Human Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Enrichment with citrus peels as a strategy for improving the health benefits and nutritional value of breakfast cereals: A review","authors":"Ayokunle Olubode Ademosun","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breakfast cereals (BFCs) are a popular choice for breakfast and the BFC market is growing at an annual rate of 4.1 % and stands as a 70 billion dollar enterprise today. However, there are a number of questions raised about the medicinal properties of BFCs as they are processed foods lot of added refined sugars and reduced fibres especially when made from processed grains. Therefore, improving the medicinal values of BFCs will include minimizing the refined sugar content, increasing the fibre content and fortifying with natural bioactive compounds which possess medicinal properties. Citrus peels are rich in fibre and bioactive compounds, even though they are considered a waste in many countries. Incorporating citrus peels into BFCs without adversely affecting the sensory properties will enhance the medicinal properties of BFCs as the peels have a number of already established medicinal properties. Citrus peel-enriched BFCs could be a tool in Functional Nutrition as they will not only supply needed nutrients to start the day, but they will also be able to prevent and manage degenerative conditions through their ability to modulate other factors connected with diseases such as inflammation regulation, mood disorders and weight control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266614972400001X/pdfft?md5=5b7a54a01895d5bbf202714ad0a936f5&pid=1-s2.0-S266614972400001X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased nutrition knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are associated with lower body mass index and better self-rated general health among university students","authors":"Fatima Zahra Elmskini ,&nbsp;Aichetou Bouh ,&nbsp;Asmae Labyad ,&nbsp;Nouriya Elghoulam ,&nbsp;Hind Iraqi ,&nbsp;Slimane Mehdad ,&nbsp;Aicha Madkour ,&nbsp;Abderrahmane Moufid ,&nbsp;Mustapha Aabi ,&nbsp;Saber Boutayeb ,&nbsp;Khalid Taghzouti ,&nbsp;Hassan Aguenaou ,&nbsp;Souad Benaich","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Nutrition knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) have been suggested to have beneficial effects on weight status and general health. The scarcity of assessment of these effects on large samples of university students is, however, observed.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the association of nutrition knowledge and adherence to the MedDiet with body mass index (BMI) and self-rated general health among university students.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a cross-sectional study among 1776 university students aged 21.34 ± 2.47 years. Nutrition knowledge and MedDiet adherence scores were assessed using validated questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and general health were self-reported.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 23.1% and 4.0%, respectively. Approximately 52% of students self-rated their general health as fair or poor. MedDiet adherence score was positively correlated with nutrition knowledge scores (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and inversely associated with BMI (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Non-overweight students had significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores and MedDiet adherence scores compared to overweight/obese peers. Similarly, non-smoking students had higher nutrition knowledge scores than their smoking counterparts (<em>P</em> = 0.017). Participants who self-rated their general health as fair or poor showed significantly lower nutrition knowledge and MedDiet adherence scores than other groups. Health science students had significantly lower consumption of fish, legumes, olive oil, unrefined whole grains, fruits, and vegetables compared to other students.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Elevated levels of nutrition knowledge and adherence to the MedDiet were associated with lower BMI and better self-rated general health. Urgent interventions are needed to promote nutrition knowledge and healthy eating behavior among university students.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000021/pdfft?md5=cbac8df217bf7869a44e79d506540cc1&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000021-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139549540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of short term citrulline malate supplementation on oxidative stress and muscle damage in trained soccer players","authors":"Mohammad Sadegh Mirenayat ,&nbsp;Mohammad Faramarzi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Ghazvini ,&nbsp;Jahangir Karimian ,&nbsp;Amir Hadi ,&nbsp;Zahra Heidari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Rouhani ,&nbsp;Amirmansour Alavi Naeini","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is some evidence that citrulline malate (CM) limits the deleterious effect of oxidative stress in athletes, but its effect on team sports like soccer is not clear. Thus, the current research is designed to investigate the effect of short-term CM supplementation on oxidative stress and muscle damage markers in trained soccer players. In this randomized double-blind controlled trial, 28 healthy, highly-trained male soccer players were selected and randomly assigned into 2 groups to take 6 g/day CM or placebo for 7 days. Blood samples were then taken in a resting-state at baseline and 24 h after the 7-day supplement intervention; and serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and uric acid levels were measured. Compared to the baseline, CM significantly decreased serum uric acid levels (P = 0.03) and significantly increased serum LDH concentrations (P = 0.002). However, there were no significant changes in serum levels of MDA, CAT, GSH, TAC, SOD, LDH CK, and uric acid compared to the placebo group (P &gt; 0.05). It appears that short-term CM supplementation does not improve oxidative stress and muscle damage in soccer players. Further investigations should be conducted to fully understand the effects of CM on soccer players.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000045/pdfft?md5=f1224569fc5658c25a3d17fa334eb00c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000045-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139538643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of micronutrients on the treatment of diabetes","authors":"Samer Younes","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the last two decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of individuals worldwide who are affected by diabetes. This review article aims to explore the correlation between specific vitamins and diabetes. It has been observed that individuals with diabetes tend to have lower levels of certain antioxidant vitamins, namely A, C, and E. This decrease in vitamin levels is believed to be a consequence of the need to manage oxidative stress caused by issues with glucose metabolism. Additionally, retinol-binding protein plays a role in regulation and adipocytokine function. Diabetics also exhibit reduced levels of thiamine, pyridoxine, and biotin. Research has indicated that diabetes can hinder the absorption of various nutrients, including vitamins B9 and B12, necessitating frequent replenishment of these vitamins. Insufficient levels of vitamin D have been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes and related complications such as cardiovascular disease. While some studies suggest that vitamin K supplementation may improve glucose metabolism, it remains uncertain whether it can prevent or repair oxidative damage. Excessive vitamin supplementation has been shown to have negative effects, as demonstrated by numerous studies. The review that follows will analyze the association between several nutrients, specifically vitamins A, D, C, B3, B6, B9, Zn, B12, E, B1/K, and iron, and the pathways implicated in diabetes, as well as their potential regulatory effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149723000555/pdfft?md5=318c2925d8256a06d635fb547edab21d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149723000555-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139538208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body indices based receiver operating characteristics curve models are important risk assessing tools for metabolic diseases among Asian women","authors":"Zoomi Singh,&nbsp;Vandana Verma,&nbsp;Neelam Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The right way to measure obesity is still a matter of debate. This study will look at the prevalence of obesity, anthropometrics, and body composition as screening tools for obesity and adiposity among adult women in urban Prayagraj (Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh, India. It will also try to figure out exactly what level of obesity is linked to a metabolic risk.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A Cross-sectional study comprising 570 urban women of Prayagraj (Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh, India aged 20–49 years were examined for anthropometry, body composition analysis, blood pressure, random blood sugar, and haemoglobin.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Except for total body water (TBW), all measures of obesity and health markers increased with age (p &lt; 0.000, 95% CI-confidence interval). Appropriate cutoffs calculated with model for adult women for body fat (%), muscle mass (kg), total body water (%), and visceral fat (kg) were 33.5, 34.5, 46.5, and 4.5 respectively. Using stepwise logistic regression, two models eliminating waist circumference (WC) and wait to hip ratio (WHR), respectively, were created. Age, WHR, and visceral fat (VF) for systolic blood pressure; age and TBW for diastolic blood pressure; age and VF for random blood sugar; WHR, body fat% (BF %), Muscle mass (MM), and age for haemoglobin, were all significantly associated with the presence of metabolic risk variables in Model 1. In model 2, only age was significant for predicting systolic blood pressure; age, TBW, and WC for diastolic blood pressure; age and VF for random blood sugar; BF%, WC, and age for haemoglobin were shown to be significantly associated with metabolic risk variables.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Two basic models for predicting metabolic risk in Asian Indians were studied. Both models can be used to assess metabolic risk in them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000057/pdfft?md5=f284837e1a657be1a4f218e18280361e&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000057-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139494235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of egg supplementation on nutritional status, physical fitness and cognition of school-aged children (8–12 Years) in Ho Municipality, Ghana","authors":"Priscilla Cecilia Akpene Amenya ,&nbsp;Reginald Adjetey Annan ,&nbsp;Charles Apprey ,&nbsp;Daniel Edem Kpewou ,&nbsp;Isaac Agyei Annor","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Egg is a cheap source of essential micronutrients and high-quality protein, which can contribute to the daily nutritional needs of children, support their growth and brain development. Aim: The study evaluated the effectiveness of egg supplementation on nutritional status, physical fitness, and cognition of school-aged Children (8–12 Years) in Ho Municipality, Ghana.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A school-based, double-blind randomized controlled trial design was adopted. Children aged 8 to 12 years from government-run primary schools were randomly allocated to receive either egg supplementation three times a week for three months or no supplementation at all for three months. Dietary intakes using a repeated 24-h dietary recall, Raven's cognition test, fitness level, BMI-for-age, and serum levels of ferritin, zinc, and albumin were assessed at baseline and after the intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At pre-intervention, mean intake of several nutrients, including energy, CHO, protein, fat, iron zinc and folate were significantly higher in the intervention group. Post-intervention, these differences significantly increased for protein, fat, and iron, and reduced for energy, carbohydrate, folate, vitamin B6 and 12. Children on egg supplementation had a much higher increase in vitamin A intake (142.0 μg) than the controls (49.8 μg) between pre-and post-intervention. Regarding the physical fitness markers, pre-intervention mean handgrip, forward jump and total fitness scores were all higher in the intervention group and similar for the 50-m run. Post-intervention, the difference was lost while the total fitness score increased rather among controls (p &lt; 0.001). For the biochemical markers, both serum ferritin (mean difference in control = 18.2 <strong>μg/L versus intervention= 20.1 μg/L</strong>) and zinc (mean difference in control 14.4 <strong>μg/L versus intervention 69.4 μg/L</strong>) increased more in the intervention than the controls. BMI-for-age z-score did not change between the intervention and control (p = 0.894) post-intervention, while the total cognition score improves slightly more in controls (4.8 points, p &lt; 0.001) than in the intervention group (3.3 points, p &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results indicate that school children who consumed boiled eggs three times per week for three months had a higher mean intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, iron, zinc, folate, and vitamins A and B6. The mean serum ferritin and albumin levels improved significantly higher in the experimental group. Egg supplementation did not significantly improve physical fitness and cognitive test scores of school-aged children. From this study, egg supplementation may improve some nutrients among school children but effects on congintion and physical fitness may require further study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000082/pdfft?md5=eec39fabe0183204bf11c370e7af7355&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139549542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APOEε4 genotype and DHA and EPA supplementation on the outcomes of cognitive decline: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials","authors":"Cynthia Batista Santos ,&nbsp;Beatriz da Cruz Santos ,&nbsp;Aline Rocha Reis ,&nbsp;Liliane Viana Pires","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation has been used to improve cognitive outcomes in diseases associated with cognition. However, the influence of APOEε4 genotype on these relationships remains unclear. Therefore, this systematic review aims to discuss the evidence regarding the effects of DHA and EPA supplementation on cognitive decline variables and relate them to APOEε4 genotype in middle-aged and older adults. The Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Bireme/Lilacs databases were searched for studies, retrieving 1863 articles. After the step selection, two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of EPA and DHA supplementation on cognitive variables were included. All the methodological steps were performed by two raters. The results of the RCTs were not congruent, as the non-carriers in the APOEε4 supplemented group performed worse in the quick-choice reaction time cognitive domain, whereas the carriers improved in the reasoning domain. The increase in DHA concentration in the supplemented group was lower in APOEε4 carriers than in individuals with other genotypes. Additionally, a smaller decline in right hippocampal brain volume correlated with higher EPA concentrations after supplementation in APOEε4 non-carriers. The dosage and supplementation time (18 months) were similar between studies. In conclusion, DHA and EPA supplementation showed no pragmatic effects on cognitive variables when considering the presence of the APOEε4 allele.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000112/pdfft?md5=8e8e98fd6647546caadb94c2a049d313&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000112-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139494234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nutrition education on improving dietary diversity of children aged 6–23 months in Horo district, Oromia region, Ethiopia","authors":"Gadise Adugna ,&nbsp;Gudina Egata ,&nbsp;Dinaol Abdissa Fufa ,&nbsp;Derese Tamiru Desta","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Unmet minimum dietary diversity (MDD) feeding practices in poor nations place children at high risk of undernutrition and its related effects, which are far-reaching and difficult to correct later in life.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to assess the effect of maternal nutrition education and another determinant on the dietary diversity of children aged 6–23 months.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A community-based cluster randomized trial study design was conducted from July 2019 to January 2020 in the Horo district. Twenty-three kebeles were assigned to two clusters. From two clusters, two kebeles were selected by simple random sampling. Two kebeles were assigned as intervention (150) and control (150) groups by the lottery method, at the end of the line as intervention (139) and control (137) groups. Simple random sampling techniques were used to select the study subjects. The nutrition education intervention, which lasted three months and consisted of eight sessions, was given to the intervention group, which was made up of mothers and other caregivers of children aged 6–23 months.</p><p>Data entry into Epi-data and analysis were done using IBM SPSS version 26 computer software. At a 95% confidence level, values with P ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. B-ivariable and multivariable conditional fixed-effect logistic regression analyses were done to identify the determinants of the dietary diversity score. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) were used to describe the strength and direction of the association.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The result was that the proportion of children with a good dietary diversity score was 52 (34.7%) and 40 (26.7%) in the control group and intervention groups at baseline, respectively. Household food security [AOR = 4.06, 95% CI: (2.45, 6.73] and being in the intervention group [AOR = 1.90, 95% CI: (1.10, 3.29] were both positive predictors of the dietary diversity score, while maternal age (35–45 years) was a negative predictor.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>At baseline, a high proportion of children aged 6–23 months did not receive the World Health Organization's minimum dietary diversity recommendation for both groups. The consumption of animal sources and vitamin-A-rich fruits and vegetables was poor among both groups. At the end of the day, after nutrition education, the dietary diversity score improved in the intervention groups but not in the control groups. New strategies and programs should be made at all levels to improve childhood nutritional status. This includes providing nutrition education for mothers aged between 35 and 45 years old.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000069/pdfft?md5=9aed8c3144570db1d3fe655a822409d0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139549543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the relationship between Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in a clinical-based sample of Vietnamese aged 20–50: A generalized linear regression analysis","authors":"Trong Hung Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thi Thuy Bui ,&nbsp;Quang Duc Tran ,&nbsp;Thi Hang Diem ,&nbsp;Tuyet Mai Truong ,&nbsp;Hong Truong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Danh Tuyen Le","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>While some evidence has shown that the BMI component differentially influences bone mineral density (BMD), no studies have examined the association between BMI and BMD in Vietnamese adults. The objective of the present study was to examine the associations between BMI and BMD in relatively healthy Vietnamese adults. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, BMD results measured by DXA and risk factors associated with BMD were retrospectively obtained from the medical records of 333 customers at the National Institute of Nutrition, Vietnam. The customers (aged 20–50 years) underwent a nutrition evaluation and completed BMD examinations between January 1 and November 30, 2021. Osteopenia was defined as the BMD (Z-score) &lt; -2. The correlation between BMI and BMD was analyzed using generalized linear regression. The study found that 7.7% of females and 4.6% of males had osteopenia at the lumbar spine, while 6.9% of females and 5.7% of males had osteopenia at the total hip. Our study discovered a significant relationship between BMI and normal BMD or osteopenia among both males and females, except for the lumbar spine in males. Notably, the results indicated that underweight individuals had a higher likelihood of developing osteopenia. Furthermore, the positive correlation between being overweight or obese and having a higher BMD was also confirmed.Our findings show that the BMI categories affect BMD differently and that being underweight increases the risk of osteopenia among 20-50-year-old Vietnamese. Therefore, we emphasize the need for a BMI-based pre-screening tool for osteopenia in this age group before the further examination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000033/pdfft?md5=495aa84a2ff17602b9677e3778500ea0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000033-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139419264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive lifestyle intervention positively affects nonalcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score (NFS) and key metabolic parameters: A retrospective study","authors":"Benjamin Peter Michael Gummlich ,&nbsp;Dirk Raddatz ,&nbsp;Katja Susanne Claudia Gollisch","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To date lifestyle intervention is the only proven therapy to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we retrospectively analyze the influence of a structured, multimodal 52-week lifestyle intervention program on NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) as a marker for liver fibrosis. At baseline, 16/47 subjects (34.0%) in our cohort displayed elevated NFS levels suggestive for advanced stages of liver fibrosis. Already after the initial 12-week hypocaloric fasting phase with a formula diet, this number decreased significantly and continued to decrease until the end of the program to 10/47 (21.3%). At baseline, 48.9% of the participants had impaired glucose metabolism, as defined by impaired fasting glucose, elevated HbA1c, or overt type 2 diabetes mellitus. This proportion reduced markedly to 31.9% by the end of the program. The proportion of advanced stages of liver fibrosis was especially high in the subgroup of participants with impaired glucose metabolism. This group particularly benefited from the lifestyle intervention program in terms of their NFS. The present study demonstrates that participants of structured multimodal lifestyle intervention programs with formula diets can significantly improve their metabolic parameters, such as body weight, fasting glucose, HbA1c, and lipids, and substantially reduce their risk of advanced liver fibrosis. Primary care providers must be aware of the close link between impaired glucose metabolism and increased liver-related risk and refer their metabolically ill patients to effective programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000094/pdfft?md5=d0db5d39dd0a04df7e9247992a31e4a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000094-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139457081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}