Etransportation最新文献

{"title":"Temperature-dependent degradation mechanisms of LiFePO4/graphite batteries under multi-step fast charging protocols","authors":"Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Jinyang Dong ,&nbsp;Qi Shi ,&nbsp;Yun Lu ,&nbsp;Kang Yan ,&nbsp;Yibiao Guan ,&nbsp;Xiaolu Yang ,&nbsp;Fangze Zhao ,&nbsp;Ning Li ,&nbsp;Yuefeng Su ,&nbsp;Feng Wu ,&nbsp;Lai Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of fast-charging strategies is crucial for advancing lithium-ion battery (LIB) technologies, particularly in applications requiring rapid energy replenishment without compromising long-term durability. This study systematically investigates the temperature-dependent degradation behavior of LiFePO₄/graphite (LFP/Gr) pouch cells under a multi-step fast-charging protocol. A combination of multi-scale non-destructive evaluations and post-mortem structural analyses was employed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Results demonstrate that at moderate temperatures (45 °C), the multi-step charging strategy effectively shortens charging time by approximately one-third compared to conventional methods while maintaining stable cycling performance. However, under elevated temperatures (65 °C), despite the improvement in charging speed, significant acceleration of capacity fading and structural deterioration is observed. Mechanistic insights reveal that active lithium inventory loss, rather than active material degradation, predominantly governs the aging process, with thermal effects exacerbating side reactions, interfacial instability, and lattice disorder. Furthermore, the interplay between lithium-ion transport, polarization effects, and mechanical stress under varying thermal conditions critically impacts electrode integrity. These findings highlight that while multi-step fast charging provides considerable efficiency advantages under controlled conditions, it substantially amplifies degradation at higher temperatures, necessitating temperature-sensitive optimization to balance charging speed with long-term battery stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing fast-charging protocols with section-based Bayesian optimization for lithium-ion batteries to prevent Li-plating","authors":"Seongho Yoon ,&nbsp;Yoonmo Lee ,&nbsp;Hong-Keun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a model-based optimization framework for fast-charging protocols in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), combining a physics-based electrochemical model with Bayesian optimization (BO). Two BO-based multi-step constant current (MCC) protocols, namely a single-section and a bi-section strategy, were developed and experimentally validated using a commercial 55.6 Ah pouch-type LIB cell under various conditions. By incorporating physics-informed safety constraints such as Li-plating potential, voltage, and temperature, the proposed BO-MCC protocols reduced charging time by up to 20 percent compared to the conventional constant current constant voltage (CCCV) method, while maintaining plating-free operation and thermal stability. In particular, the bi-section strategy further reduced charging time by up to 11 percent relative to the single-section approach, while effectively suppressing Li-plating and SEI growth. Furthermore, under a high-temperature condition with pre-heated cells at 60 °C, the BO-MCC protocol enabled charging from 0 % to 80 % state of charge within 629 s, thereby satisfying the USABC target for extreme fast charging. Finally, experimental cycling and post-mortem analyses confirmed that the BO-MCC protocols mitigate capacity degradation more effectively than the CCCV method. This work provides a practical and experimentally validated framework for designing efficient and safe fast-charging strategies for electric vehicle(EV) batteries operating under diverse thermal conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100460"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time water content regulation in PEMFC shutdown via MPC with SH-AUKF-based state Feedback: Towards improved efficiency and reduced energy consumption","authors":"Yaowang Pei,&nbsp;Fengxiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective regulation of membrane water content during shutdown is critical to ensuring the durability and performance recovery of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This study presents a model predictive control (MPC) strategy for purge-phase water removal, employing adaptive unscented Kalman filters (UKFs) for water content estimation. A reduced-order model is formulated to capture the essential purge dynamics while minimizing computational demands. Experimental validation is conducted using data from a 160 kW PEMFC system, incorporating purge voltage and high-frequency resistance (HFR) measurements. Based on the reduced-order model, three state observers—standard UKF, adaptive UKF (AUKF), and Sage-Husa-based AUKF (SH-AUKF), are designed and evaluated. Among them, the SH-AUKF provides the best trade-off between convergence speed and steady-state accuracy. It reconstructs internal states during the purge process from measurable signals and provides real-time feedback to the MPC controller. The MPC controller optimizes a dual-objective cost function that balances tracking accuracy and energy consumption, while enforcing constraints on purge flow magnitude and rate of change. With SH-AUKF state feedback, the MPC controller demonstrates excellent performance, maintaining a tracking error below 0.1, a response time under 12s, and an overshoot of 0.35 in a large-step test, compared to 0.57 with an augmented linear quadratic regulator (LQR). The controller's robustness is further validated under varying temperature and purge current conditions. Compared to fixed and intermittent flow strategies, the MPC-based approach significantly enhances purging efficiency and energy conservation, achieving the shortest purge duration of 11.53 s and the lowest energy consumption of 44.7 kJ. Relative to the constant excess oxygen ratio of 8 (OER = 8) strategy with similar energy use, the MPC-based method shortens purge duration by 11.56 s, indicating a 100 % improvement in time efficiency. Compared to the constant OER = 12 strategy, which achieves a similar purge duration, it lowers energy consumption by 5.5 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic optimization of thermal and electrical energy storage for zero-emission electric buses","authors":"Peng Xie ,&nbsp;Ruilin Luo ,&nbsp;Xiao Yu ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Cai ,&nbsp;Huimin Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenyi Tao ,&nbsp;Cheng Lin ,&nbsp;Yulong Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In winter, the operation of cabin heating systems in battery electric vehicles could significantly decrease battery lifespan and driving range, due to extended cabin warm-up time and substantial energy consumption increase associated with maintaining a comfortable cabin temperature. These pose a notable challenge to the overall performance and practicality of battery electric vehicles in cold climates. To address this challenge, thermal energy storage, particularly, the integration of a metallic phase change material-based thermal energy storage device is proposed to extend the driving range and reduce the cabin warm-up time during cold start. An energy storage system sizing framework based on a detailed battery electric bus simulation model incorporating this approach was developed. Based on real-world driving data, an optimal energy storage system configuration was obtained as 318.8 kWh of battery and 86.5 kWh of thermal energy storage. Using these devices for heating, the cabin warm-up time was found to be reduced by up to 68.3 % and the battery service life could be extended by 13.8 %, leading to an annual operating cost reduction by 7.8 %. This study demonstrates the significant improvements of electrical bus performance through the integration of thermal energy storage with battery electric buses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of power converter-based online electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for electrochemical devices in electric vehicles","authors":"Zhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuan Liu ,&nbsp;Zeqi Yang ,&nbsp;Yifan Shi ,&nbsp;Chi Liu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Gao ,&nbsp;Dianguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) serves as a critical non-destructive technique for characterizing electrochemical systems, including batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. Its ability to extract frequency-domain impedance data enables effective assessment of key operational states such as State-of-Charge (SOC) and State-of-Health (SOH). However, the growing demand for real-time monitoring in dynamic operating conditions necessitates advancements in online EIS technology, which offers enhanced noise immunity and dynamic adaptability compared to conventional static EIS method. To address this requirement, the energy storage systems interfaced with power converters and equipped with online EIS functionality have emerged as a promising solution. This approach allows in-situ diagnostics at high power or pack levels without external instrumentation by utilizing existing energy conversion hardware. This article focuses on the research progress of power converter-based online EIS technology, identifying three fundamental conditions for its implementation. Multiple converter topologies are compared experimentally using switching frequency (&gt;100 kHz switching enabling EIS diagnostics in the tens of kHz band) and EIS level as key metrics in various scenarios. Challenges associated with high-frequency EIS testing, particularly switching noise interference and excitation bandwidth, are discussed alongside solutions such as advanced filtering techniques and control methods. Finally, future research trends emphasize the development of the utilization of wide-bandgap semiconductor technologies for high-frequency excitation and AI-enhanced EIS diagnostics. The systematic analysis presented facilitates improved monitoring and management of electrochemical devices in real-time applications such as electric vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100453"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of health indicators from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for state of health estimation of lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Houguang Wen ,&nbsp;Maolin Zhang ,&nbsp;Saijing Wang ,&nbsp;Wenqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhuo Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yangxi Yan ,&nbsp;Dongyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate real-time assessment of the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries is critical for ensuring their safe operation. Owing to its non-destructive nature, rapid response, and abundant electrochemical information provided, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has become a well-established technique for SOH estimation. Hence, the core challenge is to extract potential health indicators (HIs) from EIS data in order to establish robust SOH mapping models. This review initially introduces SOH definitions and the fundamental principles of EIS; then, it comprehensively surveys the research progress made in EIS-based approaches for HIs extraction, including raw data, equivalent circuit model (ECM), distribution of relaxation times (DRT), and automatic unsupervised identification (AUI) analyses. Crucially, this work summarizes the technical routes connecting HIs extraction methods to SOH estimation and provides the first systematic comparison of AUI and conventional techniques. These approaches leverage advanced empirical models and artificial intelligence to effectively identify and quantify key HIs of performance degradation. Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of these approaches are introduced, analyzed, and compared. Finally, the outlook and challenges for enhancing the SOH estimation are discussed from three perspectives: mechanisms, measurements, and applications. Overall, this review provides a theoretical framework and a technical route for advancing EIS-based SOH estimation, while outlining a future roadmap for non-destructive evaluation technologies, measurement devices, and battery pack-level SOH monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100456"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A thermo-mechanical-chemical composite barrier for suppressing thermal runaway propagation in NCM811 battery module","authors":"Shaw Kang WONG,&nbsp;Yan Hong,&nbsp;Chengshan Xu,&nbsp;Yong Peng,&nbsp;Siqi Zheng,&nbsp;Xuning Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-nickel cathode lithium-ion batteries have gained widespread use in electric vehicles. However, the thermal safety risks associated with battery failure remain a significant challenge. Conventional thermal insulation materials have proven suboptimal in preventing thermal runaway propagation among high-specific-energy battery module. Thermal runaway of these cells can result in temperatures exceeding 1000 °C, leading to combustion when the fire triangle conditions are met. This makes it difficult to guarantee system-wide thermal safety through insulation alone. This paper introduces a composite material primarily composed of porous fiber and high enthalpy phase-change materials, specifically designed as a protective barrier positioned between adjacent cells, functioning as a passive safety measure. This composite material exhibits a tri-stage temperature-responsive behavior characterized by thermal control, dissipation, and insulation, thereby achieving effective thermal regulation. In addition, it demonstrates thermo-mechanical-chemical responsiveness, making it particularly well-suited for application in high-energy-density battery modules. With a compact thickness of only 2.5 mm, the material effectively prevents thermal runaway propagation and combustion in NCM811 battery modules, while also providing structural reinforcement, thermal mitigation, and flame suppression. Compared to conventional insulation materials, this innovative barrier delivers significantly enhanced performance in both safety and multifunctionality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100451"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and numerical solutions for multi-domain and multi-physics coupling in heterogeneous lithium-ion battery model simulation","authors":"Qiyu Chen ,&nbsp;Lance Zhao ,&nbsp;Xinhong (Susan) Chen ,&nbsp;Zhe Li","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In electrochemistry, the heterogeneous model effectively characterizes the microstructural features of porous electrodes by distinctly resolving both solid and liquid phases with respective spatial distributions and interfacial interfaces. The model incorporates essential characteristics including particle size distributions and non-uniform porosity, enabling spatiotemporal representation of coupled physicochemical processes. However, modeling and numerically solving the heterogeneous model presents significant challenges. This study introduces computational solutions to critical challenges in heterogeneous lithium-ion battery simulation. (1) Distinct material phases occupy spatially resolved domains, with various phenomena occurring either bulk phases or interfaces. We develop domain decomposition/combination strategy with morphology-specific approaches. (2) Regions with similar compositions may exhibit significant variations in physical properties. Our novel transfer coefficient matrix method enables global solutions for concentration equations across interfaces with varying porosity. (3) Batteries represent inherently mass-charge coupled systems, where lithium-ion transport is driven by both electric potential and concentration gradients. The composite potential field method rigorously ensures flux continuity while resolving coupled transport mechanisms. We implement above methods to our self-developed simulation framework, rigorously validating accuracy against experimental measurements and COMSOL benchmarks. This work provides a fundamental theoretical foundation for both the development of next-generation ultra-high-performance batteries and the technological upgrade of industrial battery simulation software.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100452"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloud-based SOC optimization for predictive energy management and zero emission zone compliance in PHEVs","authors":"Paul Muthyala ,&nbsp;Florian Wessel ,&nbsp;Joschka Schaub ,&nbsp;Stefan Pischinger","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With deteriorating air quality in many cities worldwide failing to meet World Health Organization (WHO) standards, effective countermeasures are urgently needed. In response, cities are implementing zero-emission zones, restricting entry to only zero-emission vehicles like Battery Electric Vehicles and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles. These measures aim to reduce urban air pollution and improve public health significantly. Despite their ability to operate in pure electric mode under city driving conditions, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are typically prohibited from zero-emission zones due to the potential use of their Internal Combustion Engines, which could compromise air quality improvement efforts. However, advancements in digital maps and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) technology present a viable solution to this challenge. Geofencing technology can now be employed to carefully plan and prepare PHEVs’ battery State of Charge (SOC), ensuring that SOC usage is strictly restricted within zero-emission zones.</div><div>This study proposes a predictive control strategy for PHEVs, utilizing route information from digital map providers to enable electric driving within zero-emission zones. To achieve this, a supervisory control with Dynamic Programming (DP) is developed in the upper layer to calculate an optimal SOC trajectory considering the zero-emission zone and guide the rule-based controller in the lower level. The high computational effort of DP is addressed by running it in the cloud. In addition, the optimization can be repeated multiple times during driving. The proposed methodology is tested and validated on a demonstrator vehicle in a real-world drive cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100443"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and perspectives towards multi-physics modeling for porous electrode of ultrahigh performance durable polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells","authors":"Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Lai ,&nbsp;Wenkai Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Qu ,&nbsp;Xuhui Wen ,&nbsp;Guangyou Xie ,&nbsp;Wenquan Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etran.2025.100449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of ultrahigh-performance, durable polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is crucial for achieving large-scale commercialization. A comprehensive insight into multi-physics phenomena within advanced porous electrode designs provide motivation for the ambitious targets. Modeling is an indispensable tool in multi-physics transfer understanding and offers a promising pathway for electrode structural designs and material architecture selections. Despite the progress, the modeling community continues to face significant challenges, including oversimplification, difficulties in coupling complex features, unclear physical knowledge, and unavoidable discrepancies. This perspective highlights the current status of porous electrode modeling, identifies ongoing challenges, and explores future directions for key technologies and potential countermeasures. Specifically, the characteristics and limitations of macro-scale, meso-scale, and micro-scale models regarding intricate porous electrode microstructures are compared, including ordered structure, mesoporous carbon support, various catalyst architectures, etc. Potential solutions to these challenges are proposed for the next generation of porous electrode designs. Furthermore, three alternatives to advancing cross-scale, full-morphology, and full-coupling modeling are developed and discussed, including layer-by-layer physical property transfer, interfacial data transfer and direct numerical simulation, and data-driven assisted cross-scale modeling, which are expected to be evaluated and validated in the foreseeable future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36355,"journal":{"name":"Etransportation","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100449"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}