Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Popular Misconceptions: A Cross-Sectional Study

IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Health Science Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI:10.1002/hsr2.71308

Anahita Babak, Shiva Rouzbahani, Alireza Safaeian, Farzam Poonaki

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Abstract

Background and Aims

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition demanding continuous monitoring to mitigate potential complications. One major obstacle to effective treatment lies in widespread misconceptions across key domains, including pathogenesis, nutrition and lifestyle, management and follow-up, and complications and social stigma. This study aimed to evaluate patient misconceptions about the causes and management of diabetes and explore their prevalence concerning factors such as age and gender.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran, between 2021 and 2022. A total of 390 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included through a convenient sampling method from different diabetes centers. Data were collected using a questionnaire about the causes of diabetes mellitus, dietary guidelines, medical interventions, and associated complications. The results were analyzed with a χ² test using SPSS software v. 16.

Results

A total of 390 participants, with a mean age of 56 ± 13.4 years and 58% females, participated in the study. The most prevalent myths about diabetes mellitus identified in this study include: only solid oils are fattening (302, 77.4%), diabetic patients are permitted to take any quantity of dried mulberries (201, 51.5%), diabetes is only a hereditary disease (177, 45.3%), diabetes can only strike obese individuals (167, 42.8%), and fruits can be consumed in any quantity by diabetic individuals because fruit sugar is a natural substance (143, 36.6%).

Conclusion

Patients' misunderstandings of the etiology and management of diabetes mellitus are diverse. Given that myths can negatively affect glycemic control; patient education is crucial to effective management.

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2型糖尿病和流行的误解：一项横断面研究

背景和目的糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，需要持续监测以减轻潜在的并发症。有效治疗的一个主要障碍在于关键领域普遍存在误解，包括发病机制、营养和生活方式、管理和随访以及并发症和社会污名。本研究旨在评估患者对糖尿病病因和管理的误解，并探讨其患病率与年龄和性别等因素有关。方法本横断面研究于2021年至2022年在伊朗伊斯法罕进行。通过方便的抽样方法，从不同的糖尿病中心共纳入了390名诊断为2型糖尿病的个体。通过问卷调查收集数据，了解糖尿病的病因、饮食指南、医疗干预和相关并发症。采用SPSS v. 16软件对结果进行χ2检验。结果共纳入390例患者，平均年龄56±13.4岁，其中女性占58%。在这项研究中发现的关于糖尿病最普遍的误解包括：只有固体油会使人发胖（302,77.4%），糖尿病患者可以吃任何数量的干桑葚（201,51.5%），糖尿病只是一种遗传性疾病（177,45.3%），糖尿病只会发生在肥胖的人身上（167,42.8%），糖尿病患者可以吃任何数量的水果，因为水果中的糖是一种天然物质（143,36.6%）。结论糖尿病患者对糖尿病的病因及治疗存在不同的认识误区。鉴于神话会对血糖控制产生负面影响；患者教育是有效管理的关键。

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