Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso最新文献

{"title":"Numerus surdus y armonía musical. Sobre el temperamento igual y el fin del reinado pitagórico de los números","authors":"Lianggi Espinoza, Juan Redmond, Pablo César Palacios Torres, Ismael Cortez Aguilera","doi":"10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp137-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp137-167","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe development of philosophical ideas throughout history has sometimes been assisted by the use of handcrafted instruments. Some paradigmatic cases, such as the invention of the telescope or the microscope, show that many philosophical approaches have been the result of the intervention of such instruments. The aim of this article is to show the determining role that stringed musical instruments with frets had in the crisis and generation of philosophical paradigms. In fact, just as the observations of the moon with the telescope broke more than a thousand years of Aristotelian hegemony, the fretted string instruments, predecessors of the guitar, played a central role in the collapse of one of the most influential approaches in the history of Philosophy: Pythagorism. We focus on the fundamental hallmarks of Pythagorism and on how, during the 16th century and from the fretted string instruments, the mathematical-musical notion of equal temperament emerged, which from the middle of the 19th century will be established as the prevailing philosophical-musical paradigm of the West.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the correctness of problem solving in ancient mathematical procedure texts","authors":"M. Valente","doi":"10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP169-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP169-189","url":null,"abstract":"It has been argued in relation to Old Babylonian mathematical procedure texts that their validity or correctness is self-evident. One “sees” that the procedure is correct without it having, or being accompanied by, any explicit arguments for the correctness of the procedure. Even when agreeing with this view, one might still ask about how is the correctness of a procedure articulated? In this work, we present an articulation of the correctness of ancient Egyptian and Old Babylonian mathematical procedure texts – mathematical texts presenting the solution of problems. We endeavor to make explicit and explain how and why the procedures are reliable over and above the fact that their correctness is intuitive.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47338334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axel Honneth: el conflicto social y los modos de la mirada. Apuntes para pensar el problema más allá del reconocimiento","authors":"J. A. Palacio","doi":"10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP215-237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP215-237","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we will address one of the forms that assume the social conflict, considering an everyday behavior: the look and the ways of representation that it produces. The beginning of our argumentation is marked by Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition. His contributions give a perspective that allow us to unite the analysis of socials struggles with the problem of the look. For this work we study how Honneth build an ethical approach about the look, from the ideas of recognition and inter-subjectivity. In that sense, practical behavior like social humiliation and social domination, materialized through the look, are read as the negative reverse of recognition. We seek to think the look inserted in the social conflict beyond recognition, because we defend the hypothesis that the notion of recognition, as proposed by Honneth, assumes normative assumptions that visualize conflict as oriented to the consolidation of a mediated understanding of one`s own personality and the self-affirmation of subject, as also assumes an evolutionary logic rationality. Once shown this, we will answer the question: how to understand/comprehend the problem of the look from a different perspective?","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45958044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universales indiscernibles","authors":"Gonzalo Rodríguez-Pereyra","doi":"10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp89-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp89-110","url":null,"abstract":"Universals have traditionally thought to obey the identity of indiscernibles, that is, it has traditionally been thought that there can be no perfectly similar universals. But at least in the conception of universals as immanent, there is nothing that rules out there being indiscernible universals. In this paper, I shall argue that there is useful work indiscernible universals can do, and so there might be reason to postulate indiscernible universals. In particular, I shall argue that postulating indiscernible universals can allow a theory of universals to identify particulars with bundles of universals, and that postulating indiscernible universals can allow a theory of universals to develop an account of the resemblance of quantitative universals that avoids the objections that Armstrong’s account faces. Finally, I shall respond to some objections and I shall undermine the criterion of distinction between particulars and universals that says that the distinction between particulars and universals lies in that while there can be indiscernible particulars, there cannot be indiscernible universals.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44783954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La emigración irlandesa decimonónica tras la gran hambruna, parte intrínseca del carácter irlandés","authors":"Ester Díaz Morillo","doi":"10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22918","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: A lo largo de la historia han tenido lugar episodios de grandes crisis que transformarian irremediablemente la vida de millones de personas. Uno de estos acontecimientos fue la gran hambruna producida en Irlanda entre 1845 y 1851, uno de los eventos mas tragicos de nuestra historia contemporanea que dejaria profundas huellas en su poblacion. Uno de sus efectos mas graves fue la oleada migratoria sin precedentes que llevo a numerosos irlandeses especialmente hasta las costas norteamericanas. Este articulo pretende, por tanto, estudiar la migracion irlandesa producida por la gran hambruna y las caracteristicas especiales que mostro y que la hizo distinguirse del resto de olas migratorias europeas decimononicas. La «nueva Irlanda» que se conformaria en lugares como Estados Unidos nunca perderia su vinculo con la isla y dejaria un legado imborrable en ciudades como Nueva York y Chicago. Abstract: Throughout history there have been episodes of major crisis which would inexorably transform the lives of millions. One of such events was the Great Famine that took place in Ireland between 1845 and 1851, which was one of the most tragic events in our contemporary history and which would leave important marks on its population. The great unprecedented migration wave which led countless Irish people, especially towards the North American coasts, was one of its gravest effects. The aim of this article, therefore, is to explore the Irish migration induced by this Great Famine and the special characteristics that it showed and that made it distinguishable from the rest of the migration waves from nineteenth-century Europe. The “new Ireland” which developed in places such as the United States would never lose its bond with the island and would leave an indelible legacy in cities like New York and Chicago.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"51 1","pages":"89-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78636767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El islam en el espacio público de los barrios multiculturales del sur de Europa: el caso de Lavapiés, Madrid","authors":"Óscar Salguero Montaño","doi":"10.5944/rdh.41.2020.27939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/rdh.41.2020.27939","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: En las actuales sociedades plurales no confesionales, los grupos religiosos entienden el acceso al espacio público como un derecho a la ciudad. Este derecho legitima su condición de actores sociales, que traducen como visibilización en el espacio público y participación en la vida política del municipio, a través de diversas nociones vinculadas a la modernidad y la transparencia. Para explorar esta hipótesis, este artículo examina el caso de los musulmanes bangladeshíes del multicultural barrio madrileño de Lavapiés, el cual presenta semejanzas con otros barrios multiculturales de ciudades del sur de Europa como Lisboa o Roma: un barrio afectado por un acelerado proceso de gentrificación y turistificación. Se analizan las circunstancias en las que esta comunidad intenta acceder al espacio público, con el fin de lograr una mayor legitimación y reconocimiento, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes prácticas y discursos que se despliegan en determinados eventos y festividades.Abstract: In current nondenominational plural societies, religious groups understand access to public space as a right to the city. This right legitimizes their status as social actors, who are entitled to have a public life and to be recognized, through various notions linked to modernity and transparency. To explore this hypothesis, this article examines the case of Bangladeshi Muslims in Madrid’s multicultural neighborhood of Lavapiés, which has similarities with other multicultural neighborhoods in southern European cities, which has similarities with other multicultural neighbourhoods in southern European cities, such as Lisbon or Rome: a barrio affected by an accelerated gentrification and touristification process. It analyzes the circumstances through which this community attempts to access public space, in order to achieve further legitimization and recognition, by bringing into account the different practices and discourses displayed in specific events and festivities.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78531793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lectura y aprendizaje lector en tiempos de guerra","authors":"G. Vigna","doi":"10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23183","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: En esta contribucion se estudia la escena del aprendizaje lector y el encuentro con el libro que seis escritores contemporaneos cristalizan en sus libros de memorias. A traves del analisis de tres topicos estrechamente relacionados con dicha vivencia de la etapa infantil —la influencia de mentor; la rebelion al mundo escolar; el listado de obras influyentes—, se apreciara el poder consolador y correctivo del libro en el trasfondo historico de la Guerra Civil espanola y de los primeros anos del franquismo. A partir de esta aproximacion, el articulo mostrara, por un lado, como los ninos protagonistas de los libros escogidos contestaran el canon literario impuesto y el sistema educativo oficial, rechazado a favor del autodidactismo. Por el otro, sera posible apreciar el retrato que estos memorialistas ofrecen de aquellos anos de represion. Abstract: In this paper we study the scene of the learning of reading and the encounter with the Book as six contemporary writers narrate in their memoirs. Through the analysis of three autobiographemes related to this experience of the childhood —the mentor’s influence; the school rebellion; the list of influential literary works—, we will appreciate the consoling and corrective power of the book during the Spanish Civil War and the earlier years of the Francoist regime. From this approach, this paper will show, on the one hand, how the main characters of the selected memoirs reject the imposed literary canon, as well as the formal educational system in favor of self-learning. On the other, it will give us a portrait of Spanish society in those repressive years.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"145 1","pages":"115-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79058466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El traje escénico en la Danza Española: importancia y simbolismo","authors":"Rosa María Suárez Muñoz, María del Mar Ortiz Camacho, Antonio Baena Extremera","doi":"10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22907","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: El vestuario teatral, en la genesis de un proyecto escenico de danza, se considera un elemento mas cuya importancia radica en su significacion. El objetivo general de este trabajo ha sido constatar la importancia del traje escenico como herramienta transmisora de conceptos y como elemento simbolico que aporta un sentido a la interpretacion de la Danza Espanola. Se ha estudiado el uso de este vestuario desde una perspectiva profesional (Ballet Nacional de Espana (BNE), interpretes y coreografos de reconocido prestigio) y desde una perspectiva educativa (Conservatorios Profesionales de Danza de Andalucia-Espana (CPDA)). Se ha realizado una triangulacion metodologica combinando investigacion cuantitativa y cualitativa utilizando como instrumentos basicos el cuestionario y entrevistas previamente validadas. Como conclusion, resalta la importancia otorgada al uso del vestuario teatral en la Danza Espanola como herramienta comunicativa intencional, asi como su aportacion a la interpretacion en la representacion escenica, confirmandose asi las hipotesis planteadas. Abstract:  The theatrical costumes, in the genesis of a scenic dance project, are considered one more element whose importance lies in its significance. The aim of this paper has been to verify the importance of it as a communicating tool of concepts and as a symbolic element that contributes a sense to the interpretation of Spanish Dance. The use of this costume has been studied from a professional perspective ( National Ballet of Spain (BNE), renowned performers and choreographers) and from an educational perspective ( Professional Dance Conservatories of Andalusia (Spain) (CPDA)), making a methodological triangulation that combines quantitative and qualitative research, using the questionnaire and previously validated interviews as basic instruments. As a conclusion, the importance given to the use of theatrical costumes in Spanish Dance as an intentional communicative tool stands out, as well as their contribution to the interpretation in the scenic representation, confirming the hypotheses raised.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"128 24 1","pages":"11-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87762855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contra el feminismo. Movilización, represión y sublimación del modelo femenino tradicional en la primera mitad del siglo XX en España","authors":"Teresa M;aría Ortega López","doi":"10.5944/rdh.41.2020.24030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/rdh.41.2020.24030","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: Este artículo se propone dar a conocer el discurso de género construido por los intelectuales y las culturas políticas conservadoras, tradicionalistas y confesionales españolas en las tres primeras décadas del siglo XX. Aquel discurso se insertó en las profundas transformaciones políticas, sociales y culturales que se estaban registrando en aquellos años, tanto en España como en los países de su entorno. Con ese discurso, escritores, políticos y pensadores liberales, antiliberales, tradicionalistas y católicos buscaban respuestas al desasosiego que les producían aquellos movimientos y prácticas sociales que eran percibidos como amenazas a la superioridad viril, a la vigencia de los valores supuestamente masculinos, y a la supremacía y la honorabilidad varonil. Las derechas españolas, especialmente del período de entreguerras, mostraron claras afinidades en lo que respecta a la construcción discursiva de la mujer. Tanto los teóricos del tradicionalismo carlista como los monárquicos, cedistas y falangistas elaboraron un discurso de género y unas identidades de masculinidad y feminidad que se forjaron tanto en las ideas reaccionarias y tradicionalistas del siglo XIX, como en las nuevas corrientes de pensamiento antiliberal de los comienzos del XX. En los años siguientes, aquel discurso de género sería asimilado por la dictadura franquista.Abstract: The main target of this article is to explain the leading features of the gender discourse, built both by the intellectuals such as by the conservatives, traditionalists and confessional Spanish political cultures, during the first three decades of the twentieth century. This mentioned discourse was inserted in the profound political, social and cultural changes that were in course of implantation those years, both in Spain and in the countries of their geographical environment. With that discourse a wide range of liberal, anti-liberal, Catholics or traditionalist thinkers and politicians were seeking answers to the unrest which the movements and social practices perceived as threats to the virile superiority, or to the validity of the manliness values, produced to all them. Both the Spanish conservatives as the Rights in general showed clear affinities in their efforts toward the discursive construction of women. The main theorists of the traditionalism, the monarchism and the fascism created a gender discourse and a symbolic reconstruction of the values of masculinity and femininity that were forged in the reactionary and anti-liberal ideologies of the nineteenth century, as in the new currents of illiberal thought that emerged from the beginnings of the XXth. In the following years, the above mentioned gender discourse would be assimilated by the Franco´s dictatorship.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81924588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De la Fábrica de Porcelana a la Escuela de Agrónomos de Madrid","authors":"Jara Muñoz Hernández","doi":"10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23063","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: La actual Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid se situa sobre el que fue uno de los Reales Sitios madrilenos, el de La Florida y La Moncloa. Este articulo tiene como objeto contestar a la pregunta ?que habia antes?, centrandose en el edificio de la Real Fabrica de Porcelana, que posteriormente se convertiria en el primer edificio universitario de la zona, la Escuela de Ingenieros Agronomos, antes de que el campus siquiera se imaginase. Se enfoca, ademas, el trabajo no solo desde el punto de vista historico, sino tambien desde el analisis arquitectonico, y se utiliza el dibujo como instrumento metodologico para establecer hipotesis que nos permitan comprender como fue ese lugar y como se ha transformado hasta llegar al edificio que conocemos hoy dia. Abstract: Madrid’s Ciudad Universitaria is located on the grounds of the ancient La Florida and La Moncloa Real State, which was one of the madrilian royal properties. This article aims to answer the question what was there before?, focusing on the building of the Royal Porcelain Manufacture. It would later become the first university building in the area –the School of Agricultural Engineers–, even before the campus was envisaged. We approach this work not only from a historical perspective, but also from the architectural analysis, using drawing as a tool to understand how this place was and how it developed towards the current building we know today.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"48 1","pages":"61-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82274531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}