European Radiology Experimental最新文献

{"title":"CT and MRI radiomic features of lung cancer (NSCLC): comparison and software consistency.","authors":"Chandra Bortolotto, Alessandra Pinto, Francesca Brero, Gaia Messana, Raffaella Fiamma Cabini, Ian Postuma, Agnese Robustelli Test, Giulia Maria Stella, Giulia Galli, Manuel Mariani, Silvia Figini, Alessandro Lascialfari, Andrea Riccardo Filippi, Olivia Maria Bottinelli, Lorenzo Preda","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00468-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00468-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiomics is a quantitative approach that allows the extraction of mineable data from medical images. Despite the growing clinical interest, radiomics studies are affected by variability stemming from analysis choices. We aimed to investigate the agreement between two open-source radiomics software for both contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of lung cancers and to preliminarily evaluate the existence of radiomic features stable for both techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Contrast-enhanced CT and MRI images of 35 patients affected with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were manually segmented and preprocessed using three different methods. Sixty-six Image Biomarker Standardisation Initiative-compliant features common to the considered platforms, PyRadiomics and LIFEx, were extracted. The correlation among features with the same mathematical definition was analyzed by comparing PyRadiomics and LIFEx (at fixed imaging technique), and MRI with CT results (for the same software).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When assessing the agreement between LIFEx and PyRadiomics across the considered resampling, the maximum statistically significant correlations were observed to be 94% for CT features and 95% for MRI ones. When examining the correlation between features extracted from contrast-enhanced CT and MRI using the same software, higher significant correspondences were identified in 11% of features for both software.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considering NSCLC, (i) for both imaging techniques, LIFEx and PyRadiomics agreed on average for 90% of features, with MRI being more affected by resampling and (ii) CT and MRI contained mostly non-redundant information, but there are shape features and, more importantly, texture features that can be singled out by both techniques.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>Identifying and selecting features that are stable cross-modalities may be one of the strategies to pave the way for radiomics clinical translation.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• More than 90% of LIFEx and PyRadiomics features contain the same information. • Ten percent of features (shape, texture) are stable among contrast-enhanced CT and MRI. • Software compliance and cross-modalities stability features are impacted by the resampling method.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility and repeatability of quantitative T2 and T2* mapping of osteosarcomas in a mouse model.","authors":"Raheleh Roudi, Laura J Pisani, Fabrizio Pisani, Tie Liang, Heike E Daldrup-Link","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00467-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00467-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>New immunotherapies activate tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the osteosarcoma microenvironment. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are phagocytosed by TAMs and, therefore, enable TAM detection on T2*- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. We assessed the repeatability and reproducibility of T2*- and T2-mapping of osteosarcomas in a mouse model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen BALB/c mice bearing-murine osteosarcomas underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on 3-T and 7-T scanners before and after intravenous IONP infusion, using T2*-weighted multi-gradient-echo, T2-weighted fast spin-echo, and T2-weighted multi-echo sequences. Each sequence was repeated twice. Tumor T2 and T2* relaxation times were measured twice by two independent investigators. Repeatability and reproducibility of measurements were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found excellent agreement between duplicate acquisitions for both T2* and T2 measurements at either magnetic field strength, by the same individual (repeatability), and between individuals (reproducibility). The repeatability concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) for T2* values were 0.99 (coefficients of variation (CoV) 4.43%) for reader 1 and 0.98 (CoV 5.82%) for reader 2. The reproducibility of T2* values between the two readers was 0.99 (CoV 3.32%) for the first acquisitions and 0.99 (CoV 6.30%) for the second acquisitions. Regarding T2 values, the repeatability of CCC was similar for both readers, 0.98 (CoV 3.64% for reader 1 and 4.45% for reader 2). The CCC of the reproducibility of T2 was 0.99 (CoV 3.1%) for the first acquisition and 0.98 (CoV 4.38%) for the second acquisition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrated high repeatability and reproducibility of quantitative T2* and T2 mapping for monitoring the presence of TAMs in osteosarcomas.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>T2* and T2 measurements of osteosarcomas on IONP-enhanced MRI could allow identifying patients who may benefit from TAM-modulating immunotherapies and for monitoring treatment response. The technique described here could be also applied across a wide range of other solid tumors.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• Optimal integration of TAM-modulating immunotherapies with conventional chemotherapy remains poorly elucidated. • We found high repeatability of T2* and T2 measurements of osteosarcomas in a mouse model, both with and without IONPs contrast, at 3-T and 7-T MRI field strengths. • T2 and T2* mapping may be used to determine response to macrophage-modulating cancer immunotherapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11176138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual noncontrast images reveal gouty tophi in contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT: a phantom study.","authors":"Karim Khayata, Torsten Diekhoff, Jürgen Mews, Sydney Schmolke, Maximilian Kotlyarov","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00466-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00466-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is useful for detecting gouty tophi. While iodinated contrast media (ICM) might enhance the detection of monosodium urate crystals (MSU), higher iodine concentrations hamper their detection. Calculating virtual noncontrast (VNC) images might improve the detection of enhancing tophi. The aim of this study was to evaluate MSU detection with VNC images from DECT acquisitions in phantoms, compared against the results with standard DECT reconstructions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A grid-like and a biophantom with 25 suspensions containing different concentrations of ICM (0 to 2%) and MSU (0 to 50%) were scanned with sequential single-source DECT using an ascending order of tube current time product at 80 kVp (16.5-220 mAs) and 135 kVp (2.75-19.25 mAs). VNC images were equivalently reconstructed at 80 and 135 kVp. Two-material decomposition analysis for MSU detection was applied for the VNC and conventional CT images. MSU detection and attenuation values were compared in both modalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2% ICM, the average detection indices (DIs) for all MSU concentrations (35-50%) with VNC postprocessing were respectively 25.2, 36.6, 30.9, 38.9, and 45.8% for the grid phantom scans and 11.7, 9.4, 5.5, 24.0, and 25.0% for the porcine phantom scans. In the conventional CT image group, the average DIs were respectively 35.4, 54.3, 45.4, 1.0, and 0.0% for the grid phantom and 19.4, 17.9, 3.0, 0.0, and 0.0% for the porcine phantom scans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VNC effectively reduces the suppression of information caused by high concentrations of ICM, thereby improving the detection of MSU.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>Contrast-enhanced DECT alone may suffice for diagnosing gout without a native acquisition.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• Highly concentrated contrast media hinders monosodium urate crystal detection in CT imaging • Virtual noncontrast imaging redetects monosodium urate crystals in high-iodinated contrast media concentrations. • Contrast-enhanced DECT alone may suffice for diagnosing gout without a native acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"²³Na MRI: inter-reader reproducibility of normal fibroglandular sodium concentration measurements at 3 T.","authors":"Otso Arponen, Mary A McLean, Muzna Nanaa, Roido Manavaki, Gabrielle C Baxter, Andrew B Gill, Frank Riemer, Aneurin J Kennerley, Ramona Woitek, Joshua D Kaggie, William J Brackenbury, Fiona J Gilbert","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00465-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00465-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To study the reproducibility of ²³Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements from breast tissue in healthy volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a dual-tuned bilateral ²³Na/¹H breast coil at 3-T MRI, high-resolution ²³Na MRI three-dimensional cones sequences were used to quantify total sodium concentration (TSC) and fluid-attenuated sodium concentration (FASC). B₁-corrected TSC and FASC maps were created. Two readers manually measured mean, minimum and maximum TSC and mean FASC values using two sampling methods: large regions of interest (LROIs) and small regions of interest (SROIs) encompassing fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and the highest signal area at the level of the nipple, respectively. The reproducibility of the measurements and correlations between density, age and FGT apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were evaluatedss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine healthy volunteers were included. The inter-reader reproducibility of TSC and FASC using SROIs and LROIs was excellent (intraclass coefficient range 0.945-0.979, p < 0.001), except for the minimum TSC LROI measurements (p = 0.369). The mean/minimum LROI TSC and mean LROI FASC values were lower than the respective SROI values (p < 0.001); the maximum LROI TSC values were higher than the SROI TSC values (p = 0.009). TSC correlated inversely with age but not with FGT ADCs. The mean and maximum FGT TSC and FASC values were higher in dense breasts in comparison to non-dense breasts (p < 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The chosen sampling method and the selected descriptive value affect the measured TSC and FASC values, although the inter-reader reproducibility of the measurements is in general excellent.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>²³Na MRI at 3 T allows the quantification of TSC and FASC sodium concentrations. The sodium measurements should be obtained consistently in a uniform manner.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• ²³Na MRI allows the quantification of total and fluid-attenuated sodium concentrations (TSC/FASC). • Sampling method (large/small region of interest) affects the TSC and FASC values. • Dense breasts have higher TSC and FASC values than non-dense breasts. • The inter-reader reproducibility of TSC and FASC measurements was, in general, excellent. • The results suggest the importance of stratifying the sodium measurements protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-of-flight MRA of intracranial vessels at 7 T.","authors":"Mirco Cosottini, Tommaso Calzoni, Guido Andrea Lazzarotti, Alessandro Grigolini, Paolo Bosco, Paolo Cecchi, Michela Tosetti, Laura Biagi, Graziella Donatelli","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00463-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00463-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) is a largely adopted non-invasive technique for assessing cerebrovascular diseases. We aimed to optimize the 7-T TOF-MRA acquisition protocol, confirm that it outperforms conventional 3-T TOF-MRA, and compare 7-T TOF-MRA with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in patients with different vascular pathologies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven-tesla TOF-MRA sequences with different spatial resolutions acquired in four healthy subjects were compared with 3-T TOF-MRA for signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios as well as using a qualitative scale for vessel visibility and the quantitative Canny algorithm. Four patients with cerebrovascular disease (primary arteritis of the central nervous system, saccular aneurism, arteriovenous malformation, and dural arteriovenous fistula) underwent optimized 7-T TOF-MRA and DSA as reference. Images were compared visually and using the complex-wavelet structural similarity index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Contrast-to-noise ratio was higher at 7 T (4.5 ± 0.8 (mean ± standard deviation)) than at 3 T (2.7 ± 0.9). The mean quality score for all intracranial vessels was higher at 7 T (2.89) than at 3 T (2.28). Angiogram quality demonstrated a better vessel border detection at 7 T than at 3 T (44,166 versus 28,720 pixels). Of 32 parameters used for diagnosing cerebrovascular diseases on DSA, 27 (84%) were detected on 7-T TOF-MRA; the similarity index ranged from 0.52 (dural arteriovenous fistula) to 0.90 (saccular aneurysm).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Seven-tesla TOF-MRA outperformed conventional 3-T TOF-MRA in evaluating intracranial vessels and exhibited an excellent image quality when compared to DSA. Seven-tesla TOF-MRA might improve the non-invasive diagnostic approach to several cerebrovascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>An optimized TOF-MRA sequence at 7 T outperforms 3-T TOF-MRA, opening perspectives to its clinical use for noninvasive diagnosis of paradigmatic pathologies of intracranial vessels.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• An optimized 7-T TOF-MRA protocol was selected for comparison with clinical 3-T TOF-MRA for assessing intracranial vessels. • Seven-tesla TOF-MRA outperformed 3-T TOF-MRA in both quantitative and qualitative evaluation. • Seven-tesla TOF-MRA is comparable to DSA for the diagnosis and characterization of intracranial vascular pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-efficient combined morphologic and quantitative joint MRI: an in situ study of standardized knee cartilage defects in human cadaveric specimens.","authors":"Teresa Lemainque, Nicola Pridöhl, Shuo Zhang, Marc Huppertz, Manuel Post, Can Yüksel, Masami Yoneyama, Andreas Prescher, Christiane Kuhl, Daniel Truhn, Sven Nebelung","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00462-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00462-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quantitative techniques such as T2 and T1ρ mapping allow evaluating the cartilage and meniscus. We evaluated multi-interleaved X-prepared turbo-spin echo with intuitive relaxometry (MIXTURE) sequences with turbo spin-echo (TSE) contrast and additional parameter maps versus reference TSE sequences in an in situ model of human cartilage defects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Standardized cartilage defects of 8, 5, and 3 mm in diameter were created in the lateral femora of ten human cadaveric knee specimens (81 ± 10 years old; nine males, one female). MIXTURE sequences providing proton density-weighted fat-saturated images and T2 maps or T1-weighted images and T1ρ maps as well as the corresponding two- and three-dimensional TSE reference sequences were acquired before and after defect creation (3-T scanner; knee coil). Defect delineability, bone texture, and cartilage relaxation times were quantified. Appropriate parametric or non-parametric tests were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, defect delineability and texture features were not significantly different between the MIXTURE and reference sequences (p ≤ 0.47). After defect creation, relaxation times significantly increased in the central femur (T2_pre = 51 ± 4 ms [mean ± standard deviation] versus T2_post = 56 ± 4 ms; p = 0.002) and all regions combined (T1ρ_pre = 40 ± 4 ms versus T1ρ_post = 43 ± 4 ms; p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MIXTURE permitted time-efficient simultaneous morphologic and quantitative joint assessment based on clinical image contrasts. While providing T2 or T1ρ maps in clinically feasible scan time, morphologic image features, i.e., cartilage defects and bone texture, were comparable between MIXTURE and reference sequences.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>Equally time-efficient and versatile, the MIXTURE sequence platform combines morphologic imaging using familiar contrasts, excellent image correspondence versus corresponding reference sequences and quantitative mapping information, thereby increasing the diagnostic value beyond mere morphology.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• Combined morphologic and quantitative MIXTURE sequences are based on three-dimensional TSE contrasts. • MIXTURE sequences were studied in an in situ human cartilage defect model. • Morphologic image features, i.e., defect delineabilty and bone texture, were investigated. • Morphologic image features were similar between MIXTURE and reference sequences. • MIXTURE allowed time-efficient simultaneous morphologic and quantitative knee joint assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances and prospects in deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI): a systematic review of in vivo studies.","authors":"Feng Pan, Xinjie Liu, Jiayu Wan, Yusheng Guo, Peng Sun, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Jiazheng Wang, Qingjia Bao, Lian Yang","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00464-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00464-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) has emerged as a promising non-invasive technique for studying metabolism in vivo. This review aims to summarize the current developments and discuss the futures in DMI technique in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted based on the PRISMA 2020 statement by two authors. Specific technical details and potential applications of DMI in vivo were summarized, including strategies of deuterated metabolites detection, deuterium-labeled tracers and corresponding metabolic pathways in vivo, potential clinical applications, routes of tracer administration, quantitative evaluations of metabolisms, and spatial resolution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2,248 articles initially retrieved, 34 were finally included, highlighting 2 strategies for detecting deuterated metabolites: direct and indirect DMI. Various deuterated tracers (e.g., [6,6'-²H2]glucose, [2,2,2'-²H3]acetate) were utilized in DMI to detect and quantify different metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid oxidation. The quantifications (e.g., lactate level, lactate/glutamine and glutamate ratio) hold promise for diagnosing malignancies and assessing early anti-tumor treatment responses. Tracers can be administered orally, intravenously, or intraperitoneally, either through bolus administration or continuous infusion. For metabolic quantification, both serial time point methods (including kinetic analysis and calculation of area under the curves) and single time point quantifications are viable. However, insufficient spatial resolution remains a major challenge in DMI (e.g., 3.3-mL spatial resolution with 10-min acquisition at 3 T).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Enhancing spatial resolution can facilitate the clinical translation of DMI. Furthermore, optimizing tracer synthesis, administration protocols, and quantification methodologies will further enhance their clinical applicability.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>Deuterium metabolic imaging, a promising non-invasive technique, is systematically discussed in this review for its current progression, limitations, and future directions in studying in vivo energetic metabolism, displaying a relevant clinical potential.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) shows promise for studying in vivo energetic metabolism. • This review explores DMI's current state, limits, and future research directions comprehensively. • The clinical translation of DMI is mainly impeded by limitations in spatial resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11144684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropogenic gadolinium in the Tone River (Japan): an update showing a 7.7-fold increase from 1996 to 2020.","authors":"Soma Kumasaka, A Adhipatria P Kartamihardja, Yuka Kumasaka, Satomi Kameo, Hiroshi Koyama, Yoshito Tsushima","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00460-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00460-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anthropogenic gadolinium (Gd), originating from Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is widely identified in the aquatic environment with concerns about toxicity and accumulation. We aimed to present new data on anthropogenic Gd in the Tone River, which has the largest drainage area in Japan, and then to compare the current data with those obtained in 1996.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The water samples were collected on August 9-10, 2020, at 15 different locations of the Tone River in Japan. The concentrations of the rare earth elements (REEs) were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and normalized to Post-Archean Australian Shale to construct shale-normalized REE patterns. The degree of Gd-anomaly was defined as the percentage of anthropogenic Gd to the geogenic background and used to compare the water samples from different locations. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the samples displayed positive Gd anomalies. The Gd-anomaly ranged from 121 to 6,545% and displayed a repeating decrease-and-increase trend. The Gd-anomaly showed strong positive correlations to the number of hospitals (r = 0.88; p < 0.001) and their MRI units (r = 0.89; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed notable anomalies of Gd concentrations in river water in Japan, with strong positive correlations to the number of major hospitals and their MRI units. Compared with the previous report in 2000, the Gd-anomaly in Tone River increased from 851% (sampled in 1996) to 6,545%, i.e., 7.7 times, reflecting the increased use of GBCAs in hospitals.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>Notable Gd concentration anomalies in river water in Japan were observed. This result underlines the importance of more extensive research on anthropogenic gadolinium, and investigations of risks to human health as well as the development of effective removal technologies may be necessary.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• All water samples from Tone River displayed positive Gd anomalies. • The Gd anomalies increased to 7.7 times higher over the past 24 years. • Correlations between Gd values and the number of hospitals and MRI units were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11116359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium quantification in skeletal muscle: comparison between Cartesian gradient-echo and radial ultra-short echo time ²³Na MRI techniques.","authors":"Teresa Gerhalter, Felix Schilling, Nour Zeitouni, Peter Linz, Pierre-Yves Baudin, Dennis Kannenkeril, Christoph Kopp, Anke Dahlmann, Roland Schmieder, Michael Uder, Armin M Nagel, Lena V Gast","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00461-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00461-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies often use Cartesian gradient-echo (GRE) sequences with ~2-ms echo times (TEs) to monitor apparent total sodium concentration (aTSC). We compared Cartesian GRE and ultra-short echo time three-dimensional (3D) radial-readout sequences for measuring skeletal muscle aTSC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated 211 datasets from 112 volunteers aged 62.3 ± 12.1 years (mean ± standard deviation), acquired at 3 T from the lower leg. For ²³Na MRI acquisitions, we used a two-dimensional Cartesian GRE sequence and a density-adapted 3D radial readout sequence with cuboid field-of-view (DA-3D-RAD-C). We calibrated the ²³Na MR signal using reference tubes either with or without agarose and subsequently performed a relaxation correction. Additionally, we employed a six-echo ¹H GRE sequence and a multi-echo spin-echo sequence to calculate proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and water T2. Paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Cohen d_z for paired samples, and Spearman correlation were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relaxation correction effectively reduced the differences in muscle aTSC between the two acquisition and calibration methods (DA-3D-RAD-C using NaCl/agarose references: 20.05 versus 19.14 mM; d_z = 0.395; Cartesian GRE using NaCl/agarose references: 19.50 versus 18.82 mM; d_z = 0.427). Both aTSC of the DA-3D-RAD-C and Cartesian GRE acquisitions showed a small but significant correlation with PDFF as well as with water T2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Different ²³Na MRI acquisition and calibration approaches affect aTSC values. Applying relaxation correction is advised to minimize the impact of sequence parameters on quantification, and considering additional fat correction is advisable for patients with increased fat fractions.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>This study highlights relaxation correction's role in improving sodium MRI accuracy, paving the way for better disease assessment and comparability of measured sodium signal in patients.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• Differences in MRI acquisition methods hamper the comparability of sodium MRI measurements. • Measured sodium values depend on used MRI sequences and calibration method. • Relaxation correction during postprocessing mitigates these discrepancies. • Thus, relaxation correction enhances accuracy of sodium MRI, aiding its clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11109078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of emphysema on AI software and human reader performance in lung nodule detection from low-dose chest CT.","authors":"Nikos Sourlos, GertJan Pelgrim, Hendrik Joost Wisselink, Xiaofei Yang, Gonda de Jonge, Mieneke Rook, Mathias Prokop, Grigory Sidorenkov, Marcel van Tuinen, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Peter M A van Ooijen","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00459-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00459-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emphysema influences the appearance of lung tissue in computed tomography (CT). We evaluated whether this affects lung nodule detection by artificial intelligence (AI) and human readers (HR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals were selected from the \"Lifelines\" cohort who had undergone low-dose chest CT. Nodules in individuals without emphysema were matched to similar-sized nodules in individuals with at least moderate emphysema. AI results for nodular findings of 30-100 mm³ and 101-300 mm³ were compared to those of HR; two expert radiologists blindly reviewed discrepancies. Sensitivity and false positives (FPs)/scan were compared for emphysema and non-emphysema groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-nine participants with and 82 without emphysema were included (n = 121, aged 61 ± 8 years (mean ± standard deviation), 58/121 males (47.9%)). AI and HR detected 196 and 206 nodular findings, respectively, yielding 109 concordant nodules and 184 discrepancies, including 118 true nodules. For AI, sensitivity was 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.57-0.77) in emphysema versus 0.71 (0.62-0.78) in non-emphysema, with FPs/scan 0.51 and 0.22, respectively (p = 0.028). For HR, sensitivity was 0.76 (0.65-0.84) and 0.80 (0.72-0.86), with FPs/scan of 0.15 and 0.27 (p = 0.230). Overall sensitivity was slightly higher for HR than for AI, but this difference disappeared after the exclusion of benign lymph nodes. FPs/scan were higher for AI in emphysema than in non-emphysema (p = 0.028), while FPs/scan for HR were higher than AI for 30-100 mm³ nodules in non-emphysema (p = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI resulted in more FPs/scan in emphysema compared to non-emphysema, a difference not observed for HR.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>In the creation of a benchmark dataset to validate AI software for lung nodule detection, the inclusion of emphysema cases is important due to the additional number of FPs.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>• The sensitivity of nodule detection by AI was similar in emphysema and non-emphysema. • AI had more FPs/scan in emphysema compared to non-emphysema. • Sensitivity and FPs/scan by the human reader were comparable for emphysema and non-emphysema. • Emphysema and non-emphysema representation in benchmark dataset is important for validating AI.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11102890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}