疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒如何质疑公共卫生对新发传染病的反应

Q3 Medicine

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101152

A. Zarzeczny, P. Kahar, V. Weiss

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本综述旨在探讨脊髓灰质炎病毒从流行高峰到现代死灰复燃的存在，了解脊髓灰质炎流行国家的公共卫生应对措施，以及公众对疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎的认知对其根除进展的影响。方法结合脊髓灰质炎、根除、疫苗衍生、全球、死灰复燃、Covid-19和疫苗接种等搜索词进行文献检索。本综述共纳入15篇文章。最近，公共卫生机构和世界卫生组织关注的卫生问题给脊髓灰质炎蒙上了阴影。由于国内冲突、外国的不信任和公共卫生方面的错误信息，流行国家难以根除脊髓灰质炎，导致缺乏根除脊髓灰质炎的政治意愿。此外，公共卫生的军事化使根除倡议失去了信誉，并把人道主义援助描绘成别有用心的动机。此外，正在努力控制脊髓灰质炎的国家正遭受资源短缺和Covid-19大流行引发的新卫生问题的困扰。由于在大流行期间错过了数百万人的免疫接种，在流行和无脊髓灰质炎国家出现脊髓灰质炎病例激增之后，人们一直担心全球脊髓灰质炎会爆发。尽管过去的根除计划强调需要根据社区的需要和强烈的全球合作意识制定计划，但这一战略在最近的脊髓灰质炎计划中没有得到充分利用。结论消除脊髓灰质炎的努力不仅仅是获得根除工具。尽管存在有效的脊髓灰质炎干预措施和筛查程序，但除非解决无障碍障碍和政治意愿不佳的问题，否则无法实现根除。鉴于此，脊髓灰质炎的死灰复燃要求改变公众对脊髓灰质炎的看法，并要求全球对根除脊髓灰质炎作出统一承诺。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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How vaccine-derived poliovirus has questioned the public health response to emerging infectious diseases

Background

This review aims to explore the existence of poliovirus from the peak of epidemics to modern resurgences, understand its public health response in polio-endemic countries, and the influence of public perceptions of vaccine-derived polio on its eradication progress.

Methodology

A literature search was conducted using combinations of the search terms polio, eradication, vaccine-derived, global, resurgence, Covid-19, and vaccination. A total of 15 articles were included in the review.

Discussion

Polio has become overshadowed by recent health issues dominating the interest of public health agencies and the World Health Organization. Endemic countries struggle to eradicate polio as civil conflict, foreign distrust, and public health misinformation have produced a lack of political will to eradicate polio. Furthermore, the militarization of public health has caused eradication initiatives to lose their credibility and has painted humanitarian aid as an ulterior motive. Additionally, countries that are struggling to contain polio are suffering from resource shortages and new health issues prompted by the Covid-19 pandemic. As millions of immunizations were missed during the pandemic, there has been concern for a global uprising of polio following surges of polio cases in both endemic and polio-free countries. Although eradication programs in the past have emphasized the need for programs tailored to communities’ needs and a strong sense of global collaboration, this strategy has been poorly utilized by recent polio programs.

Conclusion

Efforts to eliminate polio go beyond acquiring the tools for eradication. Although effective interventions and screening procedures for polio exist, eradication cannot be achieved unless barriers to accessibility and poor political will are addressed. Given this, polio resurgences demand a change in the way polio is perceived by the public as well as a unified global commitment to eradicate polio.

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来源期刊

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Medicine-Health Policy

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

107

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： This review aims to compare approaches to medical ethics and bioethics in two forms, Anglo-Saxon (Ethics, Medicine and Public Health) and French (Ethique, Médecine et Politiques Publiques). Thus, in their native languages, the authors will present research on the legitimacy of the practice and appreciation of the consequences of acts towards patients as compared to the limits acceptable by the community, as illustrated by the democratic debate.