Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Cardiac Toxicity Under Concurrent Administration of Trastuzumab (Anti-HER2 Therapy) and Radiotherapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Ali Jabbari,&nbsp;Elham Mousavi,&nbsp;Majid Nikoubin-Boroujeni,&nbsp;Shabnam Tabasi,&nbsp;Nazila Arjmandi,&nbsp;Noura Ghelishli,&nbsp;Zahra Arab-Bafrani","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70966","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concomitant administration of trastuzumab (Tra) and radiotherapy (RT) has been known as an effective strategy for treating HER2-positive breast cancer (HER2⁺ BC) patients. Studies have investigated the incidence of cardiotoxicity due to this concomitant treatment, but the results are conflicting. This systematic review and meta-analysis study evaluated the cardiac toxicity occurrence in patients undergoing Tra + RT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review was conducted on the databases of PubMed, WOS, and Scopus up to 2024. The decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from baseline was assessed as a cardiac toxicity indicator, LVEF reduction Grade 1 (LVEF 60%–50%), Grade 2 (LVEF 50%–40%), and Grade 3 (LVEF 40%–20%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven studies meeting defined criteria were included in this investigation. This study examined the prevalence of LVEF-grade 1–3 in HER2⁺ BC patients undergoing concurrent treatment with Tra and RT. The combined results showed a prevalence of decreased LVEF in Grades 1–3 as 21.4%, 4%, and 1%, respectively, with statistical significance (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Thus, among patients experiencing decreased LVEF, 70% were Grade 1, 25% were Grade 2, and 5% were Grade 3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapy and RT may accumulate and lead to heart failure so early diagnosis methods are advised. Concurrent RT with Tra is well-tolerated clinically, and coadministration does not significantly raise primary cardiotoxicity. Cardiac toxicity may occur in some patients, requiring long-term follow-up to assess the impact of combining Tra and RT on heart function and its correlation with patient prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70966","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Letter to the Editor: Talus Position Correlates With Dorsiflexion Range of Motion Following a Lateral Ankle Sprain: A Cross-Sectional Study”","authors":"Ahmad Furqan Anjum,&nbsp;Hammad Manzoor,&nbsp;Muhammad Abdullah","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70936","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;I want to applaud Toyooka et al. for their recent article “&lt;i&gt;Talus Position Correlates With Dorsiflexion Range of Motion Following a Lateral Ankle Sprain: A Cross-Sectional Study&lt;/i&gt;” in Health Science Reports [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. This piece answers a clinically relevant and often underinvestigated question in the field of musculoskeletal rehabilitation—the biomechanical relationship between anterior talar displacement and limited ankle dorsiflexion after lateral ankle sprain. The authors should be praised for elucidating such a correlation using MRI measurements, adding an objective dimension to assessing post-injury joint mechanics. Their thorough design and contribution are especially useful for clinicians and researchers interested in maximizing early intervention for recurrent ankle instability. This study sets a solid base for furthering the knowledge of ankle joint kinematics and addresses an important step toward customized rehabilitation. However, a few aspects of their study warrant closer examination before the conclusions drawn can be fully endorsed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, static MRI within the non-weight-bearing position measures anterior talar displacement. It does not account for dynamic joint mechanics under functional movement, such as load under dorsiflexion or gait. As restrictions of dorsiflexion usually occur under load, the correlation between talus position and ROM will be underestimated or misinterpreted. For example, Tavana et al. [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;] point out that passive and active joint interactions cannot be differentiated using static MRI and that Digital Volume Correlation techniques with weight-bearing MRI for real-time strain analysis under joint loading should be used. Therefore, future studies should incorporate dynamic weight-bearing MRI or 3D DVC techniques to measure talar position under functional tasks for greater ecological validity. Second, the study considers that dorsiflexion ROM depends only on the tibiotalar joint. Subtalar joint instability or limitations, nevertheless, may greatly influence the measurement of dorsiflexion. This simplifies joint biomechanics too much, perhaps pointing to limitations of motion indirectly through talar alignment at the tibiotalar joint. For example, Mittlmeier and Wichelhaus [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;] proved that locking or instability of the subtalar joint changes the biomechanics of the foot and reproduces or enhances restrictions of dorsiflexion in the ankle. Therefore, the subsequent studies should incorporate subtalar joint examination based on either clinical or imaging techniques, like subtalar tilt or stress radiography, for the separation of actual limitations of dorsiflexion in the ankle joint. Third, although the study describes how WBLT was measured on both sides and how WBLT differences (WBLTD) were determined, it doesn't report any control of, or standardization for, foot position (pronation/supination), tibial rotation, or height of the arch during the test. There should also","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70936","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prison Suicide in Bangladesh: A News Content Analysis","authors":"S. M. Yasir Arafat","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70951","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Prison is a blind spot for mental health services and suicide estimates in Bangladesh. The latest census estimates revealed that there is a population of about 170 million in Bangladesh [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. The country has 68 prisons with a capacity of 42,887 (October 15, 2024) and an occupancy of 53,831 prisoners at a rate of 125.5% [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. As of September 2023, the number of prisoners was 77,203, with occupancy of about 190%, and on December 09, 2023, the number of prisoners was 84,851, with an occupancy of about 200% [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. The change happened after the ousting of the previous authoritarian government on August 05, 2024, by a mass uprising that has allegations of forced disappearance and political oppression [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. About 4% of the prisoners are female, and more than two-thirds of them are in the pretrial stage. There is no prison mental health system in the country, and usually no provision of visiting mental health professionals to prisons [&lt;span&gt;5, 6&lt;/span&gt;]. Even, there is no established screening system for psychiatric disorders among prisoners of Bangladesh [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]. As of 2022, 137 allocations for medical officers out of 141 are vacant [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Available studies conducted among the prison populations indicate that the prevalence of psychiatric disorders ranged from 66.4% to 100% [&lt;span&gt;4, 6&lt;/span&gt;]. The studies were conducted among both prisoners referred to mental health services and living in the prisons where diagnoses were assigned by clinical interview, structured instruments, and document review in different studies [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Suicide among prisoners in Bangladesh is a rarely attended entity. Little is known about it as there is no publicly available data. Some infrequent media reports are noted without any scientific publications. Therefore, it was aimed to assess suicide among prisoners in Bangladesh to initiate an academic interest and to indicate preventive measures for it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The search identified 20 identical suicides from 43 news reports published in 30 news outlets between 2024 and 2014. Six suicides were identified in 2024, three each in 2020 and 2014, two each in 2023, 2022, and 2021, and one each in 2019 and 2016. Three suicides were found in January, one each in February, May, and July, two each in March, April, June, August, and November and four in October. Suicides were reported in prisons of 14 districts, that is, three each in Brahmanbaria and Sylhet, two each in Barisal and Gazipur, and one each in Chattogram, Cox's Bazar, Jhenidah, Khagrachari, Kishoreganj, Magura, Meherpur, Narayangaj, Sherpur, and Sirajganj.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The mean (±SD) age was 34.8 ( ± 12.2) years, ranged from 22 to 75 years, 90% of the deceased was ≤ 40 years of old, 95% of suicides happened in males, 90% of the suicides happened by hanging, and 65% were in pretrial stage (Table 1). Among the deceased, 50% had charges for murder, three persons were detained for cases related to drugs","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70951","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explaining the Self-Care Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Based on Adverse Childhood Experiences, Subjective Socioeconomic Status, and Mindfulness in Isfahan, Iran","authors":"Mehdi Nosratabadi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70952","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As reported by the World Health Organization, the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes has increased fourfold since 1980, with approximately 422 million individuals affected globally. Projections indicate that the number of people living with Type 2 diabetes could more than double in the next two decades. Given the expected increase in the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in Iran, it is crucial to conduct a thorough investigation to evaluate the primary psychosocial factors associated with individuals suffering from Type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between mindfulness, subjective socioeconomic status (SES), and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the context of self-care practices among Type 2 diabetes patients in Isfahan, Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study involving 350 Type 2 diabetic patients, aged 20–44, was undertaken in 2023. Participants were randomly selected from six comprehensive health centers located in Isfahan. Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) measure, Brown's Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, ACEs module (CDC, 2010), and socio-demographic factors, including age, gender, education, and subjective SES, were employed to collect data. The data was analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study results indicate that 58.6% of all participants reported experiencing at least one ACE, while 50.9% of individuals with Type 2 diabetes exhibited inadequate self-care practices. After adjusting for demographic factors, individuals who reported experiencing one to four ACEs (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17–0.63) and those with six or more ACEs (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.15–0.78) exhibited a higher likelihood of engaging in poor diabetes self-care behaviors compared to those who had no ACEs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research suggests a strong correlation between childhood adversity and suboptimal self-care practices in Type 2 diabetic patients. This finding underscores the importance of collaborative efforts between healthcare and social service organizations to implement effective screening, prevention, and early intervention strategies for individuals with Type 2 diabetes who have experienced ACEs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70952","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytogenetic Abnormalities and Their Impact on Acute Myeloid Leukemia Outcomes Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Retrospective Study","authors":"Amir Abbas Rashidi,&nbsp;Amir Kasaeian,&nbsp;Kamran Alimoghadam,&nbsp;Maryam Noori,&nbsp;Hediyeh Alemi,&nbsp;Ghazal Seghatoleslami,&nbsp;Oveis Salehi,&nbsp;Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Vaezi,&nbsp;Seyed Asadollah Mousavi,&nbsp;Hossein Kamranzadeh,&nbsp;Davood Babakhani,&nbsp;Soroush Rad,&nbsp;Maryam Barkhordar,&nbsp;Sahar Tavakoli Shiraji,&nbsp;Marjan Yaghmaie","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70914","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cytogenetic abnormalities at diagnosis are detected in over half of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of these abnormalities on the outcomes of AML patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in an Iranian cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included 206 AML patients aged over 15 who underwent allogeneic HSCT at a single center. Cytogenetic abnormalities were identified from medical records, and survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS), were assessed across different cytogenetic risk groups. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, sex, donor type, time from diagnosis to transplant, and disease status at transplant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median follow-up duration was 46.75 months. 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 80.0%, 65.9%, and 58.5%, respectively, with significant differences based on cytogenetic risk. Patients with −7, 7q abnormalities, +8, complex karyotype, and monosomal karyotype exhibited shorter OS, classifying them as adverse-risk. Patients with normal karyotype, inversion (16), and t(16;16) were intermediate-risk. LFS at 1, 3, and 5 years was 74.6%, 64.5%, and 54.1%, respectively, with adverse cytogenetic profiles significantly associated with shorter LFS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates the prognostic significance of cytogenetic profiles in Iranian AML patients post-HSCT. Results underscore the importance of cytogenetic stratification in guiding treatment decisions, suggesting that risk-adapted guidelines may benefit specific populations. Future prospective studies on survival outcomes in Iranian AML patients could refine evidence-based treatment guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Universal Healthcare: Addressing the Intricacies of Insurance Reform in Bangladesh","authors":"Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70947","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Reading the letter “Transforming Health Insurance in Bangladesh: A Future-Ready Approach” that was submitted in response to “The Urgent Need for Developing a Common Health Insurance Policy in Bangladesh: A Perspective” [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] inspired me to write this response, and I am grateful to the author(s) for their work.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The author(s) makes a valid and necessary point about the need for a paradigm shift away from traditional state-led models and towards decentralized, technology-driven, behaviorally informed strategies. But while we're looking at the present situation, we must also recognize the government's current efforts and see how they could support or even lay the groundwork for a universal health insurance program that would benefit all citizens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Health Ministry of Bangladesh has announced that the government has initiated a program to offer free medical treatment and medications to the population. The ministry has announced plans to implement 24-h health services at 500 centers and to distribute a healthcare card to each household under the “Shyastha Surokkha Karmasuchi” (SSK) package. This card enhances patient identification at hospital admission and optimizes the payment process by monitoring diagnostic information and service usage; however, it has not been fully implemented yet [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The government's efforts to improve healthcare access and quality are commendable, but they also bring attention to a basic problem. People with lower and medium incomes, as well as those working in the informal economy, are disproportionately impacted by the unequal distribution of resources caused by the tax-based approach that forms the basis of many of these programs. Several economic studies have pointed out that, in Bangladesh, many families continue to struggle financially since out-of-pocket costs make up around 68.5% of overall healthcare spending [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Despite the importance of programs like SSK that offer free services, this circumstance shows that these efforts do not solve the underlying problems with the healthcare funding system, which include structural disparities and financial instability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A shift toward a universal, all-encompassing health insurance system seems essential and advantageous in this light. A strong health insurance system might have two benefits: first, it would help those who can't pay for medical treatment get coverage, and second, it would provide a system for reliable, long-term financing. Germany, France, and Japan are only a few examples of the nations that have demonstrated that social-insurance models may achieve both universal coverage and fair allocation of resources through income-based premiums and required participation [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. The difficulty for Bangladesh comes from trying to apply these models to our own social and economic situation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The large informal sector of the Bangladeshi economy, which has long been exempt from traditional tax a","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70947","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative and Quantitative Blood Cell Disorders Among High-Level Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced Children in Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Dereje Mengesha Berta,&nbsp;Biruk Bayleyegn,&nbsp;Solomon Getawa,&nbsp;Zewudu Mulatie,&nbsp;Tiruneh Adane,&nbsp;Elias Chane,&nbsp;Bisrat Birke Teketelew,&nbsp;Melak Aynalem","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70905","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its treatment are commonly associated with blood cell morphological and numerical abnormalities. As a result, routine examination of blood disorders among HIV patients is necessary to minimize related complications and improve patients' prognosis. Therefore, the aim of the current study is also to assess quantitative and qualitative blood cell disorders among high-level antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-experienced children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 213 HIV-infected children from June to July 2021. For laboratory analysis, about 5 mL of venous blood was collected and transferred to an EDTA test tube for a complete blood cell count. Besides, the shape, size, color, distribution, cytoplasmic inclusions of red blood cells (RBCs), and structures of other major cell lines were meticulously evaluated using a stained blood smear preparation. The data were entered into EPI-Info version 3.5.3 and then transferred to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were summarized as percentages, means, and standard deviations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RBC abnormalities, such as poikilocytosis and anisocytosis, were observed in 54.4% and 26.3% of patients, respectively. Additionally, microcytosis, giant cells, and target cells were observed in 20.7%, 12.7%, and 23% of patients, respectively. In this study, the most common quantitative RBC abnormality was anemia, occurring in 35 (16.4%) of patients. Regarding white blood cell abnormalities, leukopenia and lymphopenia were detected among 12.2% and 10.3% of study participants, respectively. However, only 1.9% of the patients had a quantitative platelet disorder.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Various quantitative and qualitative blood disorders were observed in HAART-experienced HIV patients. Therefore, morphology examination together with full blood count may yield a speedy diagnosis, rationalized diagnostic work-up, and timely initiation of treatment for hematological complications, especially for HIV infected children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming Health Insurance in Bangladesh: A Future-Ready Approach","authors":"MD. Faisal Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70945","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;I am writing in response to &lt;i&gt;“The Urgent Need for Developing a Common Health Insurance Policy in Bangladesh: A Perspective”&lt;/i&gt; [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. The article effectively highlights the pressing need for a universal health insurance system in Bangladesh. However, it largely advocates for conventional solutions that have faced challenges in implementation across low- and middle-income countries. A paradigm shift is necessary—one that moves beyond traditional state-led models to explore decentralized, technology-driven, and behaviorally informed strategies tailored to Bangladesh's economic and social realities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Habib and Molla reports that out-of-pocket healthcare spending amounts to 68.5% of total healthcare costs in Bangladesh which causes financial difficulties for numerous citizens [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. They suggest raising government funding while improving coverage through existing health programs. Using only state-funded initiatives fails to address the constraints that stem from both fiscal capacity and administrative efficiency issues. A better solution combines mandatory insurance with voluntary options through digital financial access while employing behavioral economics to boost participation rates.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The scarcity of health insurance payments stems from people's distrust of financial institutions and their inability to see immediate advantages from coverage. Behavioral economics provides solutions through default enrollment models which require people to actively decline insurance coverage. Mobile banking platforms bKash and Nagad should integrate health insurance services through automatic micro-premium withdrawals which maintain user involvement while avoiding yearly payment requirements. Insurance communication becomes more effective through behavioral alignment when risk protection messages replace long-term health investment messaging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A new approach would be the implementation of health insurance models supported by diaspora communities. The annual remittance amount of over $22 billion in Bangladesh lacks an organized system to direct this money toward healthcare funding. Insurance plans that allow expatriates to pay insurance premiums for family members and support community-based risk funds would enhance healthcare coverage among vulnerable populations. The Philippines and Mexico together with other countries have established successful diaspora-backed healthcare insurance systems which reduced healthcare expenses paid directly by patients to millions of people [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Technological integration is also crucial. The article correctly identifies healthcare financing problems yet fails to investigate blockchain-based claims automation and AI-based adaptive pricing solutions. Blockchain technology brings transparency to operations while reducing fraud and streamlines claim settlements through automation to establish system-wide trust [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. AI-driven underwriting systems allow for risk-b","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70945","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Typhoid Fever in India: A Growing Concern Requiring Immediate Preventive Efforts”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70932","url":null,"abstract":"<p>K. Mehta, M. Joshi, and M. A. Omar, “Typhoid Fever in India: A Growing Concern Requiring Immediate Preventive Efforts,” <i>Health Science Reports</i> 7, no. 2 (2024): e1899, https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1899.</p><p>In the paragraph 2, “India recorded approximately 10 million cases of typhoid fever in 2021, making it the country with the highest burden of typhoid worldwide” is incorrect and should be, “In 2021, India contributed the highest number of incident cases, totaling 5.4 million (95% UI: 4.1–6.9 million), which represented approximately 58% of global cases. Making it the country with the highest burden”.</p><p>Reference: D. Piovani, G. Figlioli, G. K. Nikolopoulos, and S. Bonovas, “The Global Burden of Enteric Fever, 2017-2021: A Systematic Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021,” <i>EClinicalMedicine</i> 77 (2024): 102883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102883.</p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery Profiles and Well-Being Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Various Anaesthesia Techniques: A Systematic Review","authors":"Abdullah K. Bubshait","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70937","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An appropriate anaesthesia technique is considered for the patient's health status to ensure a painless recovery. This study explored the important role of anesthesia selection in improving recovery outcomes and patient well-being across diverse surgical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employed a systematic literature review methodology. Different databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, were used to search for potential studies. A total of 20 studies were selected for qualitative analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that general anesthesia is widely favored. However, certain procedures stressed the efficacy of spinal and regional approaches in managing pain and promoting faster recovery. Intravenous anesthetics such as propofol and newer agents like remimazolam and ciprofol are associated with improved recovery rates in high-risk patients, providing hemodynamic stability and reducing the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Furthermore, Opioid-sparing and xenon-based anesthetics also contributed to better recovery profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anesthesia choice plays a critical role in patient recovery, with tailored techniques enhancing outcomes and reducing adverse effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}