Ethics, Medicine and Public Health最新文献_第3页

Erroneous diagnosis of scleroderma in Archangel Raphael with Bishop Domonte (1680) by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo 巴托洛梅-埃斯特万-穆里略创作的《大天使拉斐尔与多蒙特主教》（1680 年）中对硬皮病的错误诊断

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100985

N. Kluger , M. Prilutskaya

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A case from Argentina on the ethical imperative to prioritize children in the health and climate change research agenda 阿根廷关于在健康和气候变化研究议程中优先考虑儿童的伦理必要性的案例

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101004

C. Kaufman , T. Daly , M.F. Santi

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Neuro-ophthalmological pathology in a “Portrait of a Young Woman” from Roman Egypt at the Toledo Museum of Art (USA)? 托莱多艺术博物馆（美国）收藏的罗马埃及 "年轻女子肖像 "中的神经眼科病理？

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100998

A.I. Cucu , L.H. Corcoran , A. Perciaccante , A.G. Nerlich , R. Bianucci

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When surrogates choose suffering 当代孕者选择痛苦时

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100997

F. Al-Moussally , E. Casey

{"title":"When surrogates choose suffering","authors":"F. Al-Moussally , E. Casey","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In modern era medicine, patient's autonomy is held in the epitome of medical decision making. When patients lose decision making capacity, providers try to the best of their ability to uphold patient's pre-expressed wishes. Substituted judgment can take many forms, such as consulting with next of kin, surrogate decision makers, court appointed guardian, and emergency consent. The goal is to answer: What is in the patient's best interest and what would the patient want if they could speak for themselves?</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>We present a case of an elderly patient with a diagnosis of terminal lungcancer with metastasis to the brain, liver, and bones who presented with complaints of weakness and altered mental status. Although the patient could not speak, they exhibited signs and symptoms of severe pain. The surrogate refused to provide the patient with analgesics. The ethics committee was consulted to help navigate the situation and facilitate a solution. We discuss in this manuscript some important background and guiding ethical principles and describe how our case resolved.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Substituted judgment is considered a basic guiding principle when making decisions for incapacitated patients; where providers and surrogate decision makers try to make decisions that the patient would have made. Literature illustrates that this framework is not free of fault. Our case emphasizes the importance of understanding the guiding principles in medical ethics and consulting the ethics department when unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Perspectives</h3><p>Though the pursuit of substituted judgment is well-intended, it is not infallible. It is important to recognize this when having discussions with surrogate decision makers and understanding that alternative models could be a better fit in certain situations. All while trying to the best of the provider's ability to uphold patient's wishes and best interests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pandemic, minorities, and prejudice: Distinguishing knowledge and thought 流行病、少数群体和偏见：区分知识与思想

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100996

M. Simões Mendes

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“Better than ever”: The ethical and pharmacologic management of a severely anemic bloodless medicine patient "比以往更好"：严重贫血的无血病人的伦理和药物管理

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100973

K. Johnson-Arbor

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Does autopsy still play a role in the diagnostic process? Future perspectives on clinical autopsy 尸体解剖在诊断过程中仍起作用吗？临床尸检的未来展望

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100986

L. Tomassini , M. Bacci

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The potential role of artificial intelligence in countering antimicrobial resistance 人工智能在应对抗菌药耐药性方面的潜在作用

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100995

A. Vitiello , M. Sabbatucci , R. Sorrentino , A. Zovi

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An international comparison study between public opinion in the UK and Japan regarding capital punishment and the use of an insanity defense 英国和日本关于死刑和使用精神错乱辩护的民意国际比较研究

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100966

A. Shiina , T. Niitsu , A. Tomoto , Y. Igarashi , E. Shimizu , M. Iyo

{"title":"An international comparison study between public opinion in the UK and Japan regarding capital punishment and the use of an insanity defense","authors":"A. Shiina , T. Niitsu , A. Tomoto , Y. Igarashi , E. Shimizu , M. Iyo","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Capital punishment represents a pivotal approach to addressing crimes. Although numerous nations, including the UK, have abolished capital punishment, Japan upholds it. This study aimed to elucidate public opinion in the UK and Japan regarding capital punishment and the application of an insanity defense.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>A web-based survey was utilized to gauge opinions in both countries about capital punishment and to understand the reasons underpinning these viewpoints. Additionally, respondents’ perspectives on using an insanity defense were solicited.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings revealed that a majority of Japanese and nearly half of the UK respondents were supportive of capital punishment. Conversely, Japanese citizens largely opposed the provision of an insanity defense, while the UK citizens appeared more accepting. Advocates for capital punishment held a belief in its deterrent effect, viewing it as a proportionate form of retribution within the penal system.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Several differences between the UK and Japan regarding public opinions toward capital punishment can be explained from several perspectives. These findings may offer valuable insights for discussing future policy direction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100966"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235255252400001X/pdfft?md5=c623bd4a758123be16aa09b1aa9de313&pid=1-s2.0-S235255252400001X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139548587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advocacy for the preservation of osteological heritage in the context of biomedical universities 倡导在生物医学大学背景下保护骨学遗产

Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100974

S. Jacquot Barreau , A. Augias , P. Charlier

{"title":"Advocacy for the preservation of osteological heritage in the context of biomedical universities","authors":"S. Jacquot Barreau , A. Augias , P. Charlier","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2024.100974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>An anonymous donation of bone elements to the Laboratory of Anthropology, Archeology, Biology (LAAB) (UVSQ/Paris-Saclay) once again raises the question of the future of heritage and university osteological collections. It allows to alert about the fragility of osteological collections and the risk of their disappearance.</p></div><div><h3>Context</h3><p>The treatment, conservation and future of human remains are currently at the heart of intense debates among heritage and archeology professionals as well as within the legislative apparatus in France. French law concerning the conservation and valorization of ancient human remains vague, which encourages heterogeneous decision-making on the territory regarding their management. Heritage osteological collections and unofficial collections are threatened whether by the need of selecting sorting, by request of reburial, or by disinterest. Digital technologies currently offer solutions in particular for the preservation of archaeological remains by protecting them from repeated and sometimes unnecessary manipulations. But these solutions are not without ethical and financial questions, and do not exempt the need to preserve anthropobiological remains for subsequent complementary or contradictory studies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In fact, the preservation, in their integrity, of serial anthropobiological collections and particularly osteological collections, remains essential for teaching and research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100974"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352552524000094/pdfft?md5=7e3ec509e44516131886c02bc1061536&pid=1-s2.0-S2352552524000094-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140030190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0