Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Catastrophic Health Expenditure and Its Determinants in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease and Their Households: A Cross-Sectional Study From Iran in 2024","authors":"Mohammad Ali Laali Dehaghi,&nbsp;Sayed Saeed Kassaeian,&nbsp;Elahe Jandaghi,&nbsp;Farid Gharibi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ischemic heart diseases can lead to significant healthcare costs for patients due to their chronic and debilitating nature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence and causes of exorbitant healthcare expenses faced by individuals with ischemic heart disease and their households in Semnan in 2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 400 individuals diagnosed with angina and myocardial infarction who had received medical treatment for a minimum of 1 year. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with content validity scores of 0.87 and 0.92 for the CVR (Content Validity Ratio) and CVI (Content Validity Index), respectively. The catastrophic healthcare costs were determined by evaluating the expenses incurred by patients and their households, and their annual income. This was done using a model that allocates 40% of nonfood household expenses to healthcare. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the statistical associations between demographic and contextual characteristics and the occurrence of catastrophic healthcare costs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study reveals that patients and their households spend an average of 106,210,000 IRR (286.45 USD) annually on healthcare. Out of this amount, 80% is devoted to medical services, 16% to diagnostic services, and 4% to visits to different healthcare providers. Their mean yearly earnings amount to 1,061,430,000 IRR (2,862.72 USD), of which 297,580,000 IRR (802.58 USD) are allocated to nonfood expenditures. The mean proportion of direct medical expenses from nonfood household spending is 0.87 ( ± 1.50), and 46% of patients experience catastrophic healthcare costs. Significant statistical connections were observed between age, marital status, education, occupation, type of cardiac discomfort, duration of symptoms, initial diagnosis, and patient monitoring with catastrophic healthcare costs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Numerous demographic and contextual factors contribute to the incredibly high frequency of catastrophic healthcare costs among the patients and their households that were evaluated. Consequently, it is crucial to address this condition by conducting focused measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Neuromuscular Taping on Thrombocyte Indices in Diabetic Neuropathy Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Nurul Aktifah,&nbsp;Firman Faradisi,&nbsp;Muhammad Ghilang Maulud Setyawan,&nbsp;Nuniek Nizmah Fajriyah,&nbsp;Eko Mugiyanto,&nbsp;Umi Budi Rahayu","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70919","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common complication among diabetic neuropathy patients, often associated with abnormalities in thrombocyte indices. This study aimed to assess the impact of neuromuscular taping (NMT) on thrombocyte indices in diabetic neuropathy patients with PAD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 23 patients diagnosed with DN using the Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Scoring System (TCNSS) and Diabetic Neuropathy Examination (DNE) were enrolled in the study. Participants underwent NMT decompression intervention sessions over a period of 24 days. Further, the genomic analysis utilized public databases derived from diabetes studies that investigated the development of diabetic neuropathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The result revealed, pre- and post-intervention measurements demonstrated significant improvements in thrombocyte indices, particularly in platelet distribution width, platelet count, and mean platelet volume, among patients undergoing NMT (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in TCNSS and DNE scores post-intervention, indicating an improvement in DN symptoms. Moreover, genomic analysis identified 9 genes, including SLC30A1, TRBJ2-7, OLFM1, TCF7L2, MCF2L, CEP295NL, CEACAM22P, TSHZ2, and PDZD4, involved in DN development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that NMT holds promise as a therapeutic intervention for improving thrombocyte indices and managing DN symptoms in patients with PAD. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and long-term effects of NMT in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe Switch to an Oral Two-Drug Regimen Based on Dolutegravir in People With Vertically Acquired HIV-1: An Observational Multicenter Study","authors":"Giulia Meraviglia,&nbsp;Anna Sala,&nbsp;Francesco Bassani,&nbsp;Laura Labate,&nbsp;Gabriele Pagani,&nbsp;Vania Giacomet,&nbsp;Antonio Di Biagio,&nbsp;Stefano Rusconi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People with vertically acquired HIV-1 are exposed to antiretroviral drugs throughout their lives. Two-drug regimens based on dolutegravir (DTG) are increasingly popular, showing excellent safety and efficacy and giving the opportunity to reduce toxicity and drug burden. However, studies reporting experience in this special population are still lacking. With this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a switch to a two-drug regimen based on DTG in young people with vertically acquired HIV-1 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective, multicenter study included subjects with vertically acquired HIV-1 infection who switched from a combination antiretroviral therapy to a two-drug regimen with DTG associated with lamivudine, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, or boosted protease inhibitors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 27 subjects. All of them were virologically suppressed at the moment of the switch except two, with CD4+ lymphocyte T count &gt; 200 cell/mm³. With a median follow-up of 24.6 months, no virologic failure was detected after the switch except for one patient with poor adherence, and there was no significant difference in CD4+ lymphocyte T count (<i>p</i> = 0.179). Renal function and lipid profile were not influenced by the switch. No side effects have been reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our experience supports the switch to a two-drug regimen based on DTG for people with vertically acquired HIV-1, being safe and effective in maintaining virologic suppression and an adequate CD4+ lymphocyte T count.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Indication-Based Pediatric Diagnostic Reference Level Values for Abdominal Computed Tomography: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Tebello Pitso,&nbsp;Ida-Keshia Sebelego,&nbsp;Henra Muller","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70916","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Computed tomography (CT) poses a concern in pediatric patients because of their higher sensitivity to radiation. At the time of the study, nephroblastoma was the most prevalent clinical indication for abdominal CT examinations in pediatric patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish pediatric typical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for contrast-enhanced abdominal CT examinations of pediatric patients presenting with nephroblastoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The volume CT dose index (CTDI_vol), dose-length product (DLP) and patient weight of 121 patients with nephroblastoma were collected retrospectively. Size-specific dose estimates (SSDE), CTDI_vol and DLP were used to calculate DRL values. The SSDE was added as an additional parameter because dose estimates based on the patient's size are considered more precise. Patients were categorized into five weight groups for which DRL values were established per group. The pediatric DRL values in this study were set at the median of the data distribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diagnostic reference level values were only established for two weight groups that adhered to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) guidelines. The DRL values for CTDI_vol ranged from 2.4 to 2.7 mGy, while the DLP ranged from 78.4 to 108 mGy.cm, and SSDE_sum ranged from 4.9 to 5.6 mGy. The DRL values of this study were lower than the European Commission (EC) DRL values and higher than those of other international studies. The lower DRL values of this study will be used to further tailor the radiation dose to be lower than usual for optimization of the radiation dose received by pediatric patients for CT abdomen examinations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For efficient dose optimization, clinical indication, body weight, and SSDE should be considered when developing pediatric DRL values. Future optimization strategies will benefit from adapting patient size and clinical indication as suggested and supported by the findings of this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70916","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges Faced by Caregivers of Individuals With Substance Use Disorder in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Anila Sadaf Mubashir,&nbsp;Rida Kainaat,&nbsp;S. M. Yasir Arafat","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Caregivers play a vital role in the treatment of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) and encounter numerous challenges. It is essential to highlight these challenges to develop appropriate interventions aimed at supporting caregivers of individuals with SUDs. The present study aimed to explore the challenges faced by caregivers while caring for their family members with SUDs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative research design was employed, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The sample consisted of 18 caregivers whose family members were admitted and currently undergoing treatment at a rehabilitation facility in Islamabad, Pakistan. These caregivers represented diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, ethnicities, and cities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The major themes that emerged from the study included personal challenges, economic challenges, social challenges, legal challenges, and healthcare-related challenges. Each theme contained multiple sub-themes, such as psychological factors, personality traits, family dynamics, societal pressures, financial burdens, drug regulation issues, criminal charges, treatment-related challenges, and interactions with healthcare professionals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There appears to be a lack of consideration for caregivers' challenges in Pakistan in SUDs. It is crucial to provide caregivers of individuals with SUDs with evidence-based and culturally adapted support to address the challenges they face while caring for their loved ones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Bioavailable 25(OH)D Levels With Endometriosis in Infertile Bangladeshi Women: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ratna Paul,&nbsp;Mst Sabrina Moonajilin,&nbsp;Hridhima karmakar,&nbsp;Himel Pal,&nbsp;Swatilekha Paul,&nbsp;Sujit Kumar Sarker,&nbsp;Labina Taher","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infertility is a significant public health issue worldwide, and endometriosis is a major contributor to infertility, impacting 6%–10% of reproductive-aged women. The objective of the study is to assess the relationship between bioavailable 25(OH)D (BVD) levels and endometriosis among infertile women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was carried out among infertile women at Dhaka Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh, examining the association of bioavailable 25(OH)D levels with endometriosis in infertile Bangladeshi women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A statistically significant difference in BVD levels was observed between infertile women with and without endometriosis. Specifically, the mean BVD level was substantially higher in infertile women without endometriosis compared to those diagnosed with the condition. BVD levels were significantly lower among the participants aged between 26 and 30 years for women without endometriosis. Women aged 26–30 years had the highest BVD, while those aged 31–35 years had the lowest. The association between body mass index (BMI) and BVD levels is statistically significant in women with endometriosis. Notably, underweight women had the highest mean BVD, followed by obese women, while overweight and normal BMI participants had notably lower values. Rural women with endometriosis showed slightly higher BVD levels than urban women, though this was not statistically significant. In the non-endometriosis group, urban women had lower BVD levels than their rural counterparts. BVD levels show slight variations across educational levels, but without significant trends. However, we did not find any significant association between BVD levels and other variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study adds to the growing body of evidence linking BVD with infertility, particularly in the context of endometriosis. While consistent with global trends, the unique socio-demographic and cultural factors in Bangladesh highlight the need for region-specific approaches to address vitamin D deficiency and its reproductive health implications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of General Practitioners and Nonrheumatologists on Rheumatoid Arthritis in Burkina Faso in 2024: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ismael Ayouba Tinni,&nbsp;Wendyam Nadège Yameogo,&nbsp;Yannick Laurent Tchenadoyo Bayala,&nbsp;Bakoubassé Aissata Son,&nbsp;Issa Ouedraogo,&nbsp;Fulgence Kabore,&nbsp;Wendlassida Joelle Stéphanie Zabsonre/Tiendrebeogo,&nbsp;Dieu-Doné Ouedraogo","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rheumatoid arthritis is still poorly understood by medical personnel in sub-Saharan Africa, resulting in significant diagnostic delays. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of general practitioners and nonrheumatologist specialists regarding rheumatoid arthritis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from January 22 to February 22, 2024. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire from general practitioners and nonrheumatology specialists practicing in Burkina Faso. The association between variables was tested using the chi-squared test. The significance level was set at 5%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and forty-five physicians completed the questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 32.01 ± 4.066 [25; 47] years. The proportion of men was 62.10% (90). The proportion of general practitioners was 61.40% (89). The mean knowledge score was 12.51 ± 2.741 [4; 18] out of 20. Of the 145 physicians who completed the questionnaire, 22.76% (33) were confronted with rheumatoid arthritis in their practice. The mean attitude score was 9.64 ± 3.389 (3 − 16) out of 20. The mean practice score was 14.76 ± 2.292 (9 − 19) out of 20. Physicians with average/good knowledge had no idea about biotherapy in 72.90% (62) of the cases, compared to 27.10% (23) who had an idea about biotherapy (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Physicians with average/good knowledge had unfavorable attitudes in 58.30% (14) of cases compared to 41.70% (10) who had favorable attitudes (<i>p</i> = 0.42). Physicians with average/good knowledge had inadequate practices in 29.20% (7) of cases versus 70.80% (17) with adequate practices (<i>p</i> = 0.019).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The majority of participants had an acceptable level of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding rheumatoid arthritis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Preferences and Willingness to Pay for COVID-19 Vaccine Among Individuals With and Without Chronic Diseases: A Discrete Choice Experiment Approach","authors":"Afroza Begum,&nbsp;Md. Azhar Uddin,&nbsp;Syed M. Ahsan,&nbsp;Md. Ahsanul Islam","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rapid development and deployment of COVID-19 vaccines have been pivotal in the global battle against the pandemic. However, vaccine acceptance remains a critical determinant of their effectiveness. While numerous studies have explored factors influencing vaccine acceptance, there is a notable dearth of research regarding preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) among individuals with chronic diseases (ChD) who are at heightened risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. This study addresses this gap by investigating COVID-19 vaccine preferences and WTP among individuals with and without chronic diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Employing a discrete choice experiment (DCE) approach, we interviewed 843 participants to assess their preference for COVID-19 vaccine attributes such as origin, efficacy level, protection duration, and provider. We used a mixed logit model to analyze DCE data and estimated WTP by taking the negative ratio of preference and price parameters. Furthermore, we performed a stratified analysis according to the household head's ChD status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As expected, vaccines with higher efficacy and longer protection are most preferred. Interestingly, our research shows a preference for European and American vaccines over Chinese vaccines. Additionally, this study reveals a preference for private facilities over government facilities for vaccinations among vaccine seekers. Patients with ChD exhibit higher WTP than those without such conditions, demonstrating the group's urgency in becoming vaccinated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vaccine procurement and administration decisions by health authorities should be evidence-based and reflect public preferences regarding acceptance and WTP. Health authorities should prioritize both high efficacy and long-lasting protection in vaccine procurement, ensuring that neither is compromised. This approach addresses the top concerns of both groups—vaccine effectiveness for the ChD group and extended immunity for the NChD group. This study also informs policy decisions regarding vaccine origin and suggests incorporating private facilities as vaccine administration points to reduce pressure on government facilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors and Cumulative Risk of Comorbid Myopia and Obesity Among Children and Adolescents in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jingfeng Mu,&nbsp;Haoxi Zhong,&nbsp;Mingjie Jiang","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myopia and obesity in children and adolescents pose a significant social burden. Currently, limited studies are available on the potential risk factors for the comorbid myopia and obesity in children and adolescents, and effective preventive strategies remain inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the risk factors and cumulative risk of comorbid myopia and obesity in children and adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Students aged 6–12 years (<i>n</i> = 3131) from Shenzhen were selected via a stratified, random, cluster sampling method. Logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors for comorbid myopia and obesity. Generalized linear models were used to explore the correlations among cumulative risk scores, refraction, and body mass index (BMI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of comorbid myopia and obesity was 7.3%, while that of myopia and obesity individually were 47.4% and 16.2%, respectively. The comorbidity rate increased from 3.7% in Grade 1 to 11.3% in Grade 6 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–1.38), frequent fried food consumption (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.07–2.67), and lower household income (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.02–1.84) were associated with a higher risk of comorbid myopia and obesity. The cumulative risk score was positively associated with comorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Comorbid of myopia and obesity in children and adolescents is a current concern. Age, dietary factors, and household income were identified as risk factors for comorbid myopia and obesity. Developing healthy dietary and lifestyles habits in children and adolescent is a key preventive measure for common conditions, including myopia and obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Neoatherosclerosis and Intervention-Associated Neoatheroma Rupture on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With In-Stent Restenosis: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Xiao-Xia Zhang,&nbsp;Qing Chen,&nbsp;Xiao-Jiang Zhang,&nbsp;Yao-Dong Ding,&nbsp;Guo-Zhong Wang,&nbsp;Mao-Xiao Nie,&nbsp;Yong Zeng","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment of drug-eluting stents (DES) in-stent restenosis (ISR) was challenging. Neoatherosclerosis (NA) occurs earlier and more frequently in DES-ISR. This study aims to analyze the effect of neoatheroma morphology and intervention-associated neoatheroma intima rupture on intervention strategies and clinical outcomes in patients with DES-ISR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analyzed 56 consecutive patients with symptomatic DES-ISR and optical coherence tomography (OCT) verified in-stent NA who had been treated by repeat stenting or drug-coated balloon (DCB). Patients were divided into two groups according to whether there was severe neoatheroma intima rupture (SNIR) after balloon angioplasty. Characteristics of the neointima were analyzed. Intervention strategies and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SNIR occurred in 29 patients after balloon angioplasty. Repeat stenting was more frequent in these patients (48.3% vs. 7.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.009). The incidence of target lesion revascularization (TLR) was significantly higher in patients with SNIR (37.9% vs. 11.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.021), SNIR was an independent risk factors of TLR (HR: 3.997, <i>p</i> = 0.034). In patients with SNIR, repeat stenting significantly reduced the rate of TLR than DCB (14.3% vs. 60.0% <i>p</i> = 0.014). The lipid pool depth and the maximum lipid arc of the neoatheroma were significantly larger and the percentage of the frame with neoatherosclerosis was significantly higher in patients with SNIR (510.1 ± 162.7 vs. 370.7 ± 129.6 µm, <i>p</i> = 0.001; 155.5 ± 41.6 vs. 107.7 ± 44.4 degrees, <i>p</i> = 0.000; and 28.2% ± 14.3% vs. 16.0% ± 9.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that HbA1C (OR = 1.868, <i>p</i> = 0.044) and time from PCI to ISR (OR = 1.278, <i>p</i> = 0.026) were independent predictors of SNIR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intervention-associated severe neoatheroma rupture increased the risk of recurrent TLR, repeat stenting was more effective than DCB in such patients. Neoatherosclerosis with a significant lipid pool is closely related to intervention-associated SNIR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}