Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis Assessing Paravalvular Leak and Pacemaker Implantation Using TEE and Non-Contrast CT for CKD Patients Compared With CT Angiography for Annular Sizing Pre-TAVR","authors":"Michael O'Shaughnessy,&nbsp;Roxana Tabrizi,&nbsp;Derek Pham,&nbsp;Nicholas Jackson,&nbsp;Olcay Aksoy,&nbsp;Andre Akhondi,&nbsp;Jeanne Huchting,&nbsp;Richard Shemin,&nbsp;Murray Kwon,&nbsp;Peyman Benharash,&nbsp;Brandon Kim,&nbsp;Amir Rabbani","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70847","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the treatment of choice for many patients with severe aortic stenosis. Proper pre-procedure sizing of the aortic annulus is crucial in preventing post-TAVR complications. This is typically performed with CT angiography, but the use of contrast is controversial in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study of 557 patients from 2016 to 2021 sought to evaluate a contrast-sparing protocol for balloon expandable TAVR evaluation in patients with CKD, in which patients with glomerular filtration rate of less than 40 would undergo transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) and CT without contrast (83 patients) for aortic annular sizing instead of CT angiography (445 patients).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that there was no significant difference in rates of greater than trace or greater than mild paravalvular leak between the two groups at hospital discharge, 30 days, or 1-year post-TAVR. We also found no difference in rates of permanent pacemaker implantation at these same time points.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This suggests that TEE and non-contrast CT could be a viable alternative to CTA in patients with CKD, although more research into other variables such as mortality and other post-procedural complications is necessary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70847","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can “Attenuation Subtraction”, a Computed Tomography Scan-Based Factor, be Used as a Predictor of High-Risk Esophageal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients? A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Mohammad Mersad Mansouri Tehrani,&nbsp;Nasser Bahari,&nbsp;Kian Goudarzi,&nbsp;Faeze Salahshour,&nbsp;Babak Shekarchi,&nbsp;Mohammad Masih Mansouri-Tehrani,&nbsp;Majid Nouri","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70840","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liver cirrhosis is a severe condition that can result in complications such as portal hypertension and esophageal varices (EVs). While current guidelines recommend screening for EVs, existing procedures are often invasive, costly, and occasionally unreliable. This study aims to develop a CT-based predictor for identifying high-risk esophageal varices group (HRG) in cirrhotic patients, offering a noninvasive, safe, and cost-effective alternative that integrates seamlessly into routine follow-up without requiring additional resources or time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study retrospectively analyzed data from 2016 to 2021 of cirrhotic patients referred to a hospital in Tehran. Experienced professionals analyzed factors related to CT scans, and patients were categorized into high-risk and non-high-risk varicose veins groups by endoscopy. The main sample size for the study was 62 patients with an average age of 50.2 ± 11.5 years. Also, we aimed to determine a diagnostic cutoff and externally validated it in a separate statistical population (29 patients).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found that liver attenuation subtraction, Child-Pugh score, and direct visualization of esophageal varices in CT scans were significant factors in predicting high-risk esophageal varices. The study showed that a liver attenuation subtraction of 14.5 HU (CI 95%: 0.949–1) with an inverse relationship could predict high-risk esophageal varices with high accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study indicated that liver “Attenuation Subtraction” in CT scans distinguishes high-risk and non-high-risk esophageal varices. Furthermore, external validation demonstrated that this cutoff value is generalizable to other statistical populations. We pinpoint an indicator of high-risk esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis devoid of invasiveness and peril and do not impose supplementary expenses or time beyond the customary monitoring of cirrhotic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70840","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and the 10-Year Prospective Risk of Dyslipidemia: A Cohort Study From Healthy Heart Project (YHHP)","authors":"Hamidreza Mohammadi,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Mirjalili,&nbsp;Pedro Manuel Marques-Vidal,&nbsp;Marzieh Azimizadeh,&nbsp;Seyede Mahdiah Nemayandah,&nbsp;Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi,&nbsp;Sedighe Sadeghi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70857","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is increasingly prevalent globally, particularly in developing countries undergoing lifestyle transitions. Serum uric acid (SUA) has been implicated in various metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia. This study aimed to evaluate the association between high SUA and the 10-year prospective risk of dyslipidemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cohort study uses data from the Yazd Healthy Heart Project (YHHP). Participants were followed for 10 years, during which the association between dyslipidemia incidence and SUA levels was assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 693 participants analyzed, higher SUA quartiles were associated with older age, male gender, and adverse anthropometric and metabolic profiles. Elevated SUA levels correlated positively with triglycerides (<i>r</i> = 0.21, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), total (<i>r</i> = 0.13, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<i>r</i> = 0.12, <i>p</i> = 0.001) levels, but not with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<i>r</i> = 0.07, <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). After adjusting for age, lifestyle factors, and metabolic parameters, the incidence of dyslipidemia increased across SUA quartiles in males, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.33 (95% CI: 0.90–1.97), 1.66 (95% CI: 1.10–2.54), and 1.79 (95% CI: 1.17–2.72) for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of SUA, respectively (<i>p</i> for trend 0.001), but not in females: 1.11 (95% CI: 0.59–2.06), 0.95 (95% CI: 0.55–1.64), and 1.14 (95% CI: 0.60–2.16), respectively, <i>p</i> for trend 0.86.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated SUA levels independently associated with the development of dyslipidemia over a decade in an Iranian population. The findings underscore the potential utility of SUA as a biomarker for assessing dyslipidemia risk, particularly in men. Further research should explore mechanistic pathways linking SUA to dyslipidemia and evaluate interventions targeting SUA reduction to mitigate dyslipidemia risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racecadotril Versus Loperamide for Acute Diarrhea of Infectious Origin in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Maryam Aziz,&nbsp;Laiba Urooj Malik,&nbsp;Erum Javed,&nbsp;Syeda Zuha Sami,&nbsp;Muhammad Maaz,&nbsp;Muhammad Arham Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Farmaan,&nbsp;Omer Farooq,&nbsp;Umer Iqbal,&nbsp;Aashish Kumar,&nbsp;Syed Ali Arsal,&nbsp;Shafin Bin Amin,&nbsp;Inibehe Ime Okon","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70849","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Loperamide and racecadotril are two antidiarrheal medications with different mechanisms of action that are highly important for the treatment of diarrhea as a result of infectious pathology. Acute infectious diarrhea has a profound impact on our surroundings because of its detrimental effects on individual health. Medication such as racecadotril, among various other drug classes, plays a pivotal role in treating these diseases via the management of symptoms through its antisecretory, proabsorptive effects on the intestinal tract. The main objective of this analysis was to evaluate and contrast the usefulness and safety profiles of these drugs by combining information from randomized controlled trials and highlighting important side effects reported, such as constipation and stomach discomfort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 117 records were found after a thorough literature search was carried out across several databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library. The Cochrane Collaboration technique was utilized to evaluate the potential for bias. RevMan 5.2 data analysis was performed via a random effects model. The results are displayed as the mean difference (MD) with 95% CI for continuous data and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous data. Statistical significance was established at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with loperamide, racecadotril significantly improved the clinical response (relative risk [RR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Additionally, the analysis of secondary outcomes revealed varying effects on abdominal pain, constipation, and abdominal enlargement, with moderate heterogeneity observed (<i>I</i>² = 56%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with loperamide, racecadotril is a better therapeutic option for adult diarrhea caused by infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70849","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General Practitioners' Perspectives on Barriers to Communication With Specialists in the Referral System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis","authors":"Hamed Fattahi,&nbsp;Faezeh Ghasemi Seproo,&nbsp;Arash Fattahi,&nbsp;Vahideh Rostami,&nbsp;Azad Shokri","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70785","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For achieving an effective integrated primary health care, communication between healthcare providers is a key element. This study aimed to identify general practitioners' reported barriers to communication within referral systems and propose actionable strategies for improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Guided by PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 22 qualitative studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest were analyzed using inductive thematic synthesis. Quality assessment followed Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four central themes emerged: structural barriers (subthemes: inefficient health system, shortages in the number of specialists and heavy workload), regulatory and procedural barriers (subthemes: lack of comprehensive communication protocols, unclear delineation of roles and responsibilities, inadequate economic incentives, lack of continuity between providers, lack of interest in specialists, time consuming communication process), technological barriers (subthemes: ineffective methods for communication, challenges in using electronic medical records), and personal and interpersonal barriers (subthemes: having different approaches to healthcare, inappropriate specialists' perceptions of general practitioners' roles, lack of professional trust and respect, social anxiety disorder in the workplace).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health policymakers must prioritize structural and procedural reforms, including standardized communication frameworks, interoperable digital infrastructure, and interprofessional training programs. Addressing these gaps can enhance referral system efficiency, reduce diagnostic delays, and strengthen health system resilience, particularly in low-resource settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The protocol of the review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on December 20, 2023 (Supporting Information S1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70785","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Psychopathology of Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU): A Narrative Review of Burden, Mediating Factors, and Prevention","authors":"Egide Ndayambaje,&nbsp;Promise Udohchukwu Okereke","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70843","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background &amp; Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has emerged as a growing public health concern, with increasing evidence linking it to mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. While smartphones offer numerous benefits, excessive use can contribute to cognitive overload, emotional distress, and behavioral addiction. This review aims to explore the burden of PSU, its psychological and neurobiological mediating factors, and potential prevention and intervention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A narrative literature review was conducted using relevant studies from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Articles were selected based on their relevance to PSU and its associations with mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Both theoretical and empirical studies were included to provide a broad perspective on the topic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings indicate that PSU is associated with increased stress, anxiety, depression, and sleep disruptions. The mechanisms underlying these associations include dopaminergic dysregulation, social comparison, Fear of Missing Out, cognitive overload, and poor sleep hygiene. Various interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, digital detox programs, and smartphone usage tracking applications, have been proposed to mitigate the negative impact of PSU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PSU is a significant risk factor for mental health disturbances, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Addressing PSU requires a multi-faceted approach involving behavioral interventions, public awareness initiatives, and policy regulations. Further research is needed to assess the long-term effectiveness of existing interventions and to develop tailored strategies for reducing smartphone overuse and its psychological consequences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70843","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Scoring Balloons in STEMI Patients Treated With DCB-Only Angioplasty: A Single Center Study","authors":"Ioannis Merinopoulos,&nbsp;Natasha Corballis,&nbsp;Tharusha Gunawardena,&nbsp;U. Bhalraam,&nbsp;Rajkumar Natarajan,&nbsp;Johannes Reinhold,&nbsp;Upul Wickramarachchi,&nbsp;Clint Maart,&nbsp;Chris Sawh,&nbsp;Sreekumar Sulfi,&nbsp;Tim Gilbert,&nbsp;Trevor Wistow,&nbsp;Alisdair Ryding,&nbsp;Vassilios S. Vassiliou,&nbsp;Simon C. Eccleshall","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70839","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized trial has previously demonstrated that neointimal modification with a scoring balloon improves the anti-restenotic effect of drug-coated balloon (DCB) in patients with drug-eluting stent restenosis. There are very limited data about the safety and efficacy of using scoring balloons as part of lesion preparation in patients with STEMI, especially in patients with de novo disease treated with DCB-only angioplasty.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We undertook an analysis of the SPARTAN Norwich Registry to address this question. We compared the composite endpoint of cardiovascular mortality or unplanned target lesion revascularization in the DCB-only cohort stratified based on the use or not of scoring balloon as part of the lesion preparation. Furthermore, we undertook a propensity score-matched analysis of the DCB-only cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 452 consecutive patients were treated with DCB-only angioplasty and scoring balloon was used in 121 patients as part of the lesion preparation. Scoring balloon was not a significant predictor of the composite endpoint even after propensity score-matched analysis. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was the only significant predictor of the composite endpoint after propensity score-matched analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first study demonstrating the safety and efficacy of scoring balloon as part of lesion preparation in patients with STEMI due to de novo disease treated with DCB-only angioplasty.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04482972; Unique identifier: NCT04482972.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70839","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Gum Diseases Among Patients Attending the Diabetic Clinic at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Kwame Adu Okyere Boadu,&nbsp;Esther Priscilla Biamah Danquah,&nbsp;Elsa Kudiabor,&nbsp;Nana Atuahene Oti,&nbsp;John Billy Owusu Quarshie,&nbsp;Nana Bempong Owusu-Ankomah","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70837","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gum diseases, notably periodontitis, are a major cause of tooth loss and are bidirectionally linked to diabetes. This study assessed their prevalence and risk factors among diabetic clinic attendees at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Ghana.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A descriptive cross-sectional study involved 101 diabetic patients (100% response rate) from July 19, 2023 to August 18, 2023. Data were collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires and the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) using a WHO probe (25 g force). IBM SPSS 27 analyzed the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Periodontitis was most prevalent (58.4%), followed by gingivitis (36.6%). Among 41–50-year-olds (35.6% of the sample), periodontitis peaked at 66.7%, with females (58.4% of the total) showing 64.4% prevalence versus 50% in males. Type 2 diabetes dominated (73.3%), with 60.8% diagnosed &lt; 1 year. Smokers (22.8%) had a 73.9% periodontitis rate versus 53.8% in non-smokers (77.2%). Only 26.7% attended dental check-ups more than once yearly; 73.9% of rare attendees had periodontitis. All reported good glycemic control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Periodontitis predominates among type 2 diabetics at KATH, with age (41–50), female gender, smoking, and infrequent dental visits as key risk factors. The self-reported questionnaire effectively screened gum diseases, supporting its broader use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70837","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Participation in Physiotherapy Services Following a Total Shoulder Replacement Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Rochelle Furtado,&nbsp;Marco Bandiera,&nbsp;Nevin Becker,&nbsp;Lisa Mitchell,&nbsp;Luca Paron,&nbsp;Tyler Shalansky,&nbsp;Dakota Turner-Johnston,&nbsp;Joy C. MacDermid","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70830","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When designing appropriate rehabilitation programs after a shoulder replacement, it is critical to consider the multitude of factors that can influence a patient's participation. Therefore, this study aims to quantitively understand the factors that affect access and participation to physiotherapy services after a shoulder replacement in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our research team created an online of 58 questions, focusing on personal characteristics, geographic accessibility, socioeconomic status, preferences for care, social support, and cultural beliefs to understand potential barriers and facilitators to accessing services. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was analyzed through quantitative descriptive statistics and interpretive descriptive methodology. Data was stratified by gender. Data collection took place in 2020–2022.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 51 (53% women) people participated in this survey; with the average age of 64.6 (9.4) years old. Gender heavily influenced patients' preferences on accessing care and physiotherapy services. Social factors, economic factors and personal factors emerged as potential barriers to participation in physiotherapy for women. Patient expectations differed by gender, as women prioritize return to daily activities (93%), whereas men prioritized sport/recreational activities (85%). Finally, preferences for delivery of physiotherapy differed based on gender, as men prefer in person (77%) and women prefer virtual.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This survey was able to investigate trends that influence participation to rehabilitation after a shoulder replacement, both quantitatively and qualitatively. This study is a starting point for future research to explore how factors such as gender roles and social expectations may affect individuals' participation in rehabilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70830","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Prevalence of Uncontrolled Asthma and Its Association With Obesity and GERD-Related Symptoms in Syria: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Duaa Bakdounes,&nbsp;Ruba Dughly,&nbsp;Imad-Addin Almasri,&nbsp;Nafiza Martini,&nbsp;Majd Hanna,&nbsp;Douaa Albelal,&nbsp;Hussam Al bardan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70828","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Asthma control remains suboptimal globally, with high rates of partly and uncontrolled disease. Poor asthma control can be attributed to the severity of the disease, ineffective treatment, and the presence of comorbid conditions such as obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study represents the first investigation in Syria to explore the relationship between asthma control status and common asthma comorbidities, namely obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicenter cross-sectional study interviewed 275 asthma patients from respiratory clinics at four hospitals using questionnaires on sociodemographic, asthma control per Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, symptoms, and management. Body Mass Index (BMI), waist-to-hip (WHR) and waist-to-height ratios (WHtR) were calculated. Associations were assessed between asthma control, obesity markers, GERD symptoms, and other variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most patients were women (72%) with a mean age of 41 years. Based on GINA criteria, 60% had uncontrolled, 28.7% partly controlled, and only 11.3% well-controlled asthma. Higher BMI associated significantly with worse control (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Unlike WHR, WHtR correlated with poorer asthma control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). While GERD diagnosis did not relate significantly to asthma control, symptoms like heartburn, chest pain, and chronic cough did (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), as did the lack of GERD treatment with Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) (<i>p</i> = 0.002).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a marked prevalence of inadequately controlled asthma in Syria. Both obesity and GERD-related symptoms correlate with poorer asthma control, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive management strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70828","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}