Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of Tirzepatide Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist in Patients With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension. A Real-World Propensity Score-Matched Study","authors":"Ahmed Y. Azzam,&nbsp;Muhammed Amir Essibayi,&nbsp;Nathan Farkas,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Azab,&nbsp;Mahmoud M. Morsy,&nbsp;Osman Elamin,&nbsp;Adam Elswedy,&nbsp;Ahmed Saad Al Zomia,&nbsp;Hammam A. Alotaibi,&nbsp;Ahmed Alamoud,&nbsp;Oday Atallah,&nbsp;Hana J. Abukhadijah,&nbsp;Adam A. Dmytriw,&nbsp;Amanda Baker,&nbsp;Deepak Khatri,&nbsp;Neil Haranhalli,&nbsp;David J. Altschul","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder characterised by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), predominantly affecting obese women of reproductive age. While GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown promise in IIH management, the potential of dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor activation through tirzepatide remains unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate tirzepatide's efficacy as an adjunctive therapy in IIH management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the TriNetX Global Health Research Network, analysing data through November 2024. Through propensity score matching, we compared 193 tirzepatide-exposed IIH patients with 193 controls receiving standard care. Primary outcomes included papilledema severity, visual function, headache frequency, and treatment resistance, monitored at multiple follow-up timepoints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis revealed significant improvements across all measured outcomes in the tirzepatide group. At 24 months, we observed a 68% reduction in papilledema risk (RR 0.320, 95% CI 0.189–0.542, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), a 73.9% reduction in visual disturbance and blindness risk (RR 0.261, 95% CI 0.143–0.477, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and a 19.7% reduction in headache risk (RR 0.803, 95% CI 0.668–0.966, <i>p</i> = 0.019). The tirzepatide group demonstrated significant body-mass index reductions, reaching −1.147 kg/m² (95% CI [−1.415, −0.879], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) at 24 months compared to controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results demonstrate that tirzepatide, when used as an adjunctive therapy, provides significant therapeutic benefits in IIH management, particularly in improving papilledema and visual outcomes. Our findings suggest that dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor activation may offer advantages over traditional single-receptor therapies, potentially through enhanced metabolic regulation and direct effects on ICP dynamics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Alzheimer's-Related Mortality Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the United States: 1999–2019","authors":"Saad Ahmed Waqas,&nbsp;Dua Ali,&nbsp;Taimor Mohammed Khan,&nbsp;Shaheer Qureshi,&nbsp;Hibah Siddiqui,&nbsp;Maryam Sajid,&nbsp;Zahra Imran,&nbsp;Hussain Salim,&nbsp;Muhammad Umer Sohail,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed,&nbsp;Shayan Marsia","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent research has shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased the burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the US aging population. However, trends in mortality from this comorbidity among adults aged ≥ 65 years have not been investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined trends and disparities in AD-related mortality among older US adults with T2DM from 1999 to 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the CDC WONDER database were analysed to assess AD-related mortality in patients with T2DM aged ≥ 65 between 1999 and 2019. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 people and annual percent change (APC) were calculated and stratified by year, sex, race/ethnicity, age, urbanisation and geographical region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 1999 to 2019, there were 71,550 deaths with T2DM and AD among adults aged ≥ 65. AAMRs rose from 4.12 in 1999 to 11.65 in 2019, with the sharpest increase between 2014 and 2017 (APC: 10.81; 95% CI: −3.20 to 13.43). Women had slightly higher AAMRs than men, with rates increasing from 4.71 in 1999 to 11.61 in 2019 for women, and from 4.08 to 11.70 for men. Hispanic individuals saw the highest increase in AAMR (11.15), followed by non-Hispanic Black (9.30) and White populations (7.92). AAMRs were highest in the West (10.91) and the Midwest (9.62), while the Northeast (4.70) had the lowest. Nonmetropolitan areas had consistently higher AAMRs (10.74) than large metropolitan areas (6.68) and small/medium metropolitan areas (9.25). States in the top 90th percentile for T2DM–AD mortality included California, South Dakota and Kentucky, where rates were approximately eight times higher than in states in the lowest 10th percentile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals a significant rise in T2DM–AD comorbidity-related mortality among older adults, especially among Hispanics, women and rural residents. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to reduce the burden in vulnerable populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between TyG-BMI Index and Hyperuricemia in Adult Women","authors":"Kelibinuer Mutailipu,&nbsp;Junwei Guo,&nbsp;Jiajing Yin,&nbsp;Yue Wang,&nbsp;Liesheng Lu,&nbsp;Xuyang Jia,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Shen Qu,&nbsp;Haibing Chen,&nbsp;Le Bu","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to explore the relationship between hyperuricemia (HUA), the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its derivatives in adult women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 1105 female patients from Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital. Participants were divided into HUA (<i>n</i> = 331) and non-HUA (<i>n</i> = 774) groups. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and indices such as body mass index (BMI), TyG and TyG-BMI were calculated. Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The HUA group showed higher BMI, blood pressure and metabolic parameters. TyG, TyG-BMI and BMI were positively correlated with uric acid levels. ROC analysis revealed that TyG-BMI (AUC = 0.877) had better predictive power for HUA than TyG (AUC = 0.829) or BMI (AUC = 0.867). Multivariate analysis showed TyG-BMI and BMI as independent predictors, with women in the highest quartiles having a 3.111-fold and 2.779-fold higher risk for HUA, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TyG-BMI is the most effective predictor of HUA in women, surpassing TyG and BMI alone. It offers a practical tool for early identification and intervention in women at risk of HUA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Serum Free Fatty Acids in Endothelium-Dependent Microvascular Function","authors":"Alexander E. Sullivan,&nbsp;Meaghan C. S. Courvan,&nbsp;Aaron W. Aday,&nbsp;David H. Wasserman,&nbsp;Kevin D. Niswender,&nbsp;Emily M. Shardelow,&nbsp;Emily K. Wells,&nbsp;Quinn S. Wells,&nbsp;Matthew S. Freiberg,&nbsp;Joshua A. Beckman","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentration is associated with insulin resistance and is a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. A pathological feature of insulin resistance is impaired endothelial function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effect of FFA reduction with either acipimox, a nicotinic acid derivative that impairs lipolysis, or salsalate, a salicylate that reduces basal and inflammation-induced lipolysis, on insulin-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a post hoc, combined analysis of two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trials. Sixteen subjects were recruited (6 with metabolic syndrome and 10 controls) and randomised to acipimox 250 mg orally every 6 h for 7 days or placebo. Nineteen subjects were recruited (13 with metabolic syndrome and 6 controls) and randomised to receive salsalate 4.5 g/day for 4 weeks or placebo. The primary outcome was the association between FFA concentration and insulin-mediated vasodilation, measured by venous-occlusion strain-gauge plethysmography at baseline and following FFA modulation with the study drugs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, FFA concentration (<i>R</i> = −0.35, <i>p</i> = 0.043) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR: <i>R</i> = −0.42, <i>p</i> = 0.016, Adipo-IR: <i>R</i> = −0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.025) predicted insulin-mediated vasodilation. FFA levels were significantly reduced after drug pretreatment (0.604 vs. 0.491 mmol/L, <i>p</i> = 0.036) while insulin levels, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers were unchanged. Despite a reduction in circulating FFA with drug therapy, neither insulin-stimulated vasodilation nor insulin sensitivity improved.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short-term reduction of FFA concentration does not improve insulin-stimulated vasodilation in patients with metabolic syndrome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00759291 and NCT00760019 (formerly NCT00762827)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11784902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Albumin-To-Creatinine Ratio With Diabetic Retinopathy Among US Adults (NHANES 2009–2016)","authors":"Han Dai,&nbsp;Ling Liu,&nbsp;Weiwei Xu","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study investigates the relationship between the albumin-to-creatinine ratio and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in US adults using NHANES data from 2009 to 2016. This study assesses the predictive efficacy of the urinary serum albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR/SACR Ratio) against traditional biomarkers such as the serum albumin-to-creatinine ratio (SACR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) for evaluating DR risk. Additionally, the study explores the potential of these biomarkers, both individually and in combination with HbA1c, for early detection and risk stratification of DR.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This cross-sectional study analysed data from 2594 diabetic adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2009–2016). Multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for demographic (sex, age, race and education) and clinical factors (WBC, PLT, RDW, HbA1c, HBP and CHD), examined the associations between biomarkers and DR. Biomarkers were analysed both continuously and in quartiles to assess dose–response relationships. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis evaluated the predictive accuracy of individual biomarkers and combined models.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Elevated SACR levels were inversely related to DR risk, while UACR showed a positive correlation. The UACR/SACR ratio demonstrated superior predictive capability for DR compared to SACR and UACR alone. The most accurate predictive model combined SACR, UACR, UACR/SACR ratio and HbA1c (AUC = 0.614), highlighting DR development complexity. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations in participants aged &lt; 60 years and those with hypertension (both &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), with more pronounced effects observed in males and Mexican Americans, while lifestyle factors showed no significant modifying effect.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The UACR/SACR Ratio emerged as a potentially superior DR predictor, particularly in younger patients and those with hypertension, suggesting its utility in enhancing early detection and risk stratification. Comprehensive evaluation of renal function and glycaemic control biomarkers, considering age- and comorbidity-specific patterns, could improve DR risk prediction and management. Future longitudinal studies should validate these findings, particularly in identified high-risk subgroups, and investigate underlying mechanisms, potentially advancing personalised DR prediction and management strategies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Predictive Role of 11-Oxyandrogens in Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","authors":"Armaiti Parvez Mody,&nbsp;Maya Beth Lodish,&nbsp;Richard Joseph Auchus,&nbsp;Adina F. Turcu,&nbsp;Fei Jiang,&nbsp;Heather Gibson Huddleston","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Context&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Hyperandrogenism is a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet the androgen(s) responsible remain ambiguous. Recent studies have suggested that 11-oxygenated C&lt;sub&gt;19&lt;/sub&gt; steroids (11-oxyandrogens), specifically 11-ketotestosterone, may be a good marker for hyperandrogenism in PCOS.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To investigate the utility of 11-oxyandrogens to differentiate women with and without PCOS relative to classical androgens.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design Setting&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Case–control study performed at a PCOS clinic and research center in an academic setting.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Patients&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;114 women with PCOS and 78 healthy controls.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Interventions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Using the PCOS Tissue Bank, serum samples and data from 114 women registered from 2013 to 2017 between the ages of 18–40 years, were obtained and classified using Rotterdam PCOS criteria. Data were compared to 78 healthy women of similar age, with serum samples obtained between 2017 and 2020. 11-oxyandrogens and sex steroids were measured using mass spectrometry, and their associations to Rotterdam PCOS, age, and BMI were assessed.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Outcome Measures&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;11-oxyandrogens and sex steroids.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Total testosterone, androstenedione, and four 11-oxyandrogens were significantly elevated in women with PCOS compared to age matched controls, controlling for age and BMI (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01 for all). When considered together, the four 11-oxyandrogens were more predictive of PCOS compared to testosterone and androstenedione. When all androgens were considered individually, 11-ketoandrostenedione was the most predictive of PCOS. Of the six androgens studied, 11-ketotestosterone was the only androgen that demonstrated a weak association with hirsutism score (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.17; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.07) within the PCOS group.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;11-oxyandrogens were statistically higher in women with PCOS and may serve as better predictors of PCOS than testosterone and androstenedione.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Management Among Indigenous Children and Youth: A Systematic Review","authors":"Edmund Wedam Kanmiki,&nbsp;Yaqoot Fatima,&nbsp;Thuy Linh Duong,&nbsp;Roslyn Von Senden,&nbsp;Tolassa W. Ushula,&nbsp;Abdullah A. Mamun","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Indigenous populations experience a disproportionately higher burden of early onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To contribute towards addressing this health disparity, evidence-based culturally appropriate interventions are urgently needed. This systematic review examines interventions designed to improve the prevention and management of T2DM among Indigenous children and youth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive search of five electronic databases was carried out in February 2023 to identify relevant studies published in English. We included studies of all designs involving Indigenous children and youth under 25 years of age. An adapted version of the National Institute of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool for pre-post intervention studies was used for quality assessment. Due to the heterogeneity of methods used by reviewed publications, the convergent integrated approach developed by Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for mixed-method systematic reviews was employed in the analysis. Prospero registration ID: CRD42023423671.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The search identified 1127 publications, and 25 studies with a total of 4594 participants from four countries were eligible after screening. Notably, most (80%) originated from North America. Most interventions involved &lt; 100 participants and lasted 6 months or less (58%). While knowledge and behaviours improved for most interventions, longer and culturally responsive interventions, often combining both community and school-based elements, demonstrated a greater effect on key anthropometrics and biomarkers associated with the risk of T2DM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review highlights the urgent need for more research to address T2DM among Indigenous youth. Future research should prioritise culturally appropriate, long-term interventions that engage communities and empower Indigenous youth to make healthy choices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11726261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis Osteoporosis Risk: Using Machine Learning Algorithms Among Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)","authors":"Saghar Tabib,&nbsp;Seyed Danial Alizadeh,&nbsp;Aref Andishgar,&nbsp;Babak Pezeshki,&nbsp;Omid Keshavarzian,&nbsp;Reza Tabrizi","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70023","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Iran, the assessment of osteoporosis through tools like dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry poses significant challenges due to their high costs and limited availability, particularly in small cities and rural areas. Our objective was to employ a variety of machine learning (ML) techniques to evaluate the accuracy and precision of each method, with the aim of identifying the most accurate pattern for diagnosing the osteoporosis risks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed the data related to osteoporosis risk factors obtained from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study in eight ML methods, including logistic regression (LR), baseline LR, decision tree classifiers (DT), support vector classifiers (SVC), random forest classifiers (RF), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), K nearest neighbour classifiers (KNN) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB). For each algorithm, we calculated accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score and area under the curve (AUC) and compared them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The XGB model with an AUC of 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74–0.82) and an accuracy of 0.79 (0.75–0.83) demonstrated the best performance, while AUC and accuracy values of RF were achieved (0.78 and 0.77), LR (0.78 and 0.77), LDA (0.78 and 0.76), DT (0.76 and 0.79), SVC (0.71 and 0.64), KNN (0.63 and 0.59) and baseline LR (0.72 and 0.82), respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The XGB model had the best performance in assessing the risk of osteoporosis in the Iranian population. Given the disadvantages and challenges associated with traditional osteoporosis diagnostic tools, the implementation of ML algorithms for the early identification of individuals with osteoporosis can lead to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality related to this condition. This advancement not only alleviates the substantial financial burden placed on the healthcare systems of various countries due to the treatment of complications arising from osteoporosis but also encourages health policies to shift toward more preventive approaches for managing this disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Cells Parameters in Second Trimester of Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Vida Ghasemi,&nbsp;Mojdeh Banaei,&nbsp;Zahra Kiani,&nbsp;Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani,&nbsp;Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications during pregnancy. There is inconsistency between previous studies regarding the blood and inflammatory parameters levels among pregnant women and its association with GDM. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood parameters in relation to GDM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systematic literature searches were carried out through databases like PubMed, Web of Science, Epistemonikos, Scopus, Scientific Information Database and Magiran till May 2024. The effect size of serum blood parameters levels was determined by using standard mean deviations (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty articles were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, women with GDM had significantly higher levels of haemoglobin (0.343 [95% CI 0.134–0.553] <i>p</i> = 0.01, sensitivity analysis: 0.174 [95% CI 0.0343–0.315] <i>p</i> = 0.01), red blood cell (0.387 [95% CI 0.224–0.550] <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), mean platelet volume (0.498 [95% CI 0.165–0.831] <i>p</i> = 0.003), white blood cell count (0.351 [95% CI 0.0882–0.615] <i>p</i> = 0.009) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (0.534 [95% CI 0.127–0.941] <i>p</i> = 0.01). However, women with GDM had lower levels of mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (−0.249 [95% CI −0.386–−0.112] <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Pooled results from MPV showed no association between adjusted MPV and GDM (adjusted OR 1.33 [95% CI 0.8–1.86] <i>I</i>² = 57.2%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Finding supports higher levels of blood parameters (Hb, RBC, WBC, NLR and MPV) among women with GDM in the second trimester of pregnancy. Future studies should investigate the potential role of these haematological markers as predictive tools for adverse pregnancy outcomes and evaluate therapeutic interventions targeting these parameters to enhance maternal and fetal health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Time in Range Without Hypoglycaemia Using a Risk Calculator for Intermittently Scanned CGM in Type 1 Diabetes","authors":"Fernando Sebastian-Valles,&nbsp;Jose Alfonso Arranz Martin,&nbsp;Julia Martínez-Alfonso,&nbsp;Jessica Jiménez-Díaz,&nbsp;Iñigo Hernando Alday,&nbsp;Victor Navas-Moreno,&nbsp;Teresa Armenta Joya,&nbsp;Maria del Mar del Fandiño García,&nbsp;Gisela Liz Román Gómez,&nbsp;Jon Garai Hierro,&nbsp;Luis Eduardo Lander Lobariñas,&nbsp;Carmen González-Ávila,&nbsp;Purificación de Martinez de Icaya,&nbsp;Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno,&nbsp;Miguel Antonio Sampedro-Nuñez,&nbsp;Mónica Marazuela","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the impact of clinical and socio-economic factors on glycaemic control and construct statistical models to predict optimal glycaemic control (OGC) after implementing intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included 1072 type 1 diabetes patients (49.0% female) from three centres using isCGM systems. Clinical data and net income from the census tract were collected for each individual. OGC was defined as time in range &gt; 70%, with time below 70 mg/dL &lt; 4%. The sample was randomly split in two equal parts. Logistic regression models to predict OGC were developed in one of the samples, and the best model was selected using the Akaike information criterion and adjusted for Pearson's and Hosmer–Lemeshow's statistics. Model reliability was assessed via external validation in the second sample and internal validation using bootstrap resampling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 2314 models explored, the most effective predictor model included annual net income per person, sex, age, diabetes duration, pre-isCGM HbA1c, insulin dose/kg, and the interaction between sex and HbA1c. When applied to the validation cohort, this model demonstrated 72.6% specificity, 67.3% sensitivity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.736. The AUC through bootstrap resampling was 0.756. Overall, the model's validity in the external cohort was 80.4%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical and socio-economic factors significantly influence OGC in type 1 diabetes. The application of statistical models offers a reliable means of predicting the likelihood of achieving OGC following isCGM system implementation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}