Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia on Inhaled Corticosteroid Therapy: A Comprehensive Analysis of Risk Factors, Disease Burden, and Prevention Strategies","authors":"Muhammad Muneeb Hassan,&nbsp;Sheikh Muhammad Sikandar,&nbsp;Farrukh Jamal,&nbsp;Muhammad Ameeq,&nbsp;Alpha Kargbo","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70395","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients commonly exhibit significant morbidity and experience a diminished quality of life. Since there has been no prior research on pneumonia in our study population, we carried out this study to learn more about the situation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis of 912 COPD patients with CAP who were receiving ICS treatment at the DHQ Hospital in Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan was conducted. Study began in February 2022 and ended in February 2023. Using multinomial logistic regression, the odds ratio and relative risk and Kaplan–Meier curves showed time-to-death and recovery by COPD status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with COPD having a smoking history from 25 pack years and above had 22.791 higher odds of CAP (95% CI: 20.413–31.515), 21.527 higher odds of HTN (95% CI: 12.323–57.103), 16.955 higher odds of diabetes (95% CI: 22.954–29.331), and 13.964 higher odds of death in severity without COVID-19 vaccination (95% CI: 5.988–32.561) compared to patients with COPD having a smoking history from 10 to 15 pack years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COPD patients with a shorter ICS duration had a lower CAP risk, and vice versa, while vaccinated patients had a less severe disease as compared to non-vaccinated patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence and Determinants of Waterpipe and Cigarette Smoking Among Medical Sciences Students Living in Dormitories in Southern Iran","authors":"Mohadeseh Ghanbari-Jahromi,&nbsp;Farzaneh Mobasheri,&nbsp;Hossein-Ali Nikbakht,&nbsp;Fatemeh Rezaei","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70399","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70399","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tobacco use among students is one of the most alarming problems throughout the world. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of cigarette and waterpipe smoking as well as their determinants among students in dormitories of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 293 students living in the dormitories of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences using random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used, which included demographic characteristics and patterns of cigarette and waterpipe smoking. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors related to cigarette and waterpipe smoking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the participants was 20.99 ± 1.74 years and 49.8% of them were male. The mean age at the initiation of cigarette and waterpipe smoking was 15.53 ± 4.33 and 16.60 ± 3.01 years, respectively. The prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 6.48% and that of waterpipe smoking was 8.53%. In addition, 10.24% and 17.06% of the participants reported ever use of cigarette and waterpipe smoking, respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of tobacco smoking was higher in male students than in females (8.22% vs. 4.76% for cigarette smokers and 11% vs. 6.12% for waterpipe smokers). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between having cigarette-smoker family members and having cigarette-smoker friends with cigarette smoking. Also, waterpipe smoking was associated with having cigarette-smoker family members and having waterpipe smoker friends (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tobacco use is relatively high among medical students. Since the family and social factors are related to cigarette and waterpipe smoking, the family and society should be informed about the dangers of cigarettes and waterpipe smoking. It is also emphasized that students with risk factors be identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Benefits in a Cohort of Children 6 Months After Tonsil Surgery in Relation to the Perioperative Period: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Lundeberg Stefan,&nbsp;Elisabeth Ericsson","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70364","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70364","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tonsil-surgery is a common treatment for tonsillitis and upper-airway obstruction. Health benefits are a key point of clinical concern. Aim: To evaluate health benefits 6-months after pediatric tonsil-surgery and to examine the influence of the perioperative period on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants, 198 children (4–17 years) who underwent tonsillectomy ± adenoidectomy on infection-related indications (TE ± A_<b>infec</b>, <i>n</i> = 46), tonsillectomy ± adenoidectomy due to upper-airway-obstruction (TE ± A_<b>obstr</b>, <i>n</i> = 44), or tonsillotomy ± adenoidectomy due to upper-airway-obstruction (TT ± A_<b>obstr</b>, n = 108). Data were collected via a postoperative pain-diary, and 6-month-questionnaires. The Glasgow Children's Benefit Inventory (GCBI) evaluated HRQoL. An additional questionnaire assessed disease-specific benefits, including open-ended-questions to capture what the children wanted to convey to other children scheduled for surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>QoL-score after surgery was positive in all indication/surgical-method groups. The highest GCBI-scores were seen in the subscale-scores for physical health and vitality. Comparing TE ± A_<b>obstr</b> and TT ± A_<b>obstr</b>, no significant differences were noted in the total-score or in the subscores. No differences in GCBI-scores were seen between subgroups of patients divided by postoperative pain intensity and duration. No differences in frequency or loudness of snoring or ENT-infections were seen between the groups, and satisfaction rates were high. The information that the children considered essential to share with others covered details of the day of surgery, including the anesthesia, nutrition, pain and pain relief, and well-being after surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All indication/surgical-method groups reported improvements regarding the health benefits of surgery, with the most pronounced effect being seen for physical health and vitality. TE ± A and TT ± A showed similar benefits in cases of obstructive and infection problems. Postoperative pain had no impact on QoL at the 6-month follow-up. Children's memories of the surgery can provide direction for management and improvements in children's care. Pain management needs to be optimized to improve recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Antidiuretic Hormone Level in Nocturnal Enuretic School Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jannatul Fardous,&nbsp;Anjuman Ara,&nbsp;Md. Iqbal Hossain,&nbsp;Asma Labony,&nbsp;Tanjila Afrin,&nbsp;Rezwana Ashraf,&nbsp;Reaz Uddin,&nbsp;Habiba Jesmin,&nbsp;Md. Kabir Alam,&nbsp;Mohammad Ashraful Amin,&nbsp;Anwar Hossain Khan,&nbsp;Zahid Hasan Khan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70406","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70406","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is a common pediatric condition characterized by involuntary nighttime bed wetting. Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is associated with altered antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion and lacks lower urinary tract symptoms. This study aimed to compare serum ADH levels between children with PMNE and a comparison group to explore its potential role in the pathophysiology of PMNE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study included 40 children aged 6–15 years with PMNE and 40 age-matched children without enuresis (comparison group) attending the Pediatric Nephrology Outpatient Department at the National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU) from January 2022 to July 2023. Blood samples and other clinical information along with laboratory investigation are done to ensure inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fasting serum ADH level, a competitive immunoassay was done with the Arg- Vasopressin ELISA kit. Relevant clinical and demographic data were analyzed using Student's <i>t</i>-test for continuous variables and Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of participants was 8.82 ± 2.71 years in the PMNE group and 9.01 ± 2.54 years in the comparison group (<i>p</i> = 0.760). There was no significant association between sex and PMNE (<i>p</i> = 0.370). Children with PMNE exhibited significantly lower serum ADH levels compared to the comparison group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, children with more frequent enuretic episodes demonstrated a trend of lower ADH levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides evidence of a significant association between decreased diurnal serum ADH levels and PNE in children. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of PNE and suggest potential avenues for novel treatment strategies, emphasizing the importance of evaluating ADH levels in PNE management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective on Antibiotic Resistance in Bangladesh: A Critical Yet Overlooked Public Health Crisis","authors":"Md. Mahadi Hassan,&nbsp;Noushin Nohor","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70407","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70407","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article explores antibiotic resistance as a critical public health issue in Bangladesh, emphasizing its growing threat to the nation's healthcare system. As a developing country, Bangladesh faces unique challenges in managing this crisis, with antibiotic resistance posing significant risks due to its multidimensional problems to both individual health and the broader population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched for relevant pieces of literature that discuss the antibiotic resistance problem both from a global and national perspective. Based on the importance and our objectives we selected the relevant articles. The perspective was written using the evidence and information available in those articles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Key factors contributing to the rise of antibiotic resistance include the irrational use and prescription of antibiotics in both healthcare settings and agriculture, incomplete doses of antibiotics, and insufficient public awareness. The article also discusses potential policy recommendations, such as the implementation of stricter antimicrobial stewardship programs, enhanced surveillance systems, and public education campaigns to reduce the misuse of antibiotics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, antibiotic resistance in Bangladesh requires urgent attention and coordinated efforts from all sectors of society to prevent further deterioration of public health and safeguard future generations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Epidemiological Characteristics and Survival Analysis Among Prostate Cancer Patients Under 50: A Seer-Based Population Study","authors":"Bahaa Mali,&nbsp;Ali Mali,&nbsp;Alaa Mali,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdulrazzak,&nbsp;Afnan W. M. Jobran","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70414","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70414","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Even though aging is a known risk factor for prostate cancer incidence and mortality, there has been an increase in incidence among young men since the late 1980s with notably lower survival rates than those among older men. However, there is insufficient knowledge about recent trends in the incidence and survival of this disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed prostatic cancer incidence trends in men under 50 from 1975 to 2020 using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 8 registries data. We further studied frequency, incidence rate, and survival rates in this group across SEER 22 registries, which cover around 41.9% of the US population. We analyzed the data by age, stage, and race subgroups and identified potential risk factors affecting survival prognosis using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results revealed that prostate cancer incidence rates in men under 50 have increased from 1975 to 2020. There was a significant decline from 2009 to 2014, followed by a gradual decrease. Between 2004 and 2020, 35,670 new cases were diagnosed. 76.10% of these cases were localized, 15.10% were regional, 4.20% were distant, and 4.60% were unstaged. Certain factors can negatively impact the prognosis, including age at diagnosis under 30, advanced stages of the disease, and non-Hispanic black race.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early-onset prostate cancer has distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and more research is required to gain a better understanding of the biological, genetic, and environmental factors that contribute to its development. This understanding will assist in the creation of more suitable management plans that can enhance survival rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Mining of Infertility and Factors Influencing Its Development: A Finding From a Prospective Cohort Study of RaNCD in Iran","authors":"Hosna Heydarian,&nbsp;Masoumeh Abbasi,&nbsp;Farid Najafi,&nbsp;Mitra Darbandi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70265","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70265","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infertility, as defined by the World Health Organization, is the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse. This study aimed to identify factors influencing infertility by applying data mining techniques, specifically rule-mining methods, to analyze diverse patient data and uncover relevant insights. This approach involves a thorough analysis of patients' clinical characteristics, dietary habits, and overall conditions to identify complex patterns and relationships that may contribute to infertility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we examined the impact of lifestyle factors on infertility using machine learning and data mining techniques, specifically Association Rules. The study included a total of 4437 women who participated in the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease Cohort study. Among the remaining participants, 434 were infertile. We utilized 38 variables to generate the relevant association rules.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a result, the analysis reveals that 97% of infertile women are likely to cook for more than 2 h and engage in standing activities. Additionally, 94% of infertile women are likely to have central obesity. Infertile women also have a 73% chance of reusing cooking oil and a 74% chance of consuming fried food at least once a week. The likelihood of infertility increases to 98% among women who use more than 24 eggs per month and to 97% among those who consume moldy jam or syrup. The evaluation of these associations was further supported by measures of support, confidence, and lift.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study showed that key lifestyle factors linked to infertility, underscoring the role of lifestyle in reproductive health. These findings suggest that targeted interventions and lifestyle changes may help reduce infertility rates. Further research is needed to confirm these associations and investigate the underlying mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Feasibility and Safety of a Highly Intensive Penetration Technique for Recanalization in Severe Calcified Femoropopliteal Occlusive Lesions: A Retrospective Observational Study","authors":"Shinsuke Mori,&nbsp;Keisuke Hirano,&nbsp;Yusuke Setonaga,&nbsp;Toshihiko Kishida,&nbsp;Tomoya Fukagawa,&nbsp;Kohei Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Masafumi Mizusawa,&nbsp;Masakazu Tsutsumi,&nbsp;Norihiro Kobayashi,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Ito","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70391","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70391","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When dealing with severely calcified lesions in endovascular therapy (EVT) for lower extremity artery disease (LEAD), navigating through severely calcified chronic total occlusion (CTO) using hard-tip guidewires can be challenging. To address this issue, we employed a novel highly intensive penetration (HIP) technique. This technique involves modifying the tail of a 0.035-inch guidewire to enhance its penetration capability, thus enabling effective navigation through the calcified lesion and facilitating the EVT procedure. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of the HIP technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This single-center, retrospective study enrolled 27 consecutive patients (29 limbs) who underwent the HIP technique for the recanalization of calcified femoropopliteal CTO lesions that were resistant to penetration by high-tip load (≧ 40 g) guidewires between January 2015 and April 2023. Statistical analyses were performed using JMP 13 software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean patient age was 75.9 ± 10.1 years. The proportion of men, patients with hypertension, patients with diabetes mellitus, and patients on hemodialysis was 78%, 59%, 41%, and 44%, respectively. The crossover approach was selected for 55% of the patients. The reference vessel diameter was 5.3 ± 0.6 mm, and the lesion length was 19.7 ± 12.0 cm. The target lesions were predominantly located in the superficial femoral artery (76%). In-stent occlusion was treated in 14% of patients. The HIP technique was successfully performed in 79% of patients, and the complication rate of vascular perforation was 7%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The HIP technique demonstrates remarkable effectiveness in navigating through highly calcified lesions, offering a reliable method for successful recanalization in challenging cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Diarrhea Disease and Associated Factors Among Children Under 5 Years in Geshiyaro Project Implementation Sites in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Zinabu Assefa Alemu,&nbsp;Aderajew Mekonnen Girmay,&nbsp;Kirubel Tesfaye Teklu,&nbsp;Ermias Alemayehu Adugna,&nbsp;Melaku Gizaw Serte,&nbsp;Tsigereda Assefa Alemayehu,&nbsp;Badasa Wagari Likasa,&nbsp;Benjamin Collyer,&nbsp;Zelalem Mehari,&nbsp;Mihretab Salasibew,&nbsp;Getachew Tollera,&nbsp;Masresha Tessema","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70380","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70380","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, infectious diseases such as pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria are the leading causes of death for children under 5. Diarrheal disease is a significant public health concern and causes the death of approximately 525,000 children under the age of 5 every year. In Ethiopia, studies revealed that the prevalence of diarrhea among children under 5 years is alarming. However, there has been a shortage of studies regarding the predictors of diarrheal disease in Geshiyaro project implementation sites in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to fill this gap.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to July 2023. A total of 2937 participants were enrolled in this investigation. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using STATA version 16.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 2-week prevalence of diarrhea among children under 5 years was 11.8%. The following factors were significantly associated (<i>p </i>&lt; 0.05) with the occurrence of childhood diarrhea: sex of the child (AOR: 1.6; 95% CI, 1.17–2.19), child age in a month (AOR: 0.5; 95% CI, 0.26–0.94), drinking water service (AOR: 2.6; 95% CI, 1.33–5.25), knowledge on diarrhea prevention (AOR: 1.4; 95% CI, 1.05–1.98), open defecation practice (AOR: 1.9; 95% CI, 1.33–2.74), and rotavirus vaccination (AOR: 1.8; 95% CI, 1.20–2.56).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified several factors contributing to diarrhea. Besides, it also studied and showed a larger number of children who were not receiving basic vaccines. Therefore, the government and partner organizations should implement effective interventions to increase vaccine coverage and reduce diarrhea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multi-Center Prospective Study on the Healing of Neuro-Ischemic Ulcers in Singapore: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Lingyan Meng,&nbsp;Priya Bishnoi,&nbsp;Zhiwen Joseph Lo,&nbsp;Enming Yong,&nbsp;Tze Tec Chong,&nbsp;David Carmody,&nbsp;Rajesh Babu Dharmaraj,&nbsp;Yi Zhen Ng,&nbsp;Keith Harding,&nbsp;Pei Ho","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70332","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.70332","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuro-ischemic ulcers (NIU) present a substantial clinical and economic burden on the healthcare systems. This study aims to evaluate their healing rate, associated healthcare resource utilization, and prognostic factors influencing healing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consecutive patients attended specialist clinics or admitted to wards in three tertiary hospitals for new or existing NIUs from November 2019 to November 2021 were eligible for this study. Each participant was followed up three times (1-month, 3-month and 6-month after enrollment), with ulcer healing as the primary outcome of interest. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of NIU healing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 439 patients were recruited. Six months after they seek care in the tertiary healthcare setting, 36.0% of the participants had their ulcer fully healed. Male gender (adjusted HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53–0.93), history of coronary intervention (adjusted HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41–0.93), requirement of lower extremity revascularization (adjusted HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.54–0.98) and offloading (adjusted HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.46–0.81) were found to be associated with failure to heal. Ulcers located over the toes (adjusted HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.17–2.32) was associated with better healing. Dependent activity of daily living (adjusted HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55–1.01) was also potentially a risk factor for slow healing with borderline significance.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nonhealed group of patients incurred higher requirement of revascularization (42.3% vs. 25.3%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), negative pressure wound therapy (40.6% vs. 29.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.03), off-loading (57.3% vs. 46.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and antibiotic treatment (45.2% vs. 26.6%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), compared to those in the healed group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NIU imposes a significant burden on both patients and the healthcare system in Singapore, with low healing rates even after 6 months of tertiary-level care. Early identification and risk stratification of high-risk patients may help improve outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}