欧米伽 n-6/n-3 比率对心血管疾病和营养干预的影响

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Maral Bishehkolaei , Yashwant Pathak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

世界卫生组织(WHO)指出,心血管疾病(CVD)是全球第一大死因。根据美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)的数据,2022 年,每 10 个中风患者中就有近 8 人有高血压病史,60% 以上的糖尿病患者有高血压、高甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白(LDL,坏胆固醇)。高低密度脂蛋白和糖尿病都会使心血管疾病的发病率增加一倍,而超重和肥胖的成年人出现前述所有风险因素的概率更高。n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的比例对代谢紊乱的发展至关重要,而代谢紊乱会增加心血管疾病的风险。详细阐述 n-6 和 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸在人体内的运作和转化为必需脂肪酸的机制,可以让我们清楚地了解这两种脂肪酸最佳比例的意义。根据研究,人体摄入的 n-6/n-3 的比例为 5:1,就能保持最佳健康状态;然而,目前西方饮食中 n-6/n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入比例为 20:1。随着 n-6 PUFA 摄入量的增加,我们注意到,通过激活炎症途径,代谢综合征的发病率呈上升趋势。欧米伽 6 和欧米伽 3 会竞争同一个酶结合位点,根据哪一个被结合,所产生的必需脂肪酸就会发出一连串促炎或抗炎因子的信号。本综述讨论了 n-6/n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 的比例在预防、发展和恶化心血管疾病中的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of omega n-6/n-3 ratio on cardiovascular disease and nutritional interventions

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death globally. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2022, nearly 8 in 10 individuals who suffered from a stroke showed a history of hypertension, and over 60 % of those with Diabetes have hypertension with high triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL, bad cholesterol). Both high LDL and Diabetes double the threat of CVD incidence, with the probability of all the previous risk factors being higher in adults who are overweight and obese. The n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio is critical to developing metabolic disorders that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The elaboration of the mechanisms by which n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids operate and convert to the essential fatty acids in the body will allow us to clearly understand the significance of the optimum ratio of the two. According to research, the human body can maintain optimum health with an intake ratio of n-6/n-3 of 5:1; however, the current ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA intake is 20:1 in the Western diet. As the intake of n-6 PUFA heavy diet increases, we notice an incline in the incidence rate of metabolic syndromes through activating the inflammatory pathways. Omega 6 and omega 3 compete for the same enzyme binding site, and depending on which is bound, the resulting essential fatty acid signals a cascade of pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory factors. This review discusses the importance of the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio in preventing, developing, and progressing cardiovascular disease.

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来源期刊
Human Nutrition and Metabolism
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
30
审稿时长
188 days
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