神疾病知识的概览

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101082

L. Bottalico , L. Santacroce , S. Topi , I.A. Charitos

{"title":"Psyche, soul and body: A scoping review on the Greek knowledge about the mental disorders in ancient imperial Rome","authors":"L. Bottalico , L. Santacroce , S. Topi , I.A. Charitos","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sacred paleo medicine with superstitions and religious ceremonies, applied by shamans and magicians, not only in its organization but also in its therapeutic approach and its interpretative method was the first step for the therapy of mental illnesses. It was part of a mythological system, and its representatives were doctor-priests, who, slowly at the same time, collected clinical and semantic data, paving the way before Hippocrates. To investigate the evolution of such thoughts we extracted data from electronic data banks and ancient books from both public libraries and private collections. The texts of ancient medicine cover an extended period ranging from the “Iππoκρατικό Σώμα” (Corpus Hippocraticum) of the classical period (V-IV century BC) up to the authors of the late classical ages Roman Empire such as e.g., Aretaeus, Celsus, Galen, and others. This work aims to take a journey through the legacy of ancient Greek philosophy concerning the psyche that influenced medicine in Roman Classical age in its diagnosis and therapy for the mentally ill, thus laying the scientific foundations of modern neuropsychiatry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blockchain and homomorphic encryption for genomic and health data sharing: An ethical perspective 基因组和健康数据共享的区块链和同态加密：伦理观点

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101127

S.A. Ahmed , R. Hrzic

{"title":"Blockchain and homomorphic encryption for genomic and health data sharing: An ethical perspective","authors":"S.A. Ahmed , R. Hrzic","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sharing genomic data is crucial for public health research, yet it poses significant privacy risks, necessitating innovative solutions to balance data accessibility with individual protection. This study investigates the ethical dimensions of a hybrid system integrating blockchain and homomorphic encryption for secure genomic data sharing in health contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a literature review of studies in MEDLINE and Google Scholar, and used the eight peer-reviewed studies uncovered to construct an in-depth description of the hybrid system. We then assessed its performance in achieving public ethics objectives using a framework derived from published public health ethics principles pertaining to data sharing in public health. The evaluation involved conducting a thematic analysis of the information relevant to each objective from the published studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We find that the hybrid system aligns well with tenets of public health ethics, including accountability, fairness, respect for persons, privacy, and public health goals, through mechanisms like transparent record-keeping, secure data access, and privacy-preserving computation. However, scalability poses a major challenge, hindered by computational overhead and insufficient stakeholder comprehension.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results imply that while the hybrid system can support data sharing while safeguarding individual rights, its practical implementation is limited without addressing scalability. This study underscores the need to highlight scalability as a fundamental ethical principle in evaluating digital public health technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

End of life and death – dead body in Québec law 生与死的终结——尸体在死亡法中

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101135

M. Lacroix

引用次数: 0

Dispositional moral attribution and association avoidance: Explaining chronic Mpox stigma even after recovery 性格道德归因和联想回避：解释慢性m痘病耻感即使在康复后

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101151

S. Davoudpour , R.O. Salvador , M.G. Curtis , A.L. French , S.G. Hosek , G. Phillips II , P.A. Serrano

{"title":"Dispositional moral attribution and association avoidance: Explaining chronic Mpox stigma even after recovery","authors":"S. Davoudpour , R.O. Salvador , M.G. Curtis , A.L. French , S.G. Hosek , G. Phillips II , P.A. Serrano","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prior research indicates that disease-related stigma (e.g., mpox stigma) tends to perpetuate even after the conclusion of the infection. For instance, HIV stigma remains highly prevalent despite the proliferation of stigma-reducing public health initiatives and campaigns. Perpetuation of these stigmas, especially association avoidance well after recovery, has somewhat confounded scholars and public health officials alike. In this study, using the concept of dispositional moral attribution, we offer an explanation for this perpetuated stigma.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>We developed multiple logistic regression models using data from the mpox substudy of the Keeping it LITE study. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in Illinois, USA in September 2022 and collected the attitudes of 226 sexual minority individuals towards the 2022 mpox outbreak in Illinois.</div></div><div><h3>Results/discussion</h3><div>Findings indicate a significant positive relationship between moral attribution and association avoidance of those who have recovered from mpox. Individuals who believe those with mpox have participated in immoral activities are 4.5 times as likely to avoid association with those who recovered from mpox compared to those who do not associate mpox with immoral activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We conclude that chronic stigmatization, in the form of association avoidance, is more likely when the stigmatized status of an individual is presumed to be the result of their own immoral behavior. Destigmatization campaigns are encouraged to take this finding into account when framing their efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How vaccine-derived poliovirus has questioned the public health response to emerging infectious diseases 疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒如何质疑公共卫生对新发传染病的反应

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101152

A. Zarzeczny, P. Kahar, V. Weiss

{"title":"How vaccine-derived poliovirus has questioned the public health response to emerging infectious diseases","authors":"A. Zarzeczny, P. Kahar, V. Weiss","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This review aims to explore the existence of poliovirus from the peak of epidemics to modern resurgences, understand its public health response in polio-endemic countries, and the influence of public perceptions of vaccine-derived polio on its eradication progress.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A literature search was conducted using combinations of the search terms polio, eradication, vaccine-derived, global, resurgence, Covid-19, and vaccination. A total of 15 articles were included in the review.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Polio has become overshadowed by recent health issues dominating the interest of public health agencies and the World Health Organization. Endemic countries struggle to eradicate polio as civil conflict, foreign distrust, and public health misinformation have produced a lack of political will to eradicate polio. Furthermore, the militarization of public health has caused eradication initiatives to lose their credibility and has painted humanitarian aid as an ulterior motive. Additionally, countries that are struggling to contain polio are suffering from resource shortages and new health issues prompted by the Covid-19 pandemic. As millions of immunizations were missed during the pandemic, there has been concern for a global uprising of polio following surges of polio cases in both endemic and polio-free countries. Although eradication programs in the past have emphasized the need for programs tailored to communities’ needs and a strong sense of global collaboration, this strategy has been poorly utilized by recent polio programs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Efforts to eliminate polio go beyond acquiring the tools for eradication. Although effective interventions and screening procedures for polio exist, eradication cannot be achieved unless barriers to accessibility and poor political will are addressed. Given this, polio resurgences demand a change in the way polio is perceived by the public as well as a unified global commitment to eradicate polio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0