Early-Onset Diabetes in Ghana's Upper East Region—Insights From Hospital Data

IF 2.6 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Solomon Beletaa, Ceasar Kaba, Joy Afua Mensah, Gideon Kofi Helegbe, James Abugri, Samuel Mawuli Adadey
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Abstract

Background

Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in individuals under 30 years, encompassing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), monogenic diabetes, and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). This study investigated the prevalence, types, and complications associated with early-onset diabetes (EOD) in the Upper East Region of Ghana.

Methods

The study used anonymised patient data from the Ghana Health Service's electronic data system, focusing on inpatient records of individuals aged 0 to 30 diagnosed with diabetes. After removing personal identifiers, incomplete records, gestational diabetes cases, and duplicates, the dataset included variables such as age, sex, education level, admission year, outcomes, diagnoses, and complications, but lacked laboratory and treatment information.

Results

The prevalence of EOD among patients under 30 years of age was calculated to be 0.16% (52 out of 33,282). T1DM was diagnosed in 15 out of 52 patients (28.8%), while only one case of T2DM was identified. Secondary diabetes due to unknown etiologies was the most common diagnosis (22 out of 52 cases, 42.3%), indicating the potential presence of undiagnosed monogenic diabetes or MODY. Reported complications included diabetic foot (5 cases), diabetic nephropathy (2 cases), infections (4 cases), retinopathy (4 cases), and ketoacidosis (13 cases). The data showed 3 deaths, 1 referral, and 1 absconded case were recorded.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the need for accurate diagnosis, targeted management strategies, and further research into secondary diabetes and its potential underlying causes in Ghana. Improved diagnostic capabilities, awareness, and healthcare resources are essential to address EOD and its complications at the study site.

Abstract Image

加纳上东部地区的早发性糖尿病——来自医院数据的见解
糖尿病是30岁以下人群中最常见的内分泌疾病,包括1型糖尿病(T1DM)、早发型2型糖尿病(T2DM)、单基因糖尿病和青年成熟型糖尿病(MODY)。本研究调查了加纳上东部地区早发性糖尿病(EOD)的患病率、类型和并发症。该研究使用来自加纳卫生服务电子数据系统的匿名患者数据,重点关注0至30岁诊断为糖尿病的患者的住院记录。在去除个人标识符、不完整记录、妊娠糖尿病病例和重复病例后,该数据集包括年龄、性别、教育水平、入院年份、结局、诊断和并发症等变量,但缺乏实验室和治疗信息。结果30岁以下人群中EOD患病率为0.16%(52 / 33,282)。52例患者中有15例(28.8%)被诊断为T1DM,而只有1例被诊断为T2DM。病因不明的继发性糖尿病是最常见的诊断(52例中有22例,42.3%),表明可能存在未确诊的单基因糖尿病或MODY。并发症包括糖尿病足(5例)、糖尿病肾病(2例)、感染(4例)、视网膜病变(4例)、酮症酸中毒(13例)。数据显示3例死亡,1例转诊,1例潜逃。这些发现强调了在加纳需要准确的诊断、有针对性的管理策略和进一步研究继发性糖尿病及其潜在的潜在原因。提高诊断能力、意识和医疗资源对于解决研究地点的排爆及其并发症至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
66
审稿时长
6 weeks
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