Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the Preparedness of Healthcare Providers for Prone Position CPR Across Jordan's Healthcare Sectors: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ahmad Al Hroub,&nbsp;Sami Al-Yatim,&nbsp;Majeda Al-Ruzzieh","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70955","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Healthcare providers may need to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) while patients are in the prone position. Healthcare providers (HCPs) must possess the necessary knowledge, skills, and experience to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the prone position (PPCPR) confidently. This study aimed to assess HCPs' preparedness to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the prone position at specialized units in Jordan's healthcare sectors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In eight tertiary hospitals, a descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out. An online questionnaire was conducted among 332 HCPs who were employed in the operating room, intensive care units, or interventional procedure rooms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The majority of HCPs (73%) exhibited poor preparedness, with only 25% showing excellent preparedness, and 2% displayed an average level of preparedness. The average preparedness score was 37.14 (SD = 38.840), indicating significant variability. A lack of targeted training was associated with lower preparedness levels. Notably, HCPs with Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) training showed significantly higher preparedness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The HCPs in Jordan are poorly prepared to perform PPCPR whenever required. However, the study findings represent a significant step towards improving HCPs' preparedness to perform PPCPR. They serve as a baseline assessment and highlight the gaps in HCPs' readiness, which helps their organizations to develop and implement targeted training strategies and interventions. Incorporating this training into hospital orientation, training programs, and clinical guidelines is vitally important to enhance HCPs' capabilities for better outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70955","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily Diary Smartphone Assessment of Subjective Cognitive Concerns in Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: A Pilot Study","authors":"Caroline O. Nester,&nbsp;Ángel García de la Garza,&nbsp;Jacqueline A. Mogle,&nbsp;Cuiling Wang,&nbsp;Mindy J. Katz,&nbsp;Emmeline Ayers,&nbsp;Richard B. Lipton,&nbsp;Joe Verghese,&nbsp;Laura A. Rabin","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70744","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), a predementia condition that combines slow gait speed and subjective cognitive concerns (SCC), has broad diagnostic accessibility in resource poor settings as it is inexpensive and simple to diagnose. The ability to diagnose MCR remotely via smartphone would further increase the convenience and applicability of this syndrome. In this pilot study, we investigated the feasibility of implementing daily dairy reported SCC via smartphone in diverse individuals with MCR. Study aims included: (1) examine smartphone SCC to detect clinical status in MCR, (2) investigate the association of smartphone SCC with traditional in-clinic SCC measures; and (3) compare the relative ability of smartphone and in-clinic SCC to detect clinical status in MCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Einstein Aging Study participants (<i>N</i> = 247, M_age = 77.49 ± 4.82, %female = 66, M_education = 15.18 ± 3.65, %non-Hispanic white = 47, %non-Hispanic black = 39) completed the daily memory lapses checklist via smartphone (14-day daily dairy assessment of in vivo experiences of SCC) and a traditional in-person assessment of SCC (the cognitive change index) at annual study visits. Gait assessment and MCR diagnosis were assigned at baseline in-person assessment (MCR, <i>n</i> = 36). Clinical status was determined through clinical dementia rating scale sum of boxes. Linear mixed-effects models tested the association between smartphone based and in-person SCC measures with clinical status, controlling for covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Smartphone and in-person SCC measures were highly correlated. We found significant associations between SCC and clinical status for both smartphone and in-person SCC measures in MCR. Linear mixed-effects models revealed similar associations between smartphone-based and in-person SCC with clinical status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclustion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results represent a step toward viability of remote, smartphone-based assessment of SCC in MCR. Findings illustrate the merit of future research exploring a fully remote MCR diagnosis, with implications for dissemination of MCR in underserved, remote settings and more equitable access to early dementia detection in diverse populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70744","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Oxidative Stress and Severity of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Among Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Amos Tinashe Nyamadzawo,&nbsp;Junko Nishio,&nbsp;Toshiko Ogawa,&nbsp;Shinobu Okada","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70935","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Delayed healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is associated with significant morbidity, and oxidative stress (OS) induced by a diabetic state is considered an essential factor in the development of DFUs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine how systemic OS correlated with the severity of DFUs and to evaluate factors influencing OS in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Purposive sampling was used to recruit 44 outpatients with type-2 diabetes (DM) from a hospital's foot care department and 32 attendees without DM from an elderly welfare centre in Japan. Participants' demographic data, medical history, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and ABI were assessed at every visit. Also, urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were measured to indicate systemic OS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urinary MDA was higher in diabetic patients (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The presence of DFUs was associated with significantly elevated urinary MDA (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) among diabetic patients. There was a strong correlation between worsening DFU severity and increasing MDA levels (<i>r</i>_s (19) = 0.708, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Glycaemic control (<i>p</i> = 0.015) and ABI (<i>p</i> = 0.035) were also related to DFU severity.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetic state (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and poor glycaemic control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) coincided with elevated urinary MDA concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher systemic OS in a diabetic state and a strong correlation between wound severity and urinary MDA indicate that OS induced through several mechanisms relating to the diabetic state plays a vital role in DFU. Thus, OS can be a viable target for wound management in diabetic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70935","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on “Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Determinant Factors Among Adult Diabetic Patients Who Attend the Diabetic Follow-Up at Adwa General Hospital, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study”","authors":"Mostafa Javanian,&nbsp;Mohammad Barary,&nbsp;Mehran Shokri,&nbsp;Fatemeh Rasulpur,&nbsp;Soheil Ebrahimpour","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70971","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We read with much interest the article titled “Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Determinant Factors Among Adult Diabetic Patients Who Attend the Diabetic Follow-Up at Adwa General Hospital, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-sectional Study” published in your journal [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and determinant factors of diabetic foot ulceration among adult diabetic patients who presented for diabetic follow-up in 2019 at Adwa General Hospital, Ethiopia. They found a significantly high prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers. Determinants included rural residence, use of oral hypoglycemic drugs, medication nonadherence, poor diabetic foot self-care practices, loss to follow-up, neuropathy and alcohol consumption. We thank the authors for their significant contributions to this vital question. Nevertheless, we believe that some limitations deserve highlighting, as addressing them would strengthen the study's overall impact and validity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, the study lacked information on key laboratory parameters that would have given more depth to the patient outcomes. Markers like C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, lipid profiles, liver function tests, albumin, vitamin B12, vitamin D, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may have provided a more thorough understanding of the risk factors and prognosis [&lt;span&gt;2, 3&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Second, the study lacked sufficient adjustment for underlying comorbidities, including cerebrovascular diseases, malignancies, diabetic retinopathy, chronic liver disease, immune deficiencies, and autoimmune diseases. Such conditions could significantly affect patient outcomes and also induce bias in the findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Third, more data on medications given to patients, such as antibiotics, antihyperlipidemic agents, and antihypertensives, would be valuable. Details related to these treatments, including types, dosage, and duration, could shed some light on the potential effect of these interventions on diabetic foot ulcer outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fourth, detailed demographic data were absent. Socioeconomic factors, such as income level, smoking history (current, former, and heavy smokers), opium intake, and previous amputation history, are potentially essential indicators of patient risk profiles. Other limitations include poor data on nutritional status, vascular health, and insulin resistance, which are more significant points crucial in the management of diabetic foot ulcers [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, in closing, we recognize the value of this study in understanding the prevalence and determinants of diabetic foot ulcers in the adult diabetic population. However, the limitations suggested above, when addressed, have the potential to significantly strengthen the validity and applicability of the findings. We hope that the authors will consider these critiques, as we believe that such improvements are needed to advance research in this area further","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70971","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Undernutrition Among Elementary School Children in Zenzelima Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Abera Ademasu Birhanu,&nbsp;Mulat Yimer,&nbsp;Habtu Debash,&nbsp;Megbaru Alemu Abate","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70964","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intestinal parasites and malnutrition are major public health challenges in Ethiopia, highlighting the need for local epidemiological data to inform effective prevention and intervention strategies. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection, undernutrition, and their associated risk factors among elementary school-aged children in Zenzelima town, Northwest Ethiopia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2022. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. Sociodemographic and risk factor data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Height and weight measurements were taken using a meter and calibrated balance. Fresh fecal samples were collected and processed using wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 405 study subjects, 201 (49.6%) were infected with one or more intestinal parasites. The predominant parasite was hookworm (22.2%), followed by <i>Giardia lamblia</i> (19.8%) and <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> (13.6%). Habits of eating raw vegetables/fruits (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.330–3.11), having irregular use of closed shoes (AOR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.09–3.47), and exhibiting the habit of open-field defecation (AOR = 3.07; 95% CI: 2.00–4.71) were identified as independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infections. Alternatively, the overall prevalence of undernutrition among children was 58.3%, consisting of 49.1% for wasting, 25.9% for stunting, and 14.6% for underweight. Meal frequency at most three times a day (AOR = 3.24; 95% CI: 1.98–5.32) and infected with intestinal parasites (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.19–2.83) were strongly associated with undernutrition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and undernutrition was high among school children in Zenzelima, Ethiopia. In this study, eating raw vegetables/unwashed fruits, irregular use of closed shoes, and open-field defecation were statistically significant risk factors for intestinal parasitic infections. Moreover, low meal frequency and intestinal parasitic infections were significantly associated with undernutrition. These results highlight the need to strengthen integrated strategies to reduce both intestinal parasitic infections and undernutrition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Appraisal of “A Comprehensive Analysis of Moist Versus Non-Moist Dressings for Split-Thickness Skin Graft Donor Sites”","authors":"Ayesha Khaliq,&nbsp;Ashfaq Ahmad,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70987","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;I am writing to respond to the recently published study, “&lt;i&gt;A Comprehensive Analysis of Moist Versus Non-Moist Dressings for Split-Thickness Skin Graft Donor Sites&lt;/i&gt;,” randomized patients to determine the best donor site care for STSG. This reveals that moist dressings promote faster healing with fewer complications than non-moist dressings applied to skin defects. Its comprehensive literature review and appropriate inclusion criteria bolster its conclusions. However, I observed a few methodological and reporting shortcomings in this study, which, if rectified, could improve the study's scientific rigor and clinical importance. I share five specific recommendations below, followed by supporting academic literature.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, the study considers dressing change frequency as an outcome, but it is unclear whether consistent, standardized protocols were used across centers. Whether a fixed schedule, clinical need, or provider choice drove dressing changes is unknown. Differences in the frequency of dressing changes could also bias results because some dressings need to change more frequently regardless of the healing efficacy. Moreover, the study does not include a cost analysis of dressing changes, which is important for determining clinical feasibility in resource-limited settings. Reporting how dressings were monitored and replaced, including costs, would increase the generalizability of the study [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. For instance, recording average changes per patient and associated labor costs could guide providers (Adding such data could help hospitals plan budgets for wound care supplies).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, the study does not address wound healing variables such as smoking, diabetes, and nutritional status. These comorbidities significantly impact re-epithelialization and infection risk, which may confound the comparison between moist and non-moist dressings [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. For example, diabetes reduces the rate of healing due to impaired angiogenesis, while smoking reduces tissue oxygenation, both of which may obscure dressing-specific effects [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. This limitation could have been mitigated by using a statistical model like multivariate regression to adjust for these factors and improve the study's validity. Stratifying patients by comorbidity status could further elucidate whether dressing efficacy varies across high-risk groups and ensure that results are generalizable to different clinical populations (For instance, analyzing diabetic patients separately could show if moist dressings remain effective despite delayed healing).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Third, the study does not explore subgroup analyses according to anatomical location or wound size, which may affect healing outcomes. Scalp donor sites differ from thigh donor sites because of their vascularity and skin thickness. Moreover, wound size can affect dressing performance, with more extensive wounds potentially having different exudate levels and tension than smaller ones [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of Electrolyte Imbalance in Stroke Patients With Type I Diabetes Mellitus Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Romena Hassan,&nbsp;Afroja Alam,&nbsp;Mahbuba Yesmin,&nbsp;Rifat Jahan,&nbsp;Sayeda Sharmin Quadir","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71009","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the most common cause of permanent disability [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Patients with diabetes have a 1.5–2 times higher risk of stroke compared to the general population, and this risk increases with the duration of diabetes [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Stroke-related mortality can result from either the primary disease or complications, with dyselectrolytemia being one of the major contributors. Sodium and potassium imbalances are among the most frequent electrolyte disturbances observed in acute stroke patients. These imbalances primarily arise due to abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormones (ADH), elevated levels of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides, vomiting, and improper fluid management, which can lead to severe complications such as seizures and even death [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A study among Bangladeshi stroke patients found that 70% of acute stroke cases had electrolyte disturbances [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. Additionally, two separate studies from Pakistan and Bangladesh reported that 35% of acute stroke patients experienced hypokalemia. Hyponatremia, in particular, has been linked to a 70% mortality rate among stroke patients [&lt;span&gt;3, 5&lt;/span&gt;]. These electrolyte imbalances can be further exacerbated by insulin deficiency, excess glucagon, and acidosis, all of which are common in diabetic patients [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Despite the clinical significance of electrolyte disturbances in stroke patients with diabetes mellitus, there is limited data on their prevalence, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the patterns of electrolyte imbalances in acute stroke patients with type II diabetes mellitus admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. By identifying the most common electrolyte disturbances in this high-risk patient population, the study may provide valuable insights for improved clinical management in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The majority (60%) of patients were male and the mean age of the participants was 58.49 ± 12.53 years. Nearly half (42%) of the patients were in 51–60 years age group. More than half (58%) of patients had ischemic stroke, followed by hemorrhagic stroke (41%) and only 1% had multiple infarcts. Half (52%) of the patients had hypertension, and 19% had ischemic heart disease (IHD) in addition to diabetes. The mean value of random blood sugar (12.74 ± 2.29) showed poor glycemic control (Table 1).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nearly half (42%) of the patients had hyponatremia, 12% had hypokalemia, and 2% had hyperkalemia. One patient developed hypercalcemia, one developed hypomagnesaemia, one developed hypocalcaemia, and one developed hypophosphatemia, while the remaining 13% reported hypochloremia. By the end of the study period, 16.1% of patients with electrolyte imbalances had died, while the remaining 83.9% were discharged home (Table 2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nearly two-thirds (69%) of the stroke patients in our study were aged over 50 years. Our findings contrast with those ","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedentary Lifestyle, Physical Activity, and Healthy Digital Media Use of Filipino Adolescents: Review and Policy Insights","authors":"Danilo V. Rogayan Jr.,&nbsp;Edna M. Padre","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71012","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Recent findings on leisure sedentary behaviors (LSBs) and physical activity (PA) underscore the importance of differentiating the types and intensities of these behaviors in assessing health outcomes, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While leisure television watching and self-reported moderate PA were found to increase GERD risk, other behaviors like leisure computer use and objectively measured PA (via accelerometer data &gt; 425 milligravities) showed protective associations [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. These insights prompt a closer look at Filipino adolescents, who are among the most sedentary youth globally.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 93.4% of Filipino adolescents were physically inactive—ranking the Philippines second only to South Korea in global adolescent inactivity [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Complementary findings from the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance (AHKGA) in their Youth Physical Activity Report Cards further revealed that only 15.4% of Filipino adolescents met global PA guidelines [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. These sobering statistics highlight a pervasive issue that has persisted even after pandemic lockdowns, pointing to the urgent need for multilevel intervention and sustained commitment from all sectors of society.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The 2022 Philippine Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents offers a holistic overview of the PA landscape in the country, assessing behaviors, influential settings, and existing policy supports [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. This document is vital in amplifying awareness among educators, parents, and policymakers. Notably, ten government policies related to PA were evaluated in this report, affirming the state's potential to effect change through strategic legislation and enforcement [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. However, policy presence alone is insufficient. Implementation fidelity and ongoing evaluation are essential to translate these measures into meaningful behavior change among Filipino youth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In tandem with physical inactivity, digital media consumption has dramatically increased. A 2021 survey reported that 97% of Filipino adolescents aged 16–17 engage in social media weekly, often accessing content from the comfort of their homes [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]. While technology can serve educational and social functions, its excessive and unregulated use is frequently linked to sedentary habits and poor health outcomes. Therefore, promoting healthy digital media behaviors is equally critical.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A balanced approach is needed—one that not only reduces sedentary screen time but also leverages technology to promote physical health. Policy efforts must include curriculum-based physical education, active classroom breaks, and the promotion of community-based PA programs. Simultaneously, digital literacy campaigns should empower adolescents and their parents to manage screen time wisely. Encouraging the use of fitness applications and online exercise programs can create opportunities","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Emotion Recognition in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Recommended Designs for Future Studies","authors":"Parisa Ghanouni,&nbsp;Laura Eves","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70969","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifetime neurodevelopmental condition, which its prevalence is on the rise. Difficulties with emotion recognition and perspective-taking are commonly observed in individuals with ASD, leading to a profound impact on their daily functions. The aim of this document was to offer a reflective perspective on the evolution of research in this area.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This document evaluates current research approaches. The analysis focused on identifying key trends, gaps, and areas for further investigations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most studies that examined emotional face recognition in individuals with ASD yielded mixed findings regarding their ability in recognizing specific types of emotions. It may be considered that the heterogeneous population as well as the stimuli or experimental designs in previous studies play pivotal roles in inconsistencies in findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This commentary critically reflects on the previous studies, highlights trends in the current literature, and suggests how assessments can be implemented in future studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70969","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Myopia Occurrence, Development, and Correction in Primary School Students in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Lin-ya Qiu,&nbsp;Ya-juan Pu,&nbsp;Xin-peng Yang,&nbsp;Wei-hua Zhou,&nbsp;Xiao-xue Yu,&nbsp;Jun-peng Jiang,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Hua-qing Liu","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70989","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study is to assess the occurrence, progression, and correction of myopia in primary school students in China over the past few years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This longitudinal cohort study was based on a 5-year follow-up sample of first-year students enrolled in 2019. Data were collected from students' regular physical examinations conducted between September and December every year.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 6790 primary students were included in this analysis, of whom 3658 (53.8%) were boys. The spherical equivalent of students' binocular vision demonstrated a marked annual decline. The myopia rate gradually escalated from 23.4% in Grade 1 to 80.1% in Grade 5. The largest increase, amounting to 30%, occurred during the grade 1–2. A negative correlation was found between the spherical equivalent values and students' height, particularly among girls in grades 4 and 5. In grades 4 and 5, the rate of myopia among girls was approximately 5% higher than that among boys. Among students with moderate to severe myopia, the rate of spectacle wear for vision correction were 21.9%, 47.9%, 58.0%, 67.1%, and 71.5% in grades 1–5, respectively. Among students with spectacle wear, the rate of those with qualified vision correction reaching about 85%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 5 years from 2019 to 2023, the myopia rate among observed primary school students, particularly moderate and severe cases, has been alarmingly high, with inadequate vision correction. Additionally, myopia rates differ among students of various genders and heights.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70989","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}