Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing Emergency Preparedness: A Call to Incorporate Postexposure Prophylaxis in Mass Casualty Protocols","authors":"Majani Edward,&nbsp;Archie Hellar,&nbsp;Chizaram Onyeaghala,&nbsp;Oluruntoba Ogunfolaji","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70973","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) present significant challenges to emergency response systems, often overwhelming healthcare resources. This article highlights the critical role of integrating postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) into emergency protocols to mitigate immediate and secondary health risks occurring due to mass casualty. The aim is to underscore the importance of PEP in MCI management and advocate for its systematic incorporation into emergency preparedness and response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a perspective article drawing upon existing literature, guidelines from organizations such as UNAIDS, and expert opinion to synthesize the importance of PEP in the context of MCIs. It discusses the rationale for PEP, challenges in its implementation, particularly in resource-limited settings, and proposes strategies for its integration into emergency protocols.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis underscores that prompt PEP administration significantly reduces the risk of bloodborne pathogen transmission following potential exposure during MCIs. Effective MCI response necessitates hospital preparedness, robust Emergency Medical Services (EMS), interagency collaboration, and trained personnel. The potential for HIV transmission in crash emergencies is often overlooked, highlighting the urgent need for PEP inclusion in emergency protocols. Key recommendations include establishing robust surveillance systems, training first responders, ensuring the availability of personal protective equipment and point-of-care test kits, establishing blood bank networks, and ensuring widespread access to PEP with a low threshold for its administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrating PEP into emergency response strategies is imperative for enhancing the resilience and preparedness of healthcare systems, especially in resource-constrained settings. This proactive approach can significantly reduce morbidity, mortality, and the public health burden associated with infectious disease transmission following MCIs. Therefore, the systematic incorporation of PEP into emergency protocols, supported by interagency collaboration, training, and resource allocation, is strongly recommended.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70973","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, Pattern and Mortality of Traumatic Abdominal Injury, a Three-Year Study at the Largest Trauma Center in Southern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Mahnaz Yadollahi,&nbsp;Hosein Fazeli,&nbsp;Mehdi Ghasemian,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Yousefi,&nbsp;Mehrdad Karajizadeh,&nbsp;Hanie Farajpour","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70941","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trauma remains a significant contributor to global mortality rates, with abdominal trauma being a prevalent diagnosis among traumatic patients and often leading to substantial mortality rates. The objective of this study was to investigate the nature of abdominal trauma, ascertain associated injury characteristics, and identify independent factors associated with mortality in patients referred to a level-one trauma center located in the southern region of Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the largest trauma center in the southern region of Iran from June 2018 to June 2021. The study included all adult patients diagnosed with abdominal trauma based on the criteria outlined in the Abbreviated Injury Scale guidelines. Data were collected on patient characteristics, injury anatomy, injury mechanism, duration of hospitalization, blood pressure levels, injury severity, and outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study analyzed 844 cases among 4755 individuals admitted to the emergency department (17.75% prevalence) with an 18.40% mortality rate. Liver injuries were associated with increased mortality, while spleen injuries, although common, were not. Most patients were male, with an average age of 36. The most common causes were road traffic accidents and falls, with blunt trauma being predominant. Variables with observed association with mortality included age (<i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001, OR = 1.057), GCS = 3–8 (<i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001, OR = 10.780), retroperitoneal hemorrhage (<i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001, OR = 3.052), higher ISS (<i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001, OR = 1.039), and length of hospital stay (<i>p</i> value = 0.002, OR = 0.974).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the significant burden of abdominal trauma on mortality rates in traumatic patients. Understanding the nature and predictors of abdominal trauma can help improve outcomes and guide future interventions in trauma care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70941","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Health System Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Dynamic Indicators of Resilience Based on Sick-Leave Data","authors":"Tom H. Oreel,&nbsp;Sophie Hadjisotiriou,&nbsp;Vítor V. Vasconcelos,&nbsp;Vincent A. W. J. Marchau,&nbsp;Etiënne A.J.A. Rouwette,&nbsp;Rick Quax,&nbsp;Vittorio Nespeca,&nbsp;Jannie Coenen,&nbsp;Hubert P. L. M. Korzilius,&nbsp;Heiman Wertheim,&nbsp;Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70789","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Healthcare system resilience is generally understood as the capacity of a healthcare system to prepare, withstand, and adapt to disruptive health events while maintaining the continuity and quality of essential health services. So-called dynamic indicators of resilience (DIORs) allow us to examine resilience by analysing patterns of functioning of the healthcare system in time series data. The aim of this study was to examine whether DIORs can be estimated from time series data of the functioning of the Dutch healthcare system before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether these DIORs are indicative of the resilience of the Dutch healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To select a measure of healthcare functioning, healthcare experts completed a questionnaire in which they selected the five most relevant indicators of healthcare availability (table s14). Based on the questionnaire results and datasets available, time series data of sick-leave absenteeism rates among Dutch healthcare workers before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic were used to quantify the functioning of the Dutch healthcare system. DIORs were estimated using moving window techniques on the time series data of each healthcare sector, each safety region in the Netherlands, and all healthcare sectors and safety regions in the Netherlands combined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short-term sick-leave increased from 3.2% to 4.5% and long-term from 3.0% to 4.0% post-pandemic (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). DIORs showed significantly increasing autocorrelation during the pandemic (Kendall's <i>τ</i> = 0.46–0.52), indicated an increased loss of resilience of the Dutch healthcare system as the COVID-19 pandemic progressed. Trends were consistent across healthcare sectors but varied across regions, with some regions showing stable or improving resilience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that DIORs, estimated from time series data of sick-leave absenteeism rates among healthcare workers in the Netherlands during the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially provide useful insights into healthcare system's resilience during and following disruptive health events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70789","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors and Residential Variation Among HIV/TB Coinfected Mortality in Fenote Selam Hospital, Amhara Region: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Berhanu Bekele Debelu,&nbsp;Netsanet Mamo Beyene","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70953","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HIV-TB co-infection is a worldwide health concern that arises when an individual has both HIV and tuberculosis (TB) infections. Ethiopia is one of the top 30 nations in the world with the highest rates of TB and HIV. The goal of this study was to determine the variables that influence adult HIV/TB coinfected patients’ mortality as well as the nutritional differences in mortality by level of residency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, 417 patients that met our criteria were included in this study. We employed a multilevel logistic regression model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>12.9% of HIV/TB coinfected patients died during the research period. It was discovered that important predictors of HIV/TB coinfected mortality included functional status, age of patients, WHO clinical stages, nutritional status, CD4 levels, regimen, and BMI. In our study, patients who fell into the bedridden functional status group, those who were in the fourth WHO clinical stage (stage IV), those who were older, those whose therapies were second-line regimens, and those with low CD4 cell counts were greater at risk of passing away.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study showed that, individuals with HIV/TB co-infection were more likely to die and that this risk varied depending on the patient's place of residency (rural areas were more at risk).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piccolo Device for Treating Patent Ductus Arteriosus Beyond Premature Newborn Patients, a Novel Experience in South America: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Ana M. Aristizabal,&nbsp;Isabella Olave,&nbsp;Carlos A. Guzmán-Serrano,&nbsp;Valentina Mejía-Quiñones,&nbsp;Jaiber Gutiérrez Gil,&nbsp;Walter Mosquera Alvarez","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70617","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), particularly with the Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder, offers advantages over surgical closure, including better recovery and lower risk of complications. Although its smaller profile is preferred for neonatal endovascular closure, it may be used in patients of varying ages. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Piccolo device in PDA treatment beyond premature newborns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent PDA closure with the Piccolo device at our institution between January 2021 and December 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-nine patients underwent transcatheter closure with the Piccolo device, with a mean age of 24 months (IQR: 5–23) and a mean weight of 10.4 kg (IQR: 5.6–13.8). The average ductus arteriosus diameter was 1.65 mm (IQR: 1.0–1.9), and the most commonly used device size was 4/4 mm (<i>n</i> = 14), followed by 5/4 mm (<i>n</i> = 5) and 3/4 mm (<i>n</i> = 4). Successful closure was achieved in 28 patients (96.5%) without evidence of persistent shunt after closure. No device embolization or local complications were observed after the procedure. One patient died during hospitalization due to unrelated complications of intestinal perforation. During follow-up of at least 6 months, no stenosis of the left pulmonary artery or aorta was identified in any patient.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest a potential extension of the utility of the Piccolo device beyond the neonatal phase, demonstrating its safety and efficacy in older pediatric patients weighing over 2 kg, without a significant increase in complications or mortality rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement in Patients With Moderate to Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Clinical Outcomes and Echocardiographic Indices","authors":"Pouria Azami,&nbsp;Alireza Hosseinpour,&nbsp;Jahangir Kamalpour,&nbsp;Farshad Rajabi,&nbsp;Iman Razeghian-Jahromi,&nbsp;Sarvenaz Farhangdoost,&nbsp;Reza Golchin Vafa,&nbsp;Ghazaleh Bagheri","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70950","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a prevalent, often overlooked condition linked to significant morbidity and mortality in older adults. Due to the high risks associated with conventional surgery, transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) has emerged as a less invasive alternative. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the clinical outcomes and echocardiographic indices of TTVR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five databases were searched systematically, and eligible studies included patients with moderate or severe TR who underwent TTVR. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool for observational studies and the JBI checklist for case series. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of TTVR on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and echocardiographic parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-one studies with 643 patients (mean age 75.8 years, 70.76% female) reported a 94% technical success rate for TTVR (95% CI: 91–96%). 30-day mortality was 4% (95% CI: 2–6%) and 1-year mortality was 9% (95% CI: 6%–13%). Significant improvements were noted in TR severity (OR = 0.0013, 95% CI: 0.0006–0.0027, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and PASP (MD = −8.69 mmHg, 95% CI: −11.54 to −5.84, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), along with reductions in right ventricular base diameter (MD = −6.33 mm, 95% CI: −8.92 to −3.75, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and RV end-diastolic mid diameter (MD = −6.33 mm; 95% CI [−8.18, −5.52]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; I² = 5%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TTVR presents a promising treatment alternative for high-risk patients with severe TR, demonstrating high technical success, favorable clinical outcomes, and significant echocardiographic improvements. While the procedure is associated with low in-hospital and 1-year mortality, further studies are needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and optimize patient selection for this emerging therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70950","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Cultural Paediatric Neuropsychological Assessment: Key Considerations","authors":"Freddie O'Donald,&nbsp;Clara Calia,&nbsp;Sanne Franzen","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70959","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-cultural paediatric neuropsychology faces important challenges in ensuring assessments are fair and valid across diverse cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic backgrounds. This article aims to highlight key considerations and gaps in current practice, with a focus on supporting equitable neuropsychological assessment practices in increasingly diverse populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This perspective article draws on a structured narrative review of key literature and explores core themes in the cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment of children, including test adaptation, developmental considerations, and interpreter-mediated assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three main areas are discussed: (1) the inconsistent adaptation of paediatric-specific cognitive assessment tools across cultures, (2) the influence of cultural and educational factors on child development and test performance, and (3) the complexities of interpreter-mediated neuropsychological assessment in paediatric settings. Although there are established tools and emerging guidance in adult neuropsychology, systematic, child-focused cross-cultural assessment frameworks remain underdeveloped.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Further research is needed to develop culturally responsive, developmentally appropriate, and standardised frameworks for paediatric neuropsychological assessment. This includes improving normative data sets, refining cross-cultural adaptation processes, and developing interpreter protocols tailored to child assessments. These efforts are essential to ensure that assessments are equitable, accurate, and clinically useful across diverse populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Competency of Healthcare Professionals and Medical Students in Cardiac Arrest and CPR in Pakistan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Usha Kumari,&nbsp;Zair Hassan,&nbsp;Maria Waseem,&nbsp;Moiz Sahito,&nbsp;Shanzay Zahid,&nbsp;Kevin Patel,&nbsp;Muneeb Jan,&nbsp;Salim Surani,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70419","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest stands as the primary cause of worldwide mortality. Therefore, all healthcare workers must comprehensively understand and practically apply cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). To address the paucity of literature on this subject, we conducted a nationwide survey among healthcare professionals in Pakistan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This nationwide cross-sectional study was based on an online questionnaire. The sample pool comprised healthcare professionals and medical students from all over Pakistan. The survey comprised 18 questions aimed to assess the comprehension of CPR, determine the source of their basic life support (BLS) training, and evaluate their competence in performing CPR in real-life situations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample size consisted of 951 participants from Pakistan. A total of 712 responders (75%) reported having received CPR or CPR with an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) course, and the same percentage reported that their respective universities had organized the course. The responders reported that the BLS course was made mandatory in only 60% of cases. Most of the respondents were first-year medical students (21%) and postgraduates (21%). Most of the respondents (78%) professed that the courses had been theoretical as well as practical, and 66% felt confident enacting CPR in out-of-hospital settings. Overall, no province was able to achieve a score of greater than 50% when assessed about their knowledge regarding cardiac arrest and CPR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides a detailed insight into Pakistan healthcare workers' CPR knowledge and perceptions belonging to different provinces, institutes, designations, and specialties. The participants reported being confident in performing CPR but demonstrated gaps when assessed regarding the revised guidelines and their performance in different scenarios. There is room for further research in overcoming the language barriers and other discrepancies faced by this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective, Single-Center Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of ClimateCare in the Acute Postoperative Management of Pressure Ulcers","authors":"Stuti P. Garg,&nbsp;Anitesh Bajaj,&nbsp;Krish V. Shah,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Hanna,&nbsp;Geneviève L. Putnam,&nbsp;Iris Bai,&nbsp;Diana Griffin,&nbsp;Robert D. Galiano","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70846","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pressure ulcers (PU) are injuries to the skin and underlying tissue that can have significant morbidity with the presence of complications such as dehiscence and necrosis. ClimateCare is a mattress coverlet system that aims to maintain optimal skin moisture, temperature, and humidity levels at the interface between the patient and the surface to mitigate pressure ulcer risk factors. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ClimateCare in improving wound outcomes and minimizing complications of pressure ulcers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with a stage III/IV pressure ulcer admitted for surgical closure were included in the randomized-controlled trial. All patients received the Fluid Immersion Simulation (FIS) System, either with or without the ClimateCare treatment based on a convenience sampling method. The subjects were monitored for 14 days post-closure (POD-14) for assessment of wound status and complications, including moisture, maceration, drainage, dehiscence, epidermolysis, necrosis, and demarcation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 32 patients completed the study, where 18 patients received the ClimateCare treatment and 14 patients did not. In the control group, 71% of patients had complications while 17% had complications in the ClimateCare group (<i>p</i> = 0.001). In addition, 33% of patients without the ClimateCare had open wounds, while no patients who received ClimateCare treatment had open wounds (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Patient acceptability regarding treatment comfort, difficulty with mobilization, and pain at surgical site were not significantly different between ClimateCare and control groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that the ClimateCare treatment in conjunction with the FIS may be effective in decreasing risk of postoperative complications and emphasize the importance of moisture control and pressure offloading in patients. Future studies should be conducted to characterize the effects of ClimateCare in minimizing the risk of complications following wound closure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70846","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency Ablation as an Alternative and Novel Procedure in the Intraepithelial Neoplasia Management: A Systematic Scoping Review","authors":"Hamid Reihani,&nbsp;Sepehr Ebrahimi-Dehkordi,&nbsp;Reza Moshfeghinia,&nbsp;Amirhossein Ghiasi-Nejad,&nbsp;Kiarash Noorizadeh,&nbsp;Reza Heidari-Soureshjani","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70938","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a promising minimally invasive technique for eliminating intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN). We reviewed current evidence investigating the role of RFA in managing different types of IEN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review was conducted to assess the current evidence for the use of RFA in managing various types of IEN. A three-step search strategy was employed, involving keyword extraction, comprehensive database searching (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar), and reference screening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two articles were included in this review, and most of the literature reported the features of RFA in the esophagus-related IENs (68.7%). RFA treatment was also found to effectively address gastric (9.3%), anal (12.5%), and cervical (9.3%) IENs. The general opinion on using RFA in Barrett's esophagus (BE) was its combination therapy with the endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) methods, which suggested better outcomes than RFA/EMR monotherapy. RFA was not preferred treatment for high-grade gastric dysplasia, but it was effective for the low-grade type.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a minimally invasive, safe, and effective procedure, RFA holds promise for addressing lesions associated with BE, gastric, anal, and cervical IEN; However, the scope and gaps related to RFA therapy require to be explored precisely.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}