Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"A Review: Can Cytokines Induce Vascular Inflammation as a Sequela of Viral Infections?","authors":"Shahana Akhter Deena,&nbsp;Samia Aziz Tonima,&nbsp;Sakif Ahamed Khan,&nbsp;Mohammad Shahangir Biswas,&nbsp;Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are many unknown consequences of viral infections. In this piece, we looked at one of these effects that influence the venous system of the body, vasculitis, an inflammation of the blood vessels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study illustrates that viral infections attack host cells through viral proteins and surface receptors, activate NF-kappaβ via various receptors and signaling pathways, and subsequently induce a cytokine storm through the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α, and CCL2, likely due to endothelial dysfunction caused by reactive oxygen species generation. Generally, overproduction of these mediators has been identified as a contributor to vascular inflammation and the subsequent development of atherosclerotic plaque, which may facilitate the initiation of vascular inflammation. This article also discusses potentially effective inhibitors for particular cytokines that contribute to vascular inflammation. Inhibiting the expression of these cytokines can diminish atherosclerotic lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article addresses the need for further investigation into the link between post-viral infection effects and vascular inflammation by discussing the potential mechanism by which the immune system acts upon pathogen entry, the factors responsible for influencing the immune system, and the prevention of infectious disease transmission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Atlas of Genetic Correlations Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Human Health-Related Traits","authors":"James L. Li,&nbsp;Yijia Sun","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71092","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Thyroid hormones are essential for normal human development and the regulation of metabolism [&lt;span&gt;1, 2&lt;/span&gt;]. These hormones, including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and free thyroxine (FT4), are routinely used in clinical practice as markers for screening and diagnosing thyroid dysfunction [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]; TSH serves as the primary screening test for patients with suspected thyroid disorders, while thyroid tests that measure FT3, TT3, and FT4 levels are used to diagnose thyroid diseases [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. Previous epidemiological studies have shown that thyroid hormone levels are associated with many diseases and health conditions in humans, including cardiovascular diseases [&lt;span&gt;5, 6&lt;/span&gt;], psychiatric disorders [&lt;span&gt;7, 8&lt;/span&gt;], sleep duration [&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;], and cancers at various body sites [&lt;span&gt;10-12&lt;/span&gt;]. However, the etiology underlying these associations is not fully understood.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Genetic correlation has emerged as a metric to quantify the degree of similarity between two traits based on shared genetic variations identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and has enhanced our understanding of the etiology underlying many complex traits [&lt;span&gt;13-15&lt;/span&gt;]. Though large-scale GWAS have helped in mapping the genetic bases of many human diseases and health-related traits [&lt;span&gt;16-20&lt;/span&gt;], GWAS of thyroid hormones have been historically limited by lower sample sizes [&lt;span&gt;21, 22&lt;/span&gt;] with the exception of a recent GWAS involving up to 271,040 individuals of European ancestry that identified 413 independent genetic variants associated with levels of several thyroid hormones [&lt;span&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;]. Thus far, the shared genetic bases between thyroid hormones and other health-related traits and diseases has not been fully explored. In this study, we aimed to systematically compute the genetic correlation between each of four thyroid hormones (TSH, TT3, FT3, FT4) and numerous health-related traits such as aging, cancer, gastrointestinal disease, psychiatric-neurologic disorders, and blood-related, cardiometabolic, immune-related, and anthropometric traits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We computed the genetic correlations between four thyroid hormones (TSH, TT3, FT3, and FT4) and seventy-two health-related traits and diseases using previously published GWAS summary statistics, restricted to variants in the HapMap3 panel. We identified significant genetic correlations between FT3, FT4, and TT3 and seven independent health-related traits after accounting for multiple testing (FDR-adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), including red blood cell counts that exhibited positive genetic correlations with FT3 and FT4 (Table 1); interestingly, TT3 was genetically correlated with body fat percentage, standing height, and depressive symptoms. When relaxing our significance threshold to nominal significance (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), we identified genetic correlations between all four of the ","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial Interventions Impact on Cardiometabolic, Neurobiological, Behavioral, and Immune Outcomes in People With a Serious Mental Illness: A Systematic Review","authors":"Julia C. Hill,&nbsp;Crystal Noller,&nbsp;Paul Holtzheimer,&nbsp;Krista Disano,&nbsp;Ella Klinsky,&nbsp;Mona Pudasaini,&nbsp;Hannah Crowe-Cumella,&nbsp;Karen L. Fortuna","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70954","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five and a half percent of the population of the United States has a serious mental illness (SMI). Mind-body outcomes represent a direct and operationalizable measurement associated with accelerated aging. These findings may suggest that psychosocial interventions represent the first-ever strategy to increase the lifespan of people with SMI; however, the literature is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The patient/population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes (PICO) criteria were used to assess study eligibility in partnership with a master's-level librarian. Studies focused on (1) the general population, which later became a population with SMI, (2) psychosocial intervention vs. no psychosocial intervention, and (3) cardiometabolic, neurobiological, behavioral, and immune outcomes. We searched the following databases from 1946 to January 2024: Medline, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, and PubMed. Thirty-two RCTs fit the criteria. The Methodological Quality Rating Scale assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Studies assessed four outcome categories: (1) neurobiological, (2) behavioral, (3) immune, and (4) cardiometabolic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immune outcomes were the least recorded but significantly differed between the psychosocial intervention treatment group and controls. Behavioral and neurobiological outcomes significantly differed between the treatment group and controls. Cardiometabolic outcomes were the most studied, with inconsistencies in significant vs. nonsignificant differences between intervention and control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evidence is growing that psychosocial interventions can improve the lives of people with SMI and potentially reduce accelerated aging. We suggest that psychosocial intervention randomized control trials with mind-body outcomes may represent a viable strategy for reducing disease burden and improving human health. Additional research is needed to examine the correlation between psychosocial interventions and the effects on mind-body outcomes of accelerated aging and SMI. The present systematic review extends this study by identifying the outcomes associated with accelerated aging significantly modified by psychosocial intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70954","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Including Undocumented Immigrants in Health Research—A Narrative Review of Barriers, Effective Approaches, and Best Practices in the United States","authors":"Christopher W. Reynolds,&nbsp;Karthik Reddy,&nbsp;Samantha Peña,&nbsp;Priya J. Desai,&nbsp;Rachel I. Ekaireb,&nbsp;Sabrina E. Sanchez,&nbsp;Sarah L. Kimball,&nbsp;Megan G. Janeway","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71091","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background and Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Undocumented immigrants (UDIs) in the United States are an understudied population with unique health needs. Half are uninsured, with state-to-state variation. Creative methodologies have been used to approximate UDIs in health data by geography and scope. However, no review exists of UDI health coverage or methods used to study this population. We conducted a narrative review defining health coverage options by state and research methodologies for UDIs.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We conducted a narrative review of the literature to answer two research objectives: (i) what health coverage is available to UDIs at the federal and state level, and (ii) what methodologies have been used by health services researchers to study UDI health. First, we reviewed Medicaid websites, gray literature, and legislative briefs to summarize federal and state-level health coverage for UDIs. We categorized states by care availability into three groups: “available,” “limited,” and “restricted.” We then conducted a formal literature search on health research among UDIs for every state, using gray literature and articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. Data was extracted to describe study characteristics, data type, methods for approximating or identifying UDI data, and scope. Total number of health studies by state was grouped according to their care availability status.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;UDI health coverage was determined for all 50 states and Washington, DC: three states and Washington, DC were considered “available,” 28 were “limited,” providing care to special UDI populations, and 19 were “restricted” with no coverage options. Thirty-seven articles on UDI health coverage were included in this study. Methodologies to study UDI patients were unstandardized. Most studies were single-center, retrospective, or qualitative. Creative methods were used to approximate UDI health data, including linking social services datasets and using Emergency Medicaid claims. Large-scale data set studies were rare, but California's restricted Medi-Cal demonstrated successful use of claims data for UDI research. Included research articles were categorized by state coverage and an average number of studies produced per state in that category: available (&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; = 3.0), limited (&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; = 0.9), and restricted (&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; = 0.4).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;From this narrative review on health coverage and health studies on UDI patients, we found variability in health coverag","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Influential Theories in Human–Computer Interaction Within Health Informatics: A Systematic Review","authors":"Niloofar Mohammadzadeh,&nbsp;Fatemeh Lotfi,&nbsp;Hamed Samadpour","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Digital transformation in healthcare has driven the adoption of diverse health information systems, including electronic health records, mobile health (mHealth) applications, and clinical decision support tools. However, optimal interaction between users and these systems remains a challenge. The field of Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) offers theoretical frameworks to guide the design and evaluation of these technologies, enhancing usability and adoption by health professionals and patients. This systematic review aims to identify and synthesize the most frequently applied HCI theories in health informatics and examine their relevance across digital health technologies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Three databases—PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar—were searched with no date restriction. Studies were included if they applied a defined HCI theory to the context of health information technologies and were published in English. Review articles, conceptual papers, and studies without a clear theoretical framework were excluded. A total of 67 eligible studies were included in the final synthesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of HCI theories in health information technology has increased notably since 2015, with a sharp rise observed after 2020. The most frequently used frameworks included the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). mHealth applications accounted for most theory applications (37%), followed by hospital information systems and web-based tools. The geographic distribution revealed that the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia produced the highest number of theory-driven studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HCI theories are vital in improving the design, usability, and implementation of health information systems. This review underscores the importance of integrating user-centered theoretical frameworks in system development and calls for broader geographic and contextual diversity in future theory-based research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First and Second-Trimester Screening, for Down's Syndrome: An Umbrella Review on Meta-Analyses","authors":"Zahra Goudarzi,&nbsp;Mojtaba Jafari,&nbsp;Zahra Shirvani,&nbsp;Mahmood Salesi,&nbsp;Khosro Keshavarz,&nbsp;Bahya Namvar Jahromi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70910","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the variety of screening tests, the number of babies born with Down's syndrome (DS) has not significantly decreased. The aim of this study was systematically review previously published meta-analysis studies to identify the most efficient screening tests for DS during only the first trimester (FT) and only in the second trimester (ST) of pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data sources, including Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PubMed, were reviewed. The effectiveness of tests was investigated and compared by extracting their sensitivity and specificity values from meta-analyses. The heterogeneity of data was investigated by <i>χ</i>² and <i>I</i>² tests. In addition, publication bias was assessed through Egger's and Begg's tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated 14 eligible and high-quality meta-analyses. Meta-analysis of 13 studies revealed FT and ST as the best stage for conducting serum tests, with a sensitivity of 0.824 (CI: 0.790–0.857) and specificity of 0.956 (CI: 0.947–0.965). Likewise, FT and ST were found as the best stage for conducting ultrasound tests, with a sensitivity of 0.882 (CI: 0.850–0.914) and a specificity of 0.95 (CI: 0.944–0.956). In addition, ST was determined as the best stage for carrying out ultrasound (US) and serum screening (SS) tests, with a sensitivity of 0.93 and a specificity of 0.93, indicating the highest sensitivity and specificity of US + SS tests in the ST than FT and FT &amp; ST stages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The first and second trimesters (FT and ST) is the best stage for carrying out ultrasound and serum screening tests. ST was found to be the best stage for conducting US + SS in DS screening tests. US + SS tests achieved the best results for DS screening during the FT and ST of pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70910","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Statin Use in the Intensive Care Unit and Delirium in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Zhi Liu,&nbsp;Zhichao Zou,&nbsp;Zhe Li,&nbsp;Qihai Wan,&nbsp;Yi Yu","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Delirium is a temporary cognitive dysfunction caused by organic factors. It is characterized by impaired attention and cognitive abilities. This condition is associated with a high prevalence of misdiagnosis and considerable risks of disability and mortality, particularly in intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV). This study aimed to investigate the impact of the use of statins on the occurrence of delirium in patients undergoing MV in the ICU by applying a comprehensive data set.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database was used for participant recruitment. The primary outcome was the prevalence of delirium. Secondary outcomes were the duration of ICU stay (DoIS) and duration of hospital stay (DoHS). Multivariable logistic regression and multivariate linear regression were employed to carry out statistical analyses. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was utilized to enhance the robustness of findings. Statin use was determined based on patients' medication history before ICU admission. All the examinations and tests were conducted within 24 h after patients were admitted to the ICU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study comprised 18,146 participants with a mean age of 63.4 years and the prevalence of delirium was 7.6% (1381/18,146). According to multivariable logistic regression models, patients prescribed statins exhibited a 15% higher prevalence of delirium (odds ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.01–1.37, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Statin administration in the ICU correlated with a 4.03-h decrease in ventilation time (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). These results suggest that statin use may increase the risk of delirium in patients undergoing MV, even following stratification of statin use and PSM. Statins did not have a significant impact on DoIS, however, their use was associated with a longer DoHS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this retrospective cross-sectional study indicate that statin use is linked to an increased risk of delirium in patients receiving MV in the ICU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Response to the Editor—Clarifications and Insights on Microplastics Research and Global Public Health","authors":"Frank Mayta-Tovalino,&nbsp;Daniel Alvitez-Temoche","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We would like to express our gratitude for the comments from the authors of the letter “<i>Bridging the Microplastics–Public Health Research Gap: A Call for Translational Action in Vulnerable Populations</i>” on our study “<i>Current Trends, Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Microplastics Research and Global Public Health: A Scientometric Study</i>”. We are pleased to know that our research has generated reflection and opened a necessary dialogue on the relationship between microplastics and public health.</p><p>We entirely agree with the need to reduce the ratio of scientific production for high- and low-income countries. In fact, one of the objectives of our study was to demonstrate this gap as well as the need to enhance research capacity in regions most impacted by microplastic pollution. We believe that our findings can serve as a starting point in generating more clinical research that considers the problem from a more local perspective and with direct relevance to public health [<span>1</span>].</p><p>We also value the emphasis on the importance of epidemiological studies connecting microplastic exposure with specific health effects [<span>2, 3</span>]. So far, most studies have been focused on ecotoxicological and experimental modes of exposure. This means that a path for research is waiting on direct observations of the effects on vulnerable populations. The authors' comment about the absence of studies considering co-exposure to other pollutants is appropriate and is a very important research path for the future.</p><p>At last, we also share concerns regarding translating science into actions and public policy. Our analysis indicates an increasing scientific output on microplastics, which represents a wonderful opportunity for academia and government to engage toward developing regulations and mitigation measures.</p><p>We sincerely thank the letter authors for their contributions and for enhancing the discussion on an important issue. We hope the discussions spur new research that contributes positively to public health.</p><p><b>Frank Mayta-Tovalino:</b> conceptualization, funding acquisition, investigation, writing – original draft, writing – review and editing, visualization, validation, and methodology. <b>Daniel Alvitez-Temoche:</b> conceptualization, investigation, validation, methodology, visualization, writing – original draft, writing – review and editing.</p><p>The authors, Frank Mayta-Tovalino and Daniel Alvitez-Temoche, confirm that the results and interpretations presented in this letter are transparent, and the methodology used in the study is clearly documented. All analyses were conducted without manipulation or selective reporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Surgical Site Infection Among Patients Undergone Abdominal Surgery in Northwestern Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Tesfaye Shumet Mekonnen,&nbsp;Shegaw Getinet,&nbsp;Amare Mebrat Delie,&nbsp;Eneyew Talie Fenta,&nbsp;Fassikaw Kebede Bizuneh,&nbsp;Wubetu Woyraw","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71095","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the myriad surgical procedures, abdominal surgeries stand out for their increased susceptibility to surgical site infections, owing to the intricate nature of the abdominal cavity. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with surgical site infections among patients who underwent abdominal operations at Bichena Hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at a hospital involved 164 patients who underwent abdominal operations in the last 2 years. The prevalence of surgical site infection was estimated. Binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted and a significance level of <i>p</i>-value ≤ 0.05 was adopted to identify statistically significant factors influencing surgical site infection following open abdominal surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The occurrence of surgical site infection was determined to be 26.8% (95% CI: 20.1%, 33.5%). Patients with concurrent medical conditions were over three times more likely (AOR = 3.37) to develop SSI compared to those without such conditions. Regarding hospital length of stay, patients with shorter stays had a significantly lower likelihood of developing SSI. Specifically, those with stays of 5–7 days had a 91% lower likelihood of SSI (AOR = 0.09), those with 8–14 days had a 78% lower likelihood (AOR = 0.22), and those with stays of 15–21 days had a 72.4% lower likelihood (AOR = 0.28), compared to patients with a hospital stay of 22 days or longer. The 22-day cutoff was determined based on the distribution of hospital stays within the study population, where longer stays beyond this period were associated with a higher incidence of infections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found a high incidence of SSIs at the institution. The presence of concurrent medical conditions and extended hospital stays was identified as a significant factor contributing to the occurrence of SSIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the Registration and Establishment of a Database for Pregnant Mothers With Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Mahdi Zahedi,&nbsp;Moghadaseh Jahanshahi,&nbsp;Ahmad Tafaghod-Hassanpour","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) cause most maternal deaths, mainly from cardiomyopathies, pulmonary hypertension, aortic dissections, and MIs. We examined CVD prevalence in pregnancy, its links to risk factors/demographics, and identified high-risk cases for prevention programs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This descriptive study was conducted on 104 pregnant patients with heart conditions referred to Shahid Sayyad Shirazi Educational and Medical Center. The data and information for this project were obtained by reviewing the medical records of pregnant patients with heart conditions and recording this information in the Hospital Information System (HIS) and then subjected to data analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 104 patients were enrolled. The study revealed that RVH, TTF, and PI diseases had a statistically significant association with a family history of heart disease in pregnant individuals, or with pulmonary HTN, there was a meaningful connection to hypertension. Furthermore, valvular disease MVP and LV enlargement showed a significant association with hyperlipidemia. However, a history of smoking did not have a meaningful association with any of the examined diseases. Additionally, increasing age had a statistically significant correlation with most of the investigated diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results obtained from this study indicate that heart diseases in pregnant mothers are an extremely important and undeniable issue, underscoring the significance of thorough examination and care for patients before, during, and after pregnancy. Additionally, it highlights the assessment and early identification of risk factors in these individuals. Therefore, one of the most crucial steps in preserving the health of these patients, in addition to identifying and mitigating risk factors using the mentioned diagnostic methods, is to provide necessary awareness regarding reproductive health and appropriate pregnancy prevention methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}