Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 8, Issue 4","authors":"João Luiz Langer Manica,&nbsp;Raul Ivo Rossi Filho,&nbsp;Carlos Augusto Cardoso Pedra,&nbsp;Fabio Vieira Caovilla,&nbsp;Francisco Chamié,&nbsp;Carlo Benatti Pilla,&nbsp;Pablo Thomé,&nbsp;Vinicius Fraga,&nbsp;Marcelo Ribeiro,&nbsp;Germana Cerqueira Coimbra,&nbsp;João Henrique Aramayo Rossi,&nbsp;Ênio Guerios,&nbsp;João Vitor Slaviero,&nbsp;Santiago Raul Arrieta","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70827","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the article <i>Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation In Native Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Using Myval™ Without Pre-Stenting</i> by João Luiz Langer Manica et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70598.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70827","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Clinical Efficacy of Perforator Pedicled V-Y Flap and Perforator Pedicled Propeller Flap in Repairing Small Area Soft Tissue Defects: A Retrospective Comparative Study","authors":"Zhe-Ming Cao,&nbsp;Yan Yang,&nbsp;Yu Xiao,&nbsp;Li-Ming Qing,&nbsp;Ju-Yu Tang,&nbsp;Pan-Feng Wu","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70693","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Primary medical institutions commonly employ perforator-pedicled propeller (PPP) flaps and V-Y flaps as the main methods for managing small soft tissue defects resulting from trauma or lesion resection. However, both surgical techniques have inherent limitations. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the feasibility of utilizing perforator-pedicled (PP) V-Y flaps for reconstructing small area soft tissue defects and evaluate their clinical effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study conducted a retrospective analysis from January 2010 to December 2022, involving 49 patients with small soft tissue defects resulting from trauma or lesion resection (21 PP V-Y flaps and 28 PPP flaps). Evaluation criteria encompassed intraoperative conditions, postoperative short- and long-term complications, and aesthetic outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this study showed that all flaps in the PP V-Y flap group survived, while six cases in the PPP flap group had partial necrosis. The donor area was closed directly in one stage for the group of perforator pedicled V-Y flaps, while skin grafting was required to repair the donor area for eight cases from the group of PPP flaps, leading to delayed healing in this region. Furthermore, aesthetic evaluation favored PP V-Y flaps as they exhibited significantly better appearances in both donor and recipient areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, compared to the PPP flap, the PP V-Y flap demonstrates superior outcomes with regard to reduced postoperative complications and enhanced aesthetic appearance. PP V-Y flap is an ideal technique for repairing small soft tissue defects of limbs, which is suitable for implementation in primary medical institutions.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Level of evidence:</b> III, Case–control study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70693","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Conventional Pap Smear and Liquid-Based Cytology","authors":"Kldiashvili Ekaterina,&nbsp;Khuntsaria Irakli,&nbsp;Kekelia Elene,&nbsp;Mamiseishvili Ana,&nbsp;Abuladze Mariam","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70768","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cervical cancer is a major health issue globally, particularly in developing countries where it remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. In Georgia, it ranks as the fifth most frequent cancer among women overall and the third among women aged 15−44 years. Approximately 1.60 million women aged 15 years and older in Georgia are at risk of developing cervical cancer. Annually, about 327 women are diagnosed, and 204 die from the disease. Screening for cervical cancer is crucial for reducing incidence and mortality rates. While the conventional Pap smear has been the primary screening method, its limitations in sensitivity and sample adequacy have led to the development of liquid-based cytology (LBC).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Materials and Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study analyzed 1000 cervical cytology samples from women aged 18−65 years in Georgia, who were gynecologically asymptomatic and not vaccinated for HPV. The median age was 37 years. Informed consent was obtained for all participants. Samples were collected using ThinPrep reagents (Hologic) and processed within 2 h. Smears were prepared using the ThinPrep 2000 Processor, fixed in absolute alcohol for 30 min, and stained according to the Papanicolaou protocol. The Bethesda 2001 System terminology was used for reporting. Smears were evaluated by light microscopy and archived per Georgian medical data requirements.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study found significant differences between the two screening methods. LBC showed a higher rate of satisfactory smears and better detection rates for negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy—NILM (89.4% vs. 80.3% for conventional Pap smear). Unsatisfactory smears were significantly lower with LBC (1.33% vs. 7.33%). Detection rates for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) were also improved with LBC, indicating higher diagnostic accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;LBC outperforms the conventional Pap smear in cervical cancer screening by providing higher sample adequacy, better detection rates, and greater diagnostic accuracy. Implementing LBC more widely in Georgia could enhance early detection rates and reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality, particularly in high-risk populations. These findings support the adoption of L","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70768","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehabilitation Professionals' Self-Perceived Competence in Safe Patient Handling and Mobility Methods Before and After Training: A Cohort Study","authors":"Jeanette Melin,&nbsp;Nicola Parmelund,&nbsp;Magnus Johansson","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70755","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address knowledge gaps in safe patient handling and mobility methods (SPHMM) among rehabilitation professionals in Sweden, a national knowledge center, HMC, provides training on SPHMM. The study's aim was to report on outcomes at 3 months after training in terms of self-perceived competence in SPHMM and self-perceived utility of acquired competence in SPHMM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Training participants (occupational therapists and physiotherapists) completed a study-specific questionnaire, with 1065 doing so at 3 weeks before the training and 389 at 3 months after training. Linear mixed models were used for analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-perceived competence improved significantly at 3 months after training (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Occupational therapists, specifically, and rehabilitation professionals generally with less clinical experience reported greater improvement compared to physiotherapists and those with longer experience (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Rehabilitation professionals overall with shorter clinical experience also reported higher self-perceived utility of the acquired SPHMM competence (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), but occupational therapists and physiotherapists did not differ significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.369).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among rehabilitation professionals, greater self-perceived competence and self-perceived utility of the acquired competence in SPHMM is possible after HMC training. Improvements were greater for those with shorter clinical experience. By enhancing competence among rehabilitation professionals, HMC training has the potential to advance working person-centered and efficient transfer practices in interdisciplinary care settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70755","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection in Bronchiectasis: A Narrative Review of Current Status and Future","authors":"Masaki Fujita","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70749","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection and bronchiectasis are two distinct respiratory conditions, but bronchiectasis and pulmonary NTM infections are closely associated. NTM can cause bronchiectasis. However, bronchiectasis can create a favorable environment for NTM colonization and exacerbate the progression of NTM. Managing both conditions typically requires a comprehensive approach that addresses infection and the underlying structural lung damage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To perform this review, the author retrieved and assessed relevant articles related to NTM and bronchiectasis that have been published to date from databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this review, the close relationship between pulmonary NTM and bronchiectasis is described from the viewpoints of diagnosis, epidemiology, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, host susceptibility, females and NTM, and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Timely diagnosis and management of NTM infections, especially in individuals with underlying risk factors, are essential to prevent disease progression and improve the quality of life of affected individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Usage Among Non-Diabetic Healthcare Providers: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Country Study","authors":"Abdulqadir J. Nashwan,&nbsp;Hana J. Abukhadijah,&nbsp;Vidusha Karavadi,&nbsp;Ibrahim Aqtam,&nbsp;Anas Ibraheem,&nbsp;Prakash Palanivelu,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Khedr,&nbsp;Abdulkarim O. Agga,&nbsp;Obaid Ur Rehman,&nbsp;Eeshal Fatima,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Abu Asal,&nbsp;Rana Abutaima,&nbsp;Marwa M. Shaban,&nbsp;Mostafa Shaban,&nbsp;Muna Barakat,&nbsp;Nasser M. Aldosari,&nbsp;Albara M. Alomari,&nbsp;Adham A. Aljariri,&nbsp;Nabeel F. Al-Lobaney,&nbsp;Mutaz I. Othman,&nbsp;Ahmad A. Abujaber,&nbsp;Kholoud Bastaki","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70638","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background and Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) were initially developed for type 2 diabetes but have gained widespread use for weight management, including among non-diabetic individuals. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of GLP-1RA use, describe usage patterns, and explore healthcare providers' (HCPs) perceptions of their efficacy and safety.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A cross-sectional study was conducted among 657 HCPs from 10 countries using a structured online survey between September and December 2023. Convenience sampling was employed, statistical analyses were performed using STATA 17. Associations between demographic characteristics and perceptions of GLP-1RAs were analyzed using the chi-square test.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Among 657 HCPs, 59.2% were female and 40.8% were male, with a median age of 36.0 years (IQR: 29.0–44.0) and a median BMI of 26.7 (IQR: 23.8–30.7). Among professional groups, nurses accounted for 44.7%, followed by physicians (36.2%) and allied health professionals (18.7%). Semaglutide (45.7%, 95% CI: 41.8%−49.5%) was the most commonly used GLP-1RA, followed by Liraglutide (36.9%, 95% CI: 33.2%−40.8%). Other GLP-1RAs were used less frequently, including Dulaglutide (17.0%, 95% CI: 14.2%−20.1%), Exenatide (14.1%, 95% CI: 11.5%−17.0%), Albiglutide (7.0%, 95% CI: 5.1%−9.2%), and Lixisenatide (8.5%, 95% CI: 6.5%−10.9%. Regarding perceived safety, 68.6% considered GLP-1RAs safe. Safety perceptions were significantly associated with educational level (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.022), with participants holding higher degrees being more likely to perceive GLP-1RAs as unsafe (18.3%) compared to those with a bachelor's degree or lower (10.8%). No associations were found with age (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.487), sex (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.729), or BMI (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.089). Similarly, 73.5% of participants considered GLP-1RAs effective for perceived efficacy. No associations were found with sex (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.663) or BMI (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.446). Older participants (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.011) and those with higher education (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006) were more likely to perceive GLP-1RAs as ineffective.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study provides the first prevalence estimate of GLP-1RA use among HCPs and GLP1-Ras users and explores the associations between demographic characteristics and perceptions of safety and efficacy. The findings highlight the self-prescribing practices of these medications for weight management and underscore the need for appropriate monitor","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70638","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Talus Position Correlates With Dorsiflexion Range of Motion Following a Lateral Ankle Sprain","authors":"Syed Hassan Ali,&nbsp;Shanza Shakir,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70762","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We have read the article published by Toyooka et al., titled &lt;i&gt;“Talus Position Correlates With Dorsiflexion Range of Motion Following a Lateral Ankle Sprain: A Cross-Sectional Study”&lt;/i&gt; (Health Science Reports, 2025) [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. In this study, the authors ideally highlighted the correlation between anterior talus deviation and dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) followed by lateral ankle sprain. There are some limitations that we want to emphasize to further magnify this novel topic;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, the sample size of the study is only 36 patients, principally consisting of young age, which limits the findings to other age groups with varying physical activity, and also does not clarify the grading of sprain. The Wisthoff et al. cross-sectional study, which has a sample size of over 36, offers important information about this relationship. Acute lateral ankle sprains occurred in 55 of the 108 participants in the Wisthoff et al. study. DFROM was found to have increased over time, suggesting a trend toward recovery. The study discovered that following an acute lateral ankle sprain, mechanical laxity and DFROM change over time, with significant variations in DFROM between sprain grades. In contrast to those with grade I sprains, participants with grade III sprains showed less DFROM, indicating that more severe sprains may result in more dorsiflexion restrictions because of altered talus positioning [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, this study keenly concentrates on the correlation between the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and DFROM through an MRI assessment; it did not give ideas about other ligaments like the posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). Ultrasound and dynamic assessments can evaluate the correlation between talus position and dorsiflexion range of motion after a lateral ankle sprain. The effects of ligament injuries on ankle mechanics are revealed by these methods. Ultrasound allows a clear view of the lateral ligament complex and other lesions, which is essential for understanding talus position changes and dorsiflexion range of motion. Ultrasound can detect ATFL, PTFL, and CFL injuries, which affect ankle stability and talus position. Ultrasound can detect isolated ATFL injuries and those with ligament injuries, giving a complete ankle assessment [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, this study did not determine the intensity of pain. Studies examining the impact of mobilization techniques on ankle sprains have shown that the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is commonly used to numerically assess the intensity of pain during dorsiflexion movements. This scale is frequently used to gauge how painful dorsiflexion movements are for people with lateral ankle sprains. It offers a measurable indicator of pain, making it possible to evaluate how much pain has changed after mobilization and other interventions [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In addition, this study evaluates the talus deviation only in non-","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Music Therapy on Postoperative Pain and Agitation During Septorhinoplasty: A Blinded Clinical Trial","authors":"Sevil Nasirmohtaram,&nbsp;Maryam Akbari,&nbsp;Mir Mohammad Jalali,&nbsp;Arman Parvizi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70716","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It has been shown that patients who need surgery, such as septorhinoplasty candidates, suffer from unbearable pain during and after surgery. One of the main considerations of the surgeons for these patients is making them experience a pleasant, comfortable, and painless intervention during septorhinoplasty utilizing nonpharmacological or pharmacological approaches. This study aimed to investigate the antianxiety and analgesic effects of listening to music as a nonpharmacological method in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty with general anesthesia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this randomized controlled clinical trial study, 80 patients who were candidates for septorhinoplasty were randomly categorized into the case (with music) and control groups (without music) from May to September 2022. STATA Version 14.0 (StataCorp) was used for the statistical analysis of the acquired data. Pain perception and agitation were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Sedation-Agitation Scale (SAS), respectively, and compared between the two groups during the early postoperative period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the baseline SAS score in the two groups was similar, findings showed a significantly lower score in the intervention group in recovery units (<i>t</i>-test 4.30, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The mean VAS was 0.8 ± 1.18 and 1.87 ± 1.13 in the intervention and control groups, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The satisfaction level of those patients in the intervention group was demonstrated during the procedure of the intervention. However, there was no significant difference between the control and intervention groups for hemodynamic parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Music therapy during surgical procedures can postoperatively simplify the optimized postsurgical outcomes for patients undergoing septorhinoplasty.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20210307050609N2)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Unclean Cooking Fuel Use and Hearing Problems Among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years, a Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Robert C. MacKinnon,&nbsp;Lee Smith,&nbsp;Guillermo F. López Sánchez,&nbsp;Damiano Pizzol,&nbsp;Peter Allen,&nbsp;Saima Rajasingam,&nbsp;Shahina Pardhan,&nbsp;Pinar Soysal,&nbsp;Nicola Veronese,&nbsp;Laurie Butler,&nbsp;Yvonne Barnett,&nbsp;Hans Oh,&nbsp;Jae Il Shin,&nbsp;Ai Koyanagi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70717","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Literature suggests that outdoor air pollutant exposure is associated with hearing problems, but examination of this link has not extended to any potential association between hearing ability and the use of unclean cooking fuels. The current paper investigates whether such a link exists, utilizing a large sample of older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where such fuels are commonly used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. This is a nationally representative and cross-sectional data set collected for the World Health Organization for residents of South Africa, China, Ghana, India, Mexico, and Russia. A range of “unclean” cooking fuels were assessed, namely agriculture or crop, animal dung, coal or charcoal, Kerosene or paraffin, shrubs or grass, and wood. Hearing problems referred to the interviewer-rated presence of this condition. Statistical analysis was done using multivariable logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present work analyzed data from 14,585 individuals aged ≥ 65 years [mean (SD) age 72.6 (11.5) years; 55.0% females]. In the overall sample and in the final adjusted model, unclean cooking fuel use was associated with a significantly increased risk of hearing problems (OR = 1.68 (95% CI = 1.22–2.30). This association was significant for females (OR = 2.36; 95% CI = 1.53–3.63) but not for males (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 0.79–1.81).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unclean cooking fuel use is associated with an increased risk of hearing problems among adult residents of LMICs over 65 years of age, particularly among females. Findings from this study support the development of Sustainable Development Goal 7 (United Nations), which advocates for fairer and more sustainable access to modern energy, as well as a means to prevent avoidable hearing problems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Double-Blind Randomized Study of Two Doses of Oral Isotretinoin in the Treatment of Recalcitrant Facial Flat Warts: Impact on Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression","authors":"María Guadalupe Olguín-García,&nbsp;María Luisa Peralta-Pedrero,&nbsp;Martha Alejandra Morales-Sánchez,&nbsp;Elisa Vega-Memije,&nbsp;Víctor Manuel Bautista-de Lucio","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70684","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recalcitrant facial flat warts are caused by human papillomavirus and may persist for years despite treatment. Oral isotretinoin administered at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day is effective and safe. However, the adverse effects reported are dose-dependent behaviors and they could limit their use. We aim to compare the efficacy and safety of two doses of oral isotretinoin for the treatment of recalcitrant facial flat warts and to assess the quality of life, anxiety, and depression in the individuals studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Isotretinoin 0.3 mg/kg/day or isotretinoin 0.5 mg/kg/day was administered to 21 and 19 adult patients, respectively, in a double-blind, randomized fashion for 12 weeks. Cutaneous lesions were assessed, and adverse events, including serologic changes, were recorded. It is considered that warts were recalcitrant if the patient was treated for at least 3 years with at least two of the following options: retinoids, 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, and cryotherapy. In addition, quality of life, anxiety, and depression were assessed at the beginning and end of follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the isotretinoin 0.3 mg/kg/day group, 35% of the patients had a complete response, and 66% had a partial response, while in the isotretinoin 0.5 mg/kg/day group, 73.7% presented a complete response, and 26.31% presented a partial response (<i>p</i> = 0.015). The most frequent adverse event was cheilitis. There was an elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (<i>p</i> = 0.020) and total bilirubin (<i>p</i> = 0.015) in the isotretinoin 0.5 mg/kg/day group. Improvement in the quality-of-life score (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) and a reduction in the anxiety (<i>p</i> = 0.00) score was observed in both groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral isotretinoin at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day is safe and effective for the treatment of recalcitrant facial flat warts in adults, with lower recurrence rates than 0.3 mg/kg/day. Prolonged treatment with isotretinoin for over 12 weeks in adults can increase the overall response rate.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> Registry of ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NTC04290572; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70684","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}