Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Economic Evaluation of Acute Appendicitis Therapeutic Interventions: A Systematic Review","authors":"Hasan Abolghasem Gorji,&nbsp;Sajad Moeini,&nbsp;Mohmmad Veysi Sheikhrobat,&nbsp;Aziz Rezapour,&nbsp;Aghdas Souresrafil,&nbsp;Mohammad Barzegar","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70815","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute appendicitis (AA) is a prevalent cause of lower abdominal pain, often leading patients to seek emergency department care, particularly among young individuals. The present study aimed to systematically review cost-effectiveness studies focusing on therapeutic interventions for AA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically reviewed economic evaluations of AA treatments published between 2000 and 2020. We searched multiple databases, including Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The studies included in this review were assessed using the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES) checklist, and cost data were standardized to 2022 US dollars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of the 53 screened studies, 11 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The studies’ average QHES score was of high quality (0.87). Most studies were from the payer's perspective and the health system (four studies each). Five studies were based on the decision tree model, and three were based on the Markov model. Four studies were conducted on children. Of the 11 studies reviewed, five support the cost-effectiveness of laparoscopy, five support the cost-effectiveness of antibiotic therapy, and one supports the cost-effectiveness of open appendectomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the findings of this study, laparoscopic therapeutic intervention, compared to open appendectomy, can be more cost-effective for the treatment of patients with AA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors of Autism Spectrum Disorder Through a Case-Control Study in Armenia","authors":"Meri Mkhitaryan,&nbsp;Tamara Avetisyan,&nbsp;Hermine Yeritsyan,&nbsp;Hayk Harutyunyan,&nbsp;Konstantin Yenkoyan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70801","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study investigates genetic mutations and prenatal factors associated with ASD, including their interplay, in a multicenter case-control study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 297 participants (149 ASD cases, 148 controls). Genetic data were analyzed using Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) for ASD-associated chromosomal regions. Environmental data covered prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal factors. Logistic regression and stratified analyses were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant associations were found between ASD and mutations in 15q11−15q13, 16p11, and 11q13 regions, particularly in <i>SHANK2</i> and <i>SHANK3</i>. Females with ASD showed higher mutation rates than males. Prenatal factors (e.g., MgB6 use, labor-inducing drugs, maternal stress, pregnancy complications, shorter interpregnancy intervals) exacerbated ASD risk when combined with specific genetic variations. Duphaston use during pregnancy, alongside certain mutations, may influence ASD risk, potentially offering protective effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the importance of integrating genetic and environmental factors in ASD research. Findings underscore the need for tailored early interventions, prenatal care advice, and genetic counseling for at-risk families. Future studies should validate these findings in larger, diverse populations and explore underlying mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strabismic Adults' Expectations of Psychosocial Support From Healthcare Professionals–A Qualitative Descriptive Study","authors":"Anna Mason,&nbsp;Katja Joronen,&nbsp;Laura Lindberg,&nbsp;Marika Kajander,&nbsp;Nina Fagerholm,&nbsp;Anja Rantanen","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70698","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strabismus, an eye misalignment, impacts the functional and psychosocial health-related quality of life in adult patients. Corrective surgery generally improves adults' health-related quality of life. Previous research reports that strabismic adults with a psychosocial influence of the condition may benefit from preoperative psychosocial support, although what such support should consist of is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to describe strabismic adults' expectations of psychosocial support from healthcare professionals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study has a qualitative descriptive design. It included 12 semi-structured interviews with purposefully recruited patients who had experienced the psychosocial influences of strabismus. The data were analyzed by inductive content analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strabismic adult patients described their expectations for psychosocial support, consisting of education about strabismus, genuine encounters with strabismus experts, accessible support, and available peer support. The participants explained that strabismus specialists should provide tailored education for patients, the public, and other healthcare professionals. They shared that strabismus professionals should ask about patients' psychosocial well-being—that by intently listening, openly discussing, and validating patients' experiences, they could support their well-being. Psychological care provided by nurses and psychologists should be easily accessible, supportive, and timely for children and adolescents. Participants also expected professionals to guide them to available peer support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strabismic adult patients dealing with the condition's psychosocial burden expect psychosocial support from strabismus experts. This study's results can be used to improve psychosocial care in clinical strabismus services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70698","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Ocular Allergy Among High School Children in Trinidad and Tobago: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ngozika E. Ezinne,&nbsp;Narissa Gartiesingh,&nbsp;Ryan Poonan,&nbsp;Khathutshelo P. Mashige","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70709","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ocular allergy (OA) constitutes a significant global public health concern, affecting an estimated 15% to 20% of the world's population, with approximately 40% of cases occurring in children. In Trinidad and Tobago (T&amp;T), the risk of OA is notably heightened due to its geographical location and the recurrent exposure to Sahara dust. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of ocular allergy among secondary school students in T&amp;T.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a school-based setting from October 2022 to May 2023. Schools were selected for inclusion using a randomization process facilitated by an online spinner wheel tool. Data were collected using a modified version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. The questionnaire captured information on demographic characteristics, the presence of ocular allergy symptoms, associated risk factors, and the impact of ocular allergy. The data collected was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The relationship between variables was assessed using Pearson Chi-square test, with a <i>p</i>-value of &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 420 students, aged 11–18 years, participated in the study, comprising 198 males (47.1%) and 222 females (52.9%). The overall prevalence of OA was 49.3% (<i>n </i>= 207), and seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) being the most common subtype, accounting for 90.3% of OA cases. The prevalence of OA was highest among 14-year-old age group (23.4%) and more frequent among females (58.8%). Factors significantly associated with OA included difficulty breathing or wheezing, asthma, food, rhinitis, atopic eczema, and exposure to mites (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of ocular allergy (OA) among secondary school students in T&amp;T was relatively higher compared to findings from various studies conducted globally. This underscores the need for implementing effective strategies for early diagnosis and management to mitigate its impact.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70709","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial Evaluating a Lyopreserved Amniotic Membrane in the Treatment of Venous Leg Ulcers","authors":"Yadwinder Dhillon,&nbsp;Lena Levine,&nbsp;Gregory Tovmassian,&nbsp;Alexander Reyzelman,&nbsp;Francisco Perez-Clavijo,&nbsp;Francis Wodie,&nbsp;Shawn Cazzell,&nbsp;Allan Grossman,&nbsp;Lesly Robinson,&nbsp;Felix Sigal,&nbsp;Robert S Kirsner,&nbsp;Mher Vartivarian,&nbsp;Molly Saunders,&nbsp;Jaideep Banerjee","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70819","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Standard of Care (SoC) with multilayer compression therapy along with proper wound management, may not be sufficient to close all venous ulcers and needs advanced therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label trial, 351 patients were screened, 200 were eligible and enrolled and were randomized 1:1 to LPM (lyopreserved cellular placental membrane) plus SoC or SoC alone for up to 12 weeks. Patients were enrolled between June 2018 and November 2020 at 30 sites across the United States. Outcome measures included complete closure of the index ulcer (primary), reduction in wound size, rate of closure, quality of life, and adverse events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ITT analysis revealed that wounds treated with weekly applications of LPM as an adjunct to standard of care, reduced in size significantly more than SoC alone, at the end of 4, 8, and 12 graft applications, indicating a faster progression to closure. There was a statistically 1.72 higher relative risk or 72% higher probability of wound closure with LPM compared to the SoC group during the study period for wounds with an initial size of 3–25 cm². Use of LPM as an adjunct was able to close statistically larger-sized wounds on average. There was also a statistically significant fivefold improvement in quality of life (overall physical symptoms and daily life) over baseline, in the LPM treated patients as compared to the control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LPM and standard of care, significantly closed more venous leg ulcers and faster than standard of care alone and improved the quality of life for patients, suggesting that the use of aseptically processed LPM is a safe and effective treatment option in the healing of chronic venous leg ulcers.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03629236, Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of GrafixPL for the Treatment of Venous Leg Ulcers. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03629236).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70819","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Treatment Response and Survival Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Patients Following Surgery With and Without Other Treatment Modalities: A Systematic Review","authors":"Hossein Negahban,&nbsp;Nazila Heidari,&nbsp;Amirhossein Heidari,&nbsp;Yekta Ghane,&nbsp;Mohammad Shirkhoda,&nbsp;Amirmohsen Jalaeefar","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70710","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare type of malignancy ranking among the most aggressive diseases globally, with an extremely poor prognosis. No optimal standardized treatment has been established yet to promote ATC's prognosis and increase the patients' median survival. We aim to assess the effectiveness of surgery alone or combined with other treatment approaches for ATC patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched until June 1st, 2023. Study selection was limited to English retrospective studies. A citation search was also performed for the final articles that were included. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During our search, we came to include 56 articles containing 16,246 patients suffering from ATC. We assessed the overall survival by treatment method and stage, emphasizing surgery's role. The most common efficacious treatment option in patients with resectable cancer is a combination of surgery with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. However, surgery for stage IVC patients is controversial. Additionally, surgery and multimodality treatment can be affected by patients' characteristics, such as tumor size.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stage IVA and IVB resectable cancers may benefit from the combination of surgery and adjuvant therapies. However, the effectiveness of invasive treatments and the selection of appropriate adjuvant therapy options for IVC-stage patients are still controversial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiology of Adult Female Acne–Systematic Review","authors":"Anni Telkkälä,&nbsp;Suvi-Päivikki Sinikumpu,&nbsp;Laura Huilaja","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70697","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory disease of the skin. Acne occurring in &gt; 25 years old is called “adult acne,” and it occurs more commonly in women than in men.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to examine the recent findings of the connection between genetic factors, hormones and diet with adult female acne.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was conducted as a systematic literature review. For the review, data searches were made on the PubMed and Scopus databases. Finally, 20 articles met the inclusion criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to this systematic literature review, several different hormones may be linked to the development of adult acne. Androgens play a particularly important role, as they can stimulate growth of the sebaceous glands and increase the secretion of sebum, thus promoting the formation of skin changes associated with acne. A high glycemic diet increases the secretion of insulin, which in turn causes an increase in the amount of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1. IGF-1 increases the growth of the sebaceous gland, sebum production, keratinocyte proliferation and it activates androgen synthesis, thus contributing to acne pathogenesis. Adults with acne have a positive familial history more often than healthy controls, which indicates the genetic nature of adult acne.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This literature review highlighted that especially hyperandrogenism, a positive familial history and a high-glycemic diet may be linked to the development of adult acne. Understanding the pathogenesis of adult acne is crucial for effective treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small for Gestational Age Coded Diagnoses in Aotearoa New Zealand's Administrative Health Datasets: A Validation Study","authors":"Mei-Ling Blank,&nbsp;Sarah Donald,&nbsp;Lianne Parkin","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70610","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inaccurate coding of small for gestational age (SGA) infants in routinely collected health data has implications for research based on those data. We aimed to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of coded SGA diagnoses in New Zealand's routinely collected hospitalisation and mortality data, and determine whether sensitivity and specificity varied by infant, pregnancy, and maternal characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We estimated birthweight centiles of live and stillborn infants delivered in New Zealand between 2005 and 2020 using the Fenton Population Reference Calculator and the GROW Customised Bulk Centile Calculator (New Zealand version); values of the relevant variables (including gestational age, birthweight, infant sex, and others) were sourced from routinely collected national health data. We compared the SGA status derived from the calculators with coded SGA diagnoses (ICD-10-AM P051) in hospitalisation and mortality data. We estimated sensitivity and specificity ratios comparing coded diagnoses with each of the birthweight calculators using a generalised linear model, adjusting for infant, pregnancy, and maternal characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analysis included 887,871 infants, with 15,850 (1.8%) having a coded SGA diagnosis. By contrast, the number and proportion of babies classified as SGA using the Fenton and GROW calculators were 80,541 (9.1%) and 138,866 (15.6%), respectively. Overall, compared with the Fenton calculator, the sensitivity of coded SGA diagnoses was 13.1% (specificity 99.3%). Compared with the GROW calculator, the sensitivity was 9.8% (specificity 99.7%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In New Zealand, population-level research involving SGA diagnoses should derive birthweight centiles using an appropriate calculator instead of using ICD-10-AM coded diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception and Knowledge of Hospital Workers Toward Using Artificial Intelligence: A Descriptive Study","authors":"Ahmad R. Al-Qudimat,&nbsp;Mohammad R. Alqudimat,&nbsp;Kalpana Singh,&nbsp;Zainab E. Fares,&nbsp;Mohammed Ismail,&nbsp;Hesham E. Yasin,&nbsp;Raed M. Al-Zoubi,&nbsp;Omar M. Aboumarzouk","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70623","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to assess the perception and knowledge of hospital workers toward using artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare in Qatar, exploring the potential implications of AI integration in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1, 2023, to January 31, 2024, involving healthcare workers (HCWs) from various departments across four leading hospitals affiliated with Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) in Qatar. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit participants, and data were collected via an anonymous online questionnaire distributed through email and WhatsApp, with hard copies provided as needed. The questionnaire covered demographic information, perception, and knowledge of AI. The data were analyzed using STATA 17.0, with significance set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 902 HCWs, with a gender distribution of 47.6% female and 52.4% male. Most participants were from Asia (50.8%), with 42.7% aged between 35 and 44 years. Most participants were nurses (54.9%), followed by allied health professionals (20.7%), pharmacists (12.2%), and physicians (11.0%). A significant portion of participants (59.8%) reported no prior experience with AI. However, 56.1% felt somewhat comfortable using AI in medical practice, and 72% believed that AI would improve the future of healthcare. Despite this optimism, 81.7% had not yet utilized AI in their practice, though 85.4% expressed a desire to learn more about AI models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study reveals a positive perception and moderate knowledge of AI among HCWs in Qatar. However, the actual use of AI in clinical practice remains limited. There is a clear need for targeted educational programs to enhance AI proficiency and confidence among healthcare professionals, potentially improving patient outcomes and clinical efficiency. Further research should explore the barriers to AI adoption and develop strategies to facilitate its integration into healthcare systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Regular Habitual Exercise on Platelet Energetics in Male Recreational Contact Sports Student-Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Tomoharu Mochizuki,&nbsp;Takashi Ushiki,&nbsp;Hiroshi Koga,&nbsp;Katsuya Suzuki,&nbsp;Misato Sato,&nbsp;Mami Osawa,&nbsp;Masami Kamimura,&nbsp;Hajime Ishiguro,&nbsp;Tatsuya Suwabe,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Kawase","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70784","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, an increasing number of athletes (from recreational to professional) have chosen autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy to treat their sports-related injuries. However, its clinical outcomes vary among individuals and are thought to be influenced mainly by the athletes' PRP quality and physical condition. Thus, for successful PRP therapy, it is crucial to evaluate platelet activities in addition to soluble bioactive factors. In previous studies, we examined male professional athletes and female elite student-athletes. To expand the findings, in this study, we focused on male recreational student-athletes and characterized their platelet energetics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PRP was prepared from healthy male soccer club members (college student-athletes, CA) and sedentary adults of similar ages (non-athletes, NA) at rest. Plasma lactate, platelet adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and oxygen (O₂) consumption levels were quantified using biochemical and bioelectrical methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The body composition indices of the CA generally showed characteristics that fell between those of professional athletes and the NA. Changes in platelet lactate, ATP, or O₂ consumption levels, during the 24 h incubation period did not differ significantly between the two groups. Nevertheless, the changes in ATP levels were strongly and positively correlated with those in O₂ consumption only in the CA group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Energy generation in CAs' platelets is suggested to be more closely related to O₂ consumption than that of the NA. Habitual exercise may impact platelet energetics as well as muscle cell energetics; however, further validation should be conducted with large samples to provide more insights into this hypothesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}