International Journal of Thermofluids最新文献_第4页

Using different evolutionary algorithms and artificial neural networks to predict the rheological behavior of a new nano-lubricant containing multi-walled carbon nanotube and zinc oxide nano-powders in oil 10W40 base fluid

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101092

Abdulhussein Hareeja Refaish , Ihab Omar , Muntadher Abed Hussein , Mohammadreza Baghoolizadeh , Soheil Salahshour , Nafiseh Emami

{"title":"Using different evolutionary algorithms and artificial neural networks to predict the rheological behavior of a new nano-lubricant containing multi-walled carbon nanotube and zinc oxide nano-powders in oil 10W40 base fluid","authors":"Abdulhussein Hareeja Refaish , Ihab Omar , Muntadher Abed Hussein , Mohammadreza Baghoolizadeh , Soheil Salahshour , Nafiseh Emami","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the challenge of predicting and optimizing the viscosity of nano-lubricants containing Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Zinc Oxide nanopowders suspended in 10W40 base oil. Accurate viscosity control is crucial for enhancing lubrication system performance. To achieve this, an artificial neural network based on the Group Method of Data Handling was developed, integrated with eight advanced evolutionary algorithms to improve prediction accuracy and optimize viscosity under varying conditions of solid volume fraction, temperature, and shear rate. The research bridges a significant gap by combining predictive modeling with multi-objective optimization, outperforming traditional artificial neural network methods. The use of advanced evolutionary algorithms enabled precise optimization of nano-lubricant properties, while the expanded parameter space provided deeper insights into the impact of operational conditions. The framework achieved a root mean square error of 13.569 and a correlation coefficient of 0.9965, highlighting its superior accuracy. Temperature was identified as the most influential factor, with a viscosity function margin of deviation of -0.88. Further optimization using a Genetic Algorithm determined optimal conditions of 1 % solid volume fraction, 55 °C temperature, and 875.577 s⁻¹ shear rate, resulting in an optimal viscosity of 32.722 cP. This study fills a critical gap in the literature, offering a novel framework for designing high-performance nano-lubricants and significantly advancing the field of lubrication science with improved prediction and optimization methodologies for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of an innovative flat-plate integrated collector-storage solar water heater with latent heat storage

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101091

Maria K. Koukou , John Konstantaras , George Dogkas , Kostas Lymperis , Vassilis N. Stathopoulos , Michail Gr. Vrachopoulos , Eleni Douvi , Υannis Caouris , Petros Dimas

{"title":"Investigation of an innovative flat-plate integrated collector-storage solar water heater with latent heat storage","authors":"Maria K. Koukou , John Konstantaras , George Dogkas , Kostas Lymperis , Vassilis N. Stathopoulos , Michail Gr. Vrachopoulos , Eleni Douvi , Υannis Caouris , Petros Dimas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel Integrated Collector Storage Solar Water Heater (ICSSWH) has been developed, in a variety of 3 sizes, and investigated at outdoor conditions, in the Greek climate. The devices consist of flat-plate collectors integrated with latent heat storage tanks at their back, filled with a Phase Change Material (PCM). A conventional paraffin wax PCM was applied, with a melting point of 53 °C. Two heat exchanger circuits, a closed loop collector-storage circuit for charging and an open loop (service water) for discharging process are immersed in the PCM tank. The heat charging and discharging processes of the storage tank are investigated, for various charging and discharging flow rates. The three device storage sizes have total volumes of 0.620, 0.808 and 1.148 m<sup>3</sup>, with corresponding solar collector areas of 1.51, 2.02 and 2.92 m<sup>2</sup>. During discharging, the stored heat in the PCM is delivered to tap water. A minimum acceptable water temperature of 38 °C is considered, according to international standards. Under normal insolation conditions, daily stored heat of about 4.2, 6.2 and 9 kWh were measured for the three mentioned sizes, respectively. Of this amount, about 3, 4.8 and 7 kWh were transferred to tap water, respectively. The heat transferred to the storage tank was above 41 % of the daily incident solar energy on the collector plane, for all studied cases. The daily hot water production was measured up to 88.4 ℓ, 137 ℓ and 190 ℓ for each mentioned size. Details of the Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) and tap water temperature profiles are also extracted and presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A numerical investigation into the application of thermosyphons for preventing the freezing of water meters, utilizing pure water and different nanofluids

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101088

Amin Bahar, Jafar Ghafouri, Kamiar Zamzamian

引用次数: 0

Parametric analysis for thermally magnetized hybrid ternary (TMHT) nanofluid flow on thin film with temperature stratification

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101089

Tanuja T. N , Kavitha L , Khalil Ur Rehman , S.V.K Varma , Wasfi Shatanawi , G.V. Kumar , Zeeshan Asghar

{"title":"Parametric analysis for thermally magnetized hybrid ternary (TMHT) nanofluid flow on thin film with temperature stratification","authors":"Tanuja T. N , Kavitha L , Khalil Ur Rehman , S.V.K Varma , Wasfi Shatanawi , G.V. Kumar , Zeeshan Asghar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermophysical examination of flow field claims various applications in both scientific and industrial domains and hence it remains important to inspect especially when both the heat and mass transfer are taken simultaneously. Owning such motivation, the present study offers a response surface optimization for thermal flow field of hybrid ternary water-based aluminium, silicon and Zinc nanofluid over a stretched surface manifested with both temperature stratification and concentration stratification effects. The governing equations are formulated for mathematical model and those PDE's are reduced to ODE's by using appropriate similarity transformations. Those obtained resultant equations are solved numerically by using Runge Kutta Fehlberg fourth fifth-order (RKF 45) technique. The supremacy of essential aspects on the flow field, heat and mass transfer rates were analyzed using graphical representation. Additionally, Response surface Methodology is performed to derived the heat transfer rate as a response function for the input factors for different parameters. From the graph it is noticed that temperature profile drops as the thermal stratification parameter increases. The temperature admits the direct relation with an increase in the solid volume fraction of ternary nanofluids. From RSM it is noticed that adjusted R-squared and R-squared are obtained as 100 % accuracy of the mathematical model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical modelling of mass transfer and the plasticization effect of supercritical CO2 on polypropylene during extrusion

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101087

T.M. Kousemaker , P. Druetta , F. Picchioni , A.I. Vakis

{"title":"Numerical modelling of mass transfer and the plasticization effect of supercritical CO2 on polypropylene during extrusion","authors":"T.M. Kousemaker , P. Druetta , F. Picchioni , A.I. Vakis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (sCO<sub>2</sub>) is a known plasticizer and has been used to replace conventional blowing agents in the processing of polypropylene. Few numerical models are available that consider advanced transport phenomena in polymer extrusion. This work presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that considers multiphase flow by employing a mixture model, accounting for heat and mass transfer, and the effects of these physics on the viscosity of polypropylene throughout the extruder domain by modifying the polymer's apparent viscosity with the corresponding rheological shift factors. The results of this model show that the mixture model produces a spatial distribution of sCO<sub>2</sub> which is comparable to an earlier study which employs an interface tracking method, indicating that a mixture model can provide comparable levels of resolution. Secondly, the viscosity profile and mass transfer are strongly associated with throughput – more so than varying the rotational speed of the extruder screws, except for the case where the average droplet size is of the order of 10<sup>-3</sup> to 10<sup>-2</sup> [m], in which case hydrodynamic effects increase the mass transfer coefficient as the rotational speed of the screws is increased. It is concluded that this model presents a step forward in comprehensively modelling multiphase flow in (twin screw) extruders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of heat transfer dynamics in high-intensity focused ultrasound and microwave ablation for cancer treatment

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101090

Teerapot Wessapan , Pornthip Keangin , Phadungsak Rattanadecho , Nisakorn Somsuk

{"title":"Comparative analysis of heat transfer dynamics in high-intensity focused ultrasound and microwave ablation for cancer treatment","authors":"Teerapot Wessapan , Pornthip Keangin , Phadungsak Rattanadecho , Nisakorn Somsuk","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the crucial need for comparative analyses of High-intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) and Microwave Ablation (MWA) as effective and minimally invasive cancer treatment techniques. Both modalities employ thermal ablation mechanisms but differ fundamentally in their operational physics: HIFU uses focused acoustic waves and MWA uses electromagnetic radiation. Utilizing advanced numerical simulations based on porous media theory, we modeled acoustic and electromagnetic wave propagation and their subsequent interactions with biological tissues. This approach enabled us to accurately depict and analyze the temperature distributions and fluid dynamics during treatment scenarios. Significant results highlighted fundamental differences in the heat transfer mechanisms between the two techniques: for example, under similar power settings, HIFU's focal region reached peak temperatures approximately 2–4 °C higher within the first 10 s, while MWA's thermal footprint extended 20–30 % farther radially. HIFU demonstrated precise, localized heating at the acoustic focus, whereas MWA exhibited broader thermal effects owing to its electromagnetic wave spread. Key findings demonstrate that HIFU provides precision in thermal applications at the risk of requiring exact transducer alignment, whereas MWA's extensive heat spread could treat larger or irregularly shaped tumors but might affect adjacent tissues. Moreover, the flow effects due to the porous nature of tissues significantly influence the heat distribution patterns, with HIFU generating localized and intense heat flux owing to focused acoustic streaming, whereas MWA promotes wider heat spread facilitated by natural convection flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational modeling of radiative Williamson nano-fluid flow under the impression of periodic magnetic force

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101065

Tazin Tamanna, Sarder Firoz Ahmmed

{"title":"Computational modeling of radiative Williamson nano-fluid flow under the impression of periodic magnetic force","authors":"Tazin Tamanna, Sarder Firoz Ahmmed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aims to better understand the fundamental behaviour of fluids by comparing the nature of a Newtonian fluid and Williamson fluid under the interaction of sinusoidal MHD fields, radiative heat flux of nanomaterial embedded in a porous stretched surface with accomplishments of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, heat source, and chemical reaction with activation energy. The time dependent fundamental equations are converted into an appropriate non-dimensional configuration, after which the equations are numerically calculated applying the explicit finite difference (EFD) method using assistance of FORTRAN 6.6.a, a programming code. Furthermore, to evaluate that the solution converges, criteria for stability and convergence have been established and it becomes apparent that the current study has converged for <em>Pr</em> ≥ 0.075 and <em>Sc</em> ≥ 0.025. The effects on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles, skin friction, the rate of heat transfer, the rate of mass transfer and upgraded graphics (isotherms and streamlines) of numerous parameters are demonstrated. The findings highlight that enhancing the magnetic parameter generates a greater velocity in the periodic condition with regard to distance as compared to a non-periodic scenario for Williamson fluid. Radiation (<em>R</em>) and thermophoresis (<em>Nt</em>) have a concurrent impact on the Nusselt number, suggesting that non-periodic magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) has higher Nusselt number values than periodic MHD for Williamson fluid. There is a noticeable reduction in skin friction when the Williamson parameter rises because the fluid exerts less force on the boundary surface. Additionally, relative to the periodic MHD parameter (<em>M</em>) and radiation parameter (<em>R</em>), streamlines and isotherms have been utilized to illustrate the momentum and thermal border layer thickness presentations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Chemical Reactions and Convective Conditions on Peristaltic Mechanism of Ree-Eyring Fluid in a Porous Medium–A Mathematical Model

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101086

Prathiksha Sanil , Rajashekhar Choudhari , Manjunatha Gudekote , Hanumesh Vaidya , Kerehalli Vinayaka Prasad

{"title":"Impact of Chemical Reactions and Convective Conditions on Peristaltic Mechanism of Ree-Eyring Fluid in a Porous Medium–A Mathematical Model","authors":"Prathiksha Sanil , Rajashekhar Choudhari , Manjunatha Gudekote , Hanumesh Vaidya , Kerehalli Vinayaka Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peristalsis is the process of rhythmic, wave-like contractions in tubular structures that propel contents through them. A novel investigation of peristaltic flow in Ree-Eyring fluid with temperature-dependent properties is introduced in the study. The current research focuses on the peristaltic transport of non-Newtonian Ree-Eyring fluid in an axisymmetric non-uniform channel. A non-uniform channel with porous boundaries and inclination is considered in the study. Temperature-dependent variable fluid properties such as varying viscosity and thermal conductivity are considered. The Navier-Stokes equation and the Energy equations govern the fluid flow characteristics. Convective boundary conditions are employed at the boundary of the porous channel. The influence of chemical reactions, namely Homogeneous and Heterogeneous reactions, on the flow dynamics is considered in the study. The regular perturbation technique is employed to solve the non-linear coupled equations, and solutions for velocity, temperature, concentration, chemical reactions, and stream functions have been derived. Parametric analysis is implemented, and these variations are visually depicted through graphs generated by the MATLAB R2023a software. The results emphasise the substantial influence that variations in thermal conductivity and viscosity have on the properties of fluids. It has been noted that an increase in the Ree-Eyring fluid parameter reduces the velocity profiles. Also, the influence of porous and velocity slip parameters have the opposite impacts on the velocity profile. The study enhances the theoretical comprehension of non-Newtonian peristaltic flow and its practical implementations in industrial and biological systems, where variable fluid properties are essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of hall current impact on MHD laminar surface tension gradient 3D flow of propylene glycol based tetra hybrid nanofluid with generalized fick's and fourier's perspective

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101083

Munawar Abbas , Shirin Shomurotova , Qasem Al-Mdallal , Ali Akgül , Zuhair Jastaneyah , Hakim AL Garalleh

{"title":"Comparative analysis of hall current impact on MHD laminar surface tension gradient 3D flow of propylene glycol based tetra hybrid nanofluid with generalized fick's and fourier's perspective","authors":"Munawar Abbas , Shirin Shomurotova , Qasem Al-Mdallal , Ali Akgül , Zuhair Jastaneyah , Hakim AL Garalleh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Examine the significance of the Cattaneo-Christov flux model on the Marangoni convection 3D flow of tetra hybrid nanofluid combined with Hall current in the present study. When exposed to a fluctuating magnetic flux, it demonstrates electrical conductivity over a stretchy sheet. Using the Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion (CCDD) model, the problem is simulated. In this work, the CCDD model is used to analyze the mass and heat transmission tetra hybrid nanofluid. Basic Fourier's and Fick's laws are generalized by their application. A tetra hybrid nanofluid consisting of Molybdenum disulfide (Mos<sub>2</sub>), copper (<em>Cu</em>), Silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and cobalt ferrite (<em>CoFe</em><sub>2</sub><em>o</em><sub>4</sub>), propylene glycol (<em>C</em><sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub><em>O</em><sub>2</sub>) as the base fluid is used. This model is essential for precisely predicting the behaviors of heat transfer in nanofluid flows since it takes thermal relaxation time into consideration. Its uses include optimizing heat exchanger performance, enhancing cooling systems in electronics, and better thermal management in microfluidic devices. The basic set of equations is resolved employing the numerical technique (bvp4c). The nanofluid, hybrid, trihybrid, and tetra hybrid nanofluid graphs are all compared. The stretching ratio parameter indicates rising trends in the flow distributions, although the opposite performance is observed for thermal and concentration distributions. Rate of heat and mass transmission improve of tetra hybrid, trihybrid, hybrid nanofluids as increase the values of Marangoni convection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of hydro-thermal behavior of two immiscible fluids in a wavy cavity subjected to an inclined magnetic field and heat flux

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101081

Mohamed F. Al-Dawody , Ahmed M. Hassan , Nasser H. Hamza , Maathe A. Theeb , Mohammad Ghalambaz , Mikhail Sheremet

{"title":"Investigation of hydro-thermal behavior of two immiscible fluids in a wavy cavity subjected to an inclined magnetic field and heat flux","authors":"Mohamed F. Al-Dawody , Ahmed M. Hassan , Nasser H. Hamza , Maathe A. Theeb , Mohammad Ghalambaz , Mikhail Sheremet","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the hydro-thermal behavior of two immiscible fluids in a wavy cavity subjected to an inclined magnetic field and heat flux. The cavity contains a nanofluid layer beneath an air layer, with partial bottom heating and cooled vertical walls. The effects of Rayleigh number (<em>Ra: 10<sup>3</sup>–10<sup>6</sup></em>), wave amplitude (<em>w<sub>a</sub>: 0.01–0.15</em>), wave number (<em>w<sub>n</sub>: 0–6</em>), Hartmann number (<em>Ha: 0–50</em>), magnetic field inclination (γ: 0°-90°), and nanoparticle concentration (<em>φ: 0–0.1</em>) are examined. Results show that increasing <em>Ra</em> enhances heat transfer significantly, with <em>Nu<sub>av</sub></em> rising by 203 % from <em>Ra = 10<sup>3</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup></em>. Wall waviness effects are more pronounced at lower <em>Ra</em>, while magnetic fields suppress heat transfer at higher <em>Ra</em>. Nanoparticle addition enhances heat transfer, particularly at higher <em>Ra</em>. The study concludes that optimizing cavity geometry, magnetic field parameters, and nanoparticle concentration can significantly improve heat transfer efficiency, especially at higher <em>Ra</em>. These findings provide valuable insights for designing efficient thermal management solutions in various industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0