Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Deep Learning and Gradient Boosting: ANN Versus XGBoost for Climate-Based Dengue Prediction in Bangladesh","authors":"Arman Hossain Chowdhury","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70714","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bangladesh is confronting an unprecedented threat from dengue, worsened by climate change. Understanding its trends and pinpointing climatic risk factors is vital for effective intervention and control. This study aimed to compare the artificial neural network (ANN) and eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models to identify the best model for predicting dengue incidence and determining key climatic risk factors in Bangladesh.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monthly dengue data were obtained from the Directorate General of Health Services, while climate data were collected from the NASA website. Exploratory data analysis, as well as ANN and XGBoost models, were performed to analyze the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2000 to 2023, Bangladesh reported 565,890 dengue cases, with 2023 having the highest outbreak at 79,598 cases. Precipitation, ranging from 0 mm to 1012.50 mm (mean = 181.58 mm), showed significant variability, with the highest recorded in August 2017. Relative humidity had a mean of 75.99%, and wind speed averaged 10.11 m/s. XGBoost outperformed other models, achieving the lowest root mean square error (918.83) and mean absolute error (479.44). The model identified precipitation as the key factor influencing dengue incidence, followed by relative humidity and wind speed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study's findings, which incorporate climate data and predictive modeling, offer valuable insights for preventing and controlling dengue epidemics and for early warning systems in Bangladesh. To mitigate the impact of future outbreaks, key factors such as precipitation, relative humidity, and wind speed should be closely monitored, alongside proactive measures and enhanced surveillance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-Induced Renal Vasculitis: Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Therapeutic Approaches—A Narrative Review","authors":"Hashim Mohamed Siraj,&nbsp;Masab Ali,&nbsp;Sampda Sanjaykumar Sharma,&nbsp;Afreen Begum,&nbsp;Muhammad Husnain Ahmad,&nbsp;Hassan Muhammad,&nbsp;Roba Kamaleldin Moustafa Kamel Aref Elsayed,&nbsp;Muhammad Hamza Tahir","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70667","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drug-induced renal vasculitis arises from various medications that cause immunological dysregulation or direct vascular damage, leading to inflammation and thrombosis. Clinical manifestations vary widely, from mild constitutional symptoms to severe organ dysfunction. This review aims to thoroughly explore drug-induced renal vasculitis, focusing on its etiology, pathological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic approaches. This review aims to summarize current knowledge and highlight areas requiring further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. We included peer-reviewed journal articles and excluded those with insufficient data, poor quality, or lack of relevance. The search terms included combinations of “renal vasculitis,” “drug-induced vasculitis,” “drug-related nephritis,” “medication-induced renal vasculitis,” and specific drug names. An initial search yielded 13,192 articles, of which 13,103 were excluded due to irrelevance, duplication, or outdated information. After full-text review, 99 peer-reviewed articles were included.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Discontinuation of the offending drug is the primary and most crucial step in managing drug-induced renal vasculitis. Prognosis is generally more favorable than primary vasculitis, with a high remission rate if the offending drug is stopped early. Due to its rarity, epidemiological data is limited. Diagnosis frequently relies on autoantibodies [antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), antinuclear antibody (ANA)] and clinical symptoms, with renal biopsy confirming it. Factors such as high-dose and long-term drug use, as well as genetic predispositions, increase the risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review provides a comprehensive overview of drug-induced renal vasculitis, discussing what is known and identifying gaps in understanding. While discontinuing the causative drug remains the cornerstone of management, further research is needed, particularly in developing a formal tool to assess the quality of studies and minimize selection bias.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic Interventions in Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Systematic Review and Future Prospects","authors":"Zahra Mirfeizi,&nbsp;Mahmoud Mahmoudi,&nbsp;Marzieh Monemi,&nbsp;Amin Tajerian,&nbsp;Arezoo Faridzadeh","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70657","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an uncommon autoimmune connective tissue disease distinguished by fibrosis and vascular abnormalities, often leading to gastrointestinal problems. This review explores the potential of probiotics in managing SSc-related gastrointestinal issues and modulating immune responses, highlighting the need for innovative treatments to improve patient well-being.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed an extensive literature search up to October 2023 in databases, including Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review detected four articles that investigated the impact of probiotics on SSc. These studies, comprising non-randomized observational studies and randomized clinical trials, provide preliminary insights suggesting that probiotics may be efficacious in modulating the immune response and, consequently, in improving gastrointestinal symptoms in SSc patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The comprehensive review suggests that probiotics may aid in managing gastrointestinal symptoms and modulating immune responses in SSc. However, it is essential to acknowledge the limited existing evidence, underscoring the need for more rigorous randomized controlled trials to thoroughly assess their effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70657","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass Media Exposure and Cervical Cancer Screening in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multi-Country Cross-Sectional Analysis","authors":"Alex Bawuah,&nbsp;Vicky Q. Wang,&nbsp;Khadijat Adeleye,&nbsp;Edward Kwabena Ameyaw,&nbsp;Sanni Yaya","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70663","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background and Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cervical cancer is a pressing global public health challenge, with sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experiencing disproportionately high incidence and mortality rates compared to other regions. Early detection through screening and timely treatment is essential for mitigating the burden of this disease. Evidence suggests that mass media exposure can play a pivotal role in increasing cervical cancer screening uptake. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of cervical cancer screening in SSA and to identify factors associated with screening uptake, with a specific focus on the influence of mass media among rural women.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The analysis utilized data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 11 SSA countries, encompassing responses from 72,565 rural women of reproductive age (15–49 years). The primary outcome variable was cervical cancer screening status. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and cross-tabulations, were employed to characterize the sample. Given the skewed distribution of the outcome variable, complementary log-log regression models were applied to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) in both bivariate and multivariable analyses. Robustness of the statistical models and their fitness were rigorously assessed to ensure the validity of the findings.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The overall prevalence of cervical cancer screening among women in the 11 countries was 8.47%. Women with exposure to mass media were significantly more likely to undergo screening. Specifically, women who watched television less than once a week (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.07–1.38) or at least once a week (AOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.26–1.53) had higher odds of being screened compared to those with no exposure to television. Similar positive associations were observed for radio and newspaper/magazine exposure. Women who listened to the radio at least once a week (AOR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.45–1.74) and those who read newspapers/magazines at least once a week (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.48–1.90) demonstrated increased odds of undergoing screening. Additional predictors of screening included older age, higher education levels, greater wealth, higher parity, and fewer barriers to accessing healthcare, such as not needing permission or assistance to seek care.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study highlights the critical role of mass media—television, radio, and newspapers/magazines—in promoting cervical cancer screening among rural women","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70663","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Liver Enzymes With Acute Cholecystitis Diagnosed Using the Tokyo Criteria in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Case-Control Study","authors":"Mohammed Y. Alessa,&nbsp;Jawad S. Alnajjar,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Almarzooq,&nbsp;Mohammed A. AlSharit,&nbsp;Sarah Talal AlFares,&nbsp;Ahmed E. Alamin,&nbsp;Zuhair Yousef Aljomeah,&nbsp;Loai S. Albinsaad","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70707","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute cholecystitis, an inflammation of the gallbladder, is often triggered by gallstones but can also result from ischemia, motility issues, chemical harm, and microbial infections. This condition can present with fever, nausea, right upper quadrant pain, and tenderness, influenced by various risk factors including age, gender, genetics, obesity, diet, and lifestyle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective case-control study investigates the relationship between liver enzymes and acute cholecystitis in patients diagnosed based on Tokyo criteria in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia, from April 2016 to December 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 504 participants, with 249 cases of acute cholecystitis and 255 controls without cholecystitis, collected from King Fahad Hospital's medical records. Inclusion criteria were patients above 18 years old diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and availability of liver enzyme data. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21, employing descriptive analysis, Pearson Chi-Square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, box-plot visualization, Spearman correlation analysis, and ROC curve analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age was similar between cases (39.9 ± 15.3 years) and controls (40.1 ± 13.9 years). Significant differences were found in gender distribution and BMI. ALT and ALP levels were significantly higher in cases compared to controls (<i>p</i> = 0.002 and <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). The WBC count was also significantly higher in cases (<i>p</i> = 0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that ALT and ALP had good discriminant ability to predict acute cholecystitis. Multiple hierarchical logistic regression showed that higher levels of ALT and ALP were significant predictors for acute cholecystitis, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.21 and 1.24, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated ALT and ALP levels are significant predictors of acute cholecystitis, demonstrating the importance of liver enzymes in the diagnosis and management of this condition. The findings suggest that integrating liver enzyme measurements with Tokyo criteria can enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve healthcare outcomes for patients with acute cholecystitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70707","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colon Cancer General Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness Channels: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Mu'taz Massad,&nbsp;Mohanad Odeh,&nbsp;Nour Odeh,&nbsp;Leen Abu Sarhan,&nbsp;Rama Alharahsheh,&nbsp;Islam Abu Suilik,&nbsp;Manar ALFaleh,&nbsp;Eman Aladli,&nbsp;Aya Ibrahim,&nbsp;Hashem Abu Serhan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70340","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colon cancer is one of the most widespread cancers in Jordan. Screening of colon cancer aids in reducing its incidence and mortality rates. Awareness of colon cancer and its screening tools has a fundamental role in increasing screening participation. The information about Jordanians' awareness of colon cancer screening is inadequate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to assess the Jordanian population's level of awareness about colon cancer, including basic knowledge, screening tools, attitudes toward early screening, and preferred methods for spreading awareness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is an analytical cross-sectional study. The study was conducted using both online and paper-based validated, and reliable questionnaires which were distributed throughout the entire community. Knowledge scores (KS range −10 to +10) and attitude scores (AS range −8 to +8) were calculated. Univariate analysis and logistic regression model were carried out. The nominal-by-nominal strength was also calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Information was collected from 1050 participants aged 18 to 70 years. with 63.6% being female responders. Participants with negative knowledge scores ‘'KS ≤ zero” were greater than good knowledge scores ‘'KS &gt; 4 out of 10” (25.8% vs 11.4%). age, gender, insurance, working in the medical field, education, monthly income, smoking, and family history of cancer showed statistically significant associations with KS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.005, Cramer's <i>V</i> &gt; 0.1). The strongest predictor for KS was the level of education (the postgraduate group showed OR = 4.64, <i>p</i> = 0.001, 95% CI = 1.96–11.0). Most participants (87.6%) had a positive attitude toward screening (AS ≥ 1). There were no associations between knowledge and attitude scores (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Unlike newspapers, social media was perceived as the most effective (70%) way to education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One-quarter of the population is in crucial need for proper education, especially among young groups. This study forms a good basis and provides a solid foundation for health authorities to implement the necessary measures to address this issue.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Determinants Influencing Internet-Based Service Adoption Among Female Family Caregivers in Bangladesh: A Sociodemographic and Technological Analysis","authors":"Mohammad Ishtiaque Rahman,&nbsp;Jahangir Alam,&nbsp;Khadija Khanom,&nbsp;Forhan Bin Emdad","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70665","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Family caregiving, particularly among females in Bangladesh, is a crucial yet understudied area, especially in terms of internet-based service adoption. Female caregivers face distinct sociocultural and economic challenges that influence their ability to utilize digital services. This study investigates the key factors affecting the adoption of internet-based services among female family caregivers in Bangladesh, addressing a gap in the literature by examining the intersection of gender, caregiving, and technology use.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study aims to empirically analyze the social, environmental, and economic factors influencing internet-based service adoption among female family caregivers in Bangladesh.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A systematic narrative review was conducted to identify relevant individual factors influencing internet-based service adoption among female caregivers in Bangladesh. This review informed the selection of predictor variables for the quantitative survey. The survey was administered to 392 female caregivers using purposive sampling. Data analysis employed advanced machine learning models, including Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Regression. The models were evaluated using performance metrics such as precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy. Additionally, the feature importance of the best-performing model was assessed using permutation importance and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The findings indicate that social influences, perceived usefulness, and family support significantly impact the adoption of internet-based services. Higher internet literacy, accessibility, and favorable government policies were associated with increased adoption. Economic factors such as household income and affordability of services also played a crucial role. SHAP analysis revealed that social networks, service reliability, and cost-effectiveness were the most influential factors driving adoption. Younger caregivers and those in urban areas demonstrated higher adoption rates due to better digital literacy and infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study highlights the complex interplay of socioeconomic and environmental factors in shaping internet service usage among female caregivers in Bangladesh. The findings empha","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight Among Under-Five Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys of 58,857 Children","authors":"Sulaimon T. Adedokun,&nbsp;Sanni Yaya","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70719","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low birth weight has become one of the major health challenges in the world with 19.8 million newborns suffering from it in 2020. Such children stand the risk of dying in their first month of life or are at a high risk of stunted growth, low intelligent quotient and other health challenges as they grow into adulthood. Despite efforts made so far in reducing the proportions of children with low birth weight, the problem persists in sub-Saharan Africa. This study examined the factors associated with low birth weight among under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study used data sets from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 15 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. About 58,857 children were involved in the study. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with low birth weight at multivariable level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prevalence of low birth weight was 10% in sub-Saharan Africa with Mauritania (22.9%), Mali (16.5%) and Madagascar (12.2%) having the highest rates. It is most prevalent among children whose mothers have no education (11%), not working (11.5%) and had less than 4 ANC visits (11.4%). The odds of low birth weight increased significantly for children whose mothers belonged to middle and poor households, have no education, were not employed and had less than 4 ANC visits. Female children, children of first order birth and those that belonged to households with unsafe method of stool disposal were more likely to suffer from low birth weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study has revealed that 1 in every 10 children in sub-Saharan Africa suffered from low birth weight. There is a need for an urgent intervention that would reduce the proportion of children with low birth weight in the region. Such interventions should incorporate efforts to promote female adult and girl-child education and individual and household socioeconomic status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) as a Long-Term Prognostic Factor Following CABG: Unveiling Insights From a Large-Scale Tertiary Center Registry Analysis","authors":"Abolfazl Salari,&nbsp;Parvin Kalhor,&nbsp;Ahmad Vakili-Basir,&nbsp;Houshang Bavandpour Karvane,&nbsp;Mina Pashang,&nbsp;Mojgan Ghavami,&nbsp;Arash Jalali,&nbsp;Farshid Alaeddini,&nbsp;Farzad Masoudkabir","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70616","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The role of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in predicting major adverse cerebro-cardiovascular events (MACCE) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery has not been fully explored. The present study aims to investigate the prognostic value of AIP in predicting MACCE and its individual components following CABG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a large-scale retrospective study conducted on patients who underwent isolated CABG. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and MACCE, which included acute coronary syndrome (ACS), Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/transient ischemia attack (TIA), revascularization, and all-cause mortality. Proportional Hazard (PH) Cox regression, considering stabilized Inverse probability weightings (IPW), was conducted after verifying the PH assumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally, 23,432 patients analyzed with median 111.4-month follow-up duration. After weighting all variables, a higher AIP was associated with a significantly increased risk of MACCE (HR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01–1.09; <i>p</i> = 0.006). Furthermore, AIP was a significant predictor of the risk of revascularization (HR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01–1.30; <i>p</i> = 0.034) and ACS (HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01–1.17; <i>p</i> = 0.020). However, AIP couldn't be a prognostic factor for all-cause mortality and CVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AIP predicts MACCE, revascularization, and ACS after CABG, serving as a readily accessible prognostic factor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Bangladeshi University Students to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Its Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Tashfia Hossain,&nbsp;Ipshita Fariha Mahmood,&nbsp;Md. Sabbir Hossain,&nbsp;Nazifa Tabassum,&nbsp;Sowkat Jahan Shipa,&nbsp;Md Raihan Sarkar","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70646","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent clinical condition all over the world. The study was conducted to determine the GERD prevalence among Bangladeshi university students using the frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG) score and to find out what factors are linked to the disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was based on descriptive cross-sectional analysis. After a comprehensive literature review, a questionnaire was developed with some pre-structured options kept in the sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle sections along with the FSSG parameters. The tool was disseminated among students of different universities in Bangladesh. After receiving the responses, all the data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 26.0).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After scrutiny, 402 responses of the study participants were subjected to statistical analysis, and among participants, 57.2% (<i>N</i> = 230) were female and 42.8% (<i>N</i> = 172) were male. The GERD prevalence was 45.5% (<i>N</i> = 183), which indicated the FSSG score was more than 8 among 45.5% of the individuals. Logistic regression analysis revealed that eating beyond fullness (OR = 2.859, CI = 1.811–4.515), consumption of painkillers (OR = 2.237, CI = 1.370–3.653), anxiety (OR = 2.349, CI = 1.529–3.611), being stressed (OR = 2.255, CI = 1.456–3.494), quick eating habit (OR = 1.845, CI = 1.240–2.745), poor sleep quality (OR = 1.760, CI = 1.183–2.620), fast food consumption (OR = 1.613, CI = 1.082–2.404), eating sour and spicy food regularly (OR = 1.610, CI = 1.073–2.415), female gender (OR = 1.595, CI = 1.068–2.381), less interval between dinner and sleep (OR = 1.561, CI = 1.020–2.389), being alone most of the time (OR = 1.514, CI = 1.016–2.257), were significantly associated with the occurrence of GERD symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GERD symptoms were seen among a large number of university students. Various sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle-related factors had an impact on the disease; these contributing factors should be positively modified to alleviate the burden of GERD symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70646","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}