Bio-convective magnetized ternary hybrid nanofluid flow between two parallel plates: A numerical approach

Q1 Chemical Engineering

International Journal of Thermofluids Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101392

Talha Anwar , Ajab Khan , Syed Arshad Abas , Mehreen Fiza , Hakeem Ullah , Seham M. Al-Mekhlafi

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Abstract

This study aims to explore the heat and mass transfer characteristics of MHD three dimension ternary hybrid nanofluid flow between parallel plates. The ternary hybrid nanofluid comprises Cu (copper), SiO₂ (silicon dioxide) and Fe₂O₄ (Iron II, III oxide) nanoparticles mixed in H₂O (water), selected for their superior thermal, magnetic, and stability properties.

Novelty

The novelty of this study lies in the combined effect of Joule heating, thermal radiation, chemical reaction and motile microorganisms in a ternary hybrid nanofluid flow, which has not been thoroughly investigated in parallel plate channel. Moreover, the interaction of different nanoparticles and microorganisms introduces new insights into bio-convection transport phenomena.

Methodology

The leading flow equations are obtained as PDEs, which are subsequently transformed into ODEs via similarity transformation. The problem is solved numerically by utilizing bvp4c technique in the MATLAB package.

Results

The microorganism profile shows increment for higher magnitude of thermophoresis parameter, on the other hand decreases against higher Peclet and Lewis number. The axial velocity diminished near the bottom plate due to higher magnetic and rotation parameter, while upsurge at the top plate. The skin friction decrease 0.17%, while Nusselt number, Sherwood number and coefficient of motile microorganism escalates 13.37%, 2.4%, and 0.23% respectively. Density of the microorganism number elevate 0.11% as Lewis number gets larger, also for Peclet number 0.74% increment is observed. The temperature distribution amplified radiation, themophoresis, Eckert number and Browning parameters.

Application

This model finds particle applications in cooling systems, micro-reactors, drug delivery and thermal solar devices.

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生物对流磁化三元杂化纳米流体在两个平行板间的流动：数值方法

本研究旨在探讨MHD三维三元混合纳米流体在平行板间流动的传热传质特性。这种三元混合纳米流体由Cu（铜）、SiO2（二氧化硅）和Fe2O4（氧化铁II、III氧化物）纳米颗粒混合在H2O（水）中组成，因其优异的热、磁和稳定性而被选中。本研究的新颖之处在于焦耳加热、热辐射、化学反应和移动微生物在三元混合纳米流体流动中的联合作用，这在平行板通道中尚未得到充分的研究。此外，不同纳米颗粒与微生物的相互作用为生物对流传输现象提供了新的见解。方法将先导流动方程以偏微分方程形式得到，通过相似变换将其转化为偏微分方程。利用MATLAB包中的bvp4c技术对该问题进行了数值求解。结果热泳参数越大，微生物谱值越高，Peclet数和Lewis数越高，微生物谱值越低。轴向速度在靠近底板的地方由于磁场和旋转参数的增大而减小，而在靠近顶板的地方轴向速度上升。皮肤摩擦力下降0.17%，努塞尔数、舍伍德数和活动微生物系数分别上升13.37%、2.4%和0.23%。随着Lewis数的增大，微生物密度增加0.11%，Peclet数增加0.74%。温度分布放大了辐射、热泳、Eckert数和Browning参数。该模型在冷却系统、微反应器、药物输送和热太阳能装置中发现了粒子应用。

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