Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Eating Disorders in Bangladesh: A Narrative Review","authors":"Md. Hasan Al Banna,&nbsp;Satyajit Kundu,&nbsp;S. M. Yasir Arafat","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70537","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eating disorders are complex psychiatric illnesses mostly prominent in Western countries. Little has been researched about these disorders in countries like Bangladesh. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize the studies on eating disorders in Bangladesh, focusing on rates and associated factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Google, Google Scholar, and BanglaJOL on February 20, 2024, to identify the available studies on eating disorders in Bangladesh. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were included in this review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies were published between 2015 and 2023 with a sample size ranging from 196 to 4076. All the studies were conducted among university students and used screening tools to assess eating disorders where the majority of the studies utilized the <i>Eating Attitudes Test-26</i>. The rate of at risk of eating disorders varies between 20.4% and 38%. Sociocultural factors, age, sex, academic attainment, marital status, family income, smoking, nutritional status, anxiety, depression, internet addiction, high religious practice, previous cosmetic surgery, and binge drinking were associated with eating disorder risk. However, all studies focused on a single population group, and no nationwide studies or research involving community populations or clinical samples were identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although there has been an increase in research on eating disorders in Bangladesh since 2015, community-based studies using diagnostic tools are warranted. Adaptation and development of culture sensitive instruments could be an important necessity along with an enduring collaboration among researchers, stakeholders, and clinicians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70537","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Vaccine Delivery With Drone Technology: Addressing Healthcare Disparities","authors":"John Patrick C. Toledo","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70533","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Sumit Aggarwal and colleagues' exploratory study “Assessing the Feasibility of Drone-Mediated Vaccine Delivery” provides significant new information about using drones for delivering vaccines, especially in difficult-to-reach areas. The project was driven by the need for creative solutions in the delivery of health services due to logistical challenges in vaccination administration, particularly during COVID-19 lockdowns.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the primary findings of the study indicated the effectiveness of drones in maintaining the cold chain required for vaccines, as they successfully transported simulated vaccine vials while keeping them within the recommended temperature range of 3°C–4°C throughout the transportation process [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Furthermore, the drones operated without any observed vibrations affecting the integrity of the delivered vaccine vials. In addition to preserving vaccine effectiveness, this capability is essential to guarantee timely vaccination access, which is crucial in times of public health emergency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study makes a scholarly contribution by empirically evaluating the viability of drone technology for the transportation of medical supplies, especially in geographically diverse areas of India where conventional delivery methods are frequently hindered. Future research on drone-integrated vaccination delivery systems around the world can build on the methodological underpinning of this study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The benefit of drone-mediated delivery is much more evident during lockdowns. Drones may significantly cut down on the time and logistical difficulties of road transport, especially in isolated or underdeveloped locations where access is frequently restricted. The ability of drones to deliver medical supplies swiftly, bypassing road barriers and potential delays, ensures that vulnerable populations receive essential vaccines on time, which is crucial for preventing outbreaks and maintaining public health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Overall, this study highlights the transformative potential of drone technology to address healthcare disparities in isolated communities, demonstrating that it can enhance health service reach and efficiency, particularly during exigent circumstances like pandemics [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. The results promote more research into drone systems for wider uses in healthcare logistics, with the ultimate goal of ensuring that everyone has fair access to necessary medical treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On a personal note, the study highlights the vital role that drone technology plays in promoting health equity and equality for all people, regardless of their socioeconomic background or geographic location. By improving access to immunizations and medical supplies, drones can guarantee prompt and efficient healthcare delivery, ultimately protecting community health during emergencies and beyond.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;John Patrick C. Toledo:&lt;/b&gt; conceptualization, writing – original draft, writing – review and editing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ethical standards are foll","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existential Anxiety of Nurses in the COVID-19-Virus Units and Its Relation With Resilience and Posttraumatic Growth","authors":"Asma Ghonchehpour,&nbsp;Farshid Rafiee Sarbijan Nasab,&nbsp;Fatemeh Maghsoudi,&nbsp;Roghayeh Mehdipour-Rabori","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70547","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aimed to investigate the relationship between existential anxiety, posttraumatic growth, and resilience in nurses working in COVID-19units.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was a descriptive-analytical study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The researchers conducted the study on 224 nurses working in the COVID-19units of four hospitals affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Southeast Iran from 2021 to 2020 with census method. the data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Masoudi Sani et al.'s existential anxiety questionnaire, the Conner-Davidson resilience scale, posttraumatic growth inventory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of nurses were 30.88% ± 6.53% and 76.3% of them were female. The results showed there were a negative and significant correlation between posttraumatic growth and resilience (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>r</i> = −0.38) but no statistically significant relationship between existential anxiety, resilience, and posttraumatic growth (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Regression analysis indicated a negative and significant relationship between posttraumatic growth and resilience, but no statistically significant relationship between existential anxiety, resilience (<i>p</i> = 0.28), and Posttraumatic growth (<i>p</i> = 0.20). There was no significant difference between the mean existential anxiety score, age, sex, and education level, but the mean existential anxiety score in the emergency personnel was significantly higher than of other departments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results demonstrated that the mean scores of existential anxiety, resilience and posttraumatic growth were moderate. The researchers suggest educational and interventional measures to improve resilience, posttraumatic growth and reduce existential anxiety among nurses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nondiabetic Gastroparesis Among Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Patient Characteristics From the United States","authors":"Renuka Verma,&nbsp;Kamleshun Ramphul,&nbsp;Lily Liu,&nbsp;Hemamalini Sakthivel,&nbsp;Patrick Deladem Pekyi-Boateng,&nbsp;Prince Kwabla Pekyi-Boateng","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70538","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune condition, follows a progressive and chronic path accompanied by inflammation and demyelination, that triggers various neurological symptoms such as weakness, numbness, vision impairment, and cognitive impairment [&lt;span&gt;1, 2&lt;/span&gt;]. Patients with MS are also prone to various gastrointestinal symptoms and manifestations, including constipation, diarrhea, incontinence, and bloating. While gastroparesis is typically linked with diabetes mellitus, cases have been reported due to demyelinating diseases [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Regardless of the cause, gastroparesis can impact the quality of life [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;], and our study aims to understand the patient demographics and underlying comorbidities in nondiabetic multiple sclerosis (ND-MS) patients with and without nondiabetic gastroparesis (ND-gastroparesis) in the United States.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This retrospective study relied on hospitalization data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), which was created by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) from 2016 to 2021 [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. We extracted cases with an ICD-10 code for MS “G35”. All patients younger than 18 years were excluded from our sample. The presence of gastroparesis was also identified via the ICD-10 code “K31.84” [&lt;span&gt;6, 7&lt;/span&gt;]. We first estimated the prevalence of gastroparesis in patients with diabetes and among those without diabetes. Then, all cases with diabetes were excluded for the remaining statistical analyses of our study, to create a sample of ND-MS patients, adopting the methodology of past studies [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;] via appropriate ICD-10 codes [&lt;span&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The baseline patient demographics of the gastroparesis and non-gastroparesis ND-MS groups were studied by running &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; tests for categorical groups and Mann–Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt; tests for continuous data, through SPSS 29.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York). Statistical significance was maintained at a &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-value less than 0.05. The NIS was released in deidentified form. Users are not required to seek ethics and institutional board review and approval [&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Initially, a total of 906,115 adult MS patients (with and without diabetes) were identified, with 10,580 cases of gastroparesis (diabetic and nondiabetic) (1.17%). Out of 199,615 MS patients with diabetes, 5630 (2.82%) had gastroparesis, while the ND-MS group consisted of 706500 MS patients amongst which 4950 (0.70%) had gastroparesis (Figure 1).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Further analysis of the ND-MS groups revealed that the ND-MS gastroparesis patients were younger, with a median age of 53.00 years (vs. 57.00, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), while involving more females (87.6% vs. 72.3%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), Whites (82.6% vs. 76.1%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), current users of systemic steroids (2.8% vs. 2.1%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), cases with chronic kidney disease (7.5% vs. 6.6%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.014), previous stroke (6.4% vs. 5.7%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.037), liver cirrhosis (2.7% ","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Novel Combined CBC-Derived Systemic Inflammatory Ratios and Their Dynamic Changes as ICU Mortality Predictors, a Retrospective Cohort","authors":"Helia Azmakan,&nbsp;Farshad Hashemian,&nbsp;Kaveh Kazemian","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70441","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Novel biomarkers, such as neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, monocyte lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte platelet ratio, derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, and aggregate index of systemic inflammation, have shown promising prognostic value, especially in ICU settings. We aimed to evaluate the potential of the mentioned factors as ICU mortality predictors in a heterogeneous ICU cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Materials</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data obtained from the intensive care unit (ICU) records of 311 patients. We evaluated the strength of the inflammatory parameters upon admission, 48 h later, and their dynamic changes within this period in predicting ICU mortality. We used multivariate logistic regression with backward elimination, which were further validated using ROC and calibration curves. Interaction terms were added to assess the possible modifications in predictive performance of ratios across various subgroups of patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NLPR, 48 h post ICU admission (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, OR: 7.3436, 95% CI: 3.2986–17.2619) and NLPR changes during the first 48 h of ICU admission (<i>p</i> = 0.018, OR: 2.3826, 95% CI: 1.2069–6.7112), were significant predictors of ICU mortality in the multivariate logistic regression models. The model, including 48-h NLPR, had the highest AUC of ROC, calibration slope, and lowest AIC (0.8671, 0.8622, and 229.12, respectively). Also, the predictive performance of NLPR dynamic changes decreases significantly among patients with a background of CVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NLPR level, 48 h post-ICU admission and its dynamic changes during the first 48 h of ICU stay, significantly predict ICU mortality among heterogeneous critically ill patients. These findings can serve as practical and accessible predictors of ICU mortality, particularly in settings, where traditional scoring systems may not be routinely available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Proliferative Markers in Pancreatic Cancer Management: A Systematic Review","authors":"Aryan Salahi-Niri,&nbsp;Paniz Zarand,&nbsp;Negar Mansouri,&nbsp;Parvaneh Rastgou,&nbsp;Omid Yazdani,&nbsp;Romina Esbati,&nbsp;Fatemeh Shojaeian,&nbsp;Behnaz Jahanbin,&nbsp;Zhaleh Mohsenifar,&nbsp;Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei,&nbsp;Farid Azmoudeh Ardalan,&nbsp;Seyed Amir Ahmad Safavi-Naini","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70412","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Chemotherapy remains a primary therapeutic approach, but patient responses vary significantly, emphasizing the need for reliable biomarkers. This review explores the potential role of proliferative markers, including Ki-67, PCNA, Cyclin D1, and PHH3, as predictive and prognostic indicators in pancreatic cancer management, aiming to enhance personalized treatment strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a narrative review by searching Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar for studies focusing on Ki-67, PCNA, Cyclin D1, and PHH3 in relation to pancreatic cancer and chemotherapy. The literature was reviewed to evaluate the role of these markers in predicting chemotherapy response, tumor progression, and overall patient survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The review highlights the clinical significance of these markers. Ki-67 and PCNA are associated with cell proliferation, while Cyclin D1 regulates cell cycle progression and PHH3 is linked to mitotic activity. High expression levels of these markers often correlate with increased tumor aggressiveness and poorer patient outcomes. Moreover, they show promise in predicting chemotherapy response, which can inform tailored therapeutic strategies. However, challenges remain, including standardization of detection methods and determination of optimal cutoff values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Proliferative markers such as Ki-67, PCNA, Cyclin D1, and PHH3 hold potential as predictive and prognostic tools in pancreatic cancer management. Their integration into clinical practice could improve the accuracy of treatment decisions and enhance patient outcomes. Further research and validation are necessary to overcome existing challenges and optimize their application in personalized oncology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease: Recent Techniques, Diagnostic Accuracy, and Clinical Implications for Modern Cardiology–A Narrative Review","authors":"Dionysia Kravarioti,&nbsp;Hassan Chaito,&nbsp;Souhail Ouardouz,&nbsp;Elaf Abdulnaser Al-Saab,&nbsp;Magda Wojtara,&nbsp;Olivier Uwishema","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70536","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coronary artery disease (CAD), a leading cause of death globally, is among the most commonly diagnosed manifestations of heart disease. Although invasive coronary angiography (ICA) remains the “gold standard” to detect CAD, it is accompanied by several limitations. This review aims to present recent Noninvasive diagnostic modalities in CAD, report and compare the diagnostic accuracy of different invasive and noninvasive tests in CAD, and analyze both the current and future clinical implications of noninvasive modalities that regularly evaluate CAD in modern cardiology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given this background and purpose, various, reliable online sources were searched to find relevant data for our narrative review. To this end, several databases were consulted including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The weight of the evidence highlights that the accuracy of several noninvasive diagnostic modalities in CAD is high and the choice of the most suitable noninvasive diagnostic testing mainly depends on local resources, tests' features, and patients' characteristics, which determine the pretest probability of CAD. For patients presenting an intermediate pretest probability of the disease noninvasive testing seems to be appropriate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Noninvasive diagnostic modalities could limit the usage of invasive modalities in CAD. Nowadays, noninvasive diagnostic modalities are increasingly being promoted as they provide useful and reliable information about the various aspects of CAD. Undoubtedly, more efforts are needed to optimize noninvasive diagnostic tests to demonstrate their full potential in CAD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70536","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Frequency of Anatomic Variations of the Paranasal Sinus Region by Using Multidetector Computed Tomography: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Babar Ali,&nbsp;Zonaina Nadeem,&nbsp;Muhammad Naeem,&nbsp;Kinza Arif,&nbsp;Asad Zaman,&nbsp;Aqsa Noor,&nbsp;Muhammad Hassaan Zahid,&nbsp;Rimsha Mustafa,&nbsp;Aymar Akilimali,&nbsp;Jacob Leonard Ago","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70535","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sinus anatomy should be well-understood by the sinus surgeons to carry out functional endoscopic sinus surgery carefully. That's why CT scans are vital to provide essential clarity and accuracy for comprehensive presurgical planning with minimal risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of anatomic variations of the paranasal sinus region by using multidetector computed tomography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study of one hundred and fifty-three patients of all age groups was carried out in the radiology department of Shalamar Hospital Lahore from 20 January, 2024 to 10 April, 2024 to evaluate anatomical variations presented to the facility by using multidetector CT. Data were collected using a standardized data collection sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 94 males and 59 females with a median age of 43.9 years. Among the study population, 4.6% had aplasia of the frontal sinus, 84.3% had bilateral frontal sinus, but 13.7% had unilateral, 42.5% had more than 2 chambers of frontal sinus, and 9.8% had hypoplasia with persistent metopic suture. Four patterns of sphenoid sinus pneumatization were recognized: the conchal, the presellar, the sellar, and the post-sellar, with prevalence rates of 2.0%, 11.1%, 28.1%, and 56.9%, respectively. 0.7% had hypoplasia of maxillary sinus, 9.2% had exostoses, 13.7% had extension of teeth roots to maxillary sinus, and 3.3% had maxillary sinus septations. Ethmoidal bulla, Agger nasi cells, and Haller cells had frequencies of 49%, 32.7%, and 30.7%, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most common anatomical variations are bilateral frontal sinus, post-sellar pneumatization of sphenoid sinus, ethmoidal bulla in ethmoid sinus, and extension of teeth roots to maxillary sinus. Such characteristics and findings are to be evaluated for the management of pathologies associated with these variations and consequent surgical interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception About Factors Affecting Patient Adherence With Cardiac Medicines: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jesmin Sultana,&nbsp;Rumman Reza,&nbsp;Mohammad Saifuddin,&nbsp;Zakir Hossain Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70532","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-term medicines are frequently recommended to cardiovascular patients to control hypertension and lower heart burden. Patient adherence to cardiovascular medicine is crucial since stopping it increases the risk of cardiac adverse events and poses a bigger risk to health. Perception of manufacturers, prescribers and patients were taken into account to identify the most important variables that can have a positive impact on patient satisfaction and thereby increase adherence to prescribed cardiovascular drug therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The empirical study was conducted using quantitative survey method. Questionnaire contained variables influencing patient compliance measured by a 5-point Likert scale where 1 is <i>strongly disagree</i> and 5 <i>strongly agree</i>. Questions were handed over by drop-off and collect method. This study was conducted in 15 tertiary health-care service centers and 18 pharmaceutical companies across Dhaka district, Bangladesh. A total of 156 cardiologists, 200 cardiac patients and 180 marketing professionals (manufacturers) were included in the survey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 11 variables that can affect patient compliance were utilized to create correlation matrix and subsequently to carry on exploratory factor analysis. Hypothesis testing was done by using the regression model. Forty-eight percent of respondents strongly agreed that efficacy of cardiac medicine influences patient compliance. Most of the stakeholders (69%) agreed that the company reputation of cardiac medicine suppliers is an important criterion. Availability and affordability were highly positively correlated variables. The variables were grouped under four categories according to factor loading scores. The four factors were medicinal issues of product strategies, economic issues of price strategies, convenience issues of place strategies and communication issues of promotional strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this study contribute to the comprehension of the factors influencing patient compliance from multiple dimensions. Policy makers should implement and promote policies that encourage patient adherence to long-term prescription drugs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal Ideation Among Persons With Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study at Outpatient Clinics in Iraq","authors":"Maha Sulaiman Younis,&nbsp;Marwa Mohamed Kamal,&nbsp;S. M. Yasir Arafat","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70517","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mental illness is an important risk factor for suicidal ideation. However, little has been known about the burden and associated factors of suicidal ideation among persons with psychiatric disorders in Iraq. We aim to investigate the rate and the associated demographic and clinical factors of suicidal ideation among persons with mental illness in Iraq.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected from 388 persons with mental disorders from psychiatric outpatient clinics in Baghdad in 2023 for this cross-sectional study. The instrument contained socio-demographic and clinical variables, and the <i>Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale</i> (C-SSRS). A descriptive analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test to determine the relationships in which a significance level of 0.05 was considered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 388 respondents, 67% were males, and about half of the patients were younger than 40 years old. Affective (49.8%) and psychotic disorders (17.5%) were the most common mental disorders. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 37.1% in the last year. The majority of suicidal ideation fell into a low severity range on the C-SSRS, particularly for patients who had no prior history of suicidal behavior. Suicidal ideation was significantly associated with female gender, crowded accommodations experiencing recent psychological trauma, presence of a family history of mental disorder, and family history of suicidal behavior.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suicidal ideation was present in more than one-third of persons with psychiatric disorders. Policy-level implications could be warranted during regular appointments of psychiatric patients to identify risky individuals in outpatient settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}