HardwareX最新文献_第8页

Design & automation of a small-scale towing tank for flow visualization 用于流量可视化的小型拖曳罐的设计与自动化

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00585

Jeremiah Takyi, Heather R. Beem

{"title":"Design & automation of a small-scale towing tank for flow visualization","authors":"Jeremiah Takyi, Heather R. Beem","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the towing tank is a standard piece of equipment used to investigate fluid phenomena, it primarily exists as custom-built hardware that takes up a significant footprint. The size, cost, and custom-built nature have heretofore inhibited the production of this equipment in the authors’ context, an African university. This paper presents a small-scale (1000 mm x 200 mm x 200 mm), low-cost (<$1,000) towing tank made using readily available components and basic digital fabrication tools. Other universities on the continent and beyond can hence create this foundational platform for fluid mechanics-related teaching and research. Leveraging an Arduino microcontroller loaded with the GRBL firmware, G-code is sent from the computer to stepper motors to execute movements in two axes. This allows for automation capabilities, controlled towing speeds, and consistent experimental conditions. Validation tests revealed motion accuracy within 1 %. A glitter-based flow visualization approach to measuring surface phenomena is demonstrated here. Experiments conducted successfully visualized relevant flow characteristics generated by bluff bodies being towed in the tank. As the Reynolds number increased within the operating range, wider wakes and larger, more distinct vortices were generated, as expected. This platform can be replicated widely in institutions that may otherwise forego experimentation in fluid mechanics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article e00585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000798/pdfft?md5=33a5afc6aa1702b24f0e866d4e6d7d8b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000798-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple channels, low-cost, and dual data storage data logger for building a soil temperature network 用于构建土壤温度网络的多通道、低成本、双数据存储数据记录器

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00582

Gustavo N. Santiago , Ignacio Ciampitti

{"title":"Multiple channels, low-cost, and dual data storage data logger for building a soil temperature network","authors":"Gustavo N. Santiago , Ignacio Ciampitti","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temperature measurement is critical in many areas of research, particularly in agriculture, where it can have a significant impact on crop health and yield. Experiments such as seed germination often require numerous temperature sensors to collect extensive data. Typically, data loggers are used to store information, but market options are expensive and offer limited, non-customizable inputs (channels), creating challenges for comprehensive soil temperature monitoring. This study aims to develop a network of open-source, low-cost data loggers with multiple customizable channels for local and remote temperature data storage. The hardware includes Arduino, temperature sensors, a Real Time Clock, and a LoRa module to transmit data to a LILYGO TTGO board, which sends it to a remote MongoDB database while also storing it locally on a microSD card. In addition, a digital tool was developed to retrieve and display both current and historical readings from the MongoDB database. The total cost of this hardware is approximately US$ 72 (based on current prices) for the simplest network, which is approximately 18 % of the commercial cost. The system achieved a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.6 °C compared to a manual sampling probe thermometer, proving it to be a reliable measurement source. The hardware developed in this study surpasses commercial options by allowing the integration of multiple sensors and emitters, creating a network of data loggers at a lower cost. In addition to the hardware, an open-source digital tool was developed to visualize historical data at no additional cost.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article e00582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000762/pdfft?md5=776090d0e6183fb5d682a02ca49aa7c1&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000762-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BioSense: An automated sensing node for organismal and environmental biology BioSense：用于生物和环境生物学的自动传感节点

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00584

Andrea Contina , Eric Abelson , Brendan Allison , Brian Stokes , Kenedy F. Sanchez , Henry M. Hernandez , Anna M. Kepple , Quynhmai Tran , Isabella Kazen , Katherine A. Brown , Je’aime H. Powell , Timothy H. Keitt

{"title":"BioSense: An automated sensing node for organismal and environmental biology","authors":"Andrea Contina , Eric Abelson , Brendan Allison , Brian Stokes , Kenedy F. Sanchez , Henry M. Hernandez , Anna M. Kepple , Quynhmai Tran , Isabella Kazen , Katherine A. Brown , Je’aime H. Powell , Timothy H. Keitt","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Automated remote sensing has revolutionized the fields of wildlife ecology and environmental science. Yet, a cost-effective and flexible approach for large scale monitoring has not been fully developed, resulting in a limited collection of high-resolution data. Here, we describe BioSense, a low-cost and fully programmable automated sensing platform for applications in bioacoustics and environmental studies. Our design offers customization and flexibility to address a broad array of research goals and field conditions. Each BioSense is programmed through an integrated Raspberry Pi computer board and designed to collect and analyze avian vocalizations while simultaneously collecting temperature, humidity, and soil moisture data. We illustrate the different steps involved in manufacturing this sensor including hardware and software design and present the results of our laboratory and field testing in southwestern United States.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article e00584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000786/pdfft?md5=ad6045c212fa76ca2cac78c8944e97b3&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000786-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Citizen science: Development of a low-cost magnetometer system for a coordinated space weather monitoring 公民科学：开发用于协调空间天气监测的低成本磁强计系统

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00580

Hyomin Kim , David Witten , Julius Madey , Nathaniel Frissell , John Gibbons , William Engelke , Anderson Liddle , Nicholas Muscolino , Joseph Visone , Zhaoshu Cao

{"title":"Citizen science: Development of a low-cost magnetometer system for a coordinated space weather monitoring","authors":"Hyomin Kim , David Witten , Julius Madey , Nathaniel Frissell , John Gibbons , William Engelke , Anderson Liddle , Nicholas Muscolino , Joseph Visone , Zhaoshu Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As part of Ham Radio Science Citizen Investigation (HamSCI) Personal Space Weather Station (PSWS) project, a low-cost, commercial off-the-shelf magnetometer has been developed to provide quantitative and qualitative measurements of the geospace environment from the ground for both scientific and operational purposes at a cost that will allow for crowd-sourced data contributions. The PSWS magnetometers employ a magneto-inductive sensor technology to record three-axis magnetic field variations with a field resolution of <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>3 nT at a 1 Hz sample rate. The measurement range of the sensor is <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> nT) and is valid over a temperature range of −40 °C to +85 °C. Data from the PSWS network will combine these magnetometer measurements with high frequency (HF, 3–30 MHz) radio observations to monitor large-scale current systems and ionospheric disturbances due to drivers from both space and the atmosphere. A densely-spaced magnetometer array, once established, will demonstrate their space weather monitoring capability to an unprecedented spatial extent. Magnetic field data obtained by the magnetometers installed at various locations in the US are presented and compared with the existing magnetometers nearby, demonstrating that the performance is very adequate for scientific investigations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article e00580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000749/pdfft?md5=a2d235f16d0bcbfda17c4c4838c2eff7&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000749-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A modular and flexible open source cell incubator system for mobile and stationary use 模块化、灵活的开源细胞培养器系统，可移动和固定使用

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00571

Jens Duru , Benedikt Maurer , Tobias Ruff , Katarina Vulić , Julian Hengsteler , Sophie Girardin , János Vörös , Stephan J. Ihle

{"title":"A modular and flexible open source cell incubator system for mobile and stationary use","authors":"Jens Duru , Benedikt Maurer , Tobias Ruff , Katarina Vulić , Julian Hengsteler , Sophie Girardin , János Vörös , Stephan J. Ihle","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Culturing living cells <em>in vitro</em> requires the maintenance of physiological conditions for extended periods of time. Here, we introduce a versatile and affordable incubation system, addressing the limitations of traditional incubation systems. Conventionally, stationary cell incubators maintain constant temperature and gas levels for <em>in vitro</em> cell culturing. Combining such incubators with additional lab equipment proves challenging. The presented platform offers modularity and adaptability, enabling customization to diverse experimental needs. The system includes a main unit with a user-friendly interface as well as an interchangeable incubation chamber. We present two incubation chambers targeting two completely different use cases. The first chamber, named “inkugo” facilitates the transportation of cells for up to two hours without external power and for more than a day without an external CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> source. The second chamber termed “inkubox” was designed to enable continuous electrophysiological recordings. Recordings from up to four neural cultures growing on high-density microelectrode arrays can be performed in parallel. The system’s unique feature lies in its separability of control and incubation components, allowing one control unit to manage various custom chambers. The design’s simplicity and the use of widely accessible components make the here proposed incubation system replicable for any laboratory. This platform fosters collaboration and experimentation in both decentralized and traditional laboratory settings, making it an invaluable addition to any cell culturing pipeline.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article e00571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000658/pdfft?md5=c3f19fff44793f5d31353c6dd5141fbf&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000658-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Turbolysis: A low-cost, small footprint alternative to commercial bead beaters for cell lysis 透析：用于细胞裂解的商用拍珠机的低成本、小体积替代品

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00576

Jason D. Limberis, John Z. Metcalfe

引用次数: 0

Robust and low-cost open-source device for detecting infectious microorganisms by loop-mediated isothermal amplification 利用环介导等温扩增技术检测传染性微生物的可靠、低成本开源装置

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00568

Jorge Otero , Miguel A. Rodríguez-Lázaro , Arturo Martínez-Trejo , Daniel Mbanze , Gorka Solana , Andrea Vergara , Salvador Bosch , David Gozal , Jordi Vila , Ramon Farré

{"title":"Robust and low-cost open-source device for detecting infectious microorganisms by loop-mediated isothermal amplification","authors":"Jorge Otero , Miguel A. Rodríguez-Lázaro , Arturo Martínez-Trejo , Daniel Mbanze , Gorka Solana , Andrea Vergara , Salvador Bosch , David Gozal , Jordi Vila , Ramon Farré","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) is a useful technique for detecting infectious microorganisms in human fluids since it performs similarly to conventional PCR, the results are obtained faster and no thermocyclers or complex devices are required. Since only two isothermal blocks (95 °C to lyse cells and 65 °C for DNA amplification) are needed, LAMP is particularly suited for applications in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). To validate such assumption, we first designed and tested Arduino-controlled LAMP thermoblocks to process a considerable number of samples simultaneously with a low-energy consumption to enable routine use under worst-case conditions (no main power source and low ambient temperatures).The thermoblocks were tested when battery-powered at temperature down to 5 °C, showing high stability in well temperatures (<0.8 °C). The charge required for both thermoblocks to simultaneously achieve the target temperatures after switching on and to keep their working temperatures were 4.1 A·h and 2.4 A·h/h, respectively. Second, we implemented a low-cost viewer with LEDs and filters to detect the fluorescent LAMP reaction. All the components required for the instrument are for general purpose and readily available by e-commerce. Thus, the LAMP device allows for considerable autonomy by using a typical car battery in rural and itinerant healthcare or field hospitals in LMICs, even under difficult environmental conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article e00568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000622/pdfft?md5=f80c4379d2ef4cff02a8017afa0a35a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000622-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synchronising an IMX219 image sensor and AS7265x spectral sensor to make a novel low-cost spectral camera 同步使用 IMX219 图像传感器和 AS7265x 光谱传感器，制造新型低成本光谱相机

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00573

Charles Sutherland , Alan D. Henderson , Dean R. Giosio , Andrew J. Trotter , Greg G. Smith

{"title":"Synchronising an IMX219 image sensor and AS7265x spectral sensor to make a novel low-cost spectral camera","authors":"Charles Sutherland , Alan D. Henderson , Dean R. Giosio , Andrew J. Trotter , Greg G. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A low-cost novel spectral camera able to be used for near infrared spectroscopy was made by using a Jetson Nano to synchronize a Sony IMX219 NOIR autofocus image sensor, an AMS AS7265x 18-channel spectral sensor and Osram SFH 4737 broadband infrared LED’s. Synchronizing an image sensor and spectral sensor augments a standard RGB image with light spectrum information; capturing the light distribution information normally lost in RGB image capture. Sutherland et al. [1] used this novel spectral camera to examine the dorsal surface of juvenile lobsters as a possible pre-moult detector. Having the image and spectrum in combination allowed the incomplete and unmineralized post-moult dorsal surface to be characterized with 86.7% accuracy for the first time. A proposed application for the spectral camera is to omit the local SFH 4737 light source and use the camera in daylight, effectively making a low-cost substitute hyperspectral snapshot camera. In this configuration the camera may have application for low-cost drone deployment for small scale agriculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article e00573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000671/pdfft?md5=1dcffea6e1fdc274013a521b3e03a13e&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000671-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142117682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MULA, an affordable framework for multifunctional liquid automation in natural- and life sciences with a focus on hardware design, setup, modularity and validation MULA，一个用于自然科学和生命科学领域多功能液体自动化的经济实惠的框架，侧重于硬件设计、设置、模块化和验证

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00581

Leon F. Richter , Wolfgang R.E. Büchele , Alexander Imhof, Fritz E. Kühn

{"title":"MULA, an affordable framework for multifunctional liquid automation in natural- and life sciences with a focus on hardware design, setup, modularity and validation","authors":"Leon F. Richter , Wolfgang R.E. Büchele , Alexander Imhof, Fritz E. Kühn","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The implementation of automation has already had a considerable impact on chemical and pharmaceutical industrial laboratories. However, academic laboratories have often been more reluctant to adopt such technology due to the high cost of commercial liquid handling systems, although, in many instances, there would be a huge potential to automate repetitive tasks, resulting in elevated productivity. We present here a detailed description of the setup, validation, and utilization of a multifunctional liquid automation (MULA) system that can be used to automate various chemical and biological tasks. Considering that such a setup must be highly customizable, we also designed MULA with respect to modularity, providing detailed insight as far as possible. Including all 3D-printed parts and the used Hamilton gastight micro syringe, the total construction cost is approximately 700 €. This allows us to achieve a highly reliable and accurate system that exceeds the precision of a classical air displacement pipette while still retaining the ability to use closed vial (septa) setups. To encourage other groups to adopt this setup, detailed instructions and tips for every step of the process are provided, along with the complete CAD design of MULA and control code, which are freely available for download under the CC BY NC 3.0 license.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article e00581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000750/pdfft?md5=6392b230b5dd44d0914a46c33aa6c3f0&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000750-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A modular, isolated high-voltage switch for application in ion mobility spectrometry 应用于离子迁移谱仪的模块化隔离高压开关

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00574

Martin Lippmann, Moritz Hitzemann, Jonas Winkelholz, David Bailey, Stefan Zimmermann

{"title":"A modular, isolated high-voltage switch for application in ion mobility spectrometry","authors":"Martin Lippmann, Moritz Hitzemann, Jonas Winkelholz, David Bailey, Stefan Zimmermann","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ion mobility spectrometry is an emerging technology in trace gas analysis that has moved from typical safety and security applications to many other fields ranging from environmental and food quality monitoring to medicine and life sciences. Nevertheless, further dissemination, including the development of new instruments and the expansion into new fields of application requires the availability of the fundamental components of ion mobility spectrometers. For example, the electronics is essential for the analytical performance, but is only provided by specialized manufacturers due to specific requirements. In this paper, we present a modular, isolated high-voltage switch that can be operated at an isolated potential. The modular design enables tailoring its configuration to the required application. Each module can switch a voltage of up to 3 kV, and can be operated with an offset voltage of up to 7 kV. The switch has rise and fall times of less than 25 ns, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, e.g., in ion mobility spectrometry. Finally, the presented modular, isolated high-voltage switch was used in a push–pull configuration to generate the injection pulse of the ion gate. The new modular, isolated high-voltage switch shows similar performance compared to a commercially available high-voltage switch.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article e00574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224000683/pdfft?md5=c0b7647745783914fcf83f5f4a8efb0d&pid=1-s2.0-S2468067224000683-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0