International Journal of Thermofluids最新文献

{"title":"A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) study on the effects of different momentum ratios and Reynolds number in a T-junction with an upstream elbow","authors":"Y.H. Wong,&nbsp;Y. Duan,&nbsp;L. Lampunio,&nbsp;M.D. Eaton,&nbsp;M.J. Bluck","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>T-junctions are critical components within the primary circuit of pressurised water reactors (PWRs). They connect the pressuriser (PRZ), with the steam generator (SG), and the reactor pressure vessel (RPV). As such, it is crucial to have a mechanistic understanding of the turbulent fluid flow and thermal mixing within such T-junctions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of flows within T-junctions usually involve understanding the effects of variations in momentum and Reynolds numbers on the turbulent flow structures and thermal mixing phenomena. In this paper, we utilise proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) methods to analyse the complex flow structures arising from various test cases for a PWR T-junction with an upstream elbow.</div><div>The first aim is to compare the flow structures resulting from different momentum ratios and/or Reynolds numbers of the inlet branch flow to identify the dominant factor. These parameters are adjusted by varying the branch pipe diameter and inlet branch velocity. The final aim is to compare flow structures obtained using POD and SPOD analysis. While both methods produce explicable patterns, they reveal vastly different structures that can be interpreted differently.</div><div>Momentum ratios have traditionally guided engineering design optimization. Our findings indicate that altering the Reynolds number of the inlet branch flow can help avoid turbulent flow structures that may compromise the structural integrity of nuclear components in NPPs. While POD is widely used for fluid flow analysis, SPOD offers a more detailed examination of turbulent fluid flow structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic Analysis of electro-osmotic flow dynamics in porous media with energy dissipation","authors":"Muhammad Shoaib Arif ,&nbsp;Wasfi Shatanawi ,&nbsp;Yasir Nawaz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel stochastic computational scheme is proposed to handle stochastic time-dependent partial differential equations. The scheme is second-order accurate and constructed at two-time levels. In order to discretize, a compact scheme is proposed. The compact scheme refers to the spatial discretization method used for solving the governing equations with high accuracy and efficiency. The consistency and stability of the proposed scheme are provided. The consistency and stability of the scheme are theoretically proven using truncation error analysis and von Neumann stability criteria. In addition to this, the scheme is applied to a mathematical model in the form of partial differential equations. The model is established by applying transformations on governing equations of electro-osmosis fluid flow over the stationary plate. Results show that the velocity profile rises by growing Helmholtz–Smoluchowski velocity and the velocity profile has dual behaviour (both increasing and decreasing behaviour) by growing electro-osmotic parameter. Compared to existing methods, our approach enhances accuracy by minimizing numerical dispersion through a second-order compact scheme, ensuring a precise representation of electrokinetic effects. The two-level formulation improves stability by effectively controlling numerical errors in stochastic simulations. Compact discretization achieves higher accuracy with fewer grid points, enhancing computational efficiency and reducing costs. This study provides a comprehensive framework for analyzing electro-osmotic flow dynamics under deterministic and stochastic conditions, offering valuable insights for optimizing electrokinetic and heat transfer systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of process parameters on the thermomechanical properties of three-dimensional (3D) printed polymer-nanoclay composites","authors":"Sheymaa Alazzawi ,&nbsp;Noor Hassan Ali ,&nbsp;Suha K. Shihab ,&nbsp;Muammel M. Hanon","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The additive manufacturing of polymer-nanoclay composite systems has been of great interest in developing material systems that are lightweight, tough, and thermally stable. However, attaining maximum thermomechanical properties in three-dimensional (3D) printed composite is challenging given the complex interactions between processing parameters and material structure. This work meets the challenge by investigating the novel use of montmorillonite nanoclay in a plant-based photopolymer resin for Digital Light Processing (DLP) -based three-dimensional (3D) printing applications. The objectives of this work were to improve the thermal conductivity, tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance of the composite, and optimize key processing parameters such as nanoclay concentration, printing orientation, and layer thickness using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results of this work indicate that a nanoclay concentration of 0.4496 wt.%, a printing orientation of 61.18°, and a thickness of 0.03 mm produce the maximum thermomechanical properties of the composite. The optimal composite exhibited excellent properties, recording a tensile strength of 48.93 MPa, a flexural strength of 63.31 MPa, a thermal conductivity of 0.3296 W/m·K, and a maximum impact energy of 0.3275 J. The results of this work mark a great milestone in the field given the great potential of using environmentally friendly, plant-based composite systems in high-performance applications such as functional prototypes, medical models, and complex industrial components. The work not only presents a strategic approach to improving 3D-printed polymer-nanoclay composite material systems but also enhances our in-depth knowledge of process-structure-property relationships in additive manufacturing processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-method approach to investigating porous media cooling for enhanced thermal performance of photovoltaic panels: Exploring the effects of porosity, flow rates, channel design, and coolant types","authors":"Ismail Masalha ,&nbsp;Siti Ujila Masuri ,&nbsp;Omar Badran ,&nbsp;Ali Alahmer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elevated temperatures in photovoltaic (PV) panels adversely affect their efficiency and lifespan, necessitating effective cooling strategies. This study introduces a novel approach by integrating porous media within cooling channels to improve thermal management and energy output. While several cooling techniques have been explored, the integration of porous media with various coolants and their combined effects on cooling channel design, porosity size, flow rates, and porous media type have not been thoroughly investigated. This study fills this gap by conducting both experimental and numerical investigations to analyze key parameters, including porosity size (0.35–0.5), flow rates (1–4 L/min), cooling channel design, and coolant types (water, chemical alcohol, engine oil). Experimental tests were performed on 30-watt polycrystalline PV cells under real-world conditions, employing porous media such as gravel, marble, flint, and sandstone. The study was structured into three phases: (1) a comparative analysis of cooling performance with and without porous media, (2) optimization of porosity size for enhanced cooling, and (3) identification of optimal flow rates for system efficiency. The study identified optimal configurations, achieving up to 35.7 % temperature reduction and a 9.4 % power output increase with a porosity size of 0.35 and a flow rate of 2 L/min. ANSYS simulations validated experimental findings, with deviations in PV surface temperature below 3 %. Simulations further revealed that a tapered cooling channel design (5 mm inlet to 3 mm outlet), combined with water as the coolant and sandstone as the porous medium, reduced PV temperatures to 36.6 °C. This comprehensive analysis highlights the potential of porous media-integrated cooling systems to enhance PV panel performance and longevity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced thermal and flow behavior of Cu-Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluids in porous media under variable magnetic field conditions","authors":"Salma Khalil ,&nbsp;Tasawar Abbas ,&nbsp;Rab Nawaz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the flow characteristics and heat transfer behavior of a copper-alumina hybrid nanofluid suspended in water over a porous exponentially stretching surface. The analysis incorporates the effects of temperature-dependent viscosity, viscous dissipation, and a spatially varying magnetic field to provide a comprehensive understanding of fluid motion and thermal performance under complex physical conditions. The governing equations for momentum and energy are formulated under steady, incompressible, and laminar flow assumptions and are transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. These equations are then solved using the shooting method combined with the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg algorithm to ensure computational accuracy. The study systematically examines the influence of key parameters, including nanoparticle volume fraction, magnetic field strength, permeability of the porous medium, and viscous dissipation, on velocity and temperature distributions within the boundary layer. The results demonstrate that temperature-dependent viscosity plays a crucial role in fluid dynamics, as increasing temperature reduces viscosity and enhances fluid motion. Additionally, the presence of viscous dissipation leads to internal heat generation, significantly raising the fluid temperature near the boundary layer. The findings highlight the superior thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluids compared to conventional working fluids, making them highly effective for applications requiring efficient heat dissipation. These insights are particularly relevant to industries such as heat exchangers, cooling systems, polymer extrusion, and advanced thermal management solutions. By elucidating the intricate interaction between flow behavior and heat transfer in porous media, this study provides valuable guidance for optimizing hybrid nanofluids in practical engineering and industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chest freezer with integrated heat exchanger for augmenting the COP","authors":"K. Srithar ,&nbsp;R. Venkatesan ,&nbsp;S.Abishai Immanuel ,&nbsp;M. Krishkarna ,&nbsp;R. Saravanan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study analyzes the performances of a modified chest freezer with a heat exchanger. The experiments are performed on the chest freezer to analyze the impact of baffles of various geometries placed inside the heat exchanger on the freezer's coefficient of performance. To remove the thermal energy the refrigerant before condensation phase, water is used as a coolant in the heat exchanger. Baffles with four different profiles were used for the analyses and they were baffles with sextant geometry, sextant profile with holes, strip cuts, and internal sextant cuts. Experiments are performed with various water mass flow rates and for different product loads. Further experiments are conducted for to analyze the performance of chest freezer for increase in number of baffles inside the heat exchanger. Experimental results indicate that the segmental baffles having sextant profiles with internal sextant cuts showed the best performance in terms of COP and low irreversibility. The coefficient of performance increased from 0.9 to 0.1 when conventional VCR systems were integrated with heat exchangers having six numbers of inserts and keeping the mass flow rate at 0.43 kg/s. The proposed VCR saw a reduction of 10 % consumes in power consumption compared to conventional VCR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic, social and environmental analysis of different photovoltaic cell technologies under tropical weather conditions","authors":"Ephraim Bonah Agyekum ,&nbsp;Flavio Odoi-Yorke ,&nbsp;Agnes Abeley Abbey ,&nbsp;Oluwatayomi Rereloluwa Adegboye ,&nbsp;Farhan Lafta Rashid","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite Nigeria's enormous energy resources, it has the largest number of people without access to electricity in the world. This is partly due to the lack of diversification of its sources of energy generation, leaving a large number of its population in darkness. This study thus employed the System Advisor Model developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory to estimate the technical and economic performance of a 100 MW solar PV power plant at Kaduna in Nigeria, considering six different PV cells, i.e., c-Si, mc-Si, 3-a-Si, a-Si/mono-Si, CIS, and HIT-Si. The potential hydrogen, ammonia, land requirement, jobs that could be created, and the environmental impact of installing the PV systems were also assessed. From the results, the 3-a-Si PV system achieved the lowest real LCOE (2.88 cent/kWh) and highest NPV ($30,545,648) due to its high energy yield. The study revealed that the annual hydrogen production from PV cells, using different scenarios of 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 25 % of the electricity generated, varies between 311 and 348 metric tons, 467–522 metric tons, 622–696 metric tons, and 778–871 metric tons, respectively. The estimated LCOH for hydrogen production from a 100 % PV power plant electricity can range from $1.83/kg to $2.05/kg across various PV technologies analyzed. The project's economic viability depends on module cost. Nigerian and West African governments can reduce initial PV unit costs by implementing policies, incentives, and tax cuts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of carbon and aluminium nanofluids and elastocaloric materials for heating and cooling applications","authors":"Anesu Nyabadza ,&nbsp;Éanna McCarthy ,&nbsp;Mayur Makhesana ,&nbsp;Saeid Heidarinassab ,&nbsp;Lola Azoulay-Younes ,&nbsp;Kevin O'Toole ,&nbsp;Mercedes Vazquez ,&nbsp;Dermot Brabazon","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofluids, suspensions of nanoparticles (NPs) in base fluids, enhance heat transfer in heating and cooling applications. Carbon and aluminium based nanofluids are the most promising materials owing to high stability, excellent thermal properties, low cost and high sustainability. This review critically examines the use of aluminium and carbon-based nanofluids, focusing on their synthesis, stability, thermal properties, and practical applications. Incorporating Al₂O₃, AlN, graphene, or C NPs into base fluids like water, methanol and ethylene glycol significantly enhances thermal conductivity and heat transfer performance. Carbon-based NPs added to water can result in up to 5000 W/m.K in thermal conductivity from 0.607 W/m.K. The two main synthesis methods namely one-step and two-step processes are discussed. The review also addresses challenges such as sedimentation, agglomeration, and channel blockage, providing insights into strategies for enhancing nanofluid stability and performance. Another limiting factor is the increased viscosity with increasing NP loading, with studies reporting up to a 138 % rise in fluid viscosity, which substantially raises the pumping power required. Future prospects such as using elastocaloric Ni-Ti alloys together with nanofluids for enhanced and sustainable heat transfer are reviewed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural convection of water/Titanium oxide nanofluid inside a closed enclosure at different angles of attack","authors":"Laith S. Sabri ,&nbsp;Ali B.M. Ali ,&nbsp;Omid Ali Akbari ,&nbsp;Farnaz Montazerifar ,&nbsp;Faramarz Kahbandeh ,&nbsp;Soheil Salahshour ,&nbsp;A. Mokhtarian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In most industrial applications, several situations are associated with closed enclosures, such as avionics, automotive, cooling/heating systems in buildings, electronic equipment, food, and phase change materials. In this paper, the natural convection (NC) of a Newtonian fluid inside a Non-Square Closed Enclosure (NSCE) is numerically simulated. The working fluid is a water/Titanium oxide nanofluid (NF) with volume fractions in the range of φ = 0 to 4 % and experiences a laminar flow with Rayleigh numbers (Ra) from 10³ to 10⁵. To benefit from better flow mixing, NSCE undergoes five different angles of attack -90°, -45°, 0°, 45°, and 90° degrees (cases 1 to 5, respectively). This research was solved using a computer code in two-dimensional space in steady state using the finite volume method. The solid-fluid suspension is considered homogeneous, single-phased, and Newtonian. The Boussinesq approximation is used for the density term. A SIMPLE algorithm is used for decoupling pressure and velocity fields. The results suggest that increasing the Ra number strengthens the fluid velocity components in the Closed Enclosure (CE). In all cases, the maximum Nusselt number (Nu) occurs at the interface between the fluid and the hot surface. In cases (1) and (5), due to the elongation of the fluid path, the circulation effects become more important, creating an anomaly in the friction factor for the <em>Ra</em> = 10⁵. A symmetric pattern in the Nu number diagrams in cases (2) and (4) is evident which is due to the invariance of this parameter in these two cases. Entropy generation is influenced by fluid circulation and rotation. In all cases and conditions, the use of solid nanoparticles reduces the temperature gradient, which significantly affects the removal of hot spots with high entropy and consequently reduces the average entropy generation. Increasing the angle of attack of the closed enclosure compared to the smooth case (case 3) at Rayleigh numbers 10³ and 10⁴ can increase the friction coefficient by a factor of 1.62. Also, at Rayleigh number 104, changes in the angle of attack of the closed enclosure will experience a decrease in the Nusselt number and average heat flux by &lt;8 % compared to the smooth case. At Rayleigh number 10³, the 10 % increase in the average Nusselt number and heat flux is only due to the increase in the volume fraction of the solid nanoparticle and is somewhat independent of the angle of attack of the closed enclosure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hall current and rotational on MHD flow of nanofluid with joule heating and viscous dissipation","authors":"Guthula Kanaka Lakshmi,&nbsp;Paramsetti Sri Ramachandra Murty","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of Hall current, rotational effects, and thermal diffusion on the transient magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) free convection flow of water-based Cu and TiO₂ nanofluids, incorporating the effects of Joule heating and viscous dissipation. The fluid motion occurs along a permeable vertical plate under an applied magnetic field in a rotating frame of reference. The governing equations, formulated as partial differential equations (PDEs), are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using non-dimensionalization techniques and are solved analytically via the perturbation method. The study presents an in-depth analysis of velocity and temperature distributions, as well as the effects of key parameters such as the hall current, rotational force, thermal radiation and suction parameter. Results indicate that an increase in the Hall parameter enhances the velocity of the primary flow but decreases secondary velocity. The velocity profile also increases with higher thermal Grashof number, while a rise in the magnetic field strength retards fluid motion due to Lorentz force effects. The temperature profile decreases with increasing Prandtl number and heat source intensity. These findings provide valuable insights into the behavior of nanofluid flow in MHD environments and have potential applications in energy systems, cooling technologies, and electronic thermal management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermofluids","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}