Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Time to Death and Predictors of Mortality in Neonates Admitted to Tibebe Ghion Referral Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study.","authors":"Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye, Maru Birhanu Addis, Kindie Fentahun Muchie","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The first 28 days of life, the neonatal period, represent a phase of heightened vulnerability for infant survival globally. Despite advancements in medical interventions and increased healthcare access, a substantial number of newborns continue to succumb to preventable causes annually. This study aimed to ascertain the time to death and its associated factors among neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective follow-up design was employed, encompassing 385 neonates admitted to the NICU of Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital between September 11, 2022 and September 5, 2023. Data were extracted from patient records using a standardized checklist. The outcome was time to death, with surviving neonates considered censored. Data were analyzed using STATA version 17. Kaplan-Meier survival curves analyses were used to estimate the probability of death over time. A Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to identify independent predictors of neonatal mortality. Variables with a <i>p</i> value < 0.05 in the multivariable Cox regression were deemed statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 385 neonates, 12.73% experienced mortality, yielding an incidence rate of 43.80 deaths per 1000 neonatal days (95% CI: 0.03-0.06). The median time to death for neonates was 7 days (95% CI: 6.00, 8.00). After multivariable adjustment, respiratory distress syndrome (Adjusted Hazard Ratio [AHR]: 3.00; 95% CI: 1.27-7.75), congenital anomalies (AHR: 2.90; 95% CI: 1.42-5.91), very low birth weight (AHR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.18-5.28), and gestational diabetes mellitus (AHR: 4.00; 95% CI: 1.76-9.67) were identified as significant independent predictors of neonatal death.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of neonatal mortality observed in this setting was notable. Respiratory distress syndrome, congenital anomalies, very low birth weight, and gestational diabetes mellitus were found to be independently associated with an increased risk of neonatal death.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal Female Genital Mutilation and High Burden of Infibulation in Mogadishu: Cross-Sectional Study on Severity, Types, and Associated Factors Among Adolescent Girls in Somalia.","authors":"Ahmed Abdinasir Abdule, Mohamed Abdirahim Omar, Gallad Dahir Hassan, Farah Abdille Hassan, Hana Mohamed Shidane, Nuradin Abdullahi Sheikh Rashid, Abdisalam Hassan Muse, Omar Salad Elmi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the prevalence, determinants, types, severity, and perceived health consequences of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) among adolescent girls aged 12-19 in Mogadishu, Somalia. The primary objective was to quantify the burden of different FGM types and identify socio-cultural predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with 418 adolescent girls in four districts using a multi-stage cluster sampling method between March 2024 and June 2024. Data were classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of FGM severity. Multivariable ordered logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with severity, reporting adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed a universal FGM prevalence (100%, <i>n</i> = 418/418) among participants. The most common form was Type I (67.0%, <i>n</i> = 280/418), followed by Type III (infibulation) (24.9%, <i>n</i> = 104/418) and Type II (8.1%, <i>n</i> = 34/418). Multivariate analysis revealed that higher maternal education was a significant protective factor. Compared to daughters of illiterate mothers, those whose mothers had primary education (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17-0.76; <i>p</i> = 0.008) or university-level education (AOR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.19-0.93; <i>p</i> = 0.03) had lower odds of undergoing more severe FGM. Conversely, adolescents reporting no peer influence regarding FGM had significantly higher odds of experiencing more severe types (AOR = 3.86; 95% CI: 1.75-8.52; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FGM is a universal practice among adolescent girls in Mogadishu, with a concerningly high prevalence of infibulation. Maternal education is a critical protective factor. Eradication efforts must prioritize female secondary and tertiary education and challenge the internalized social norms that sustain the practice, without external peer pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Dextromethorphan Augmentation in SSRI-Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ahmad Zolghadriha, Afagh Anjomshoaa, Romina Bagheri","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition associated with marked functional impairment and high rates of treatment resistance. Converging evidence implicates glutamatergic dysregulation in OCD pathophysiology. Dextromethorphan (DXM), an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist with additional monoaminergic and sigma-1 receptor activity, may modulate this system. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of DXM augmentation in adults with moderate to severe OCD receiving stable SSRI treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial 40 adults with moderate to severe OCD (Y-BOCS > 16) and inadequate response to at least 12 weeks of adequate-dose SSRI monotherapy were assigned to DXM (15 mg twice daily) or matched placebo, in addition to their ongoing SSRI, for 12 weeks. OCD symptom severity was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) at baseline, week 4, and week 12. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine changes over time. The primary outcome was the time × group interaction in Y-BOCS. Secondary outcomes were not assessed. Trial registration: IRCT20221227056943N1; Ethics approval: IR.ZUMS.REC.1401.236.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between groups. The DXM group showed a significant reduction in Y-BOCS scores from 26.55 ± 6.19 at baseline to 16.30 ± 6.94 at week 12, whereas the placebo group remained relatively unchanged. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction (<i>p</i> < 0.001, partial <i>η</i>² = 0.662) and significant main effects of both group (<i>p</i> = 0.042) and time (<i>p</i> < 0.001). DXM was well tolerated with no side effects. No secondary outcomes were measured in this pilot study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dextromethorphan augmentation significantly reduced OCD symptom severity in patients with partial response to SSRIs, supporting its potential role as an adjunctive treatment. These findings warrant larger, longer-term trials to confirm efficacy, determine optimal dosing, and clarify neurobiological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth Weight Stratification May Clarify Developmental Effects of Parent-Delivered Interventions in Preterm Infants: Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Yudai Kaneda","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral Mechanisms and Drug Influences on Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) Pathway in Human Coronaviruses Infection: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Esimebia Adjovi Amegashie, Ruth Oyawole Sikeola, Caleb Koranteng Kwayisi-Darkwah, Gabriel Atampugbire, Emmanuel Ayitey Tagoe, Elijah Paintsil, Kwasi Torpey, Osbourne Quaye","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Janus kinases/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is crucial for various stages of immunity, from innate to adaptive responses. Type 1 IFNs activate JAK/STAT pathway by binding to receptors on JAK, phosphorylating STAT and upregulating interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) leading to cytokines production. Viruses, however, have developed mechanisms to prevent antiviral type I IFNs induction, resulting in active viral replication. This study seeks to review viral mechanisms, drug influences, and vitamin D supplements affecting the JAK/STAT pathway in human coronavirus infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature searches were conducted across Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The study included all publications that satisfied the PRISMA criteria, were written in English, and fell within a 10-year window from July 2014 to June 2024. Forty-seven (47) studies satisfied the requirement for selection, out of which 31 studies were on viral mechanism, 12 were on drug interaction, and 2 were on vitamin D supplements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is consistent evidence of viral proteins, including ORF6, ORF8, spike, NSP14, NSP 1, and N of human coronaviruses disrupting the JAK/STAT pathway. Ruxolitinib, baricitinib, and Liantua Qingwen capsules have, however, been shown to stabilize the pathway by attacking viral proteins, inhibiting some pro-inflammatory cytokines, and downregulating STAT components to lessen cytokine storm, during hyperinflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This finding emphasizes the need for controlled regulation of JAK/STAT pathway to address coronavirus infections and immune disruptions, with continued research essential in developing targeted treatment against present and future viral threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea and Its Association With Dietary Habits Among Female Students of Mid-West University, Surkhet, Nepal: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Rashmi Pant, Mamta Verma, Rima Mishra, Ganesh Bhandari","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological condition affecting young women and is associated with reduced academic performance and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and examine its association with dietary habits among female students at Mid-West University, Surkhet, Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analytical cross-sectional design conducted from 29 October 2023 to 30 November, 2023, and data were collected from 207 menstruating bachelor-level students using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and standard anthropometric measurements. Pain severity was assessed using a Visual Analog Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 88.4% (183/207), and nearly half of affected students (43.7%) experienced severe menstrual pain. Family history of dysmenorrhea demonstrated a significant association with pain severity (<i>p</i> = 0.004), suggesting hereditary influence, whereas menstrual characteristics including age at menarche, cycle regularity, and bleeding duration were not associated with pain intensity. Dietary practices, including meal frequency, food avoidance during menstruation, frequency of consumption of major food groups, and nutritional status based on Body Mass Index, did not show significant associations with dysmenorrhea severity. Self-care practices such as sleep (26.3%), heat therapy (24.8%), and warm beverages (15.2%) were the most commonly used pain-relief methods, while medical consultation remained low (19.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings highlight dysmenorrhea as a substantial health concern among university students and indicate that biological and familial factors may play a more influential role in pain severity than dietary behaviors. Strengthening menstrual health education, improving access to evidence-based pain management, and integrating menstrual health support within university services are essential to reduce the academic and psychosocial burden of dysmenorrhea among young women in Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Self-Reported Myopia Among Undergraduate Students in the Northern Region of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Tajin Ahmed Jisa, Jyoti Shree Roy, Isteaq Kabir Sifat, Md Sabuj Ali, Farhana Hasan, Md Golam Hossain, Md Kaderi Kibria","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Myopia is an increasingly important public health concern worldwide, particularly among young adults. While previous research has applied machine learning techniques to identify myopia-related risk factors, evidence based on traditional statistical models using the same datasets remains limited. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of self-reported myopia and examine its associated factors among undergraduate students in the northern region of Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis utilized cross-sectional data originally collected between May 17 and June 17, 2024, from 514 undergraduate students enrolled in various academic disciplines. The original study employed a two-stage sampling technique and collected information using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and lifestyle behaviors. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate prevalence, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with myopia. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of self-reported myopia among the participants was 43.2%. Factors significantly associated with myopia included a family history of myopia (OR: 5.12; 95% CI: 3.22-8.13), premature birth (OR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.25-6.03), visual stress (OR: 3.65; 95% CI: 2.37-5.12), uncertain response to visual stress (OR: 4.15; 95% CI: 2.25-6.76) and steroid use (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.13-4.33). The logistic regression model demonstrated good discriminative ability, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.836.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This secondary data analysis indicates a high prevalence of myopia among undergraduate students in the northern region of Bangladesh. Several modifiable and non-modifiable factors, particularly family history, visual stress, and steroid use, were significantly associated with myopia. These findings underscore the importance of targeted public health strategies and support the use of traditional regression models as a transparent and interpretable alternative to machine learning approaches in epidemiological research.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Society and the Microbiome: A Biopsychosocial Window Into Comprehensive Well-Being: A Review.","authors":"Jing Li, Yang Yang, Yufeng Wang, Ji'An Liu, Xufeng Huang, Zhengrui Li, Ju Li","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>In addition to biological factors, human social behavior, societal structures, and environmental contexts significantly influence the human microbiome. This review examines how socially relevant factors relate to the microbiome to clarify underlying mechanisms and health impacts, aiming to inform effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We synthesized relevant literature from PubMed using a biopsychosocial framework, integrating structural socio-political and contextual factors to elucidate interactions between social behavior and the microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>Social behavior shapes the microbiome through complex biological, psychological, and socio‑cultural pathways, with health consequences involving immune, mental, and metabolic functions. Future research should clarify the fundamental drivers of this relationship, identify individual differences, and employ longitudinal designs to measure sustained effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 5","pages":"e72162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance and Treatment Efficacy of Delamanid Against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Md Mahmudul Islam, Md Zahid Hasan, Md Touki Tahamid Tusar, Md Yeamin Hossain, Md Motaher Hossain, Md Abdulla Al Jubayed, Md Jubaer-Al-Abedin, Sheikh Soikot, Shanzida Akther, Jahid Bhuyian, Hafizur Rahman Gazi, B M Mahmudul Hasan, Md Shofiul Azam, Md Enamul Haque, Abdullah-Al-Jubayer, Md Faruk Hasan, F M Ali Haydar, Md Khalekuzzaman, Md Torequl Islam, Sohel Hasan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, and treatment progress is increasingly threatened by rising multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Delamanid (DLM), a nitroimidazole drug, has shown good efficacy and safety against both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>Mtb</i>) strains. However, data on its resistance mechanisms, drug susceptibility testing (DST), clinical effectiveness, safety, and pharmacokinetics remain limited. This review aims to summarize the most recent molecular, structural, and clinical evidence related to DLM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was performed using WHO publications and major scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Studies published through 2024 and early 2025 on DLM resistance, mechanisms of action, DST, pharmacokinetics, safety, and treatment outcomes were included. Structural analyses of key proteins involved in DLM activation were carried out using crystal structures and AlphaFold models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recent research identified multiple mutations in the F420-dependent activation pathway, particularly in <i>ddn</i>, <i>fgd1</i>, <i>fbiA</i>, <i>fbiB</i>, <i>fbiC</i>, and <i>fbiD</i> that contribute to DLM resistance. Structural modeling demonstrated how these mutations affect protein stability and cofactor binding. Clinical studies showed that DLM-containing regimens improve culture conversion and treatment success, especially when combined with oral agents such as bedaquiline and linezolid. Safety data indicate that DLM is generally well tolerated, with QT prolongation being the main but manageable adverse effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DLM is an important and effective component of MDR-/XDR-TB treatment. A clearer understanding of its resistance mechanisms, pharmacological properties, and clinical outcomes can support better regimen design and help prevent the development of further resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"e72481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Coracoacromial Ligament Thickness on Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.","authors":"Pooneh Dehghan, Seyedhassan Langari, Fatemeh Ghiasi, Mojtaba Majdifar, Mohammad Hassabi, Fereshteh Fahim Dejban, Donya Moshrefiaraghi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.72021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. This study explored the association between coracoacromial ligament (CAL) thickness and SIS using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional MRI-based observational study involved 47 patients aged 18-70 years with shoulder pain. T2 fat-saturated sagittal MRI views were used to measure CAL thickness at proximal and distal portions by two radiologists. Statistical analyses included <i>t</i>-tests, <i>χ</i> ² tests, and Pearson's correlation, with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean proximal CAL thickness was 1.24 mm (SD = 0.44 mm), and distal thickness was 1.50 mm (SD = 0.72 mm). Patients with SIS had significantly greater thickness at proximal (1.36 mm vs. 1.05 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.002, <i>d</i> = 0.82) and distal (1.78 mm vs. 1.12 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.39-0.93). Males showed greater distal thickness (1.62 mm) than females (1.34 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.04, <i>d</i> = 0.45). Age did not correlate with thickness (<i>p</i> > 0.71). Subacromial bursitis (70.21%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and acromioclavicular (AC) joint osteophytes (68.09%, <i>p</i> = 0.003) were prevalent and associated with SIS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAL thickness, particularly at the distal portion, was strongly associated with SIS, independent of age but varying by gender. Measuring CAL thickness may aid SIS diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"9 5","pages":"e72021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}