Assessment of Health Managers Leadership Profiles Determined According to Change–Production–Employee Model: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Aim

Leadership is the process of directing a specific group toward specific goals. Identifying and developing leadership qualities among managers working in healthcare institutions is important for effective healthcare management. The aim is to determine leadership behaviors using the Change, Production, and Employee Model Leadership Scale among healthcare managers.

Methods

It is a cross-sectional analytical study. Data were collected from a public and a private hospital in Izmir province between July and September 2018. A total of 395 employees evaluated 80 supervisors. The Change, Production, and Employee Model Leadership Scale was used to determine leadership qualities. Independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare scale dimension scores according to sociodemographic work characteristics. Hierarchical clustering and K-means techniques were used to determine leadership styles.

Results

Leadership profiles were identified as Management by objectives (32.5%), Middle-of-the-Road (27.5%), Super (23.75%), and Invisible (16.5%) leaders. Those with female supervisors, permanent employees, and those working fewer than 45 h/week statistically gave higher scores for Change and Employee to their supervisors. Employees in private healthcare institutions statistically gave higher Change scores to their supervisors.

Conclusions

The identification of Management by objectives, Middle-of-the-Road, and Super leader profiles, which demonstrate certain competencies in all three dimensions of Change, Production, and Employee orientation, is evaluated positively. It is believed that this study will contribute to a better understanding of leadership styles in the healthcare sector and will be beneficial in developing effective management strategies.