Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"L-DOPA Test in the Diagnosis of Childhood Short Stature: Evaluation of Growth Hormone Peaks Over Time","authors":"Barbara Castelli,&nbsp;Rita De Santis,&nbsp;Simona Carrera,&nbsp;Marco Andrea Malanima,&nbsp;Salvatore De Masi,&nbsp;Stefano Stagi","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In childhood, growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) diagnosis is based on auxological assessment and biochemical provocative tests, whose reliability remains disputed. Recently, several papers have been published on standardising the duration of some tests. The aim of our study was to analyse the possible length reduction of the L-DOPA provocative test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively investigated the response of GH to L-DOPA in 256 children, analysing 267 tests (some patients were retested over time for the persistence of severe auxopathy). We studied the same data considering GH peak threshold both at 8 ng/mL (Italian GHD cut-off) and at 10 ng/mL (international cut-off). Based on stimulation tests, patients were divided into two groups: GHD and no-GHD short children. We described the results in the whole population and then clustering for gender and pubertal stage. We termed as index the test stopped at 90 min.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The GH peak after L-DOPA mostly occurred at 60 min. The sensitivity of the index test was the highest, while the specificity was slightly higher using the 8 ng/mL threshold (specificity = 0.68; 95% CI 0.60–0.76) then using the 10 ng/mL threshold (specificity = 0.56; 95% CI 0.47–0.65) at 90 min. The two ROC curves showed moderate performance of the test at 90 min. While the negative predictive value was 100% in both tests, the positive predictive value was slightly better with 10 ng/mL cut-off. Considering the two groups established by GHD definition and placing a GH threshold at 10 ng/mL, stopping L-DOPA test time at 90 min would have changed the test result and subsequentially patient's classification in 3/267 of the analysed tests (1.1%), while with the Italian GH threshold value at 8 ng/mL in 7/267 of the tests (2.6%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our research shows that omitting 120-min time reduces L-DOPA test specificity, especially with GHD cut-off at 10 ng/mL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Adrenal Vein Sampling With and Without Ultra-Low Dose ACTH Infusion in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Primary Aldosteronism","authors":"Christopher A. Preston,&nbsp;Eric X. Z. Yong,&nbsp;Benjamin Marginson,&nbsp;Stephen G. Farrell,&nbsp;Matthew P. Sawyer,&nbsp;Hikaru Hashimura,&nbsp;Maresa M. Derbyshire,&nbsp;Richard J. MacIsaac,&nbsp;Nirupa Sachithanandan","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adrenal vein sampling (AVS), integral to identifying surgically remediable unilateral primary aldosteronism (PA), is technically challenging and subject to fluctuations in cortisol and aldosterone secretion. Intra-procedural adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), conventionally administered as a 250-μg bolus and/or 50 μg per hour infusion, increases cortisol and aldosterone secretion and can improve AVS success, but may cause discordant lateralisation compared to unstimulated AVS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess if AVS performed with ultra-low dose ACTH infusion causes discordant lateralisation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we describe our preliminary experience using an ultra-low dose ACTH infusion AVS protocol. We retrospectively reviewed the results of consecutive AVS procedures (<i>n</i> = 37) performed with and without ultra-low dose ACTH (1-μg bolus followed by 1.25 μg per hour infusion).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bilateral AV cannulation was successful in 70% of procedures pre-ACTH and 89% post-ACTH (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Sixty-nine percent of studies lateralised pre-ACTH and 55% post-ACTH, improving to 79% when both groups were combined. Lateralisation was discordant in 11 cases, including eight in which lateralisation was present only on basal sampling, and three in which lateralisation occurred only with ACTH stimulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, the decrease in lateralisation rates with ACTH was higher than previously reported for some protocols utilising conventional doses of ACTH. Our results suggest that AVS performed with ultra-low dose ACTH can cause discordant lateralisation similar to AVS performed with conventional doses of ACTH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective studies directly comparing low and conventional dose ACTH AVS protocols and long-term patient outcomes are needed to help define the optimal ACTH dose for accurate PA subtyping.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials","authors":"Mushood Ahmed,&nbsp;Hritvik Jain,&nbsp;Hira Javaid,&nbsp;Areeba Ahsan,&nbsp;Szabolcs Szilagyi,&nbsp;Adeel Ahmad,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/edm2.514","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.514","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with or without Type 2 diabetes and heart failure (HF). However, studies have shown conflicting evidence regarding their efficacy in patients following acute myocardial infarction (MI). We conducted a pilot systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in MI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library and Embase databases to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared clinical outcomes of SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo following MI. We conducted the statistical analysis using RevMan, version 5.4 and pooled risk ratios (RRs) along the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for all outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five RCTs reporting data for 11,211 patients were included in our study. The mean follow-up duration was 43.8 weeks. Our pooled analysis showed that SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of hospitalisations for heart failure (HHF) (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61–0.88, <i>p</i> = 0.001) in patients with MI. However, the risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.78–1.41, <i>p</i> = 0.76), CV mortality (RR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.84–1.29, <i>p</i> = 0.73) and all-cause hospitalisations (RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.96–1.17, <i>p</i> = 0.25) remained comparable across the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SGLT2 inhibitors reduce HHF without affecting all-cause mortality, CV mortality and all-cause hospitalisations. However, further evidence is required to reach a definitive conclusion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.514","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily Physical Activity Does Not Contribute to Differences in Muscle Oxidative Capacity Between Overweight and Obesity","authors":"Abigayle B. Simon,&nbsp;Cassandra C. Derella,&nbsp;Jacob C. Looney,&nbsp;Kimberly Norland,&nbsp;Xiaoling Wang,&nbsp;Ryan A. Harris","doi":"10.1002/edm2.513","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.513","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The interaction between physical activity, skeletal muscle health, and adiposity has been explored in normal weight and overweight/obesity grouped together; however, the overall risks associated with being overweight are less than those observed with obesity and can be confounded by disparities in both sex and race. Thus, the present study sought to investigate the intricate interplay of daily physical activity and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (SMOC) in overweight and obesity, while exploring how sex and race impact this dynamic relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and forty participants were grouped by body mass index (BMI) as overweight (<i>n</i> = 73; BMI &gt;25–&lt;30 kg/m²) or obese (<i>n</i> = 67; BMI ≥30 kg/m²). SMOC was assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy and daily physical activity was assessed for 7 days using accelerometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overweight individuals exhibited a higher (<i>p</i> = 0.004) SMOC and engaged in more (<i>p</i> = 0.007) vigorous physical activity compared to obese individuals. In addition, SMOC was lower (<i>p</i> = 0.005) in obese non-Hispanic Black (NHB) men compared to overweight NHB men. No relationships between physical activity and SMOC were observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical activity is not associated with differences in SMOC in overweight and obesity. Obese individuals engage in less vigorous physical activity and exhibit lower SMOC compared to overweight individuals and these differences are emphasised in NHB men.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of OCT3 and MATE2 Genetic Polymorphisms in Poor Response to Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Alaa Abd Al-Hussain Naem,&nbsp;Mona N. Al-Terehi,&nbsp;Fadhaa Abdulameer Ghafil,&nbsp;Farid S. Ataya,&nbsp;Gaber El-Saber Batiha,&nbsp;Athanasios Alexiou,&nbsp;Marios Papadakis,&nbsp;Nermeen N. Welson,&nbsp;Najah R. Hadi","doi":"10.1002/edm2.486","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.486","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The response of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to metformin may be a variation because of genetic differences in solute carrier (SLC) transporter proteins and other effect factors, which have an important effect on how metformin is processed in the body and its efficiency for glycaemic control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted to investigate the impact of certain genetic variants of the organic cation transporter genes OCT3 (SLC22A3 rs12194182 and rs8187722) and MATE2 (SLC47A2 rs12943590) and their association with glycaemic parameters in patients with T2DM who respond poorly to metformin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study involved 150 Iraqi cases with T2DM who were prescribed a daily dose of (1000 mg/day) metformin for a minimum of 3 months. Various parameters included are as follows: demographic data, glycaemic parameters and three SNPs: rs12943590 variant of SLC47A2, rs12194182 and rs8187722 variant of SLC22A3 using the standard PCR-sequencing technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-nine patients (26.17%) were responders, whereas 111 patients (73.82%) could not respond to metformin treatment. Upon analysing the genotypes of the rs12943590 variants of SLC47A2, rs12194182 and rs8187722 SNPs of SLC22A3, the present findings revealed a nonsignificant association of genetic variations in all SNPs with metformin response. SLC47A2 (rs12943590) showed nonsignificant associations of the GG, AA and AG genotyping; SLC22A3 (rs12194182) showed nonsignificant associations of the TT, TC and CC genotyping; and SLC22A3 (rs8187722) showed nonsignificant associations of the AA, CC and AC genotyping between two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Variations in genes SLC22A3 and SLC47A2 did not have a significant role in the response of patients with T2DM to metformin (1000 mg/day).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11291545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes and Its Correlation With Heat Shock Protein 70, Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma, Advanced Oxidation Protein Products and Advanced Glycation End Products","authors":"Nazanin Hashemi,&nbsp;Sahar Karimpour Reyhan,&nbsp;Reihane Qahremani,&nbsp;Kiana Seifouri,&nbsp;Meraj Tavakoli,&nbsp;Seyed Arsalan Seyedi,&nbsp;Farahnaz Ghaemi,&nbsp;Mahsa Abbaszadeh,&nbsp;Alireza Esteghamati,&nbsp;Manouchehr Nakhjavani,&nbsp;Hossein Mirmiranpour,&nbsp;Soghra Rabizadeh","doi":"10.1002/edm2.508","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.508","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the association between vitamin D3 level and oxidative stress biomarkers such as Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in patients with Type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional study, 54 patients including 32 females and 22 males with a mean age of 54.92 ± 11.37 years with T2D attending the diabetes clinic from 2021 to 2022 were included. According to the average level of vitamin D in this population (14.91), they were divided into two groups with vitamin D ≤15 ng/mL and vitamin D &gt;15 ng/mL. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and AOPP, HSP and FRAP parameters. The correlation between vitamin D and other variables was evaluated via the Pearson correlation test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin D level had a positive relation with FRAP (<i>β</i> = 0.32, <i>p</i> = 0.017) and HSP (<i>β</i> = 0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.003), but had a negative relation with AOPP (<i>β</i> = −0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.02). The level of 2hPP also had a negative relation with the level of vitamin D (<i>β</i> = −0.33, <i>p</i> = 0.03). There was not any relationship between the level of vitamin D and AGEs or other variables. After adjusting for multiple confounders for the multivariate regression model, HSP remained significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research indicates the relationship between vitamin D levels and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141601946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled Study of Pre- and Postoperative Headache in Patients with Sellar Masses (HEADs-uP Study)","authors":"Tessa N. A. Slagboom,&nbsp;Tessel M. Boertien,&nbsp;Peter H. Bisschop,&nbsp;Eric Fliers,&nbsp;Johannes C. Baaijen,&nbsp;Jantien Hoogmoed,&nbsp;Madeleine L. Drent","doi":"10.1002/edm2.496","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.496","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sellar masses are common intracranial neoplasms. Their clinical manifestations vary widely and include headache. We aimed to determine whether the prevalence and characteristics of headache in patients with sellar tumours differ from the general population and to investigate the effect of tumour resection on this complaint.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a prospective, controlled study in a single tertiary centre and included 57 patients that underwent transsphenoidal resection for a sellar mass (53% females, mean age 53.5 ± 16.4) and 29 of their partners (controls; 45% females, mean age 54.8 ± 14.9). Outcome measures were prevalence, characteristics and impact of headache 1 month preoperatively and at neurosurgical follow-up 3 months postoperatively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preoperatively, the prevalence of regular headache (≥1 time per month) was higher in patients than in controls (54% vs. 17%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and patients scored higher on headache impact questionnaires (all <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). At postoperative follow-up, headache prevalence decreased in both groups, but the decrease in regular headache frequency and impact was larger in patients than in controls, and no between-group differences remained.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>More than half of patients with sellar tumours suffer from at least once-monthly headaches, and both regular headache occurrence and impact are higher compared with controls. The more pronounced decrease in headache complaints in patients versus controls at postoperative follow-up suggests an additional effect of tumour resection next to the factor time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.496","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141601944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Adherence to Treatment in Patients With Diabetes: Practical Strategies","authors":"Donya Sadeghi","doi":"10.1002/edm2.512","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.512","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases worldwide [<span>1, 2</span>]. In addition to complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, repeated infections or even limb amputation, lack of continuous blood sugar control can cause economic problems and disruption in the progress of prescribed treatments for patients [<span>3</span>]. According to the World Health Organization, adherence to treatment includes behaviours such as taking medications, following a diet, and living a healthy lifestyle that are consistent with the recommendations of health care providers. Despite the great advances of medical science in the treatment of diabetes, the poor adherence of patients to the treatment and prescribed drug regimen is still considered as one of the important challenges related to this disease. Adherence to treatment is simultaneously influenced by several factors such as social and economic factors, healthcare team/system-related factors, condition-related factors, treatment-related factors and patient-related factors [<span>4</span>]. Therefore, to improve treatment adherence, issues related to each factor must be addressed. The aim of the present study was to provide practical strategies to improving adherence to treatment in patients with diabetes.</p><p>Social problems of patients with diabetes include feelings of fear, embarrassment, blame, guilt, anxiety and decreased self-confidence, which may lead to a feeling of social stigma in the patient. For this reason, these patients may resort to strategies such as hiding the disease, not performing therapeutic activities in public, avoiding social relations and finally not adherence to treatment of their disease [<span>5, 6</span>]. Meanwhile, family support, as one of the most important sources of social support, plays a significant role in increasing self-confidence and adaptation to the disease in people with diabetes. The coordination and cooperation of family members, especially in relation to understanding the physical and mental conditions of the patient, following the diet and remembering to take the appropriate and timely dose of medicine, helps a lot to adherence to treatment in the patient with diabetes [<span>7</span>]. In this regard, one of the most important ways to increase compliance with treatment is to increase the level of awareness of the patient, family and society about the nature, control and transmission of this disease. Educational interventions to improve the level of health literacy, based on educational strategies, including lectures, audio and video media, interviews, the use of mobile phone software programs, social networks, as well as low-cost and accessible education such as the use of SMS By raising the level of understanding and knowledge, it can lead to continuous adherence to treatment and increase the patient's self-confidence in enjoying their normal life [<span>2, 8</span>].</p><p>It is not a secret that the diagnosis and control of","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141601945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multireceptor Analysis for Evaluating the Antidiabetic Efficacy of Karanjin: A Computational Approach","authors":"Sagnik Nag,&nbsp;B. Stany,&nbsp;Shatakshi Mishra,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar,&nbsp;Sourav Mohanto,&nbsp;Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed,&nbsp;Bijo Mathew,&nbsp;Vetriselvan Subramaniyan","doi":"10.1002/edm2.509","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.509","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes mellitus, notably type 2, is a rising global health challenge, prompting the need for effective management strategies. Common medications such as metformin, insulin, repaglinide and sitagliptin can induce side effects like gastrointestinal disturbances, hypoglycemia, weight gain and specific organ risks. Plant-derived therapies like Karanjin from <i>Pongamia pinnata</i> present promising alternatives due to their historical use, holistic health benefits and potentially fewer adverse effects. This study employs in silico analysis to explore Karanjin's interactions with diabetes-associated receptors, aiming to unveil its therapeutic potential while addressing the limitations and side effects associated with conventional medications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The research encompassed the selection of proteins from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), followed by structural refinement processes and optimization. Ligands such as Karanjin and standard drugs were retrieved from PubChem, followed by a comprehensive analysis of their ADMET profiling and pharmacokinetic properties. Protein–ligand interactions were evaluated through molecular docking using AutoDockTools 1.5.7, followed by the analysis of structural stability using coarse-grained simulations with CABS Flex 2.0. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using Desmond 7.2 and the OPLS4 force field to explore how Karanjin interacts with proteins over 100 nanoseconds, focusing on the dynamics and structural stability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Karanjin, a phytochemical from <i>Pongamia pinnata</i>, shows superior drug candidate potential compared to common medications, offering advantages in efficacy and reduced side effects. It adheres to drug-likeness criteria and exhibits optimal ADMET properties, including moderate solubility, high gastrointestinal absorption and blood–brain barrier penetration. Molecular docking revealed Karanjin's highest binding energy against receptor 3L2M (Pig pancreatic alpha-amylase) at −9.1 kcal/mol, indicating strong efficacy potential. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed stable ligand–protein complexes with minor fluctuations in RMSD and RMSF, suggesting robust interactions with receptors 3L2M.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Karanjin demonstrates potential in pharmaceutical expansion for treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, as supported by computational analysis. Prospects for Karanjin in pharmaceutical development include structural modifications","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variants in the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene and Risk of Obesity/Overweight in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Maryam Eghbali,&nbsp;Azadeh Mottaghi,&nbsp;Sara Taghizadeh,&nbsp;Sara Cheraghi","doi":"10.1002/edm2.510","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.510","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The variations in the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the fat mass and obesity (FTO)-associated gene have been linked to being overweight or obese in children. In this research a thorough examination was performed to elucidate the connection between various FTO gene SNPs and overweight or obesity in children and adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched PubMed, Google scholar, Web of Science and Scopus until January 2024 to find studies that investigate the association between different SNPs of FTO gene and the risk of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. After filtering the relevant studies, meta-analysis was used to quantify the association of FTO gene SNPs within different genetic inheritance models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We have identified 32 eligible studies with 14,930 obese/overweight cases and 24,765 healthy controls. Our recessive model showed a significant association with rs9939609 (OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.20; 2.02, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and rs1421085 (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14; 2.75, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Besides, in the homozygote model, rs1421085 showed the highest association (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.38; 3.89, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) with the risk of obesity in a population of children and adolescents. Moreover, there are other SNPs of FTO genes, such as rs9921255, rs9928094 and rs9930333, which showed a positive association with obesity and overweight. However, their effects were evaluated in very few numbers of studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we have found that the FTO rs9939609 and rs1421085 are associated to an increased risk of obesity among children and adolescents. Besides, the findings of this study further reaffirmed the established link between rs9939609 and obesity in children and adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11227992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}