Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Among Males in Shantou, China (2019–2023)","authors":"Chusheng Huang,&nbsp;Tongtong Xiao,&nbsp;Fan Yang,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Ma","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections globally, posing significant public health challenges. However, research in China has largely focused on female populations, with limited data on male HPV prevalence and genotype distribution. This study aims to evaluate HPV prevalence rates and analyze the distribution of various HPV genotypes among male participants in Shantou, China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was conducted, analyzing data from 2399 male patients who underwent HPV screening at Shantou Central Hospital between 2019 and 2023. PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization techniques were employed to identify and characterize 21 distinct HPV genotypes in the study population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall HPV positivity rate was 44.27% (1062/2399; 95% CI: 42.28%–46.26%), with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) accounting for 24.47% (587/2399; 95% CI: 22.75%–26.19%) and low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) for 32.06% (769/2399; 95% CI: 30.19%–33.92%). Single infections were more common (27.64%), with HPV16 (5.21%), HPV52 (5.13%), and HPV51 (4.54%) being the most prevalent HR-HPV genotypes. HPV6 (18.51%) and HPV11 (10.38%) were the most common LR-HPV types. Coinfections involving HPV6, HPV11, and HPV16 were frequently observed. The nine-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV) covered 65.25% of LR-HPV and 42.00% of HR-HPV types in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings underscore the high burden of HPV infections among males in Shantou, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies, including vaccination programs, to reduce the incidence of HPV-related diseases in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Trends and Evolving Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Burn Patients: A 3-Year Cross-Sectional Surveillance in Northern Iran","authors":"Mahsa Sadeghi,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Mobayen,&nbsp;Tofigh Yaghubi Kalurazi,&nbsp;Zahra Mehrdad,&nbsp;Mohammadamin Khajavi Gaskarei,&nbsp;Sina Kamrani Moghadam,&nbsp;Hadi Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie,&nbsp;Meysam Hasannejad-Bibalan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>) is a major cause of burn wound infections, posing a significant challenge due to its increasing antibiotic resistance. This study evaluated the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates from burn patients admitted to a referral burn center in Northern Iran over 3 years (March 2018–March 2021).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 535 samples collected from burn patients. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods and tested for susceptibility to various antibiotics through the disc diffusion method. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics to assess the prevalence and resistance patterns of the isolates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>P. aeruginosa</i> accounted for 36.1% (193/535) of bacterial isolates. The annual prevalence of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> varied from 19.6% to 44.4%, with the highest frequency observed among patients with 26%–50% total body surface area burns. Skin and soft tissue infections were the most common source (75.1%), followed by bloodstream infections (15%). Notably, 62.7% of isolates originated from intensive care unit (ICU) patients. High resistance was observed against ceftazidime (80%), ciprofloxacin (77.2%), imipenem (76.6%), and meropenem (76.1%). Conversely, amikacin (78.2%) and gentamicin (45%) exhibited the highest susceptibility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicate a high prevalence of <i>Pseudomonas</i> with DTR, highlighting the need for stricter antibiotic stewardship and alternative treatment options. While amikacin showed higher susceptibility in our study, the recent CLSI 2023 guidelines suggest its use should be limited to urine isolates. In light of these updated recommendations, the use of aminoglycosides in treating <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections requires cautious evaluation. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to generalize these findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology Addiction: Effects of Electronic Games and Social Media Use on Academic Performance and Symptoms of Psychiatric Disorders Among School-Age Adolescents","authors":"Mosiur Rahman,&nbsp;Prosannajid Sarkar,&nbsp;Syed Emdadul Haque,&nbsp;G. M. Rabiul Islam,&nbsp;Md. Nuruzzaman Haque,&nbsp;Tapan Kumar Roy,&nbsp;Farhana Akhter Liza,&nbsp;Anika Tabashsum,&nbsp;Md. Rashed Alam,&nbsp;Mahmudul Hasan,&nbsp;Izzeldin Fadl Adam,&nbsp;Nguyen Huu Chau Duc,&nbsp;Chowdhury Mashrur Mahdee,&nbsp;Jannatul Fardos Asha","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is conflicting research regarding the negative effects of electronic gaming and addictive social media use on psychological disorders and academic achievement. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between social media use and electronic gaming addiction with depression and academic achievement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This investigation is cross-sectional. The selection process involved 800 adolescents enrolled in grades 9 and 10 across four public and private high schools in the Rajshahi City Corporation. The outcomes of interest were depression and academic performance. Addiction to playing electronic games and using social media (mainly Facebook) were exposure of interest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From the total sample, 9.3% and 28.3% reported that they were addicted to electronic games and social media use. The mean scores for depression and academic achievement were 10.2 and 3.2, respectively. For one unit increase in depression scores, the odds of addiction to playing electronic games and using social media increase by a factor of 1.14 and 1.12. Additionally, it was found that for one unit an increase in academic performance scores, the odds of addiction to playing electronic games and using social media decrease by a factor of 0.67 and 0.71.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents who are more likely to engage in addictive behaviors such as playing electronic games or using social media should be the focus of public health initiatives, as they are more susceptible to depression along with poor academic accomplishment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Interval From Coronary Angiography to Bypass Surgery and Risk of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Farzane Mahboubian,&nbsp;Hamidreza Sanati,&nbsp;Erfan Kohansal,&nbsp;Zahra Shafii","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The association of the time interval between coronary angiography and coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) remains uncertain. We evaluated and compared the risk of developing AKI after CABG in two groups of patients with a time interval between coronary angiography and CABG of less than 7 days and more than 7 days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 171 patients who needed to undergo CABG for the first time within 1 month after coronary angiography. Overall, 85 patients underwent operation within 7 days of angiography (Group A) and 86 within 7 days to 1 month after angiography (Group B). AKI was defined using Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Median preoperative biomarkers (serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen) were similar between groups and did not significantly change postoperatively. The incidence of AKI was 5.8% (<i>n</i> = 10), with 4.7% (<i>n</i> = 8) in the Risk class and 1.2% (<i>n</i> = 2) in the Failure class per RIFLE. Despite a numerically higher AKI rate in Group A (8.2%) compared to Group B (3.5%), this difference did not reach statistical significance. Notably, patients who developed AKI had significantly lower preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction compared to those without AKI (40% vs. 50%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While a 7-day interval between angiography and CABG did not significantly impact AKI incidence, we observed a non-significant trend toward higher AKI rates with shorter intervals. Our limited sample size and low overall AKI incidence (5.8%) warrant larger studies to clarify this relationship, particularly in patients with reduced left ventricular function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Tracheal Parameters Based on Quantitative Computed Tomography Assessment Reflecting Pulmonary Function and Eosinophilia in Patients With Asthma Who Demonstrate Persistent Airflow Obstruction: A Retrospective Observational Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Yoshiaki Kitaguchi,&nbsp;Toshitaka Shomura,&nbsp;Yusuke Suzuki,&nbsp;Norihiko Goto,&nbsp;Masamichi Komatsu,&nbsp;Fumika Ueno,&nbsp;Yosuke Wada,&nbsp;Atsuhito Ushiki,&nbsp;Masanori Yasuo,&nbsp;Masayuki Hanaoka","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to clarify relationships between tracheal parameters based on quantitative computed tomography (CT) assessment and clinical features in patients with chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD), asthma and COPD overlap (ACO), and asthma with persistent airflow obstruction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with obstructive airway diseases who underwent pulmonary function tests, chest CT, and laboratory examinations were categorized into COPD, ACO, and asthma with persistent airflow obstruction (obstructive-asthma) groups. The tracheal index (included in the saber-sheath trachea definition) and novel tracheal parameters measured at the same axial CT level, 1 cm above the aortic arch, as defined for the saber-sheath trachea, were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Saber-sheath trachea prevalence was 12.8%, 11.3%, and 1.5% in COPD, ACO, and obstructive-asthma groups, respectively. Significant moderate correlations were observed between the tracheal lumen area/body mass index (BMI) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and between the tracheal lumen area/BMI and functional residual capacity (FRC) in the obstructive-asthma group. In multiple linear regression analysis, PEFR and FRC were independently correlated with the tracheal lumen area/BMI. No significant moderate correlations were observed between tracheal parameters based on quantitative CT assessment and pulmonary function parameters in COPD and ACO groups. A moderate correlation was observed between the mean CT value of the tracheal wall and peripheral eosinophil count in the obstructive-asthma group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pulmonary function parameters and peripheral eosinophil count correlate with tracheal morphological changes based on quantitative CT assessment in asthma with persistent airflow obstruction, suggesting that airway remodeling in asthma induces tracheal morphological changes, regardless of the saber-sheath trachea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Situation Analysis of Immune Response Status One Year After the Nationwide COVID-19 Vaccination in Cameroon: Role of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection","authors":"Arlette Flore Moguem Soubgui,&nbsp;Loick Pradel Kojom Foko,&nbsp;Idriss Ntatou Lemouchele,&nbsp;Elisée Libert Embolo Enyegue,&nbsp;Martin Luther Koanga Mogtomo","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vaccines have been developed to control the COVID-19 pandemic, but vaccine coverage is low in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at analysing the anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response among vaccinated individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between January and September 2022, a multicentre study took place in Douala, Cameroon. Blood samples were used for determining serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies, IL-6, IFN-γ, and CD4 + , while nasopharyngeal samples were used for molecular confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Each participant was administered an ad hoc questionnaire to document demographic, clinical, paraclinical, and anthropometric information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The adjusted seroprevalence of IgM and IgG were 28% and 100%, respectively. Serum IgM levels were higher in those with current infection (235.73 ± 109.42 IU/mL) compared to those with past infection (105.18 ± 16.09 IU/mL), subpatent infection (27.86 ± 9.68 IU/mL), and no infection (15.17 ± 1.83 IU/mL). The levels of IgM were the highest in those vaccinated with Oxford AstraZeneca (73.75 ± 32.48 IU/mL) or Pfizer BioNTech (74.95 ± 26.92 IU/mL) compared to those vaccinated with Sinopharm (37.69 ± 15.55 IU/mL) or Janssen (22.89 ± 4.95 IU/mL). The immune response was significantly modulated by gender, patient's age, presence of any comorbidity, and obesity. In Pfizer BioNTech-vaccinated, the levels of IgG were reduced in obese participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study outlined a significant variation of immune response by type of vaccine, with the modulating effect of factors such as infection, demographical characteristics, and obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Allergic Rhinitis and Children With Appendectomy—A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Wen-Chun Lin,&nbsp;Meng-Che Wu,&nbsp;Yu-Hsun Wang,&nbsp;James Cheng-Chung Wei","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The appendix plays an important role to the human intestinal microbiota and immunity. Thus, appendectomy may alter immune function and intestinal biofilm. Allergic rhinitis is a common disease which is due to imbalance of TH2/TH1 cells and cytokine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of allergic rhinitis after appendectomy in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data source was the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), which is a large, population-based database in Taiwan. We collected 4013 patients who had undergone appendectomy (case group) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2018 and matched them with 16,052 patients who had not undergone appendectomy (control group) by sex and age using proportional propensity score (PSM) at a ratio of 1:4 after excluding patients with a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in the year prior to appendectomy. In addition, Poisson regression and subgroup analyses were used to investigate the relative risk of the development of allergic rhinitis after appendectomy in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The relative risk of subsequent allergic rhinitis in patients who had undergone appendectomy was found to be higher (RR = 1.24; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) than in patients who had never undergone appendectomy. Subgroup analysis showed the risk of allergic rhinitis after appendectomy was significantly higher in patients aged 6–11 years and 12–18 years, and for both genders, living place, and lower income groups. When stratified by follow-up duration, the risk of developing allergic rhinitis within 5 years of follow-up was also significantly higher in the exposed group than in the control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Appendectomy was correlated with a 1.24-fold increased risk of developing allergic rhinitis in children, especially within 5 years of follow-up. Therefore, we suggest that the indication of appendectomy should be carefully evaluated to decide the best way to treat acute appendicitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Local Vibration and Thoracolumbar Orthosis on Thoracic Kyphosis Angle and Trunk Flexor and Extensor Muscles in Older Adults With Hyperkyphosis: A Randomized Control Trial","authors":"Fatemeh Keshavarzi,&nbsp;Mokhtar Arazpour,&nbsp;Iraj Abdollahi,&nbsp;Akbar Biglarian,&nbsp;Saeed Behzadipour","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adding a local vibration system to a semirigid thoracolumbar orthosis may improve the effectiveness of the orthosis on muscle function in seniors with age-related hyperkyphosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was a parallel two-arm randomized controlled trial. Eighteen seniors with age-related hyperkyphosis were randomized into the conventional semi-rigid thoracolumbar orthosis group (control group) or the conventional semi-rigid thoracolumbar orthosis plus local vibration (intervention group); from June 10, 2023 to December 21, 2023. The outcomes included the thoracic kyphosis angle (TKA), parameters of isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic trunk muscle function; the SF-36 questionnaire; the 2-min walk test (2 MW); the 10-m walk test (10 MW); and the timed up and go test (TUG). Dependent variables were compared between groups across three time points using mixed-model ANOVA. One-way repeated-measures ANOVA was applied for significant time interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 6 weeks, the TKA significantly improved (<i>p</i> = 0.001) in both groups and showed more reduction in the intervention group (<i>p</i> = 0.001). The average torque of the trunk isometric extensor (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and flexor (<i>p</i> = 0.027) significantly improved in both groups. The average power of the isotonic extensors (<i>p</i> = 0.018) and flexors (<i>p</i> = 0.024) improved significantly. Isokinetic work for extensors (<i>p</i> = 0.030), flexors (<i>p</i> = 0.021) and average power (<i>p</i> = 0.017) increased.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TKA significantly improved after 6 weeks of intervention. This improvement was significantly more in the intervention group. Adding local vibration may improve the isotonic and isokinetic torques and time parameters but not the isometric parameters of the trunk muscles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequalities and Determinants of Quality Antenatal Care Coverage Among Women of Reproductive Age (15–49) in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of National Data","authors":"Sanun Ally Kessy,&nbsp;Sophia A. Kagoye,&nbsp;Jovin R. Tibenderana,&nbsp;Ahmed Yusuph Nyaki,&nbsp;Rachel N. Manongi,&nbsp;Innocent B. Mboya","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maternal and neonatal mortality remain high in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which can be reduced by the expanded antenatal care (ANC) services intervention. Challenges exist in the quality coverage of ANC in Tanzania. We aimed to assess inequalities and determinants of quality ANC coverage among women of reproductive age (WRA, 15–49 years) in Tanzania.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from 6620 women of reproductive age using the 2022 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. Quality ANC coverage (ANCq) was measured using seven indicators, with scores ≥ 7 classified as adequate. Log-linear regression models were used to determine factors associated with ANCq using Stata version 18.0. Inequalities in ANCq by age categories, education level, socioeconomic status (SES), area of residence, and geographical zones were analyzed using WHO HEAT 3.1 through Difference and Population Attributable Risk measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 6620 WRA (43%), had adequate ANCq coverage. Higher inequalities were observed among women with low education, low SES, rural residence, and living in western zones. ANCq coverage was positively associated with high SES (RR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.20–1.52), secondary/higher education (RR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06–1.38), high media exposure (RR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00–1.21), easy access to health facility (RR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.27), and partner's higher education (RR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08–1.52). Inverse associations were observed among older women (35–49 years) (RR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80–0.97) and those with higher birth order (RR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.72–0.84).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study demonstrates suboptimal ANCq coverage in Tanzania, especially among disadvantaged groups, which quality ANCq having a positive association with rich wealth status, higher education level, high media exposure, health facility access, and older maternal age. Addressing these socioeconomic disparities is crucial for improving ANCq coverage and maternal and child health outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Perfectionism and Quality of Sleep: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Sudanese Medical Students","authors":"Mohamed H. Elbadawi,&nbsp;Amr A. Mubasher,&nbsp;Alaa A. Abdulgalil,&nbsp;Aya Alsaid,&nbsp;Nafisa Elameen,&nbsp;Ragad Magdi,&nbsp;Waad A. Mohamed,&nbsp;Mohamed H. Fadul","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Perfectionism is the pursuit of perfection, the imposition of unreasonably high standards, and a constant state of self-criticism. Perfectionism, which can lead to depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anxiety, can affect the quality of sleep, thereby leading to less productivity. Medical students are more likely to develop sleep-deprived lifestyles, which can be due to the stressful environment of medical school. This study primarily addresses the association between perfectionism among medical students and poor sleep quality. A secondary aim is to study the socio-demographic differences based on gender and academic year.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analytical and facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted between April and July 2023 at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan. It used two validated questionnaires: the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (F-MPS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire via social media platforms. Data Analysis was performed using SPSS version 21, employing descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 233 medical students included in the study, almost 60% of the sample suffered from poor sleep quality. No significant mean differences were observed in gender or age in relation to perfectionism or sleep quality. Only two domains of perfectionism were found to be significantly associated with poor sleep quality: “concerns over mistakes and doubts of action” and “concern with parental expectation and evaluation” (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 for both domains). There was a positive and significant association between the total perfectionism scale and sleep quality (<i>r</i> = 0.222, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), meaning that higher perfectionism scores were found to be associated with poor sleep quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study highlighted the small, positive, and significant association between total perfectionism and sleep quality. Neither gender nor academic year appeared to contribute to this association. Therefore, this study reveals the effect of perfectionism on disturbing sleep quality, unbiased by either gender or academic year, with potential clinical and therapeutic applications that could benefit medical students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}