European Radiology Experimental最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: preliminary results.","authors":"Hao Zhang, Yekuan Shi, Yanqin Yu, Zongxi He, Fei Luo, Yue Wu, Tielong Tang, Daiyuan Ma, Suping Li","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00782-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00782-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains associated with poor long-term outcomes, and survival under current treatment is modest. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted alpha therapy using ²²⁵Ac exhibits superior cytotoxicity compared with beta-emitting radiopharmaceuticals; however, dose-limiting xerostomia from salivary gland accumulation restricts clinical application. ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 is a next-generation radioligand designed to reduce off-target salivary uptake while maintaining tumor-targeting efficacy. We evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 in heavily pretreated mCRPC patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective, open-label, single-arm study enrolled 16 patients with progressive mCRPC refractory to standard therapies. Patients received ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 (200 μCi intravenously every 8 weeks). The primary endpoint was treatment-related toxicity per NCI-CTCAE v5.0. Secondary endpoints included ≥ 50% PSA decline (PSA50) and radiographic response per RECIST 1.1/PCWG3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Xerostomia occurred in 75% of patients, predominantly grade-1 (68.8%), with one grade-2 case. Hematologic toxicities were mild-to-moderate: anemia 68.8% (grade 3: 6.3%), leukopenia 25.0% (all grade 1-2). No grade 4 toxicities or treatment-related deaths occurred. Significant laboratory changes included hemoglobin  decrease (117.7 ± 19.2 versus 105.0 ± 19.7 g/L, p = 0 .012). PSA50 response was 37.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.2%-64.6%), with a median PSA change of 18.1% (range: -143.0% to 100.0%). Radiographic response was 31.3% (95% CI: 11.0-58.7%), and the disease control (partial response + stable disease) rate was 62.5% (95% CI: 35.4-84.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this first-in-human study of 16 patients, ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 showed a manageable safety profile with predominantly low-grade xerostomia, a PSA50 response of 37.5%, and an image-based response of 31.3%. Conclusions regarding efficacy and comparative safety require validation in larger prospective trials.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2400083275, Registered 19 April 2024. https://www.chictr.org.cn .</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question What are the safety and efficacy outcomes of the novel alpha-emitting radiopharmaceutical ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 in advanced mCRPC? Findings This first-in-human study demonstrates that ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 produces high PSA response rates with predominantly mild to moderate reversible adverse events. Relevance statement ²²⁵Ac-PSMA-CY313 showed promise as a next-generation PSMA-targeted α-therapy with a favorable safety-efficacy profile for advanced prostate cancer patients with limited therapeutic options, supporting its further clinical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Object size-dependent bias in aortic valve calcium quantification: polychromatic images vs virtual monochromatic images.","authors":"Haruna Sagoh, Masaya Kisohara, Tsuyoshi Ito, Itsuki Honda, Nobuo Kitera, Seita Watanabe, Kazuma Murai, Takumi Fujinaga, Daisuke Takeichi, Ayano Kato, Akio Hiwatashi","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00779-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41747-026-00779-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare aortic valve calcification (AVC) quantifications between polychromatic images (PI) and 70-keV virtual monochromatic images (VMI) obtained from photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT), and to assess the influence of object size on the quantifications.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included participants who underwent PCD-CT for aortic stenosis (AS) assessment or intervention planning between March 2023 and August 2025. AVC was quantified using aortic valve Agatston score (AVAS), calcium volume (AVCV), and calcium mass (AVCM) from both PI and 70-keV VMI. Wilcoxon signed-rank test assessed differences, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and univariable linear regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between the PI/VMI ratio and water-equivalent diameter (WED). Agreement of AVAS-based classification between PI and 70-keV VMI was evaluated using Cohen's κ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 137 participants (median age, 84 years [IQR, 79-88]; 81 women) were included. PI yielded significantly higher values than 70-keV VMI for AVAS, AVCV, and AVCM (all p < 0.001). The PI/VMI ratio showed a strong negative correlation with WED, particularly for AVCM (ρ = -0.73). In univariable regression analyses, WED showed negative associations with the PI/VMI ratios for AVCM and AVAS. Cohen's κ for AVAS-based classification was 0.95-0.96.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with VMI-derived AVC quantification, PI-derived AVC quantification may be influenced by object size-dependent beam hardening. Although this did not lead to substantial AS-severity reclassification, differences in AVC quantification between PI and VMI may warrant consideration.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question: Do PI and VMI yield different AVC quantifications on PCD-CT?</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>PI yielded systematically higher AVC volume, mass, and AVAS than 70-keV VMI. These differences may be associated with object size-dependent beam hardening.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>Object size-dependent beam hardening may contribute to systematic differences in AVC quantification between PI and VMI. Although clinical reclassification was limited, reconstruction-specific differences may warrant consideration when applying CT-based thresholds for AS severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13476407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3-T MRI in vitro characterisation of a SPION-polymer balloon catheter: a proof-of-concept study.","authors":"Paul E Hermann, Thomas Friedrich, Mandy Ahlborg, Maren Friederike Balks, Amelie Wüllner, Wyger M Brink, Maria-Josephina Buhné, Martin A Koch, Malte M Sieren, Dennis Kundrat, Thorsten M Buzug, Roman Kloeckner, Jörg Barkhausen, Alex Frydrychowicz, Franz Wegner","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00778-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00778-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided endovascular interventions represent a radiation-free alternative to x-ray fluoroscopy but remain limited by the lack of compatible and visible instruments. This study aimed to characterise a balloon catheter with polymer-embedded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a passive MR-visible marker.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The SPION balloons consisted of a polymer with integrated iron oxide particles. A custom-built phantom study was conducted on a clinical 3-T MRI scanner using a balanced steady-state free precession sequence. Parameters influencing the balloons' imaging properties were evaluated: SPION content (5 weight percent (wt%), 20 wt% and 30 wt%), flip angle (10° to 60°), the balloons' spatial orientation relative to the main magnetic field B₀, the inflation state and phase-encoding direction across different spatial orientations. The SPION-induced susceptibility artefacts were quantified from segmentations independently performed by two board-certified radiologists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All SPION-polymer balloons were discernible at 3-T MRI across all tested SPION concentrations. No linear correlation was observed between SPION concentration and artefact dimension, with the intermediate concentration of 20 wt% yielding the smallest artefact size. The balloons' artefact dimensions increased with higher angulations relative to B₀. Balloons were visualised in the inflated and deflated configurations. The flip angle had a limited impact on artefact dimensions, while higher flip angles resulted in increased SNR. The influence of phase-encoding direction was generally minor with a single exception (90° coronal plane, AP to RL).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SPION-polymer balloons were effectively visualised at 3-T MRI irrespective of orientation and inflation. This in vitro study outlines a proof-of-concept supporting future clinical use of polymer-integrated SPIONs for passive device visualisation in interventional MRI.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>SPION-polymer balloons can be visualised in 3-T MRI, providing a foundation for future MRI-visible interventional instrument designs.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Visualisation properties of a SPION-polymer balloon catheter were systematically assessed at 3-T MRI to overcome the shortage of MRI-visible instruments. SPION-polymer balloons were effectively visualised across different spatial orientations in the inflated and deflated state. Polymer-integrated SPIONs demonstrate potential as passive instrument markers for MRI-guided interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13473045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148724873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of structured reporting on interpretability of PSMA PET/CT in prostate cancer staging-towards standardised clinical implementation.","authors":"Gloria Biechele, Moritz Schnitzer, Romy Göbel, Niels Bauer, Sarah Takayama Fouladgar, Felix Herr, Mirlind Zaganjori, Adrien Holzgreve, Konrad Klimek, Rudolf Werner, Clemens Cyran, Jens Ricke, Johannes Rübenthaler, Thomas Geyer","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00777-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00777-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the impact of structured reporting (SR) compared with conventional free-text reporting (FTR) on report quality for PSMA PET/CT for diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer (PC) using a dedicated template.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty consecutive patients were included. Original clinical FTRs were compared with SRs retrospectively generated for the same examinations using template-based online software featuring clickable decision trees. Two readers specialised in urology and radioligand therapy independently assessed reports with regard to completeness, ease of information extraction, linguistic and overall report quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FTR achieved higher scores for overall report quality compared with SR (mean 5.46 versus 4.71; p < 0.0001) and was associated with fewer missing key features (present in 36% of FTR versus 54% of SR; p = 0.005). Information was rated sufficient to guide decision-making regarding surgery versus conservative therapy in 91% of FTR compared to 76% of SR (p = 0.018). Information extraction was rated easy in 69% of FTR compared to 50% of SRs (p = 0.007). FTR received higher scores for linguistic quality (mean 5.69 versus 5.09; p < 0.001). The key clinical questions were answered equally between reporting formats (p = 0.68).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In PSMA PET/CT reporting, FTR consistently achieved higher ratings than template-based SR, with respect to overall report quality, clinical usefulness for management decisions, information retrieval, and linguistic quality. These findings underline that the performance of SR strongly depends on template design, implementation workflow, and local reporting expertise, and that SR tools require careful, indication-specific validation.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Does SR improve the quality, completeness, interpretability, and clinical usefulness of PSMA PET/CT reports for PC staging compared with FTR? Findings FTR were rated superior to SR regarding clinical decision-making, completeness, report quality, and information retrieval. Relevance statement In PSMA PET/CT, report format directly affects the usability of imaging findings for therapeutic decision-making. The effectiveness of SR appears dependent on local reporting expertise and clinical context, underscoring the need for prospective, indication-specific validation before routine clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13457528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photon-counting CT iodine maps for late iodine enhancement: a retrospective feasibility study of image quality and reader confidence.","authors":"Viktor Hartung, Philipp Gruschwitz, Julia Karin Serfling, Jaykumar Padodara, Ali Dayoub, Ramin Dazeh, Linus Desing, Alena Kollmann, Nils Petri, Jan-Peter Grunz, Henner Huflage","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00774-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00774-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Myocardial scar assessment is clinically relevant in advanced coronary artery disease, but late iodine enhancement (LIE) CT remains limited by image contrast and validation requirements. This study aimed to evaluate quantitative image quality and reader confidence of photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT)-derived iodine maps for ischemic-type LIE after coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective single-center study including patients referred for work-up of coronary artery disease. LIE was acquired 5 min after contrast injection for coronary CTA (1.5 mL/kg bodyweight, 350 mg/mL iodine concentration). Iodine maps were reconstructed (Qr32, 4-mm slices). Contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) were measured, including scar-myocardium CNR in patients with LIE. Eight readers rated image-quality-based confidence for assessing ischemic-type LIE at ≤ 25%, ≤ 50%, and > 50% transmural extent. Inter-reader agreement was assessed using ICC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine patients (13 women, age 73 ± 9 years, BMI 26.7 ± 6.6 kg/m²) were analyzed; LIE was present in 19/29 patients. Mean scar-myocardium contrast was 26.5 ± 9.8 HU. Median confidence increased with transmural extent: moderate for < 25% myocardium thickness (median 3, IQR 3-4), good for ≤ 50% (median 2, IQR 1-3) and high for > 50% (median 1, IQR 1-2, all p < 0.001). Inter-reader agreement was good across transmurality categories (ICC > 0.795, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCD-CT iodine maps acquired 5 min after coronary CTA provided measurable scar conspicuity and high reader confidence for transmural LIE exceeding 50% wall thickness in this small, selected feasibility cohort. Diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact require prospective validation against LGE-MRI.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question: Delayed PCD-CT iodine maps acquired 5 min after coronary CTA provided interpretable late iodine enhancement images in selected patients.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>In 29 patients, scar-myocardium CNR was 16.2 ± 7.3; reader confidence was high for enhancement involving 50% of myocardial wall thickness and lower for ≤ 25% involvement.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>These feasibility data support prospective validation of delayed iodine maps as a targeted adjunct when myocardial scar information is clinically relevant during cardiac CT work-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13457529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based detection of acute pancreatitis on abdominal contrast-enhanced CT.","authors":"Oleksandra Seidel, Maike Theis, Sebastian Nowak, Laura Garajová, Benjamin Wulff, Wolfgang Block, Lukas Müller, Tilmann Emrich, Julian A Luetkens, Dariusch R Hadizadeh, Alois M Sprinkart, Dmitrij Kravchenko","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00775-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00775-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We developed and evaluated a deep learning (DL) model for image-based detection of acute pancreatitis (AP) on abdominal contrast-enhanced CT (CECT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 552 patients from two university centers (January 2010-January 2026) were included. The internal dataset comprised 207 patients with clinically and radiologically confirmed AP (499 scans) and 250 control patients with suspected AP (368 scans). An independent external validation cohort included 95 patients. Convolutional neural network-based models were trained using monophasic and biphasic CECT data. The final model was evaluated on a 20% patient-level hold-out test set from the internal cohort and on the external cohort. Performance was assessed using the F1 score and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A single-input multiphase model incorporating arterial and portal venous phase scans achieved the best performance, with ensembling applied for biphasic studies. On the internal hold-out test set (n = 116), the model achieved an F1 score of 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.75-0.89) and an AUROC of 0.89 (0.82-0.95). Performance remained robust on external validation (n = 95), with an AUROC of 0.99 (0.96-1.00) and an F1 score of 0.92 (0.86-0.97).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DL enabled accurate CECT-based identification of AP in this retrospective multicenter cohort, with performance maintained in an independent external dataset. Prospective validation using broader and independently adjudicated clinical populations remains necessary.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>The model showed promising performance for CECT-based acute pancreatitis detection but was not designed or tested as a triage system.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Diagnostic uncertainty in acute pancreatitis often arises from nonspecific abdominal symptoms and inter-reader variability in CECT interpretation. The DL model achieved high internal accuracy (AUROC 0.89) and maintained robust performance in an independent external validation cohort (AUROC 0.99).</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the AI chasm in oncology: a standardized platform to enable the in silico clinical validation of AI models within the CHAIMELEON Project.","authors":"Adrian Galiana-Bordera, Javier Aquerreta-Escribano, Pedro Miguel Martinez-Girones, Pau Lozano, Gloria Ribas, Paula Jimenez-Gomez, J Damián Segrelles Quilis, Leonor Cerda-Alberich, Ignacio Blanquer-Espert, Luis Marti-Bonmati","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00770-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00770-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise for improving cancer management, but clinical adoption is limited by the absence of standardized validation tools. As an important step toward bridging the AI chasm, the European CHAIMELEON project addresses this gap by developing a platform for in silico validation of AI models in oncology, aligned with the EUCAIM project.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We designed a web-based platform using Kubernetes microservices architecture, integrating imaging, clinical, and AI components. The backend combines a REST API, an ORTHANC-PACS, and a Keycloak/OAuth2 security layer. The frontend includes a customized OHIF DICOM viewer for oncological case review. Clinicians evaluated cases across three sequential stages: (1) Standard clinical assessment, (2) Assessment with AI predictions, and (3) Final review against clinical endpoint ground truth. The platform also collects clinicians' perceptions of AI utility, trust, workflow integration, and usability through a Likert-scale questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The platform provided efficient access to multimodal data for five cancer types. Clinicians completed structured validations, and survey responses indicated favorable perceptions: 93% found the platform intuitive, over 80% would recommend it, and agreement on AI utility exceeded 40% across most endpoints, indicating a positive reception of the AI as a supportive \"second reader\" tool that prompts clinical re-evaluation rather than simple consensus. Workflow impact was rated positively, underlining the potential to support clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This platform offers a reproducible, scalable, and user-friendly environment for clinical validation of AI models in oncology. Its modular architecture allows integration of additional AI models and is designed to ensure sustainability and interoperability, fostering evidence-based AI adoption in European radiology practice.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06950996.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>How can the medical community standardize the in silico clinical validation of oncology AI models to safely bridge the gap before real-world deployment? We successfully implemented a web-based microservices platform, demonstrating high clinical usability and defining human-AI trust dynamics across five distinct cancer types. This standardized validation framework directly enhances diagnostic confidence and interdisciplinary medical collaboration, bridging technical performance with clinical trust to ensure that innovative artificial intelligence technologies safely optimize daily treatment decisions and ultimately maximize therapeutic success and safety for oncology patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topography of Juxtaventricular white matter hyperintensities and cognitive associations in Alzheimer's disease: a dual-cohort study.","authors":"Yi-Wen Bao, Ya-Qing Ji, Li-Na Wang, Yu Zhou, Fen Wang, Da-Ming Shen, Dmytro Pylypenko, Qiang Tong, Ka-Fung Mak, Li-Li Guo","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00776-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00776-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>White matter hyperintensities (WMHs), a hallmark of cerebral small vessel disease, frequently coexist with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and facilitate cognitive deterioration. Juxtaventricular WMH (JVWMH) is hypothesized to reflect pathological processes at the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-parenchyma interface and hold particular clinical significance. Therefore, this study specifically investigated associations between JVWMH burden and cognitive performance, CSF volume (CSFV), and amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Automated WMH segmentation was applied in two cohorts: 295 from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study and 82 from a memory clinic. All participants underwent 3-T magnetic resonance imaging, amyloid-positron emission tomography, and cognitive assessment. Analyses evaluated JVWMH associations with Aβ, its discriminative value for cognitive impairment (CI) versus cognitively normal (CN), prediction of longitudinal decline, and mediation of CSFV-cognition relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>JVWMH volume significantly discriminated CI from CN participants in both cohorts and predicted cognitive decline in longitudinal AIBL data. JVWMH volume showed strong correlations with CSFV in both cohorts. Notably, JVWMH partially mediated the associations between CSFV and cognition in the AIBL cohort. Non-juxtaventricular WMHs and Fazekas scores demonstrated no significant diagnostic or predictive power.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>JVWMH volume provides diagnostic and prognostic information beyond conventional WMH metrics in AD. Its correlation with CSFV implicates CSF-parenchyma interface processes, though causality remains unproven. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating spatially stratified WMH metrics in AD research to better capture disease-relevant white matter pathology.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question: JVWMH volume provides diagnostic and prognostic value beyond conventional WMH metrics in AD.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>JVWMH volume discriminated CI from normal cognition, predicted longitudinal decline, correlated with CSF volume, and partially mediated CSF volume-cognition associations.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>JVWMH volume provides diagnostic and prognostic information beyond conventional WMH metrics in AD, highlighting the value of spatially stratified WMH analysis in AD research to better capture disease-relevant white matter pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Sine Spin flat detector CT can improve cerebral soft tissue imaging: a retrospective in vivo study.","authors":"Niclas Schmitt, Lena Wucherpfennig, Jessica Jesser, Ulf Neuberger, Resul Güney, Martin Bendszus, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Dominik F Vollherbst","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00773-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00773-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13376287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148472827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated model-based lesion tracking in CT: colorectal liver metastases as a use case for development and performance analysis.","authors":"Nalan Karunanayake, Hao Yang, Pengfei Geng, Qiyang Li, Ping Yin, Richard Kinh Do, Lawrence H Schwartz, Lin Lu, Binsheng Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s41747-026-00750-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-026-00750-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and evaluate an automated CT liver lesion-tracking algorithm that matches lesions over time, detects new metastases, and reports per‑lesion confidence to support response assessment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 87 adults with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) who had baseline and 8-week follow-up contrast-enhanced CT. Three radiologists generated a consensus reference. We developed a machine learning-driven, automated model-based lesion tracking (Auto-MBT) that provides per-lesion matching confidence. Performance was compared with: (1) deformable registration + overlap; (2) deformable registration + Auto-MBT; and (3) affine registration + Auto-MBT. Analyses were stratified by lesion size (< 1 cm, 1-3 cm, overall) and count (≤ 5, 6-10, > 10 per scan), and the triage utility of confidence scores was assessed by blinded adjudication. A publicly available melanoma dataset was used for external testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On the CRLM test set (35 pairs), affine + Auto-MBT matched 458/464 lesions (precision/recall 99%), detected 28/30 new lesions (90%/93%), and identified 42/44 disappeared lesions (93%/96%). Overall matching F1 was 0.989; affine + Auto-MBT outperformed deformable + overlap (0.797) and deformable + Auto-MBT (0.959). Confidence scores were higher for radiologist-accepted matches than rejected matches (0.72 versus 0.54) supporting triage utility. On the external set (23 pairs), overall matching F1 was 0.994, affine + Auto-MBT outperformed deformable + overlap (0.768) and deformable + Auto-MBT (0.971).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Auto-MBT accurately tracks CRLM and flags new lesions across sizes and counts, with per‑lesion confidence to triage, not replace, clinician review, enabling more comprehensive and accurate therapy response assessment.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>The automated tracking framework accurately matched liver lesions, including new and subcentimeter lesions, improving longitudinal assessment.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Manual tracking of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) on routine CT images is time-consuming and subject to inter-observer variability. The algorithm demonstrates robust lesion‑level tracking performance (F1 > 0.9) in high lesion‑count CRLM, including matched, new, and disappeared lesions. Automated total-tumor tracking complements Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors‒RECIST by quantifying all lesions, extending evaluation beyond limited target metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13369105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}