Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Pathophysiology, Genetic Association Studies and Therapeutic Approaches","authors":"Boštjan Hostnik, Gašper Tonin, Andrej Janež, Jasna Klen","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), significantly impairing quality of life and psychosocial well-being. The prevalence of ED is estimated to be over 3.5 times higher in men with diabetes mellitus compared to those without. The aetiology of diabetic ED is multifactorial, stemming from complex diabetes mellitus-related systemic changes. The pathophysiology of diabetic ED involves interacting pathways, including endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, autonomic and peripheral neuropathy, structural penile changes, hormonal imbalances, and psychological factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A review of the literature was conducted to examine the pathophysiological mechanisms, genetic associations, and treatment modalities related to diabetic ED. Particular attention was given to studies exploring pharmacogenetics and emerging therapeutic interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Management is multimodal, including lifestyle changes, counselling, and pharmacological agents (primarily phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is)), but treatment response varies. Genetic studies have identified associations between ED risk/severity and polymorphisms in several candidate genes, including <i>NOS3</i> (G894T, T786C, VNTR), <i>ARG1/ARG2</i> (influencing nitric oxide substrate availability), ACE (I/D polymorphism), <i>AR</i> (CAG repeat length affecting androgen sensitivity), and <i>VEGF</i> (promoter polymorphisms). Pharmacogenetic studies suggest that polymorphisms in <i>NOS3</i>, <i>AR</i>, and <i>VEGF</i> may predict response to PDE5Is or testosterone therapy, while <i>ARG1/ARG2</i> variations might guide future arginase-targeted therapies. Emerging treatments like low-intensity shockwave therapy, platelet-rich plasma, gene therapy, and stem cell therapy show promise but require more robust evidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetic ED is a complex condition driven by multiple pathophysiological mechanisms often influenced by an underlying genetic predisposition. Understanding the interplay between pathophysiology and genetics is crucial for developing personalised treatment strategies. While current therapies offer benefits, variability in response highlights the need for tailored approaches. Further research, especially large-scale pharmacogenetic studies and randomised controlled trials for emerging therapies, is essential to identify reliable biomarkers, optimise treatment selection, a","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12441930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intentional Weight Loss and Associated Cancer Incidence Among People With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Chi-Yin Liao,&nbsp;David Schapiro,&nbsp;Donna Mojdami,&nbsp;Kristin M. Sheffield,&nbsp;Meredith M. Hoog,&nbsp;Raghuvir Keni,&nbsp;Wambui Grace Gathirua-Mwangi,&nbsp;Hong Kan","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While obesity is linked to increased cancer risk, evidence on the impact of intentional weight loss on obesity-associated cancers (OACs) is limited. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to assess the association between intentional weight loss and cancer incidence, including overall cancers and 13 OACs, from recent observational studies and clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies published between January 2019 and May 2023 were searched within MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL. Studies assessing the relationship between intentional weight loss, defined as weight reduction via metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS) or lifestyle interventions, and cancer incidence were included. A dual independent review process was used to screen 1954 abstracts and 84 full-text articles, and to extract data from 18 full studies. All discrepancies were resolved by another reviewer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 18 studies included, 17 studies were observational, focusing on MBS as the method for achieving weight reduction. One randomised controlled trial examined the effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on weight reduction and found no significant association between intentional weight loss and cancer risk. Intentional weight loss was associated with decreased cancer incidence in 71.4% (<i>n</i> = 5/7) of studies for all cancers and 66.7% (<i>n</i> = 4/6) of studies for OACs, with reported risk reductions of 11% to 33% and 11% to 41%, respectively. For specific OACs, a greater number of studies indicated that weight reduction was associated with reduced occurrence of endometrial (4/4, 100%, 31%–53% risk reduction), female breast (5/9, 55.6%, 19%–50% risk reduction) and colorectal (4/7, 57.1%, 20%–60% risk reduction) cancers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This SLR highlights the potential cancer risk-reduction benefit of weight reduction for people with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors in Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Jia Shen Goh,&nbsp;Sameen Sohail,&nbsp;Haroon Ayub,&nbsp;Zian Zafar Cheema,&nbsp;Nitish Behary Paray,&nbsp;Sanka Adikari,&nbsp;Ahmad Mesmar,&nbsp;Mohammad Atout,&nbsp;Abdul Rehman Qazi,&nbsp;Ahmad Aldalqamouni,&nbsp;Bilal Younas,&nbsp;Muhammad Atif Rauf,&nbsp;Muhammad Azhar Waheed Khan,&nbsp;Aya Abouayana,&nbsp;Ahmed Eid Ahmed Abouayana,&nbsp;Ali Hasan,&nbsp;Maryam Shahzad,&nbsp;Mushood Ahmed,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed,&nbsp;Saeed Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypertension remains a major contributor to global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aldosterone, a key hormone in blood pressure regulation, plays a significant role in hypertension pathophysiology. This has led to growing interest in aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASIs) as a potential treatment. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ASIs in managing hypertension.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central was conducted up to 13 July 2025, to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating ASIs in hypertensive adults. Data were analysed using RevMan version 5.4, employing random-effects models with significance set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 8 RCTs were included, with a total of 2003 participants in the ASI group and 650 participants in the placebo group. ASIs significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to placebo (MD: −6.01 mmHg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −9.31 to −2.71; I² = 85%; <i>p</i> = 0.0004); diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was found to be comparable between the two groups (MD: −2.20 mmHg; 95% CI: −4.46 to 0.06; I² = 69%; <i>p</i> = 0.06). There was a significant reduction in serum aldosterone levels favouring ASI use (MD: −1.46; 95% CI: −2.76 to −0.16; I² = 99%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.00001). The risk of serious (RD: 0.00; 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.02; I² = 30%; <i>p</i> = 0.75) and non-serious adverse events (RD: 0.05; 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.12; I² = 64%; <i>p</i> = 0.20) did not differ significantly between ASI and placebo groups. However, ASI use was associated with a significantly higher risk of hyperkalemia (RD: 0.04; 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.06; I² = 70%; <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ASIs effectively lower SBP and serum aldosterone in adults with hypertension. They appear safe overall but may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Bethesda III or IV Cytology on Fine Needle Aspiration of Thyroid Nodules—A Retrospective Study’","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Khan AA, Jasim NKE, Al-Mannai NEAH, Ata F, Goyal R, Jaber T. Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Bethesda III or IV Cytology on Fine Needle Aspiration of Thyroid Nodules-A Retrospective Study. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2025;8(5):e70076.</p><p>In the Acknowledgements section on Page 7 of the manuscript, the APC for publication was attributed to the wrong entity.</p><p>Instead of ‘Article processing charges for the publication of this study were provided by the Qatar National Library (QNL)’, we would like to change this to:</p><p>Article processing charges for the publication of this study were provided by the Medical Research Center (MRC) at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC).</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality, Reliability and Accuracy of Hyperthyroidism-Related Content on Social Media Platform TikTok","authors":"Aayush Shah,&nbsp;Raika Bourmand,&nbsp;Freddy Albaladejo,&nbsp;Karthik Jarugula,&nbsp;Sofia Olsson,&nbsp;Zainab Farzal,&nbsp;Viraj Shah","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective(s)</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the quality, reliability and accuracy of hyperthyroidism-related content on TikTok using validated assessment tools.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We systematically searched TikTok for ‘hyperthyroid’ and ‘high thyroid’, analysing 115 videos after exclusions. Two independent researchers assessed videos using the Global Quality Scale (GQS, range 0–5) for overall content quality, the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN, range 0–5) for reliability and the Accuracy in Digital Information (ANDI, range 0–4) tool for factual correctness. We categorised creator credentials and content purpose, performing statistical analyses to examine associations with video quality and engagement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 115 videos analysed, the mean ANDI score was 3.15/4, the mean GQS was 2.72/5, and the mean mDISCERN score was 2.47/5. Educational content (98.3%) demonstrated higher GQS (<i>p</i> = 0.019) and mDISCERN (<i>p</i> = 0.040) scores than non-educational content. Conversely, anecdotal content (35.7%) was associated with significantly lower GQS (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and mDISCERN (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) scores. Healthcare professionals (HCPs, 37.4% of creators) produced videos with higher ANDI (<i>p</i> = 0.015), GQS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and mDISCERN (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) scores than non-HCPs. Notably, physician-created videos garnered higher engagement across all metrics (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While some TikTok content on hyperthyroidism is of high quality, particularly from healthcare professionals, the platform is dominated by lower quality content from non-experts. This underscores the need for increased engagement from healthcare professionals on social media to improve the accuracy and reliability of health information available to the public.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri-Liver Transplant Hyperglycemia: Mechanisms, Associated Factors, Consequences, and Management – A Systematic Review","authors":"Yekta Rameshi,&nbsp;Simin Dashti-Khavidaki,&nbsp;Soghra Rabizadeh,&nbsp;Mahta Alimadadi,&nbsp;Alimohammad Moradi,&nbsp;Amir Kasraianfard,&nbsp;Ali Jafarian,&nbsp;Zahra Ahmadinejad","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/edm2.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liver transplantation is associated with various metabolic disorders. Peri-transplant hyperglycemia is among the most frequent metabolic disorders among liver transplant recipients. Hyperglycemia following liver transplantation can increase the risk of post-transplant complications, potentially impacting both graft and recipient outcomes. Several studies have compared intensive with standard blood glucose control strategies in liver transplant recipients. However, a comprehensive protocol for managing peri-transplant hyperglycemia remains elusive. This review aimed to synthesise existing literature on the mechanisms, associated factors, and consequences of hyperglycemia after liver transplantation, and to provide recommendations for managing hyperglycemia in this patient population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed, Scopus, and UpToDate databases and American Diabetes Association guidelines were searched without time limitations until February 2025.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peri-liver transplant hyperglycemia can be attributed to several factors, including post-reperfusion hepatocyte injury, insulin resistance stemming from underlying liver disease, surgical stress, and the use of immunosuppressive drugs. Various factors associated with peri-transplant hyperglycemia can be categorised into pre-transplant recipient factors, intraoperative factors, and donor-related factors. Research has shown that inadequate glycemic control during the peri-transplant period may have detrimental effects on post-transplant outcomes, including an increased incidence of infections, graft rejection, acute kidney injury, prolonged hospital stays, and higher overall mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The suggestions presented in this article, which consider the recipient's medical history and clinical conditions, can serve as a framework for healthcare providers to manage peri-liver transplant hyperglycemia effectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Accumulation Product Index as a Marker of Metabolic Syndrome in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Seyed Arsalan Seyedi,&nbsp;Seyed Ali Nabipoorashrafi,&nbsp;Samira Amin Afshari,&nbsp;Afsoun Mansouri,&nbsp;Dorsa Alizadegan,&nbsp;Sara Hobaby,&nbsp;Fatemeh Esmaeilpur Abianeh,&nbsp;Jeffrey I. Mechanick,&nbsp;Alireza Esteghamati","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lipid accumulation product (LAP) index is a measure of lipid toxicity based on triglyceride and waist circumference. The aim of the current study is to explore the relationship between LAP index and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Web of Science, Embase and PubMed online databases were systematically searched for studies investigating the relationship between LAP index and MetS in PCOS. Ten observational studies, including 12 populations with 2957 individuals, were identified for analysis. Mean difference and bivariate diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) meta-analyses were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significant LAP index difference of 49.17 was found in women with PCOS with and without MetS (95% CI [40.57, 57.77]). By DTA meta-analysis, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of LAP index for MetS detection were 87% (<i>I</i>² 78%, 95% CI [80%, 92%]) and 88% (<i>I</i>² 78%, 95% CI [83%, 92%]), respectively, with area under the curve of 0.94 (95% CI [0.91, 0.96]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The LAP index is an affordable, specific and sensitive marker for MetS and may be considered a pragmatic tool for MetS detection among patients with PCOS, particularly those with an insulin resistance endotype.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Metformin and Baricitinib Therapy Attenuates Inflammation in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats via AMPK/JAK–STAT Pathway Crosstalk","authors":"Mostafa Allahyari,&nbsp;AbdolJalal Marjani,&nbsp;Marie Saghaeian Jazi,&nbsp;Mehrdad Jahanshahi","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic inflammation is a critical factor contributing to diabetes complications. Baricitinib inhibits JAK–STAT signalling, which can contribute to an anti-inflammatory effect. Similarly, metformin demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties by activating the AMPK–SIRT pathway and suppressing the NF-ᴋB signalling pathway. Here, we explored the effects of the coadministration of metformin and baricitinib in diabetic rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight) was administered to rats to develop diabetes after 2 weeks of 10% fructose solution consumption. The rats were treated with baricitinib (0.5, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) and 150 mg/kg metformin for 1 month. A dose of 0.5 mg/kg baricitinib was chosen for combination therapy with metformin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baricitinib induced significant weight loss at all three doses (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) and significantly increased lipid profile parameters in comparison to the diabetic control group (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Pancreatic NF-ᴋB levels and HOMA-IR were meaningfully reduced in all treatment groups (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). Metformin and combination therapy significantly reduced serum TNF-α levels (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, baricitinib at different doses and combination therapy significantly elevated serum IL-10 levels (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Additionally, combination therapy significantly upregulated the liver expression of NF-ᴋB, SOCS1, SOCS3, AMPK and SIRT-1 (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that the coadministration of metformin with baricitinib reduces insulin resistance, improves histopathological alterations in the liver and pancreatic islet cells and counteracts the adverse effects of baricitinib on the lipid profile in diabetic rats. These findings hold particular significance for patients undergoing baricitinib treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trifolium pratense-Derived Exosome Improved Serum Biochemical Parameters and Pancreatic Genes in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"Amir Hossein Khazaei,&nbsp;Azam Bozorgi,&nbsp;Elham Ghanbari,&nbsp;Maryam Bozorgi,&nbsp;Mozafar Khazaei","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plant-derived exosomes (PDEs) are promising nanotherapeutics for improving chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. <i>Trifolium pratense</i> (<i>TP</i>) is a flowering herb with potent antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. The present study aimed to explore the diabetic-healing effects of <i>TP</i>-derived exosomes (<i>TPDEs</i>) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>TPDEs</i> were isolated using polyethylene glycol precipitation and serial centrifugation and characterised. STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with <i>TPDE</i> doses (0, 100, 200, and 400 μg/kg) for 28 days. Biochemical factors (fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, C-peptide, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and nitric oxide (NO)) were evaluated in serum samples. Also, the expression of <i>PDX1, insulin, NGN3</i>, and <i>SIRT1</i> genes in pancreas tissues was assessed using real-time PCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>TPDE</i> treatment decreased the serum levels of FBS and NO while increasing c-peptide, insulin, and TAC levels. It also significantly enhanced the expression of <i>insulin, PDX1, NGN3,</i> and <i>SIRT1</i> genes. <i>TPDEs</i> at doses of 100 to 200 μg/kg showed the most significant antidiabetic effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TPDEs significantly improved diabetes-induced alterations in serum insulin levels, antioxidant status, and pancreas-related gene expression. It can be considered a novel complementary treatment for diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction in Malagasy Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associations With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sitraka Angelo Raharinavalona,&nbsp;Tafitarilova Dorland Ranjandriarison,&nbsp;Thierry Razanamparany,&nbsp;Romuald Randriamahavonjy,&nbsp;Andrianirina Dave Patrick Rakotomalala","doi":"10.1002/edm2.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study aims to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and its associations with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in Malagasy patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 years at the Soavinandriana Hospital Center. Erectile function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function 5-item version (IIEF-5) questionnaire, with a score of less than 22 indicating ED. The presence of ASCVD was confirmed in cases where carotid atherosclerosis (CAS), lower limb arteriopathy (LLA), coronary heart disease (CHD) and/or ischaemic stroke were present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study population included 305 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM). The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) was 73.4%. According to the bivariate analysis, the risk factors for ED were age ≥ 55 years (odds ratio [OR] 12.0 (6.34–23.4)), hypertension (OR 6.02 (3.27–11.3)), physical inactivity (OR 8.86 (4.85–16.6)), smoking (OR 2.53 (1.32–5.09)), dyslipidemia (OR 4.11 (2.33–7.32)), type 2 DM (OR 8.80 (1.53–91.0)) and diabetes duration ≥ 10 years (OR 2.24 (1.11–4.87)), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers (OR 6.27 (3.43–11.6)), calcium-channel blockers (OR 3.01 (1.69–5.48)), diuretics (OR 2.14 (1.06–4.66)) and beta-blockers (OR 4.55 (1.85–13.5)). After adjusting for age, hypertension, physical inactivity, smoking and dyslipidemia, ED was significantly associated with ASCVD (OR 1.88 (1.01–3.69)), and CAS (OR 1.89 (1.03–3.22)). Adjusting for age, type and duration of DM, ED was found to be significantly associated with ASCVD (OR 1.91 (1.01–3.58)) and CAS (OR 2.31 (1.11–4.85)). However, there was no statistically significant association between ED, LLA, CHD and ischaemic stroke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ED was very common and may be a predictor of ASCVD in patients with DM, particularly CAS. Consequently, the presence of ED should prompt the search for ASCVD, and vice versa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36522,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edm2.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}