British and Irish Orthoptic Journal最新文献

{"title":"Which Stereotest do You Use? A Survey Research Study in the British Isles, the United States and Canada.","authors":"Kathleen Vancleef,&nbsp;Jenny C A Read","doi":"10.22599/bioj.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A wide range of stereotests are available to measure stereopsis. Because each test has its own advantages and disadvantages, opinions differ on which is the preferred test to use in clinical practice. We conducted surveys comparing the use of stereotests in the British Isles and in the United States and Canada. Two online surveys were developed following consultation with eye care professionals, one for each geographical area. Both surveys included two questions on the frequency of use of different stereotests, two questions on best practice stereotests, and two questions on the usefulness of stereotests. Researchers made distinctions between appointments with children below or above 6 years old for respondents from the British Isles and below or above 5 years old for respondents from the Unites Stated and Canada. The surveys were distributed through professional organisations. We found Frisby to be the most used stereotest on the British Isles for both age groups. In the US and Canada, Titmus and Randot stereotest are more frequently used. Respondents consider these tests as the best practice stereotests. Eye care professionals agree stereotests are useful in the diagnosis and treatment decision making and even more so in obtaining an accurate measure of stereoacuity, especially with older children.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"15-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38541449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Diplopia on Reading.","authors":"Beckie Lijka,&nbsp;Sonia Toor,&nbsp;Gemma Arblaster","doi":"10.22599/bioj.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the effect of induced vertical diplopia (small and large separation) on reading speed and accuracy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Radner Reading Chart (RRC) was used to measure reading speed (correct words per minute (wpm)) and accuracy (percentage). Accuracy was measured using two different methods: 'accuracy-omission' where only the omission of a word reduced the score, and 'accuracy-addition and omission' where any error reduced the score. Three viewing conditions were created using Fresnel prisms on plano glasses: a control condition without diplopia (6 prism dioptres (Δ) base up (BU) over each eye), small separation vertical diplopia (3Δ BU right eye and 3Δ base down (BD) left eye) and large separation vertical diplopia (6Δ BU right eye and 6Δ BD left eye). Viewing conditions were counterbalanced to minimise order effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four participants were included with a mean age of 20.1 years. The mean reading speed in the control condition was 156.90 wpm. Both diplopic conditions significantly reduced the reading speed compared to the control condition, small separation diplopia to 62.75 wpm (p < 0.001) and large separation diplopia to 105.71 wpm (p < 0.001). The mean reading speed with small separation diplopia was significantly slower than the mean reading speed with large separation diplopia (p < 0.01). Median accuracy scores in the control and the large separation diplopia conditions were 100% using both methods of measuring accuracy. The small separation diplopia condition significantly reduced accuracy to 92.86% (accuracy-omission method) and to 57.50% (accuracy-addition and omission method) compared to the control condition (p < 0.01) and the large separation diplopia condition (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When vertical diplopia was induced using Fresnel prisms, diplopia of smaller separation resulted in the greatest reduction in reading speed and accuracy, compared to without diplopia and large separation diplopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38541448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmologists on Smartphones: Image-Based Teleconsultation.","authors":"Amit Mohan,&nbsp;Navjot Kaur,&nbsp;Vinod Sharma,&nbsp;Pradhnya Sen,&nbsp;Elesh Jain,&nbsp;Manju Gajraj","doi":"10.22599/bioj.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Teleophthalmology has the potential to facilitate wider access to expert advice. It includes viewing of ophthalmic images by experts either on handheld devices like smartphones/tablets or office devices such as computer screens. However, to ensure rapid feedback, the turnaround time of any consultation must be kept to a minimum which requires use of handheld user-friendly devices. The purpose of this study was to assess whether images of different eye ailments viewed on smartphones and tablets are of comparable subjective quality as those viewed on a computer screen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective study comparing the subjective quality of images on a smartphone, tablet and computer screen. Thirty images were analysed - 10 of extraocular morphology, 10 of the anterior segment pathology and 10 of retinal diseases. Ten ophthalmologists participated and were instructed to rate the overall quality of each image on a 7-point Likert scale (terrible-1, poor-2, average-3, fair-4, good-5, very good-6, excellent-7).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall smartphones were found to have higher ratings of subjective image quality (5.9 ± 0.48) than images displayed on tablets (5.13 ± 0.51) and computers (5.0 ± 0.37). The images were rated 'good' or 'very good' in all (100%) of the smartphone images. Fundus images and extraocular images were rated higher than anterior segment images on the smartphone. When comparing the two handheld devices with computers, both smartphones and tablets had similar image quality (p > 0.05, not significant) to computer images. However, for extraocular diseases, smartphone (6.1 ± 0.32) had significantly better image quality and images were easier to interpret compared to images on the computer (p < 0.05).Smartphones were rated 'very good' in 88.33% cases. All consultants (n = 10) were comfortable with the use of smartphone images and were already using it for teleconsultation at least three times in a month. Vision technicians reported minimum delay in getting advice when sending the images on mobile application to expert ophthalmologists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smartphones can be used for teleconsultation. Subjective qualities of ophthalmic images on a smartphone are similar to those on tablets and computers. For rural communities that rely on teleconsultation, this small study provides useful evidence which may support the use of smartphones, tablets or computers for viewing ophthalmic images.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38541447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: The Need for a Unified Protocol for Termination of Amblyopia Treatment.","authors":"Mahmoud M Nassar,&nbsp;Fiona Campbell Mitchell","doi":"10.22599/bioj.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.22599/bioj.109.].</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38442029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural Patterns of the Subjects with Vergence Disorders: Impact of Orthoptic Re-education, a Pilot Study.","authors":"Gwenaelle Delfosse,&nbsp;Dominique Brémond-Gignac,&nbsp;Zoï Kapoula","doi":"10.22599/bioj.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Vergence insufficiency is a common oculomotor disorder which causes visual but also general, and even postural symptoms. This study aimed to characterise postural control of subjects with isolated vergence disorder and assess whether orthoptic therapy affects it.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Vergence disorders were evaluated and treated by orthoptists. Postural control quality was measured before and after orthoptic therapy in different conditions to study the role of vision, fixating distance, binocular vision and ocular dominance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before orthoptic therapy, we recorded less body sway when subjects had their eyes closed than when they had their eyes open, and also less sway for the binocular condition when compared with monocular viewing conditions. This is opposite to well-known normal behaviour. Moreover, no distance or ocular dominance effect was found. After orthoptic therapy, our subject's body sway was less when they had their eyes open than with their eyes closed and less when they looked at near fixation. No difference was found between monocular and binocular viewing conditions, but a small advantage of ocular dominance was found for one parameter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that subjects with vergence disorders show postural behaviour that is not characterized by the normal regularities observed in healthy subjects. Orthoptic re-education may have contributed to promoting such regularities. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"64-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38541446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study of Orthoptic Students' and Teaching Experience with the Introduction of Technology Promoting a Blended Learning Environment: <i>Experiences with technology in a blended learning environment</i>.","authors":"Carla Lança,&nbsp;Anne Bjerre","doi":"10.22599/bioj.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evaluation of the students' experience and academic achievements following the introduction of online learning.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>In 2011, online learning activities were introduced in the teaching of the Research in Orthoptics module for final year undergraduate orthoptic students. The online learning activities were created and delivered in Moodle; an open-source online learning platform. Students from the academic year groups of 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2016-17 completed an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into 6 categories (relevance, reflection, interactivity, tutor support, peer support and interpretation) with 4 questions within each category. A 5-point Likert scale was used to score each question. The sum of answers within each category ranged from 4 (negative perception) to 20 (positive perception). Student performance was assessed using the marks retrospectively for 2 years before online learning was introduced and when online learning was included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two students replied to the questionnaire with a mean age of 23.0 ± 2.3 years (range 21-32). There were 38 females (90.5%) and 4 males (9.5%). Combining the 3 academic cohorts there was a significant difference between the 6 categories of the questionnaire (p < 0.0001). Three categories obtained the same high median score of 16: relevance (range 9-20), reflection (range 11-20) and tutor support (range 12-20). Peer support resulted in the lowest median score of 13. Separation of the three academic year cohorts' revealed significant differences for tutor support (p = 0.03). The score increased from 16 in 2012-13 and 2013-14 to 18 in 2016-17. Significant differences were found between the marks for the cohorts from 2009-10 to 2016-17 (F_7,245 = 5.07: p < 0.0001). The mean mark for year group 2009-2010 was significantly less compared to 2012-13 (p < 0.0001), 2014-15 (p = 0.01) and 2015-16 (p = 0.02) and year group 2011-12's mark significantly less than 2012/13 (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Including online learning in the research module had a positive impact on the student experience, although more work needs to be done to improve peer support. Marks obtained by the orthoptic students have improved since the introduction of online learning suggesting that a mixture of teaching and learning methods is beneficial for students. However, more work needs to be done to provide teacher assistance in the design of online learning and blended learning approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"56-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38541445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Interesting Case of Pupillary Changes During the Testing of Ocular Movements and its Influence on the Diagnosis?","authors":"Sonia Breton","doi":"10.22599/bioj.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe an unusual case presentation of a decompensating exotropia with an incidental pupil anomaly highlighting the importance of observing pupils during the assessment of ocular movements. A case whose signs included an exotropia and an enlarged tonic pupil which were initially mistaken for an atypical case of Oculomotor nerve palsy, triggering immediate imaging investigations. We discuss how understandable it would be for experienced clinicians to arrive at this case's misdiagnosis and how it could have been avoided thereby helping to preserve where possible costly resources of neuro imaging and inpatient stays.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A 71 year old man who was seen as a tertiary referral case by the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham's (QEHB's) neuro-ophthalmology service, where a second opinion for the patient was sought from a neurology team from another hospital. He was seen by the orthoptist and neuro-ophthalmologist consultant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On presentation at QEHB visual acuity measured 6/9 Snellens in each eye with varifocals, improving to 6/6 with pinhole testing, the fundi and optic discs were normal. Anisocoria was noted with the left pupil being larger than the right pupil. Orthoptic assessment revealed a small angle left exotropia on cover test, increasing in size on alternate cover test with a blink type recovery to its original angle. An orthoptic diagnosis of a decompensating left microexotropia with identity was given. In the left eye there was a slight mechanical restriction in adduction, underacting superior rectus and a larger underacting inferior rectus with an \"A\" type alphabet pattern with symptoms of horizontal diplopia on all right gaze positions. There was no evidence of ptosis, convergence was intact and saccades were fast and appeared of a normal velocity. The anisocoria appeared more obvious when the patient looked to right gaze where his left pupil seemed to enlarge further. Assessment of the pupillary function led to the patient being diagnosed as having bilateral asymmetrical Adies (tonic) pupils.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of not only carrying out a detailed pupil reaction assessment but also the necessity of observing the pupils during the assessment of ocular movements. This case highlights how anisocoria can mislead a clinician's attention to believing that only one particular pupil is abnormal where as it could be both. Also it highlights that the classic combination of symptoms and observations of diplopia, exotropia, longstanding incomitance and anisocoria in terms of a dilated pupil may not necessarily be an Oculomotor cranial nerve palsy and requiring the patient to undergo imaging investigations on an urgent basis may be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"50-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38443912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of Oscillopsia in Virtual Reality.","authors":"David Randall,&nbsp;Helen Griffiths,&nbsp;Gemma Arblaster,&nbsp;Anne Bjerre,&nbsp;John Fenner","doi":"10.22599/bioj.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Nystagmus is characterised by involuntary eye movement. A proportion of those with nystagmus experience the world constantly in motion as their eyes move: a symptom known as oscillopsia. Individuals with oscillopsia can be incapacitated and often feel neglected due to limited treatment options. Effective communication of the condition is challenging and no tools to aid communication exist. This paper describes a virtual reality (VR) application that recreates the effects of oscillopsia, enabling others to appreciate the condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eye tracking data was incorporated into a VR oscillopsia simulator and released as a smartphone app - \"Nystagmus Oscillopsia Sim VR\". When a smartphone is used in conjunction with a Google Cardboard headset, it presents an erratic image consistent with oscillopsia. The oscillopsia simulation was appraised by six participants for its representativeness. These individuals have nystagmus and had previously experienced oscillopsia but were not currently symptomatic; they were therefore uniquely placed to judge the app. The participants filled in a questionnaire to record impressions and the usefulness of the app.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The published app has been downloaded ~3700 times (28/02/2018) and received positive feedback from the nystagmus community. The validation study questionnaire scored the accuracy of the simulation an average of 7.8/10 while its ability to aid communication received 9.2/10.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evidence indicates that the simulation can effectively recreate the sensation of oscillopsia and facilitate effective communication of the symptoms associated with the condition. This has implications for communication of other visual conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38443910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Childhood Eye Disorders on Social Relationships during School Years and Psychological Functioning as Young Adults.","authors":"Carol Y Buckley,&nbsp;Jason C Whittle,&nbsp;Lily Verity,&nbsp;Pamela Qualter,&nbsp;Judith M Burn","doi":"10.22599/bioj.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine (1) whether having a visible eye condition and/or treatment with glasses and/or occlusion in childhood has any impact on psychological and/or social outcomes during childhood and young adulthood and (2) whether there is an effect of age at treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 160 participants was asked to take part in an online study. The cohort had previously taken part in a research study at Royal Preston Hospital from 1999-2006 when they were 3-8 years old (Buckley and Perkins 2010). Participants were divided into treatment and no-defect (control) groups and were invited to take part in the current study when they had reached age 18-21. Thirty-five (35) participants (22.5% of the total cohort) were recruited and completed a series of online questionnaires assessing recalled victimisation at school, current generalised anxiety, current depressive symptoms, current loneliness, current friendship quality, and adjustment to university/work. Questionnaire scores between treated patients and controls were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings showed that young adults who received treatment during their pre-school years, compared to their peers who did not need treatment, reported higher current generalised anxiety and more victimisation when in school.Those who received treatment in reception class were no different on psycho-social functioning compared to their peers; with both groups reporting higher victimisation than average compared to previous studies, and mild rates of anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It appears that having a visible eye condition or treatment with glasses and/or occlusion commencing at pre-school has long term psychological implications, with scores on victimisation and current anxiety levels being higher for the pre-school treatment group compared to the pre-school no defect (control) group. Treatment plans and advice to parents should consider psycho-social outcomes of proposed treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38443911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Provision of Patient Information about Nystagmus.","authors":"Anne Bjerre,&nbsp;Gemma E Arblaster,&nbsp;Arthur Nye,&nbsp;Helen J Griffiths","doi":"10.22599/bioj.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aims of this study were to evaluate the current provision of patient information about nystagmus in orthoptic clinics in the UK and Ireland and to develop a standardised information pack about nystagmus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was circulated to orthoptists in the UK and Ireland asking whether they had information to provide to patients with nystagmus, what was included in this information and how it could be improved. Orthoptists were also asked what should be included in a standardised information pack about nystagmus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and thirty three orthoptists completed the questionnaire. One-third of responding orthoptists did not have information to provide to patients with nystagmus. Most reported the information available to them included details of support services and physical symptoms. Including information about living with nystagmus at different ages and long-term prognosis were the most common suggestions to improve information about nystagmus. More than half of orthoptists selected all the suggested topics to be included in a standardised information pack, with support services and long-term prognosis most frequently selected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only 67% of responding orthoptists had information about nystagmus to give to patients or their families. Ways to improve the current information and content considered important by orthoptists were taken into account to create a nystagmus information pack, which is now available online.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38443908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}