环境科学最新文献

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Water Quality of the Dahei River in the Yellow River Basin].","authors":"Chang Yue, Rui-Zhong Gao, Li-Min Duan, Hui Tong, Long-Mei Xie, Li-Jing Fang, Ke-Ling Wang, Bing Sun","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an important ecological security barrier and an economic core belt for population activities, the Yellow River Basin plays an important role in China's social development and ecological security. To investigate the spatial and temporal changes in the water environmental quality of typical tributaries in the basin and the factors affecting them, this study was based on 12 aspects of water environmental data and month-by-month rainfall and runoff data from 21 monitoring stations in the Dahei River Basin from 2013 to 2022. The entropy-weighted water quality index （EWQI）, stepwise multiple linear regression, hierarchical cluster analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to comprehensively assess the changes in the water quality of the basin and to investigate the factors controlling the water quality. The results showed that： ① The water quality of Dahei River Basin reached the standard of surface water class V and above； the water quality in hilly and mountainous areas was the best； and the overall water quality improved during the study period. ② The water quality in hilly and mountainous areas was better than that in plain areas and built-up areas of cities and towns, and the main controlling factors affecting the water quality after optimization of the indicators in the EWQI model were TN, BOD₅, TP, NH₄⁺-N, and permanganate index, with a coefficient of determination of 0.952. ③ On a spatial scale, the monitoring stations in the Dahei River Basin could be clustered into three categories. The water quality of the S2 station in the L1 category deteriorated after rainfall, whereas water quality improved after rainfall at site S14 in the L2 category and at site S21 in the L3 category, and water quality deteriorated overall at all three categories of sites in the winter. ④ The EWQI of the basin had a positive correlation with runoff and a non-significant correlation with rainfall； the main characteristic pollutants were nutrient salts and organic matter. By revealing the spatial and temporal variations of water quality in typical tributaries of the Yellow River Basin and its response relationship to non-point source pollution triggered by rainfall and runoff events, this study can provide scientific references for the control and management of water quality attainment in typical tributaries of the Yellow River.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"774-785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial Effect of the New-type Urbanization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and Its Surrounding Areas on the Carbon Emission Intensity].","authors":"Jian Li, Qing-Qing Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and its surrounding areas are one of the key areas for air pollution prevention and control in China, testing the impact of air quality on the relationship between new-type urbanization and carbon emission intensity is related to the sustainable development of the region. Based on the panel data of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and the surrounding \"2+26\" cities from 2009 to 2021, the nesting weight matrix of air quality distance was constructed, and the internal relationship was tested with the help of the spatial Dubin model and the threshold effect model. The research results showed that： ① The new-type urbanization in this region had a strong inhibitory effect on carbon emission intensity. ② The new-type urbanization development had a significant positive space spillover effect on the carbon emission intensity in the adjacent areas. The air quality distance was the main factor affecting space overflow, but the influence degree was less than the adjacent distance. ③ The inhibitory effect of the new urbanization on carbon emission intensity and air quality was the threshold variable. Based on this, suggestions were put forward to promote the coordinated development of new-type urbanization and carbon emission reduction, strengthen cross-regional coordination of cities, and strengthen the management of air quality standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"625-635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Microbial Community Structure Analysis of Activated Sludge in Chinese Biological Sewage Wastewater Treatment Processes].","authors":"Yu-Xin Guo, Rong Qi, Shu-Min Xiao, Dian-Cheng Dou, Gao-Xin Su, Jia Gao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a widely investigated issue in sewage treatment, the efficient and stable removal of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other pollutants is the ultimate goal of biological wastewater treatment process control and optimization. A microbial community with reasonable composition and distribution and a dynamic response to changes in important control parameters is the key to achieving this goal. After sampling 19 typical sewage treatment processes in six large cities in China during summer and winter, the results of MiSeq high-throughput sequencing and the Microbial Database for Activated Sludge（MiDAS）comparison and classification showed that the core communities in Chinese sewage treatment processes were significantly similar： 29 genera could be observed in all 38 samples, while 1 901 genera were found in 1 or a few （<i>n</i>&lt;10） processes； the abundance of high-frequency genera was high, whereas the abundance of low-frequency genera was relatively low, with 286 genera, numbering only 10% of all species, accounting for up to 80% of the total cumulative abundance. Among the dominant genera in the core community, the carbon removal populations were mainly dominated by anaerobic fermentation and aerobic/anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria, such as <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Lysinbacillus</i>, which have strong survivability in various environments； the anaerobic fermenters <i>Intestinibacter</i> and <i>Thermomonas</i>, which are characterized by the function of substrate fermentation and parthenogenetic anaerobic fermenters <i>Entercoccus</i>； aerobic/anaerobic heterotrophic <i>Ferruginibacter</i>, <i>IMCC26207</i>, and <i>Hyphomicrobium</i>； <i>Rhodoplanes</i>, <i>Ottowia</i>, and <i>Iamia</i> with a denitrification function； <i>Paracoccus</i> with suspected denitrification function； and other functional genera. The abundance of these most dominant genera could be altered to a certain extent by process form, changes in influent quality, and seasonal temperature variations. The nitrifying genera were mainly composed of <i>Nitrosomonas</i> and <i>Nitrospira</i>； <i>Rhodobacter</i> and <i>Paracoccus</i> were the main dominant denitrifying functional genera in the processes； <i>Tetrasphaera</i> was widely distributed in the processes as a dominant polyphosphate-accumulating genus； the polyglucogenic-accumulating genera were dominated by <i>Candidatus</i>_<i>Competibacter</i> and <i>Defluviicoccus</i>； and the dominant genera of filamentous bacteria were <i>Candidatus_Microthrix</i>, <i>Candidatus_Promineofilum</i>, and <i>Trichococcus</i>. Although the geographic distance between the sampled processes in China was more than 1 000 km and the operational parameters were not the same, especially with Denmark being located on a different continent, it was again verified that the core community was widely present in the activated sludge of the sewage treatment process and had similar composition and ecological functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"934-943"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Review of Methods and Risk Assessment of Microplastics from Food Sources].","authors":"Ye-Ran Bai, Jia-Jia Zhang, Run-Hao Bai, Qi Liu, Wen-Qing He, Wen-Bo Bai, Yan-Hua Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics are becoming an emerging environmental pollutant of great concern. Microplastics present in large quantities in the environment can accumulate in the human food system, thus threatening human health. Characterizing microplastic contamination in food is important for scientifically assessing the risk of human intake. Based on the current published literature, this study analyzed the exposure pathways of human dietary exposure to microplastics in terms of food raw materials, processing, and packaging. Moreover, it further summarized the research methods for food microplastics, which mainly included density flotation, membrane technology, and electrokinetic separation technology series of detection methods and visual analysis, spectroscopy, chromatography, and laser infrared imaging series of identification methods. Finally, the estimated daily intake of microplastics through food exposure was calculated, and the potential hazards of microplastics to humans were discussed, it is proposed that future research needs to be conducted systematically in the directions of analysis and detection, source tracing, and toxicological studies to provide theoretical references for the comprehensive prevention and control of microplastics and the assessment of human health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1155-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preparation of Iron-based Lime-reinforced Passivation Material and Its Passivation Effect on Sb].","authors":"Jia-Hao Shi, Qiong-Li Bao, Yu-Tan Chu, Hong-Yu Sun, Yi-Zong Huang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a solidified material, iron salt has a good effect on the remediation of soil antimony （Sb） pollution, but its improper use will cause soil acidification and reduce the remediation effect. The ferric sulfate cornerstone ash-reinforced passivation material （FS） and the polyferric sulfate cornerstone ash-reinforced passivation material （PFS） were prepared by using ferric sulfate, polyferric sulfate, and quicklime as raw materials. The morphology and characteristics of the materials were analyzed using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. The adsorption mechanism and remediation effect of the two materials on soil Sb were studied by an adsorption experiment and a soil culture experiment. The results showed that FS and PFS were mainly composed of iron and calcium oxides and hydroxides, which contained hydroxyl, carbonyl, and other functional groups. The Freundlich model fitted the isothermal adsorption data well, indicating that the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by both materials was multilayer adsorption. The adsorption capacity of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS increased with the increase in materials added. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the adsorption kinetics of FS and PFS well. Among the coexisting ions, PO₄^3- had the greatest effect on the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS, and the presence of a high concentration of （0.1 mol·L^-1） PO₄^3- significantly inhibited the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS. In the presence of low concentrations （0.01 mol·L^-1 and 0.001 mol·L^-1） of PO₄^3-, the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS was promoted. The addition of FS and PFS could reduce the total Sb （T） and trivalent Sb （Ⅲ） contents of extractable citric acid in the soil. The soil culture experiment showed that adding 5% FS and PFS could reduce the exchangeable Sb content in heavily polluted soil by 66.39% and 72.88%, respectively, and reduce the exchangeable Sb content in mildly polluted soil by 56.04% and 56.86%, respectively. Soil pH and electrical conductivity （EC） increased significantly with the increase in material addition. In conclusion, FS and PFS had efficient adsorption properties for both aqueous solution and soil Sb, and application in acidic soil could significantly improve soil pH, indicating that both materials could effectively passivate soil Sb and alleviate soil acidification and have great potential in passivating remediation of Sb-polluted soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1118-1129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Ozone Formation Sensitivity and Its Influencing Factors in Chengdu-Chongqing Area].","authors":"Wen Xu, Hao Yang, Min He, Zhen Yang, Yang Zhang, Zhi-Hong Liu, Yu-Ming He","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To study the characteristics of ozone formation sensitivity changes in the Chengdu-Chongqing area, the summer ozone formation sensitivity （OFS） was analyzed using satellite observation of the OMI tropospheric column concentration of HCHO and NO₂. Additionally, the effects of meteorological factors, source emissions, and their interactions on OFS were identified with the geodetic detector. The results showed that the summer OFS zoning in the Chengdu-Chongqing area was dominated by a transitional regime, with an area share of 42.42%. Less VOCs-limited regime was observed, which was mainly distributed in the urban areas of Chengdu City and Chongqing Municipality, with an area share of 16.37%. The NO<i>_x</i>-limited regime was mainly located in Ya'an City, Leshan City, Yibin City, Luzhou City, and the eastern part of Chongqing Municipality, with an area share of 41.21%. The area of the VOCs-limited regime gradually decreased from June to August and reached the lowest value in August, accounting for only 3.53%, and the area of the VOCs-limited regime increased significantly in September. Pollutant emissions （CO, PM_2.5, NMVOC, and NO<i>_x</i>） were the main factors affecting summer OFS in the Chengdu-Chongqing area. With the increase in emissions, the FNR gradually decreased, and the OFS tended to be the VOCs-limited regime. SP, T2, and TCW were the three main meteorological factors that affected the change in summer OFS in the Chengdu-Chongqing area. All three factors were negatively correlated with FNR； the larger the values of SP, T2, and TCW, the more easily OFS changed to a VOCs-limited regime. Interactions between factors exacerbated OFS changes and were the main drivers of spatial and temporal variations for summer OFS in the Chengdu-Chongqing area.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"736-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Carbon and Nitrogen Footprint in Wheat and Maize Production Systems in Henan Province].","authors":"Gui-Xiang Wen, Jin-Zhe Yao, Qing Han, Ge-Zi Li, Zhi-Yong Wang, Cong-Guang Zhang, Lan-Tao Li, Shi-Liang Liu, Yi-Lun Wang, Xiao-Lei Jie, Hai-Tao Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the main producing area of wheat and maize in China, Henan Province produces considerable greenhouse gases during the production and planting processes. Determining the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen footprint changes during the growth process and analyzing the key driving factors will provide a basis for the green production of wheat and maize. Based on the life cycle assessment and LMDI model, the spatio-temporal characteristics, composition change trends, and driving factors of the carbon and nitrogen footprint during wheat and maize production in Henan Province from 2011 to 2020 were systematically evaluated. The results showed that： ① The production cost of wheat was higher than that of maize. ② The carbon footprint per unit area （ CO₂-eq ） of wheat and maize in Henan Province was 1.98 t·hm^-2 and 1.76 t·hm^-2, and the nitrogen footprint per unit area （N-eq ） was 48.28 kg·hm^-2 and 28.37 kg·hm^-2, respectively. The carbon footprint of wheat and maize in Henan Province showed a fluctuating upward trend, and the nitrogen footprint showed a decreasing trend year by year. ③ Irrigation emissions and NH₃ volatilization were the main components of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat and maize, accounting for 28.64 % and 81.27 % of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat and 35.28 % and 82.21 % of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of maize, respectively. ④ The carbon and nitrogen footprints of different cities in Henan Province were different, showing a higher trend in the southeast and a lower trend in the northwest. ⑤ The results of the LMDI model analysis showed that economic factors increased carbon and nitrogen emissions during wheat and maize production, whereas labor and production factors reduced carbon and nitrogen emissions. In summary, to reduce the carbon and nitrogen emissions of agricultural production in Henan Province, we should reduce labor and production costs, develop fertilizer-saving and water-saving technologies, strengthen agricultural science and technology innovation capabilities, and combine policies and economic incentives to promote the development of green and low-carbon agriculture and finally achieve carbon neutrality.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1002-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Change Patterns and Driving Factors of Phytoplankton Communities in Typical Lakes in the Eastern Lake Region].","authors":"Jie Liu, Jian-Ming Deng, Yong-Jiu Cai, Zhi-Jun Gong, Xiang-Ming Tang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Eastern Lake Region is the most eutrophic in China and is most affected by human activities. In recent years, phytoplankton have proliferated in most lakes in the lake region, with the frequent occurrence of water blooms, and the driving mechanisms and spatial differences for long-term changes in the phytoplankton community of lakes at the regional scale remain unclear. Among them, Lake Taihu, Lake Hongze, and Lake Luoma are located in the Yangtze River Economic Zone and have important ecological functions such as storage, drinking water, and irrigation. They are greatly affected by human activities and are typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region. We used hydro-meteorological data, physical and chemical index data, and phytoplankton biomass data from 2016 to 2021 to study the phytoplankton community changes in typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region based on redundancy analysis and combined hierarchical partitioning and variance decomposition to identify the main drivers of phytoplankton community changes. The results showed that the long-term trends of climate background were generally consistent among typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region, but their nutrients, phytoplankton community, and environmental driving factors were different. The dominant phytoplankton phyla and genera in Lake Taihu, Lake Hongze, and Lake Luoma were significantly different. The lake characteristic, mainly characterized by water depth, was the main driving factor that led to spatial differences in phytoplankton communities among typical lakes in different seasons. The explanatory rates of water depth in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 46.32%, 30.79%, 26.92%, and 35.80%, respectively. However, the secondary driving factors had seasonal differences. Among them, in spring, the secondary driving factors were conductivity （13.48%） and total nitrogen （12.74%）. In summer, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （19.02%） and conductivity （14.71%）. In autumn, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （19.43%） and dissolved total nitrogen （15.86%）. In winter, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （23.53%） and the daily minimum temperature （14.91%）. Quantifying the contribution of different drivers was important for future lake eutrophication management and policy formulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"877-888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Microbial Community Structure and Functional Genes of Phosphorus Cycling in Cotton Field Soil Under Long-term Saline Drip Irrigation].","authors":"Yang Ye, Xiao-Wen Guo, Mao-Qi Yang, Wei Min, Hui-Juan Guo","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater resources are scarce in arid regions, and the rational use of brackish water resources can alleviate local freshwater shortages, but long-term brackish drip irrigation increases the risk of soil salinization, which in turn affects soil nutrient transformation and microbial diversity. Soil phosphorus availability is critical for crop growth, yet it is unclear how long-term brackish drip irrigation will affect soil phosphorus transformation. Therefore, to investigate the effects of long-term brackish drip irrigation on soil phosphorus-transforming microorganisms and their functional genes in cotton fields, the experiment was set up with two irrigation water salinities, freshwater （0.35 dS·m^-1, FW） and brackish water （8.04 dS·m^-1, SW）. The results showed that long-term brackish drip irrigation significantly decreased cotton dry matter weight, phosphorus uptake, yield, soil pH, and Ca₂-P and Ca₁₀-P contents but significantly increased cotton phosphorus content and soil water content； electrical conductivity； quick phosphorus； and Ca₈-P, Al-P, Fe-P, and O-P contents. The dominant species in each treatment at the phylum level were Ascomycetes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacillus, and Greenscapes； and at the phylum level, the dominant species were <i>α</i>-Ascomycetes, Actinobacteria, <i>β</i>-Ascomycetes, Oleococcus thermophilus, and <i>γ</i>-Ascomycetes. including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Chloroflexi. Select dominant species at the class level included Alphaproteobacteria, Actinomycetia, Betaproteobacteria, Thermoleophilia, and Gammaproteobacteria. Long-term saline drip irrigation significantly reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Nitrospirae but significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes and significantly reduced the expression levels of the organic phosphorus mineralization gene <i>phnA</i>, transport gene <i>pit</i>, and polyphosphate synthesis gene <i>ppaC</i>. Moreover, it significantly increased the expression levels of the polyphosphate degradation gene <i>HDDC3</i>； organic phosphorus mineralization genes <i>phnG</i>, <i>phoA</i>, <i>phnH</i>, <i>phnL</i>, <i>phnM</i>, <i>phnN</i>, <i>phnP</i>, and <i>phnW</i>； transport genes <i>phnK</i>, <i>phnE</i>, <i>phnC</i>, and <i>phnD</i>； and the regulatory gene <i>phoB</i>. Correlation analysis showed that soil phosphorus-cycling microorganisms and functional genes were closely related to soil physicochemical properties and soil inorganic phosphorus content. Therefore, long-term saline drip irrigation changes the composition of soil phosphorus-cycling microorganisms by affecting soil physical and chemical properties and inorganic phosphorus content, which in turn drives the expression of phosphorus-cycling-related functional genes to regulate and adapt to salt stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1225-1235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Occurrence and Ecological Risk of Ultraviolet Absorbents in Water from the Guangzhou Reach of the Pearl River].","authors":"Ze-Wei Xu, Hui-Zhen Li, Jing You","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultraviolet absorbents （UVAs） are common additives in personal care and industrial products. Due to their pseudo-persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity, environmental pollution and the risks associated with UVAs have raised widespread concern. However, current understanding of the pollution characteristics and ecological risks of UVAs in urban aquatic environments is still limited. To investigate the occurrence, composition, and spatial distribution characteristics of UVAs in the aquatic environment, eight UVAs in 40 paired water and suspended particulate matter （SPM） samples in the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River were analyzed, and their potential aquatic ecological risks were further assessed using risk quotients. The results showed that UVAs were widely detected in the aqueous and SPM phases of the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River, with total concentrations （∑₈UVA, range and mean ± standard deviation，ng·L^-1) of 6.52-85.8 （2.80 ± 6.34） and 5.69-461 （6.57 ± 34.1）, respectively. The concentrations of individual UVAs in the aqueous phase accounted for 16% to 99% of the sum concentrations in the aqueous and SPM phases. Specifically, two UVAs （2-ethylhexyl 4-（dimethylamino）benzoate （ODPABA） and 2-（2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl）benzotriazole （UV-P）） were almost exclusively （97% and 99% on average, respectively） distributed in the aqueous phase, one UVA （2-（2H-benzotriazol-2-yl）-4-（1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl）phenol （UV-329）） was mostly （84% on average） distributed in the SPM, and the remaining UVAs were similarly distributed to the aqueous and SPM phases, with concentrations in the aqueous phase accounting for 42%-74% of the sum concentrations in both phases. Concentrations of UVAs in the downstream were generally higher than those in the upstream. Compared with that in other regions, the pollution of UVAs in the waterbodies from the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River was at a moderate to high level. UVAs were detected at higher concentrations in waterbodies near recreational sites, industrial areas, and wastewater treatment plants. The personal care additive 2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester （OCR） was the most dominant component in the aqueous and SPM phases, with detection frequencies of 98% and 100%, respectively, and its concentrations accounting for 50% and 60% of the sum concentrations in both phases, respectively. The risk quotients of individual UVAs in the aqueous phase from the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River ranged from &lt;0.1 to 1.08, indicating low to moderate risk. Three UVAs, i.e., ODPABA, OCR, and 2-（2H-benzotriazol-2-yl）-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol （UV-328）, were the potential chemicals at risk. Moreover, it is urgent to pay attention to their long-term risk to aquatic organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"786-795"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}