Human Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Impact of metabolic syndrome on adiponectin, cardio-ankle vascular index, and cardiovascular risk in middle-aged obese men: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Thanutchaporn Nutmakul ,&nbsp;Lita Thamrongloessakun ,&nbsp;Jintana Sirivarasai ,&nbsp;Sirasa Ruangritchankul ,&nbsp;Wutarak Monsuwan","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to determine the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in obese men by assessing adiponectin levels, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease using the Thai cardiovascular risk score (TCVRS), and evaluated whether CAVI and adiponectin could serve as predictors for CVD. Among 82 middle-aged obese men, 70.7 % had MetS, 56.1 % had hypoadiponectinemia, 20.7 % were classified as having a high CAVI (&gt;8), and 15.9 % were considered at high cardiovascular risk (TCVRS ≥20 %). Participants in the MetS group had a higher CVD risk, as evidenced by significantly higher TCVRS and lower adiponectin compared to the non-MetS group, though CAVI did not differ significantly. Among the components of MetS, high triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol levels affected adiponectin levels, while high fasting plasma glucose levels impacted CAVI values, which was supported by Spearman correlation analysis. Additionally, CAVI positively correlated with TCVRS and was identified as an independent predictor of CVD risk in both the total and MetS groups. Conversely, adiponectin exhibited an inverse correlation and was an independent predictor in the non-MetS group. Importantly, subgroup analysis indicated that participants with higher CAVI had a greater CVD risk compared to those with normal CAVI levels. Notably, participants with high CAVI who did not have hypoadiponectinemia exhibited the highest TCVRS, with over half classified as being at high cardiovascular risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond medication: Unveiling the role of diet and lifestyle in fatty liver disease management","authors":"Iahtisham-Ul-Haq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nadeem ,&nbsp;Aanchal Sharma ,&nbsp;Robert Mugabi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Waseem ,&nbsp;Gulzar Ahmad Nayik","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fatty liver disease (FLD), also known as hepatic steatosis, is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver, which can lead to inflammation, scarring, and severe liver damage. The global prevalence of FLD is increasing, exacerbated by factors such as obesity, diabetes, and poor lifestyle choices.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This review aims to explore the role of dietary and lifestyle modifications in the prevention and management of FLD. It provides evidence-based recommendations to help mitigate the progression of the disease through non-pharmacological interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was done using various reliable online databases (PubMed Central, Research Gate, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Google scholar, Science Direct, National Institute of Health and related databases). Full length research or review articles in English or bilingual were selected based on fatty liver disease while unpublished or irrelevant articles were excluded. The collected data were analyzed to identify effective dietary and lifestyle practices for managing FLD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings indicate that dietary modifications, including reduced intake of saturated and trans fats, sugars, and alcohol, alongside increased consumption of healthy fats, complex carbohydrates, and lean proteins, can significantly alleviate FLD symptoms. Regular physical activity also plays a critical role in managing the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Strategic dietary interventions include vitamin D, Vitamin E, low carbohydrates, high protein (varying results found in literature), low saturated fat but mono and poly unsaturated fatty acids, fish meat, nuts, herbs (green tea and lemon grass) and bioactive rich food commodities are impactful. Nonetheless, adopting a healthier lifestyle <em>i.e.,</em> by avoiding smoking and a sedentary lifestyle, managing co-morbid disorders, and abstaining from skipping meals are recommended for better management and prevention of FLD. However, analysis of factors causing FLD demands more elaborative, customized, and rigorous interdisciplinary research to vividly elucidate the effect of specific dietary components on treatment of FLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formula with real food ingredients for tube feeding in children with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs): A case series","authors":"Valeria Dipasquale,&nbsp;Rossella Morello,&nbsp;Claudio Romano","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this case series was to evaluate the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of an enteral formula containing food-derived ingredients for pediatric patients with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). Children (1–17 years) with (i) a formally diagnosed NMD and (ii) exclusive enteral nutrition were enrolled. Patients received a nutritionally complete 1.2 kcal/mL enteral formula containing food-derived ingredients (peas, green beans, peaches, carrots, and chicken). Weight, body mass index (BMI), mid-upper-arm-circumference (MUAC) standard deviation (SD), and symptoms were assessed at the baseline (formula start; visit 1) and at 6 months (visit 2). Five NMD children with spinal muscular atrophy were included. Weight and BMI increased significantly after a mean of 2.5 months: weight −3.5 (V1) vs. −2.5 Z-score (V2) (p = 0.004) and BMI -3.8 (V1) vs. - 3 Z-score (V2) (p = 0.03). MUAC SD increased over the study period as well, even though the increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.231). All patients well tolerated the formula, and a relief from gastrointestinal symptoms was reported. The enteral formula containing food-derived ingredients may be a valid option in tube feeding management for children with NMDs. A small sample size and retrospective design limit the generalizability of findings. Further data (e.g., larger sample size, longer follow-up period, or different NMD subtypes) are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of green tea and matcha consumption in cardiovascular health, obesity, and diabetes: Insights from a Saudi Arabian population","authors":"Faisal Alsenani ,&nbsp;Nasser Alotaiq ,&nbsp;Doni Dermawan ,&nbsp;Nasr Eldin Elwali ,&nbsp;Mohammed Z. Nasrullah ,&nbsp;Rashed H. Almalki ,&nbsp;Nahar T. Alfarsi ,&nbsp;Alwaleed S. Almatrafi ,&nbsp;Muhannad S. Alsulami","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the consumption patterns, health perceptions, and demographic correlates of green tea and matcha consumption in Saudi Arabia, focusing on their implications for cardiovascular health, obesity, and diabetes management. A survey was conducted among participants, focusing on demographics, consumption patterns, health perceptions, and lifestyle habits. Statistical analysis, including regression modeling, was employed to explore the relationships between perception, health outcomes, frequency, and duration of consumption. Participants perceived green tea and matcha as beneficial for weight management, cardiovascular health, and, to a lesser extent, diabetes control. While these perceptions align with existing literature on the health benefits of polyphenols and caffeine found in green tea and matcha, there were notable disparities in consumption patterns, with many participants reporting infrequent consumption. This discrepancy between public perception and scientific evidence underscores the need for balanced health communication strategies. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of considering individual variations in response to these beverages, as evidenced by reported side effects like irregular heartbeats. Overall, this study contributes to understanding the role of green tea and matcha in promoting cardiovascular health, managing obesity, and potentially mitigating diabetes risk factors in the Saudi Arabian context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, probiotic characterization and whole-genome sequencing of gut Faecalibacterium prausnitzii","authors":"Xuemei Sun,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhang,&nbsp;Jielun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The next generation of probiotics <em>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</em> is a very important butyric acid producing bacterium in the human intestinal tract, but its extreme sensitization to oxygen hinders its isolation for further study and application. The current study attempted to isolate and identify <em>F. prausnitzii</em> strains from human feces, as well as sequencing the whole genomes, to study their basic characteristics and probiotic potentials. Two strains were successfully obtained named <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 20 and <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28, which entered the logarithmic growth phase at 24 h and then the stable growth phase at 48 h. At 72 h, <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 grew better and resulted a lower pH in culture medium than <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 20. The butyric acid production of <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 was up to 38.68 mmol/L. The two strains were tolerant to pH 3.0 and 0.3 % of bile salt, and were capable of growing on glucose, inulin, β-glucan, and konjac glucomannan as the sole carbon source, but not on pectin, arabinogalactan, and arabinoxylan. Additionally, they exhibited good inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with inhibition rates of up to 60.90 % and 32.69 %, respectively, as well as strong scavenging abilities for DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion free radicals (91.92 %, 73.06 %, and 95.82 %, respectively). The whole genome of <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 had a size of 3,950,000 bp with a GC ratio of 56.50 % and possessed 2752 genes consisting of 2645 coding sequences and 107 non-coding sequences. Gene prediction confirmed that <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 had acid resistance, bile salt resistance, oxidation resistance and adhesion properties. This study provided new strains for the study of <em>F. prausnitzii</em>, as well as a theoretical basis for the research and development of <em>F. prausnitzii</em> based therapies in hypoglycemic and other health aspects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of treatment outcome among severe acute malnutrition children admitted inpatient therapeutic feeding center in public health facilities of Jigjiga Town, Somali Region, Ethiopia","authors":"Mohamed Arab Abdilahi ,&nbsp;Shamsedin Mahdi Hassan ,&nbsp;Mohamed Omar Osman ,&nbsp;Muhumed Haji Abdi","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia, with inconsistent and inconclusive treatment outcomes, particularly in the study area.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Therefore, this study aims to assess the predictors of outcome treatment among SAM under-five children admitted to stabilization centers in public health facilities in Jigjiga Town, Somali Region, Ethiopia, 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study at Jigjiga Referral Hospital with 418 participants used checklist data entered EPI Data 3.1 and analyzed in SPSS 23, employing Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression to assess variables' association with recovery rate, including significant predictors (p &lt; 0.05) identified through bivariate and multivariate Cox models, and hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % CI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The recovery rate was 62.2 % with a median nutritional recovery time of 13 days. Vitamin A supplementation 1.4(AHR = 1.405 95 % CI: 1.058, 1.865), received plump nut 1.8 (AHR = 1.8, 95 % 1.250, 2.585) pneumonia 0.684 (AHR = 0.684, 95 % CI: 0.508, 0.921), history of diarrhea 0.614(AHR = 0.614, 95 % CI: 0.435, 0.866), correctly filled multi-chart 1.37 1.379 (AHR = 1.379, 95 % CI: 1.060, 1.795) were significantly associated the recovery rate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study found that the recovery rate remains low compared to the WHO Sphere standard benchmark and similar studies conducted in Ethiopia. To improve the recovery rate, interventions should prioritize ensuring accurate and complete chart documentation by healthcare providers and incorporating nutritional supplements such as Vitamin A.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting metabolic rate (RMR) of recreational female CrossFit® practitioners: Agreement between indirect calorimetry and predictive equations and correlation between RMR ratio and metabolic hormone levels","authors":"Marcus V.L. Dos Santos Quaresma ,&nbsp;Caroline Soares Santos ,&nbsp;Bruno Becaro ,&nbsp;Leonardo Azevedo Alvares ,&nbsp;Raphael Einsfeld Simões Ferreira ,&nbsp;Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli-Santos ,&nbsp;Fernanda Patti Nakamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resting metabolic rate ratio (RMR_ratio) is calculated dividing the RMR from indirect calorimetry (RMR_IC) by the RMR estimate by equations (RMR_e). RMR_ratio is a tool for energy suppression assessment and it can be useful in situations of low energy availability. To date, predictive equations have not been evaluated regarding their agreement with RMR of female CrossFit® practitioners. As such, we aimed to verify the agreement between RMR_IC and RMR_e and its correlation with metabolic hormones. This was a cross-sectional study with nonprobability sampling. Participants (healthy women aged 18–39 years, with at least 1 year of regular CrossFit® training experience) visited the laboratory once for blood collection and nutritional, body composition, and RMR assessment. RMR_IC was estimated using K5; COSMED®. We evaluated its agreement with the RMR estimated by several equations. Then, for each predictive equation, the RMR_ratio was calculated. We assessed triiodothyronine (TT₃), leptin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels. The Bland–Altman method was used to identify the agreement between the RMR_IC and the RMR_e. Thirty female recreational CrossFit® practitioners (33.11 ± 5.23 y) were assessed. The Cunningham (1980) equation was the one that most agreed with the RMR_IC. Still, RMR_IC did not differ when compared to TT₃ (p = 0.470), leptin (p = 0.848), and IGF-1 (p = 0.634) levels. Likewise, we found no differences when RMR_ratio was compared by the median and tertiles of hormones. In summary, our findings revealed that the RMR_e showed low agreement with the RMR_IC. Besides, the RMR_ratio did not differ according to the hormones TT₃, leptin, and IGF-1 of female recreational CrossFit® practitioners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early weaning and anemia in children under 2 years old from indigenous peoples in Alagoas state, Brazil","authors":"Valéria Clarisse de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Paola Soledad Mosquera ,&nbsp;Tamara Rodrigues dos Santos ,&nbsp;Haroldo S. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Bárbara H. Lourenço ,&nbsp;Marly A. Cardoso","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the frequency of breastfeeding (BF) practices and factors associated with early weaning and anemia in indigenous children under 2 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A household cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 indigenous communities in Alagoas state, northeastern Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mothers of eligible children were interviewed to gather socioeconomic, demographic, health, and feeding practice data. Blood samples were collected to assess the hemoglobin concentration (Hb). Multiple Cox, linear, and Poisson regression models were employed to examine the factors associated with weaning and anemia (Hb &lt; 110 g/L in children aged 6 months and older).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 1303 households surveyed, 145 had children under 2 years old. The prevalence of exclusive BF at 6 months was only 19 %. High frequencies of anemia (42.5 %), bottle-feeding (70 %), and pacifier use (31 %) were observed. The use of bottle and pacifier was associated with early weaning. Bottle-feeding was significantly associated with anemia (PR = 2.62; 95 % CI: 1.42–4.84) after adjusting for household wealth index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>BF practices among indigenous children do not meet WHO recommendations. The use of artificial nipples was linked to early weaning, and bottle feeding was associated with anemia after 6 months of age. These findings underscore the urgent need for interventions to promote, protect, and support BF in indigenous people, guiding multidisciplinary health teams in properly caring for young children in indigenous communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between exposure to volatile organic compounds with obesity in adults","authors":"Runmiao Wu ,&nbsp;Lei Jia ,&nbsp;Xu Zhu ,&nbsp;Gongchang Guan ,&nbsp;Junkui Wang ,&nbsp;Rutai Hui ,&nbsp;Meijuan Ma ,&nbsp;Zhao Zhao ,&nbsp;Hui Pang ,&nbsp;Ling Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study was to investigate the correlation between urine volatile organic compound (VOC) metabolites and obesity-related outcomes, including BMI, waist circumference, obesity, and abdominal obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2011 and 2016 were utilized for this analysis. Linear regression and logistic regression models were employed to estimate β-coefficients or odds ratios (ORs) along with their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Quantile g-computation (Qgcomp) regression, a method designed to evaluate the combined effects of multiple correlated chemical exposures, was used to assess the mixed influence of VOC metabolites on obesity-related outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 4950 adults were included in this analysis. The median age of the participants was 47 (33, 60) years, with 49.3 % being male. The median BMI was 27.7 (24.2, 32.4) kg/m², and the median waist circumference was 98.0 (87.3, 109.0) cm. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was 36.8 % and 56.5 %, respectively. After adjusting for all covariates, urine VOC metabolites (including AAMA, AMCC, BMA, CYMA, DHBMA, 3HPMA, 2HPMA, MA, 2MHA, 3MHA+4MHA, MHBMA3, PGA, and HPMMA) exhibited a negative association with obesity. With the exception of BMA and DHBMA, similar results were observed regarding the association between urine VOC metabolites and the prevalence of abdominal obesity. Additionally, Qgcomp regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the mixture of urine VOC metabolites and all obesity-related outcomes, with 2HPMA demonstrating the strongest influence on this negative association.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest a negative relationship between exposure to VOCs, as measured by urine VOC metabolite levels, and obesity in adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 200296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allium cepa L. as a natural antioxidant: Its efficacy in combating heat stress-induced physiological alterations","authors":"Ayobami O. Sobanke ,&nbsp;Afusat Aiyeola ,&nbsp;Frances I. Okwuonu ,&nbsp;Wuraola S. Nnaemeka ,&nbsp;Jeremiah C. Ndubuisi ,&nbsp;Franklin I. Udeoji ,&nbsp;Jane N. Adiele","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat stress (HS) is a major physiological stressor that induces oxidative damage, inflammation, and metabolic disruptions, all of which cause harm to health. This study investigates the potential protective effects of <em>Allium cepa</em> L. (AC), against the physiological alterations brought on by HS. Twenty male rats were utilized in this study and divided into 4 groups: Control, HS, AC, and HS + AC. Rats were exposed to 38–39 °C for 2 h each day for three weeks to induce HS while 1.0 ml/100 g body weight of ethanolic extract of AC was administered orally for three weeks. Hematological parameters, inflammatory markers, and lipid profiles were analyzed using blood samples obtained through heart puncture.</div><div>The findings demonstrated that HS significantly lowered levels of hemoglobin (HB), red blood cell (RBC) counts, and antioxidant enzyme activity. However, there was a significant rise in the levels of inflammatory markers, platelet counts, LDL-c triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and white blood cell (WBC). Many of these alterations were reversed by AC supplementation, by increasing RBC counts, HB levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities while decreasing LDL-c, TG and TC, MDA, and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α). However, the positive benefits of AC were partially diminished in the HS + AC group, perhaps due to the severe oxidative stress caused by heat stress (HS).</div><div>This study highlights the probable potential of AC as a natural antioxidant in modifying heat stress-induced oxidative damage, hematological changes, and lipid metabolism disruptions; however, its protective effects are insufficient to mitigate heat stress. Therefore, further research is required to explore the other possible underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 200293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}