Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso最新文献

{"title":"Campaña y Velázquez: paralelos artísticos","authors":"Á. García","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.26925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.26925","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Contribuir a la comprension de la pintura de Diego Velazquez es el objetivo principal de este estudio, que pretende senalar alguna de las latentes raices hispalenses que el genial artista llevo consigo y desarrollo con posterioridad en su dilatada etapa madrilena. Un mero apunte para alcanzar ese proposito podria establecerse poniendo en relacion la tabla que representa a San Pablo Ermitano y San Antonio, pintada por Pedro de Campana, y el lienzo que, con un tema similar, ejecuto Velazquez: Encuentro de San Antonio Abad con San Pablo, primer ermitano. EnglishAbstract: To contribute to the comprehension of the painting of Diego Velazquez is the main objective of this study, is to point out some of the latent sevillian roots that the artist kept in his extensive Madrid's stage. In this logic, I would like to analyze the relationships arising from the comparison of the table that represents to San Pablo Ermitano y San Antonio by Pedro de Campana, and the painting of Velazquez with a similar theme: Encuentro de San Antonio Abad con San Pablo, primer ermitano.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"123 1","pages":"157-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77097648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisión sistemática de investigaciones sobre videojuegos bélicos (2010-2020)","authors":"María-Esther del-Moral-Pérez, Christian Rodríguez-González","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.27570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.27570","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Se analiza la produccion cientifica sobre videojuegos belicos. La metodologia se sustenta en una revision sistematica de estudios extraidos de bases de datos (Scopus, Web Of Science y Google Scholar), mediante un meta-analisis, siguiendo criterios de PRISMA-P2015 para identificar los enfoques y metodologias empleadas. Se encontraron 37 estudios entre 2010-2020 en cuatro ambitos: educativo, psicologico, sociologico o antropologico y tecnologico. Los resultados ofrecen un panorama polarizado, un sector los considera plataformas de propaganda militarista; otro apuesta por utilizarlos como un recurso didactico, permitiendo la inmersion virtual en acontecimientos historicos; y los tecnicos senalan la conveniencia de disenar videojuegos educativos con el asesoramiento de historiadores para dotarlos de mayor fiabilidad, ademas de incorporar misiones gamificadas que potencien su jugabilidad. Sin embargo, se precisan estudios que profundicen en la oportunidad que ofrecen estos instrumentos para impulsar el pensamiento critico y la reflexion frente a la guerra y el sufrimiento de las victimas. EnglishAbstract: Scientific production on war videogames is analyzed. The methodology is based on a systematic review of studies extracted from databases (Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar), through a meta-analysis, following the criteria of PRISMA-P2015 to identify the approaches and methodologies used. Thirty-seven studies were found between 2010-2020 in four areas: educational, psychological, sociological or anthropological and technological. The results offer a polarized panorama, one sector considers them militarist propaganda platforms; another is committed to using them as a didactic resource, allowing virtual immersion in historical events; and the technicians point out the convenience of designing educational video games with the advice of historians to make them more reliable, in addition to incorporating gamified missions that enhance their playability. However, studies are needed to delve into the opportunity offered by these instruments to promote critical thinking and reflection in the face of war and the suffering of the victims.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"70 1","pages":"205-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89226105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De Cuzco a Berlín en el siglo XIX: el gabinete de curiosidades de María Ana Centeno","authors":"Z. Romero","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.27392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.27392","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: Maria Ana Centeno desarrollo su gabinete de curiosidades y antiguedades precolombinas en el Peru del siglo XIX, en un momento en que la creacion de acervos de este tipo resultaba comun entre la elite cuzquena, cada vez mas consciente de la importancia de las culturas precolombinas. Gran parte de la coleccion fue vendida por sus herederos al Museo Etnologico de Berlin, en una transaccion determinada por el valor en alza de las piezas precolombinas en el mercado, y por el creciente interes de viajeros, cientificos y exploradores por lugares como Peru, con manifestaciones culturales dignas de estudiar y coleccionar. En la presente investigacion tratamos la formacion de la coleccion Centeno y su posterior viaje, desde Cuzco a Berlin, relacionando su casuistica con el contexto y las circunstancias de la epoca. Asimismo, tomamos como ejemplo la referida coleccion para reflexionar sobre la pertenencia del patrimonio, y el lugar en que las piezas precolombinas peruanas deberian resguardarse.Abstract: Maria Ana Centeno created her cabinet of curiosities and pre-Columbian antiquities during the nineteenth century. In Peru, at that time, the creation of that kind of collection was common between the elite, who were conscious of the increasing value of the pre-Hispanic cultures and antiquities. Most of the pieces of the collection were sold by Maria Ana’s sons to the Ethnological Museum of Berlin. It was a transaction determined by the rising value of pre-Columbian pieces on the market, and also by the growing interest of travelers, scientists, and explorers in places like Peru. In that paper, it is addressed the formation of Centeno’s collection, and its move from Cuzco to Berlin; all that having into account the contexts and circumstances of the time. Besides, it is made a reflection on the cultural heritage’s owners, and the place where the Peruvian pre-Columbian pieces should be.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"40 7","pages":"179-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72487125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jóvenes huérfanos en el Maestrazgo medieval. Aproximación a su vida a través de los documentos de tutela.","authors":"Joaquín Aparici Martí, Concepción Villanueva Morte","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.25930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.25930","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: La infancia y la adolescencia suponen un período vital en la formación de la personalidad del individuo. Si ese período ya puede resultar duro y traumático según determinadas épocas, aún lo puede ser más si los actores del proceso son huérfanos. Presentamos aquí una contextualización sobre la vida de los huérfanos del territorio castellonense del Maestrazgo de Montesa durante la Edad Media. Para ello utilizamos los registros notariales conservados en la zona. De toda la documentación consultada hacemos especial mención a las tutelas porque ofrecen datos indiciarios sobre cómo se desarrolló la vida de esos jóvenes hasta alcanzar la mayoría de edad legal.Abstract: Childhood and adolescence represent a vital period in the formation of the individual's personality. If that period can already be hard and traumatic according to certain times, it can be even more so if the actors in the process are orphans. We present here a contextualization about the life of the orphans of the Maestrazgo de Montesa in Castellon during the Middle Ages. For this we use the notarial records kept in the area. Of all the documentation consulted, we make special mention of the guardianships because they offer indicative data on how the life of these young people developed until they reached the legal age of majority.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77738593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edgar A. Poe y las artes: el ideario artístico sugerido a través de \"The Assignation\"","authors":"Alejandro Jaquero Esparcia","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.25476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.25476","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishAbstract: The literary legacy of Edgar Allan Poe has been identified by the popular culture, rather than the historiography, as belonging to the Gothic universe and the horror tales. However, many current studies have noted the variety of topics present in the work of the Bostonian. This is partly due to the training acquired as a literary reviewer when working in several journals and newspapers, and his interest for being well informed about European and Eastern historical and artistic facts and the pioneering scientific discoveries of the 19th century. In this sense, the references to the Fine Arts are constant in his work, being in some cases the very core of his narrations. We intend to examine how, with a careful and expert language, he presents the reader a picture of the ideal collector and his aesthetic principles throughout the tale \"The Assignation.\" EnglishResumen: El legado literario de Edgar Allan Poe ha sido asociado por la cultura popular, mas que por la historiografia, al mundo gotico y la escritura de terror. No obstante, muchos estudios actuales inciden en la amplitud de tematicas presentes en la obra del escritor bostoniano. Ello se debe en parte a la formacion adquirida como revisor literario en prensa y la satisfaccion por aprender tanto los sucesos historico-artisticos europeos y orientales como los novedosos progresos cientificos desarrolladas durante el siglo XIX. En este sentido, las referencias al mundo de las Bellas Artes son constantes en su obra, configurando en algunos casos la accion misma de sus narraciones. Pretendemos examinar como, desde un lenguaje cuidado y experto, sugiere al lector una idea del coleccionista ideal y de sus criterios esteticos a lo largo del cuento “La cita”.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"19 1","pages":"33-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84530982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Las conversiones religiosas en Granada en época moderna y contemporánea","authors":"M. Contreras","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.26209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.26209","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: El presente articulo trata de exponer el fenomeno de la diversidad religiosa en la ciudad de Granada, desde la conquista de la misma por los Reyes Catolicos en 1492 hasta la actualidad, pasando por las diversas etapas historicas, mediante una perspectiva antropologica. Una vez producida la conquista definitiva, se lleva a cabo una progresiva cristianizacion de la capital y del Reino de Granada. La Granada post-renacentista, la de epoca barroca, presenta una poblacion ya marcadamente cristianizada, aunque es aun destacable la labor inquisitorial. Este panorama se extiende a lo largo del siglo XVIII, cuando algunos viajeros extranjeros comienzan a visitar la ciudad, muchos de ellos de religion protestante, y esta sera tambien una constante en los viajeros del siglo XIX. Ya en el XX, especialmente a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo, sera cuando se produzca una mayor llegada de religiones foraneas que resultaran atractivas para la conversion, esta vez ya no forzosa sino voluntaria, creando una imagen mas plural de la ciudad. Abstract: This article deals with the fact of the religious diversity in the city of Granada, from its conquest by the Catholic King and Queen in 1492 up to now, and going through the different historical stages, with and anthropological perspective. Once Granada was definitely conquered, a progressive christianization of the city and its Kingdom was carried out. Post-renaissance Granada, in the baroque period, has population markedly christianized, although the inquisitorial work is still remarkable. This panorama extends all along the XVIII century, when some foreing travellers, many of them protestans, began to visit the city, as many of the travellers in the XIX century. In the XX century, specially in the second half, it will take place a greater arrival of foreign religions which will be attractive for people to convert to them. However, this time, it will not be a forced but a voluntary conversion, thus creating a more plural image of the city.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"21 1","pages":"133-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82785862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Derrida's Binary Opposition in Escher's Day and Night","authors":"Ashraf-o-Sadat Mousavilar, S. Pourmahmoud","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.28496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.28496","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Este estudio ha comparado la teoria de la oposicion binaria de Derrida en “Dia y Noche” de Maurits Escher. Las oposiciones binarias son los principios dominantes del mundo material. Sin lugar a dudas, las oposiciones no pueden dejar de reflejarse en el arte humano, especialmente en las ilustraciones visuales. Para el estudio comparativo de la teoria de Derrida con las artes visuales, fue necesario elegir un indicador de trabajo artistico. Asi, la pintura \"Dia y noche\" fue seleccionada por Escher como la obra artistica mas opuesta de la epoca contemporanea, que muestra las funciones artisticas de la teoria en sintonia con las obras artisticas visuales. Esto se debe a que la forma y el contenido de este trabajo tienen abundantes oposiciones. Los resultados de este estudio, que se realiza mediante metodo comparativo y analitico, muestran que el numero de oposiciones binarias en esta Pintura llega a 7 items e incluye contenido y oposicion binaria narrativa y se puede ajustar con la teoria de Derrida en terminos de generalizacion a funciones artisticas. EnglishAbstract: This article aimed at conducting a comparative study of Derrida’s binary oppositions theory in Maurits Escher’s Day and Night painting, indicating the applicability of the functions of the theory to the visual artistic works. Binary oppositions are among the dominant principles of the material world. Undoubtedly, such oppositions cannot be without their reflections in human art, especially visual illustrations. Sometimes, art reflects these oppositions and contradictions as they are and depicts them in the form of symbols and signs. For the sake of the comparative study of Derrida’s theory with visual arts, it was necessary to choose a seminal artistic work. Hence, the Day and Night painting by Escher was selected as the most opposing artistic work of the contemporary times. This is because the title, form, and content of this work have plenty of oppositions. The results of this study, conducted with the aid of comparative and analytical methods, show that the number of binary oppositions in this Painting reaches to 7 items. In terms of generalization to artistic functions, this includes form and performance (content and validity) binary oppositions, which are applicable to Derrida’s theory.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"33 1","pages":"11-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91107720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De la segregación racial al constitucionalismo neoliberal: hacia una historia conceptual de la discriminación","authors":"F. M. León","doi":"10.5944/RDH.42.2021.25772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.42.2021.25772","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: El presente articulo esboza los supuestos y estrategias de una historia conceptual de la discriminacion, aproximacion al estudio historico de esta problematica que ilustra identificando usos discursivos de dicha palabra que muestran que el origen del concepto en cuestion se encuentra en el Estados Unidos de la posguerra civil, donde adquirio un renovado significado conceptual a partir de la experiencia de la segregacion racial, para posteriormente abordar las circunstancias que permitieron la constitucionalizacion del concepto de discriminacion en el Chile de Augusto Pinochet, donde fue empleado como medio para codificar una comprension neoliberal de los derechos fundamentales. Absytract: This article contributes to the production of a genealogy of the concept of discrimination by reviewing some of the lineages that make up its biography. To that end it focuses on its absence from Chilean constitutional thought during most of its history, identifies the emergence of its two senses –“arbitrary” discrimination and “structural” discrimination– in 19 th century United States, and examines the way that it was inscribed in the text of the 1980 Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile where it was employed as a means to codify the economic rationality of market decisions and to protect an understanding of human nature based on Catholic natural law.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"26 1","pages":"77-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80687241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Una nueva solución al problema de la fundamentación","authors":"Marta Campdelacreu","doi":"10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp61-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp61-87","url":null,"abstract":"Let us consider a statue and the piece of clay out of which it is made, and let us suppose that they start to exist and cease to exist at exactly the same time. According to colocationism, the statue and the piece of clay are two different objects: they have different properties (for example, one is a statue and the other a piece of clay) and, according to Leibniz’s Law, the same object cannot have different properties. One of the most difficult questions for colocationism is that of the grounding problem: given that the statue and the piece of clay share many of their properties (their matter, their microscopic composition, their structure, etc.), what is it that grounds the fact that they have different sortal (or modal) properties? Recently, Catherine Sutton has offered a very interesting answer to the question. However, as I will argue, it cannot be applied to all cases of colocated objects and therefore, it is not an adequate solution to the grounding problem. The main objective of this paper is to present a new solution to the grounding problem that integrates some of Sutton’s theses, but that allows us to give a complete answer to the question. To do this, the notion of a process of coming into existence will be crucial. After presenting the new proposal, I will compare it with the proposals by Kit Fine and Noël Saenz. ","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intuiciones en lógica: una propuesta moderada","authors":"Diego Tajer","doi":"10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp239-253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp239-253","url":null,"abstract":"Intuitions play a significant role in debates about logic. In this paper, I analyze how legitimate is that practice. In the first part of the paper, I distinguish between theoretical and pretheoretical intuitions, and argue that some pretheoretical intuitions are not to be taken into account in logic. Particularly, our pretheoretical intuitions about the concept of validity are not of much importance, since we don’t have a uniform or clear concept of validity in the natural language to be elucidated. Nevertheless, I argue that, since logical connectives are more homogeneously used in our ordinary speech, we can appeal to pretheoretical intuitions to establish their meaning in a logical theory. In the second part of the paper, I consider and reply to four objections to this moderate proposal. Two of them try to show that, if this position is adopted, then the pretheoretical intuitions about the connectives are completely unreliable and useless. One of them argues that this mixed position is unstable: pretheoretical intuitions about the connectives are also pretheoretical intuitions about validity. The last problem is related to the definition of validity and the possibility of revising it.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}