Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Suicidal Ideation Among Persons With Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study at Outpatient Clinics in Iraq","authors":"Maha Sulaiman Younis,&nbsp;Marwa Mohamed Kamal,&nbsp;S. M. Yasir Arafat","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70517","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mental illness is an important risk factor for suicidal ideation. However, little has been known about the burden and associated factors of suicidal ideation among persons with psychiatric disorders in Iraq. We aim to investigate the rate and the associated demographic and clinical factors of suicidal ideation among persons with mental illness in Iraq.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected from 388 persons with mental disorders from psychiatric outpatient clinics in Baghdad in 2023 for this cross-sectional study. The instrument contained socio-demographic and clinical variables, and the <i>Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale</i> (C-SSRS). A descriptive analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test to determine the relationships in which a significance level of 0.05 was considered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 388 respondents, 67% were males, and about half of the patients were younger than 40 years old. Affective (49.8%) and psychotic disorders (17.5%) were the most common mental disorders. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 37.1% in the last year. The majority of suicidal ideation fell into a low severity range on the C-SSRS, particularly for patients who had no prior history of suicidal behavior. Suicidal ideation was significantly associated with female gender, crowded accommodations experiencing recent psychological trauma, presence of a family history of mental disorder, and family history of suicidal behavior.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suicidal ideation was present in more than one-third of persons with psychiatric disorders. Policy-level implications could be warranted during regular appointments of psychiatric patients to identify risky individuals in outpatient settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Nurse Social Support in Hospital Readmission in Patients With Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Mahdi Shamali,&nbsp;Birte Østergaard,&nbsp;Erla Kolbrún Svavarsdóttir,&nbsp;Mohsen Shahriari,&nbsp;Hanne Konradsen","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70444","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hospitalizations and hospital readmissions account for 75%–80% of the economic burden related to heart failure (HF). This study aims to determine the relationship between perceived social support from nurses and hospital readmission rates in HF patients and to identify potential factors associated with hospital readmission, including sociodemographic and clinical variables, perceived social support, and country.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited 380 HF patients from two countries (Iceland 92 and Iran 288) from October 2018 to May 2020. We used the social support scale of the Family Functioning, Health, and Social Support (FAFHES) questionnaire for data collection. The hospital readmission rates were collected from patients' hospital records. We performed a general linear model (GLM) to explore the significant factors associated with readmission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 125 (33%) patients were readmitted within 6 months. Among them, 17% were readmitted once, 15% were readmitted twice, and 1% were readmitted three times. The strongest factor associated with the hospital readmission rate was perceived social support. Other significant factors included unemployment, age, and country of residence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study underlines the important role of perceived social support in hospital readmission among HF patients. Our findings may be useful for better tailoring social support for HF patients to reduce hospital readmission. Moreover, it is recommended to investigate the effects of system-related factors, such as the strategy of healthcare systems in managing HF, on hospital readmissions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance in the Philippines: A Public Health Crisis and Call for Urgent Action","authors":"Jeff Clyde G. Corpuz","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70548","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The perspective titled “Perspective on Antibiotic Resistance in Bangladesh: A Critical Yet Overlooked Public Health Crisis” by Md. Mahadi Hassan and Noushin Nohor provides an important insight on antibiotic resistance (AR) in Bangladesh that requires urgent attention [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. This correspondence aims to elucidate the factors contributing to AR in the Philippines and propose public health interventions, informed by global and regional insights, to mitigate its impact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;AR refers to the ability of bacteria to survive and proliferate despite the administration of antibiotics designed to kill or inhibit them [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Resistance mechanisms include genetic mutations, horizontal gene transfer, and alterations in bacterial cell processes that neutralize the drug's efficacy [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Globally, AR is linked to ~1.27 million deaths in 2019 and contributed to 4.95 million deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) research agenda for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in human health has identified 40 research priorities to be addressed by the year 2030 [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Philippines, as a developing country in Southeast Asia, experiences an exacerbated AR crisis due to widespread misuse of antibiotics, insufficient regulatory enforcement, and limited public awareness [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. AR jeopardizes treatment outcomes, increases healthcare costs, and undermines national health security. First, the irrational use of antibiotics is a significant driver of AR in the Philippines. With a prevalence of 31%–66%, self-medication is prevalent in the Philippines [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Widespread prescription of antibiotics without definitive diagnostic testing is common, with antibiotics often being used to treat viral infections, such as the common cold, despite their ineffectiveness. In addition, incomplete antibiotic courses are frequently observed, often due to financial constraints or the misconception that improvement equates to cure [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Second, self-medication and over-the-counter access to antibiotics worsen the problem. Antibiotics are widely available in pharmacies without prescriptions, promoting cost-driven self-medication and misuse due to lack of awareness, which fuels the rise of resistant bacterial strains [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Third, agricultural practices contribute significantly to AR. Antibiotics are commonly used as growth promoters in livestock farming, and residues in meat products can transfer resistance to humans through the food chain [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned against using Ivermectin veterinary products for COVID-19, emphasizing that Ivermectin is not FDA-approved for treating viral infections.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Given the current difficulties faced by Filipino people, Hassan and Nohor's study is relevant in the Philippine setting. The AR scenario in Bangladesh shares similarities with the Philippines, including the prevalence of self-m","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70548","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Relationship Between Water Hardness and Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases in Mashhad, Iran During 2018–2020: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Minoo Moghimani,&nbsp;Shiva Rahati,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Sobhani,&nbsp;Mohammad Hashemi,&nbsp;Asma Afshari","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70376","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is believed that the presence of calcium, which is the cause of water hardness, has an inverse relationship with the occurrence of CVDs. However, the results of studies in this field are unclear due to high heterogeneity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate this hypothesis among members of the Mashhad Persian cohort in Mashhad, Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 618 individuals, aged 25 to 65, who were healthy or had cardiovascular diseases, were chosen. The participants' biological samples were obtained in the first stage, and measurements of their height, weight, waist, hips, and wrist circumference were made in the second stage. The final step involved having the individuals fill out questions about their health and diet. Additionally, logistic regression models, the <i>t</i>-test, and the <i>χ</i>² test were employed for data statistical analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The amount of calcium carbonate in the water consumed by the non-cardiac and cardiac subjects was 159.40 ± 38.63 and 158.05 ± 38.63, respectively, which was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.683). Taking into consideration that water containing calcium carbonate in concentrations 120–180 mg/L is generally considered hard; the two groups drank hard water. Furthermore, the results of the logistic regression model test demonstrated that there is still no significant correlation between the prevalence of CVD and the levels of calcium carbonate (<i>p</i> = 0.651) and total hardness (<i>p</i> = 0.660) in drinking water, even after accounting for other CVD risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consistent with prior studies, our article's findings demonstrated that there is no discernible correlation between the use of hard water consumption and the development of CVDs. However, several publications have also noted a significant correlation, mainly attributing it to the existence of magnesium ions. Therefore, further research can help give a definitive answer to this hypothesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Hospital Death and Risk Factors in Adults With Influenza in Spain (2016–2022): A Cross-Sectional Study With Focus on Older Patients","authors":"Jose-Manuel Ramos-Rincon,&nbsp;Hector Pinargote-Celorio,&nbsp;Rosario Sanchez-Martinez,&nbsp;Juan-Carlos Rodríguez-Diaz,&nbsp;Silvia Otero,&nbsp;Fatima Valero-Sempere,&nbsp;Diego Torrús,&nbsp;Beatriz Valero-Novella,&nbsp;Geronima Riera,&nbsp;Vicente Boix,&nbsp;Esperanza Merino","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70458","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza mortality rates varying across different populations. This study aims to assess influenza lethality in hospitalized adults (≥ 15 years) and identify key risk factors according to age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We designed a retrospective study at Dr. Balmis General University Hospital (Alicante, Spain), including patients hospitalized for influenza from 2016 to 2022. In-hospital death was expressed as the case fatality rate (CFR). Variables yielding a <i>p</i> value under 0.1 on univariable analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model to identify risk factors for lethality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 1613 patients admitted for influenza (incidence 86 per 10,000 admissions), 96 died (CFR 5.95%). Lethality increased with age, reaching 8.4% in patients aged 80–89 years and 19.5% in those over 90. In all of the cohort, risk factors were age, dementia, respiratory failure, influenza pneumonia, and sepsis, while treatment with oseltamivir acted as a protective factor. In patients &lt; 80 years of age, risk factors were neoplasia, respiratory failure, and influenza pneumonia, whereas oseltamivir treatment was a protective factor. In patients 80 years (<i>n</i> = 554; 34.3%), the risk of mortality increased with age, dementia, respiratory failure, noninfluenza pneumonia, and sepsis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza deaths increase with age; this relationship is accentuated in people aged 80 or older. Respiratory failure was the main risk factor in all patients hospitalized for influenza. Treatment with oseltamivir protected patients (especially those &lt; 80 years) against deaths. Patients &lt; 80 years-old carried a higher risk of death if they had a neoplasia, whereas in ≥ 80 patients, the risk was associated with dementia and noninfluenza pneumonia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Barriers and Facilitators to Disability and Rehabilitation Policy Implementation in Gauteng, South Africa: A Qualitative CFIR-Informed Study","authors":"Naeema Ahmad Ramadan Hussein El Kout,&nbsp;Sonti Pilusa,&nbsp;Natalie Benjamin-Damons,&nbsp;Juliana Kagura","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70515","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effective implementation of disability and rehabilitation frameworks is essential for the full participation and social integration of individuals with disabilities. In Gauteng, South Africa, significant challenges persist in the execution of the Framework and Strategy for Disability and Rehabilitation (FSDR). This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the FSDR in Gauteng.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We employed qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with stakeholders involved in the implementation process, from management to end users. Data were triangulated with a review of paper-based implementation reports from rehabilitation managers. The interview, focus group, and document review data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis with MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Barriers to implementation included resource constraints, organizational inefficiencies, and socio-cultural attitudes toward disability. Facilitators identified included inter-sectoral collaboration, community engagement, and alignment of policies with international guidelines. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), barriers and facilitators were mapped to domains such as intervention characteristics, outer and inner setting factors, characteristics of individuals, and the implementation process. Key challenges included insufficient awareness and training among healthcare professionals, limited resources, safety concerns, and inconsistent policy implementation. Facilitators such as inter-sectoral collaboration, policy development, provincial training, and advocacy by persons with disabilities were crucial for overcoming these challenges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides valuable insights into the contextual factors influencing disability and rehabilitation policy implementation in Gauteng. By addressing identified barriers and leveraging facilitators, evidence-based strategies can strengthen rehabilitation services, promote social inclusion, and enhance the rights of individuals with disabilities in South Africa and globally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults Aged 50 and Above and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study From Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA)","authors":"Elham Hooshmand,&nbsp;Isa Akbarzade,&nbsp;Delaram Delbari,&nbsp;Mahtab Niroomand,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ghavidel,&nbsp;Mohammad Saatchi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70508","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most important late-life diseases. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of MetS in the elderly population (over 50 years old) of Ardakan, Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was from the first phase of the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA). The MetS was defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) definition. All anthropometric data from ACSA were measured and recorded by trained staff. Standard laboratory methods were used to conduct all blood tests. Physical activity was scored based on the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), and the quality of sleep was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associated factors with MetS (α &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 5944 older adult participants were entered into this study analysis. The mean age was 62.5 ± 8.0, and 50.5% were female. The prevalence of MetS was 66.81% (95% CI: 65.59–68.00) in this study. Based on the multivariable regression and adjusted odds ratio, six variables of age (OR: 1.05), BMI (OR: 1.19), family history of diabetes (OR: 1.48), hypertension (OR: 1.31), physical activity score (OR: 0.99), and having a fatty liver (OR: 1.71) were associated with having MetS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this study showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in the older population of Iran. Also, the most prevalent MetS component was triglycerides, and HDL was the least prevalent. Hence, based on these findings, tailored interventions seem necessary to control this syndrome in older Iranian populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpersonal Factors Influencing Hypertension Control: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Hypertensive Patients in the Ashanti Region, Ghana","authors":"Francis Sambah,&nbsp;Kristin McBain-Rigg,&nbsp;Abdul-Aziz Seidu,&nbsp;Theophilus I. Emeto","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70519","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypertension, a leading noncommunicable disease, significantly contributes to global morbidity and mortality. Despite its prevalence, managing and controlling hypertension in Ghana faces numerous challenges. This study aimed to assess interpersonal factors hindering hypertension management in Ghana's Ashanti region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a pretested questionnaire, we collected quantitative data from 350 hypertensive patients receiving care at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medication nonadherence was prevalent (56.3%), with moderate knowledge of hypertension (49.7%) and high physical inactivity (66.6%). Patients with tertiary education (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 6.151, 95% CI = 1.240–30.505; <i>p</i> = 0.03), moderate (AOR = 2.540, 95% CI = 1.016–6.350; <i>p</i> = 0.05), and higher self-efficacy/ability (AOR = 2.632, 95% CI = 1.030–6.725; <i>p</i> = 0.04) had enhanced ability to manage their hypertension condition. Conversely, divorced/separated individuals (AOR = 0.073, 95% CI = 0.008–0.700; <i>p</i> = 0.02), those with a family income exceeding GHS 2000.00 (AOR = 0.081, 95% CI = 0.012–0.532; <i>p</i> = 0.009), disease duration exceeding 15 years (AOR = 0.293, 95% CI = 0.092–0.930; <i>p</i> = 0.04), adequate hypertension knowledge (AOR = 0.312, 95% CI = 0.110–0.879; <i>p</i> = 0.03), and higher perceived barriers (AOR = 0.312, 95% CI = 0.159–0.611; <i>p</i> = 0.001) had lower odds of successful management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interpersonal factors play a huge role in hypertension management in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Targeted health education and self-management are recommended in improving medication adherence and adopting healthier lifestyles among these patients from Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. More qualitative research is needed to deepen understanding and inform effective intervention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the Comment on Our Article Titled: “Perspective on Antibiotic Resistance in Bangladesh: A Critical yet Overlooked Public Health Crisis”","authors":"Md. Mahadi Hassan,&nbsp;Noushin Nohor","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70541","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We thank Dr. Jeff Clyde G. Corpuz for his insightful comment, &lt;b&gt;“Antibiotic Resistance in the Philippines: A Public Health Crisis and Call for Urgent Action,”&lt;/b&gt; on our article [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] which draws critical parallels between the antibiotic resistance (AR) challenges in the Philippines and Bangladesh. We appreciate the emphasis on shared drivers of AR, such as self-medication, agricultural misuse, and fragmented regulatory frameworks, and fully endorse the call for multisectoral, “One Health” interventions. This correspondence seeks to amplify the discussion by highlighting opportunities for cross-country collaboration and expanding on actionable strategies to address AR in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The Philippines and Bangladesh indeed face strikingly similar AR landscapes, as underscored by Dr. Corpuz. Both nations grapple with high rates of antibiotic misuse, limited public awareness, and systemic gaps in surveillance and stewardship. The Philippines' ongoing efforts to enforce prescription-only antibiotic access and promote antimicrobial stewardship programs could inform Bangladesh's policies. Dr. Corpuz's emphasis on agricultural practices as a key AR driver warrants further attention. In Southeast Asia, the use of antibiotics in livestock farming remains a critical yet under-regulated issue. Collaboration between Bangladesh and the Philippines could explore region-specific alternative solutions for tackling AR, such as probiotics or phage therapy. While national interventions are vital, transnational cooperation is equally crucial. We propose establishing a “Southeast Asia AMR Consortium” to facilitate data sharing, harmonize surveillance protocols, and advocate for unified regulatory standards. Such a platform could accelerate the implementation of the WHO's Global Action Plan on AMR [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], particularly in LMICs where resource constraints hinder progress. Additionally, integrating behavioral science into public education campaigns—as piloted in Bangladesh's community-led initiatives—could enhance the Philippines' efforts to combat misinformation and promote responsible antibiotic use. Joint pilot programs targeting high-risk groups (e.g., farmers, and healthcare workers) may yield scalable, culturally adaptive strategies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, we echo Dr. Corpuz's advocacy for policy reforms but stress the need for innovation tailored to local contexts. For instance, digital health tools (e.g., mobile apps for prescription tracking or telemedicine consultations) could address systemic gaps in rural healthcare access while curbing self-medication. Similarly, partnerships with academic institutions could foster low-cost diagnostic technologies to reduce empiric antibiotic prescribing. AR is a borderless threat demanding borderless solutions. By leveraging shared experiences and fostering regional collaboration, the Philippines, Bangladesh, and other LMICs can transform challenges into opportunities for innovat","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Association Between Human Blood Metabolites and Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Wenhua Li,&nbsp;Suya Ma,&nbsp;Yunong Tian","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70528","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with a poorly understood etiology. Recent studies have suggested that metabolic dysregulation might be linked to the development of ASD; however, causal relationships remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal association between these factors using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a TSMR analysis to assess the relationship between blood metabolites and ASD using summarized GWAS data. The metabolite dataset from the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging included 1091 metabolites and 309 ratios from 7824 European individuals. The ASD data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium comprised 18,381 ASD cases and 27,969 controls. Blood metabolites were set as exposures with ASD as the outcome. We primarily used the inverse-variance weighted method, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. We also conducted sensitivity analyses to confirm robustness. Replication, confounding, and reserve analyses were performed to verify causation. Additionally, metabolic pathway and network pharmacology analyses were conducted to explore potential mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 55 known metabolites including 13 metabolite ratios and 10 unknown blood metabolites associated with ASD. Additionally, our analysis identified 13 potential metabolic pathways, among which tryptophan metabolism was the most notable (<i>p</i> = 0.0388). Gene Ontology functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis highlighted crucial pathways, such as cellular glucuronidation, glucuronosyltransferase activity, and bile secretion, and the significance of the apical part of the cell.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate that the dodecenedioate, methionine sulfone, cysteine to alanine ratio and proline to glutamate ratio have an impact on ASD. These results enhance our understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in ASD and could lead to new avenues for intervention and prevention. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms underlying these associations and confirm these findings in different populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}