Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"The Association Between Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Among Adolescents Applying International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Cook's Criteria","authors":"Farzad Esmaeili,&nbsp;Siavash Safiee,&nbsp;Mitra Hasheminia,&nbsp;Fereidoun Azizi,&nbsp;Maryam Tohidi,&nbsp;Farzad Hadaegh","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, is rising globally, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is gaining attention as a biomarker for liver function and its association with MetS and its components.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study is part of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). We included 696 adolescents (347 males) aged 10–19 from the seventh examination survey (2018–2021). MetS was defined using both the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Cook's criteria. Serum GGT was measured, and its association as a continuous and categorical variable was assessed with MetS and its components using logistic regression, adjusting for a large set of covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MetS prevalence was 15.66% and 9.19% according to Cook's and IDF criteria, respectively. Higher GGT levels were significantly associated with increased MetS risk by both definitions (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.28 [1.12–1.46] and 1.30 [1.14–1.49] per 5 U/L increase, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking and family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This association was attenuated upon adjusting for ALT levels. GGT levels were robustly associated with high waist circumference, with odds ratios of 1.98 [1.59–2.46] and 1.71 [1.38–2.11] per 5 U/L increase, respectively, even after adjusting for alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Associations with high blood pressure (21% and 17% increased risk by IDF and Cook's criteria) and triglycerides (13% and 16% increased risk by IDF and Cook's criteria) were significant but attenuated after ALT adjustment. No significant associations were found between GGT levels and high fasting plasma glucose or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated serum GGT is strongly associated with a higher risk of MetS and its components, particularly central obesity, in adolescents. These findings suggest that GGT is a valuable biomarker for early MetS detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Serum Vitamin D and Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Independent of Inflammatory Markers and Renal Function","authors":"Parisa Farshchi,&nbsp;Sahar Karimpour Reyhan,&nbsp;Mahsa Abbaszadeh,&nbsp;Soghra Rabizadeh,&nbsp;Alireza Esteghamati,&nbsp;Nasim Khajavi Rad,&nbsp;Soheil Karimpour Reyhan,&nbsp;Elahe Saffari,&nbsp;Manouchehr Nakhjavani","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the relationship between serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tissue necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) vitamin D) with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a cross-sectional study of 86 T2D patients divided into categories of with and without albuminuria based on the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). A 25(OH) vitamin D concentration ≤ 15 ng/mL was defined as vitamin D deficiency, within 15–30 ng/mL as vitamin D insufficiency, and &gt; 30 ng/mL as serum 25(OH) vitamin D sufficiency. A hs-CRP level ≤ 2.5 mg/L was considered low, whereas a hs-CRP level &gt; 2.5 mg/L was considered high. TNF-α was classified as low or high with an 8.2 pg/mL cutoff level based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. P values &lt; 0.05 were considered to be significantly associated with albuminuria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin D deficiency was significantly more commonly observed among T2D patients with albuminuria than those without albuminuria (adjusted OR = 7.34, 95% CI = 2.3–23.6, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Higher serum TNF-α levels (TNF-α &gt; 8.2 pg/mL) were more frequently associated with the presence of albuminuria in T2D patients (adjusted OR = 6.77, 95% CI = 1.61–28.4; <i>p =</i> 0.009). Similarly, elevated serum hs-CRP levels (hs-CRP &gt; 2.5 mg/L) were more commonly found among patients with T2D and albuminuria than in those without (adjusted OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 1.4–15.8; <i>p =</i> 0.012).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin D deficiency is a significant correlate of albuminuria in T2D patients, independent of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and basic inflammatory markers including hs-CRP and TNF-α. Moreover, serum hs-CRP &gt; 2.5 mg/L and TNF-α &gt; 8.2 pg/mL were each individually associated with a significantly increased likelihood of albuminuria in T2D patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Bethesda III or IV Cytology on Fine Needle Aspiration of Thyroid Nodules—A Retrospective Study","authors":"Adeel Ahmad Khan,&nbsp;Noor Khalil Ebrahim Jasim,&nbsp;Najlaa Essa A. H. Al-Mannai,&nbsp;Fateen Ata,&nbsp;Rajen Goyal,&nbsp;Tania Jaber","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The appropriate management strategy for patients with thyroid nodules and indeterminate cytology on fine needle aspiration (FNA) remains unclear, especially in centres where molecular testing is not available. In this retrospective study, we aimed to identify factors predicting the risk of malignancy in these patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included consecutive patients with thyroid nodules with Bethesda III/IV cytology who underwent surgical management at Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar, between 01/01/2015 and 30/08/2023. Patients who did not undergo surgical management were excluded. We performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the factors predicting the risk of malignancy in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 449 patients included in the study, the majority were females (72.2%). The mean (SD) age was 43.7 ± 10.7 years. Arab was the most common ethnicity (56.6%), followed by South-Asian (18.9%) and South-East Asian (17.8%). Sonographic features of thyroid nodules were classified as ATA very low in 0.9%, low-risk in 49.1%, intermediate-risk in 42.05% and high-risk in 7.95%. 86.2% had Bethesda III cytology and 13.8% had Bethesda IV cytology. Histopathology of thyroidectomy specimens confirmed malignancy in 179 (39.9%) patients. The malignancy rate in Bethesda III was 37.9%, while in Bethesda IV it was 51.6%. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, ATA intermediate (OR of 1.57 (1.03–2.4); <i>p</i> = 0.03) and high risk (OR of 3.92 (1.81–8.48); <i>p</i> = 0.001) sonographic patterns were predictive of malignancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In patients with indeterminate thyroid nodule cytology and in the absence of molecular markers, the ATA sonographic pattern of thyroid nodules can guide decision- making for surgical management vs. surveillance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Disparities in Mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus and Sepsis in the US Adults: 1999–2023","authors":"Asad Gul Rao,&nbsp;Sufyan Shahid,&nbsp;Neha Pervez,&nbsp;Ramsha Pervez,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases susceptibility to infection and worsens outcomes in sepsis, a leading cause of preventable death. However, population-level trends in sepsis-related mortality among diabetic individuals in the United States (US) remain poorly characterised, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluates national patterns, temporal shifts, and demographic disparities in sepsis-related mortality in diabetic patients from 1999 to 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective analysis using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Multiple Cause of Death database. Sepsis-related deaths with co-listed DM were extracted for US adults between 1999 and 2023. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were calculated and Joinpoint regression was used to estimate annual percentage changes (APCs) and identify significant trends.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 483,207 sepsis-related deaths occurred in individuals with DM during the study period. AAMRs declined significantly from 1999 to 2018 (APC: −1.22; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), reversed sharply from 2018 to 2021 (APC: +18.14; <i>p</i> = 0.01), and declined again through 2023 (APC: −12.25; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Mortality was highest among older adults (AAMR: 32.63), males (9.72 vs. 7.80 in females), and non-Hispanic Black and American Indian/Alaska Native populations (AAMRs: 17.94 and 17.92, respectively). Hispanic populations showed the steepest pandemic-era increase (APC: +22.49) and subsequent decline (APC: −20.43). Rural areas consistently had higher AAMRs than urban areas (8.77 vs. 8.27), with sharper increases during the pandemic. State-level disparities widened dramatically from 2021 to 2023, and regionally, the South and Midwest exhibited the highest and most persistent mortality burdens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sepsis-related mortality in diabetic individuals in the US has undergone dynamic shifts over the past 25 years, punctuated by COVID-19 era surges and shaped by deep-rooted demographic, geographic, and structural inequities. These findings warrant integrated diabetes-infection care models, early sepsis recognition, and equity-driven interventions to reduce mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Peripheral Circulatory Complication-Related Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A CDC Analysis (1999–2020)","authors":"Iqra Shahid,&nbsp;Hadia Ahmad,&nbsp;Saad Ashraf,&nbsp;Qasim Mehmood,&nbsp;Azka Ijaz,&nbsp;Suraksha Rani,&nbsp;Sara Sohail,&nbsp;Shameer Iqbal Ghuman,&nbsp;Mahnoor Fatima,&nbsp;Minaam Farooq,&nbsp;Hafsa Shahid,&nbsp;Minhal Chaudhry,&nbsp;Aayush Chaulagain","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peripheral circulatory complication (PCC), a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), poses a considerable mortality burden in the United States. This study aimed to analyse demographic and geographic disparities in PCC-related mortality in T2DM patients from 1999 to 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilising the CDC WONDER database, we utilised death certificates to identify PCC-related deaths using ICD-10 Code E11.5 and calculated age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 1,000,000 individuals. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess annual percent changes (APCs) in mortality rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PCC caused 81,793 deaths. The AAMR increased from 1999 to 2004 (APC: 5.88, 95% CI: 2.44 to 12.70), followed by a decrease from 2004 to 2014 (APC: −3.70, 95% CI: −5.83 to −2.45), and an increase again until 2020 (APC: 8.34, 95% CI: 6.05 to 11.50). Males consistently exhibited higher mortality rates (AAMR: 11.08, 95% CI: 11.00 to 11.6) than females (AAMR: 8.34, 95% CI: 8.26 to 8.43). Racial/ethnic disparities were evident, with American Indian or Alaskan natives showing the highest AAMR (19.76) compared to Asian or Pacific Islanders (6.11). Geographic disparities were observed, with the Midwest region (AAMR: 12.86) and West Virginia (AAMR: 18.52) exhibiting significantly higher mortality rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mortality trends associated with PCC in T2DM patients have shown complex trajectories, with notable disparities across demographic and geographic lines. Further research is needed to comprehensively understand the dynamics of PCC and its implications for public health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-Onset Diabetes in Ghana's Upper East Region—Insights From Hospital Data","authors":"Solomon Beletaa,&nbsp;Ceasar Kaba,&nbsp;Joy Afua Mensah,&nbsp;Gideon Kofi Helegbe,&nbsp;James Abugri,&nbsp;Samuel Mawuli Adadey","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in individuals under 30 years, encompassing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), monogenic diabetes, and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). This study investigated the prevalence, types, and complications associated with early-onset diabetes (EOD) in the Upper East Region of Ghana.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study used anonymised patient data from the Ghana Health Service's electronic data system, focusing on inpatient records of individuals aged 0 to 30 diagnosed with diabetes. After removing personal identifiers, incomplete records, gestational diabetes cases, and duplicates, the dataset included variables such as age, sex, education level, admission year, outcomes, diagnoses, and complications, but lacked laboratory and treatment information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of EOD among patients under 30 years of age was calculated to be 0.16% (52 out of 33,282). T1DM was diagnosed in 15 out of 52 patients (28.8%), while only one case of T2DM was identified. Secondary diabetes due to unknown etiologies was the most common diagnosis (22 out of 52 cases, 42.3%), indicating the potential presence of undiagnosed monogenic diabetes or MODY. Reported complications included diabetic foot (5 cases), diabetic nephropathy (2 cases), infections (4 cases), retinopathy (4 cases), and ketoacidosis (13 cases). The data showed 3 deaths, 1 referral, and 1 absconded case were recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the need for accurate diagnosis, targeted management strategies, and further research into secondary diabetes and its potential underlying causes in Ghana. Improved diagnostic capabilities, awareness, and healthcare resources are essential to address EOD and its complications at the study site.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Physical Activity in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Lower Limb Complications: A Scoping Review","authors":"Bingyan Pang,&nbsp;Hannah Porter,&nbsp;Joanne A. McVeigh","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To synthesise contemporary evidence on physical activity (PA) levels in people with type two diabetes and lower limb complications (i.e., foot ulcer, peripheral neuropathy [PN], peripheral arterial disease and amputations).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review following the JBI methodology was conducted using six databases: Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL. We included observational studies that primarily examined PA (all levels and types) in people with diabetes-related lower limb complications. Studies published before December 2024 were included. We excluded reviews, intervention studies, and studies that examined the association between PA and T2DM risks. Findings were collated into tables and figures and reported narratively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Participants were reported to have PN, foot ulcer, peripheral arterial disease, or lower limb amputation. PA was assessed either by questionnaires or activity trackers. PA levels were reported as step count, duration of PA of different intensities, time spent in various postures, gait velocity, step rate and activity score. Mean daily step counts ranged between 1721 (amputation) and 7754 (PN). Mean moderate-intensity PA was reported to be 2 min per day (amputation) to 37 min per day (PN).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People living with diabetes-related lower limb complications engage in low levels of PA. The findings suggest that people with more severe lower limb complications engage in less PA than those with less severe lower limb complications. Future research should standardise PA measurement in individuals with T2DM-related lower limb complications and use the findings of this review to inform tailored, evidence-based recommendations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic Stroke Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes in the U.S.: National Trends and Demographic Disparities From 1999 to 2019","authors":"Muhammad Moiz Nasir,&nbsp;Syed Husain Farhan,&nbsp;Hasan Mushahid,&nbsp;Syeda Ayesha Shah,&nbsp;Muhammad Hamza Shuja,&nbsp;Adam Bilal Khan,&nbsp;Syed Hassaan Ali,&nbsp;Syed Ahmed Farhan,&nbsp;Azeem Hassan,&nbsp;Jawad Ahmed,&nbsp;Mohammad Hamza,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pathological changes in the lining of blood vessels associated with diabetes are a well-established risk factor for stroke, with some studies suggesting a two times increase in risk compared to non-diabetics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Death certificates from the CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging OnLine Data for Epidemiologic Research) database were examined from 1999 to 2019 for ischemic stroke-related mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Annual percent change (APC) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated and stratified by year, sex, and race/ethnicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 1999 to 2019 there were 18,135 deaths from ischemic stroke in patients with T2DM. The AAMR remained relatively constant from 0.31 in 1999 to 0.32 in 2004, gradually declining to 0.14 in 2014 (APC: −6.74), followed by a rapid increase to 0.44 in 2017 (APC: 53.11). Men showed consistently higher AAMR than women in 1999 (AAMR men: 0.34 vs. women: 0.29) and 2019 (AAMR men: 0.55 vs. women: 0.42). When comparing race, African Americans (AA) presented with a consistently higher AAMR in 1999 (AAMR AA: 0.4 vs. white: 0.29) and in 2019 (AAMR AA: 0.62 vs. white:0.44). Notably, a significant escalation in AAMR occurred from 2014 to 2019, affecting both populations; this trend reached its pinnacle in 2019 (2016 AAMR AA: 0.4 vs. white: 0.26) (2019 AAMR AA: 0.62 vs. white: 0.44).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings highlight fluctuating trends in AAMRs with distinct shifts observed after 2014. Noteworthy gender and racial disparities in AAMRs were also evident. The study emphasises the need for ongoing vigilance and focused interventions to address the evolving dynamics of ischaemic stroke-related mortality in the T2DM population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery Versus GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Reducing the Risk of New-Onset of NASH: A Retrospective Multinational Cohort Study From North America and Europe","authors":"Abdallah Hussein,&nbsp;Ameer Awashra,&nbsp;Islam Rajab,&nbsp;Mohammad Bdair,&nbsp;Dawoud Hamdan,&nbsp;Ahmad Nouri,&nbsp;Elaf Khatib,&nbsp;Ghiras Khatib,&nbsp;Nyan Latt","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Obesity is a major risk factor for NASH, and metabolic interventions such as bariatric surgery (BS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been explored for their impact on liver-related outcomes. This study evaluates the comparative effectiveness of BS and GLP-1 RAs in reducing the incidence of new-onset NASH and related hepatic complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a large, population-based, retrospective cohort using data from the TriNetX platform. Adult patients with a body mass index (BMI, of 35 or greater and without a history of NAFLD/NASH (without cirrhosis) who underwent BS versus GLP-1RA between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2019, were included. Patients in the BS group were matched with patients in the GLP-1RA group according to age, demographics, comorbidities and medication by using 1:1 propensity matching.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 180,022 eligible adults, 143,404 underwent BS, while 36,618 received GLP-1 RA therapy. Following propensity score matching, 33,594 patients in the BS group (mean age 49.1 ± 13.2 years; 72.73% female) were matched to an equal number of individuals in the GLP-1 RA group (mean age 48.9 ± 14.0 years; 72.41% female). Compared to those receiving GLP-1 RA therapy, patients who underwent BS had a significantly lower risk of HCC (HR, 0.304; 95% CI, 0.099–0.931), which showed the strongest protective effect, followed by a substantial reduction in NASH (HR, 0.509; 95% CI, 0.469–0.551). The reduction in liver cirrhosis risk was not statistically significant (HR, 0.865; 95% CI, 0.696–1.075). These associations remained across follow-up periods of 1, 3, 5 and 7 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that BS was significantly associated with lower risk of new onset of NASH/NAFLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically Predicted Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Jin Yang","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In several observational studies, vitamins B6, B9, B12, C and 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] concentrations were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although vitamins play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), their associations remain unclear.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study employed Mendelian randomisation (MR) to explore the causal relationships between circulating concentrations of vitamins B6, B9, B12, C, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and T2DM.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to vitamin B6, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, vitamin C and 25(OH)D levels were used as instrumental variables (IVs) in this study. We have two outcomes related to T2DM derived from two genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The first study, referenced by PMID: 3417140, encompasses a cohort of 406,831 individuals of European descent. The second study, identified by PMID: 29892013, includes a sample size of 468,298 Europeans.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Both univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses demonstrate that genetically predicted elevated levels of serum 25(OH)D are consistently associated with a reduced risk of T2DM. In the UVMR analyses, A 1-SD increase in genetically predicted serum 25(OH)D levels, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 3.8 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−7&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;fdr&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; = 7.6 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−7&lt;/sup&gt;, the odds ratio(OR) of T2DM (GCST90013942) was 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57–0.78. Furthermore, a 1-SD increase in genetically predicted serum 25(OH)D levels was associated with an OR of 0.987 for T2DM (GCST90029024), the IVW &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 1.1 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−4&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;fdr&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; = 1.1 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−4&lt;/sup&gt; with a 95% CI of 0.981–0.994. In the MVMR analyses, genetically predicted higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with a decreased risk of T2DM by the IVW &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 1.2 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−5&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;fdr&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; = 5.9 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−5&lt;/sup&gt; in GCST90013942 and IVW &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 4.9 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−4&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;fdr&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; = 2.5 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−3&lt;/sup&gt; in GCST90029024. In contrast, levels of vitamins B6, B9, B12, and C did not domenstrate a significant association with T2DM.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our research reveals that higher circulating serum 25(OH)D levels reduce the possi","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}