Human Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"The miracle Berry: Unveiling the therapeutic attributes of sea buckthorn – A review","authors":"Rabiya Zulfiqar ,&nbsp;Kainat Fatima ,&nbsp;Iahtisham-Ul Haq ,&nbsp;Robert Mugabi ,&nbsp;Aanchal Sharma ,&nbsp;Sarvesh Rustagi ,&nbsp;Rattan Singh ,&nbsp;Gulzar Ahmad Nayik","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sea buckthorn (<em>Hippophae rhamnoides</em> L.) is a versatile plant renowned for its exceptional nutritional and therapeutic properties. Native to mountainous regions of Asia and Europe, it has been traditionally utilized for its medicinal benefits. Its promising nutritional profile highlighted by significant levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, along with omega-7 palmitoleic acid and vitamin C content makes it unique from other plants. Omega-7 palmitoleic acid is an extremely beneficial MUFA that can be crucial in treating different metabolic disorders. Its valuable role in glucose metabolism, skin health, liver functions, inflammatory diseases etc. has been well-reported in the literature. In addition, sea buckthorn has a range of bioactive compounds like antioxidants, polyphenols, flavonoids, sugars, organic acids, vitamins, and minerals that are cardinal for added health benefits. These compounds contribute to the therapeutic potential of sea buckthorn delivering antioxidants, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, immune boosting and cardio-protective properties. This review sums up the chemical composition, botanical features, uses and therapeutic properties of sea buckthorn to unveil its extraordinary potential and its possible inclusion in routine therapies to improve human health its possible inclusion in routine therapies to improve human health. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the plant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 200321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindful Eating in the management of eating disorders: A bibliometric study","authors":"Saltos Atiencia Dayana ,&nbsp;Chamba Calva Wilmer","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The management of eating disorders (ED) requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates medical, psychological, and nutritional care. In this context, Mindful Eating (ME) has emerged as a concept gaining increasing attention as a potential adjunctive approach to addressing eating disorders. The aim of this study was to analyze the scientific output related to Mindful Eating in the context of eating disorder management from 2000 to 2025, using a bibliometric analysis. The methodology followed a quantitative, descriptive, and non-experimental approach. The bibliometric study was based on a representative set of scientific articles indexed in the Scopus database. A search string was applied with filters for year, document type, and language to ensure appropriate selection. The analysis was conducted using Bibliometrix (RStudio) for bibliometric measurements and VOSviewer for generating visualizations, graphs, and data mapping. The findings revealed a significant increase in scientific production, with 91 articles published since 2008 and an annual growth rate of 17.39 %. This indicates that Mindful Eating has become a growing research theme, frequently associated with related concepts such as obesity, body weight, bulimia, anorexia, and body image. The study offers a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape, providing a foundation for future investigations into clinical applications and informing the development of hypotheses for targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 200320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lacto-vegetarian dietary score and kidney stones are likely to be inversely associated in men but not in women: A case-control study","authors":"Samira Movahed ,&nbsp;Farid Zayeri ,&nbsp;Behnood Abbasi","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Given that the lacto-vegetarian dietary score (LVDS), has not been previously examined in relation to formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones (KS), we chose to explore this potential association.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control investigation involved 620 individuals, comprising 310 newly diagnosed patients with CaOx stones and 310 control subjects. Dietary consumption was evaluated through a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire covering the previous year. The relationship between LVDs and KS was analyzed utilizing multivariable logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of the current study demonstrated that controls had higher mean LVDs (36.62 ± 4.74 vs 35.55 ± 5.27, P = 0.008), intake of fruits (214.31 ± 116.04 vs 196.58 ± 100.94, P = 0.043), vegetables (322.98 ± 193.89 vs 275.10 ± 154.41, P &lt; 0.001), dairy (407.09 ± 224.24 vs 349.71 ± 222.93, P = 0.001) and olive oil (13.12 ± 2.82 vs 12.47 ± 2.09, P = 0.001) than those with CaOx KS. The univariate logistic regression results revealed that each unit increase in LVD score decreases the odds of having KS by 4.2 % (OR = 0.958, P = 0.009). After adjusting for age and BMI, the estimated OR was 0.95 for men (P = 0.013). Participants in the first tertile of LVDs had about 52 % higher odds of having KS than those in the third tertile (OR = 1.52, P = 0.04). However, a significant difference was found in male participants in the first and third tertiles of LVDs regarding the odds of having KS after adjusting for age and BMI (adjusted OR = 1.87, P = 0.02). The similar difference was not significant in female participants (OR = 0.49, P = 0.15).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Increasing in the LVD score is associated with a decrease in the likelihood of developing KS overall, with a more pronounced reduction in men.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 200319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent fasting and body Composition: Insights from the Iranian National obesity registry (IRNOR)","authors":"Niloufar Abdollahpour ,&nbsp;Najmeh Seifi ,&nbsp;Mina Nosrati ,&nbsp;Habibollah Esmaily ,&nbsp;Pardis mohammadyfard ,&nbsp;Mahsa Amarlou ,&nbsp;Ali Ebrahimi Dabagh ,&nbsp;Gordon A. Ferns ,&nbsp;Maryam Alinezhad-Namaghi ,&nbsp;Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global rise of adiposity has increased interest in novel dietary approaches such as 5:2 intermittent fasting (IF) for health management. This study aimed to assess the impact of a 12-week 5:2 IF on both traditional and novel body composition metrics in individuals with overweight and obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data for this12-week longitudinal cohort study was extracted from the electronic database of the Iranian National Obesity Registry (IRNOR). According to data provided by IRNOR, adults with overweight or obesity were compared based on adherence to either 5:2 IF or a daily calorie restriction (CR) program. The 5:2 IF group consumed 500–600 kcal on fasting days and an isocaloric diet on non-fasting days, while the CR group reduced their calorie intake by 500–1000 kcal per day.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 102 participants (mean age 36.75 ± 12.25 years) were included. Over 12 weeks, both groups experienced significant reductions in weight, body circumference, and fat metrics, including visceral fat area (P &lt; 0.05). The IF group, despite a non-significant smaller reduction in total calorie intake, achieved 1 kg greater weight loss than the CR group (−525.33 ± 831.01 vs. −506.23 ± 763.24, P = 0.08). In contrast to the CR group, the 5:2 IF did not show a significant reduction in body cell mass, fat free-mass index, extracellular water-to-total body water, and phase angle over time (P &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The 5:2 IF may better preserve cellular structure and hydration balance, achieving clinically significant weight loss. Given its comparable efficacy, it may be a viable alternative. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 200316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early weaning and anemia in children under 2 years old from indigenous peoples in Alagoas state, Brazil","authors":"Valéria Clarisse de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Paola Soledad Mosquera ,&nbsp;Tamara Rodrigues dos Santos ,&nbsp;Haroldo S. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Bárbara H. Lourenço ,&nbsp;Marly A. Cardoso","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the frequency of breastfeeding (BF) practices and factors associated with early weaning and anemia in indigenous children under 2 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A household cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 indigenous communities in Alagoas state, northeastern Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mothers of eligible children were interviewed to gather socioeconomic, demographic, health, and feeding practice data. Blood samples were collected to assess the hemoglobin concentration (Hb). Multiple Cox, linear, and Poisson regression models were employed to examine the factors associated with weaning and anemia (Hb &lt; 110 g/L in children aged 6 months and older).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 1303 households surveyed, 145 had children under 2 years old. The prevalence of exclusive BF at 6 months was only 19 %. High frequencies of anemia (42.5 %), bottle-feeding (70 %), and pacifier use (31 %) were observed. The use of bottle and pacifier was associated with early weaning. Bottle-feeding was significantly associated with anemia (PR = 2.62; 95 % CI: 1.42–4.84) after adjusting for household wealth index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>BF practices among indigenous children do not meet WHO recommendations. The use of artificial nipples was linked to early weaning, and bottle feeding was associated with anemia after 6 months of age. These findings underscore the urgent need for interventions to promote, protect, and support BF in indigenous people, guiding multidisciplinary health teams in properly caring for young children in indigenous communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond medication: Unveiling the role of diet and lifestyle in fatty liver disease management","authors":"Iahtisham-Ul-Haq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nadeem ,&nbsp;Aanchal Sharma ,&nbsp;Robert Mugabi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Waseem ,&nbsp;Gulzar Ahmad Nayik","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fatty liver disease (FLD), also known as hepatic steatosis, is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver, which can lead to inflammation, scarring, and severe liver damage. The global prevalence of FLD is increasing, exacerbated by factors such as obesity, diabetes, and poor lifestyle choices.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This review aims to explore the role of dietary and lifestyle modifications in the prevention and management of FLD. It provides evidence-based recommendations to help mitigate the progression of the disease through non-pharmacological interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was done using various reliable online databases (PubMed Central, Research Gate, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Google scholar, Science Direct, National Institute of Health and related databases). Full length research or review articles in English or bilingual were selected based on fatty liver disease while unpublished or irrelevant articles were excluded. The collected data were analyzed to identify effective dietary and lifestyle practices for managing FLD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings indicate that dietary modifications, including reduced intake of saturated and trans fats, sugars, and alcohol, alongside increased consumption of healthy fats, complex carbohydrates, and lean proteins, can significantly alleviate FLD symptoms. Regular physical activity also plays a critical role in managing the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Strategic dietary interventions include vitamin D, Vitamin E, low carbohydrates, high protein (varying results found in literature), low saturated fat but mono and poly unsaturated fatty acids, fish meat, nuts, herbs (green tea and lemon grass) and bioactive rich food commodities are impactful. Nonetheless, adopting a healthier lifestyle <em>i.e.,</em> by avoiding smoking and a sedentary lifestyle, managing co-morbid disorders, and abstaining from skipping meals are recommended for better management and prevention of FLD. However, analysis of factors causing FLD demands more elaborative, customized, and rigorous interdisciplinary research to vividly elucidate the effect of specific dietary components on treatment of FLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro fermentation of whole matrix, digested products and β-glucan enriched extract of Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms distinctively impact the fecal microbiota of healthy older adults","authors":"Evangelia N. Kerezoudi ,&nbsp;Marigoula Vlassopoulou ,&nbsp;Evdokia K. Mitsou ,&nbsp;Georgia Saxami ,&nbsp;Georgios Koutrotsios ,&nbsp;Ioanna Taflampa ,&nbsp;Konstantinos C. Mountzouris ,&nbsp;Ignacio Rangel ,&nbsp;Robert J. Brummer ,&nbsp;Georgios I. Zervakis ,&nbsp;Vasiliki Pletsa ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Georgiadis ,&nbsp;Adamantini Kyriacou","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pleurotus eryngii</em> (PE), an edible mushroom rich in bioactive compounds, has been shown to exert immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial, antihepatotoxic and hypolipidemic activities, all important for the well-being of the ageing population. This study assessed <em>in vitro</em> the prebiotic-like effects of multiple forms of this mushroom. An <em>in vitro</em> static batch fermentation was performed for 24 h with faecal inocula from five apparently healthy older adults in the presence of the following PE forms: whole food matrix (PEWS), <em>in vitro</em> digested (PEWSD) and rich in <em>β</em>-glucans extract (PEWSE). The changes in bacterial communities upon fermentation at family, genera and species level were detected via 16S rRNA Next Generation Sequencing and Quantitative real-time PCR. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were quantified using gas chromatography (GC), whereas other metabolites were analysed through ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). DEseq2 analysis indicated that PEWS presence exhibited the largest impact on faecal microbial families' and genera's abundance compared to negative (non-carbon source) and positive (inulin) controls. Only PEWS significantly increased <em>Bifidobacterium</em> spp. and <em>F. prausnitzii</em> populations, while all three forms robustly increased <em>Bacteroides</em> spp. levels and levels of butyrate, acetate and propionate acids. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Overall, the findings highlight the beneficial effect of PE on intestinal health of older adults supporting its potential incorporation into innovative functional foods. However, additional <em>in vivo</em> studies are required to substantiate these findings before translating them into dietary guidelines or clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, probiotic characterization and whole-genome sequencing of gut Faecalibacterium prausnitzii","authors":"Xuemei Sun,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhang,&nbsp;Jielun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The next generation of probiotics <em>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</em> is a very important butyric acid producing bacterium in the human intestinal tract, but its extreme sensitization to oxygen hinders its isolation for further study and application. The current study attempted to isolate and identify <em>F. prausnitzii</em> strains from human feces, as well as sequencing the whole genomes, to study their basic characteristics and probiotic potentials. Two strains were successfully obtained named <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 20 and <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28, which entered the logarithmic growth phase at 24 h and then the stable growth phase at 48 h. At 72 h, <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 grew better and resulted a lower pH in culture medium than <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 20. The butyric acid production of <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 was up to 38.68 mmol/L. The two strains were tolerant to pH 3.0 and 0.3 % of bile salt, and were capable of growing on glucose, inulin, β-glucan, and konjac glucomannan as the sole carbon source, but not on pectin, arabinogalactan, and arabinoxylan. Additionally, they exhibited good inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with inhibition rates of up to 60.90 % and 32.69 %, respectively, as well as strong scavenging abilities for DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion free radicals (91.92 %, 73.06 %, and 95.82 %, respectively). The whole genome of <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 had a size of 3,950,000 bp with a GC ratio of 56.50 % and possessed 2752 genes consisting of 2645 coding sequences and 107 non-coding sequences. Gene prediction confirmed that <em>F. prausnitzii</em> 28 had acid resistance, bile salt resistance, oxidation resistance and adhesion properties. This study provided new strains for the study of <em>F. prausnitzii</em>, as well as a theoretical basis for the research and development of <em>F. prausnitzii</em> based therapies in hypoglycemic and other health aspects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in nutritional risk screening tools for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Rao Xin,&nbsp;Fan Lin,&nbsp;Guo Chaoqun,&nbsp;Zou Changlian,&nbsp;Chen Xiaoyan,&nbsp;He Ting,&nbsp;Wu Chuntao,&nbsp;Zhao Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Object</h3><div>With the intensification of the global aging population trend and changes in lifestyle, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to rise, and it has become a major global public health problem. Malnutrition is an independent risk factor that affects the clinical outcomes, quality of life, and physical functions of inpatients with T2DM, and nutritional risk is the potential precursor state of malnutrition. Early nutritional risk screening and assessment for inpatients with T2DM is crucial for the timely initiation of adequate nutritional support. Through the precise identification of the nutritional risk and nutritional status of patients, their clinical development trajectory can be predicted, and the positive impact of nutritional management and treatment can be clarified. Currently, there are various nutritional risk screening and assessment tools for inpatients with T2DM, but each has its own advantages, disadvantages, and scope of application. Therefore, this article reviews the commonly used nutritional risk screening and assessment tools for inpatients with T2DM, compares the screening and assessment contents, advantages and disadvantages, and scope of application of different tools, in order to provide references for the early prevention and treatment of patients and the implementation of individualized and standardized nutritional management pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latest trends on interplay of autophagy, adipose tissue, and gut microbiota in obesity-related metabolic disorders","authors":"Claudette Butoyi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Asad Iqbal ,&nbsp;Isaac Duah Boateng","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of review</h3><div>This review aims to synthesize current research on the intricate relationships among visceral obesity (VO), autophagy (Atg), gut microbiota, and adipose tissue dysfunction, all of which contribute significantly to insulin resistance (IR) and associated metabolic disorders. Specifically, it seeks to identify key mechanistic pathways and potential therapeutic targets.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Contemporary investigations have established VO as a principal etiological factor in diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD), accounting for a substantial proportion of global metabolic disease incidence. Notable discoveries include: (1) the nuanced role of Atg in adipose tissue homeostasis, wherein tissue-specific aberrations, such as diminished ATG5 expression in visceral adipose tissue, exacerbate IR. Conversely, pharmacologically induced Atg, exemplified by rapamycin administration, enhances insulin sensitivity by 15–25 % in rodent models. (2) Alterations in gut microbial composition, characterized by a 40 % decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in Firmicutes, correlate with elevated visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation. Fecal microbiota transplantation in human studies has demonstrated restoration of microbial diversity, resulting in a 12 % reduction in hepatic steatosis in NAFLD patients; (3) adipose tissue macrophages exhibit a pro-inflammatory phenotype, evidenced by a 2-3-fold elevation in TNF-α levels in VO, which precipitates metabolic dysfunction through Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The interactive network involving Atg, gut microbiota, and adipose tissue represents a pivotal axis in the development of metabolic diseases. While interventions targeting Atg and microbiota modulation demonstrate potential, inconsistent outcomes, such as the variable efficacy of probiotic therapies, underscore the context-dependent nature of these mechanisms. Existing therapeutic approaches, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and bariatric surgery, address adiposity but require more targeted approaches. Future research should prioritize elucidating tissue-specific Atg regulation and developing personalized microbiota-based therapies to manage the complex pathophysiology of obesity-related disorders effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 200313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}