环境科学最新文献

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Water Quality of the Dahei River in the Yellow River Basin].","authors":"Chang Yue, Rui-Zhong Gao, Li-Min Duan, Hui Tong, Long-Mei Xie, Li-Jing Fang, Ke-Ling Wang, Bing Sun","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an important ecological security barrier and an economic core belt for population activities, the Yellow River Basin plays an important role in China's social development and ecological security. To investigate the spatial and temporal changes in the water environmental quality of typical tributaries in the basin and the factors affecting them, this study was based on 12 aspects of water environmental data and month-by-month rainfall and runoff data from 21 monitoring stations in the Dahei River Basin from 2013 to 2022. The entropy-weighted water quality index （EWQI）, stepwise multiple linear regression, hierarchical cluster analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to comprehensively assess the changes in the water quality of the basin and to investigate the factors controlling the water quality. The results showed that： ① The water quality of Dahei River Basin reached the standard of surface water class V and above； the water quality in hilly and mountainous areas was the best； and the overall water quality improved during the study period. ② The water quality in hilly and mountainous areas was better than that in plain areas and built-up areas of cities and towns, and the main controlling factors affecting the water quality after optimization of the indicators in the EWQI model were TN, BOD₅, TP, NH₄⁺-N, and permanganate index, with a coefficient of determination of 0.952. ③ On a spatial scale, the monitoring stations in the Dahei River Basin could be clustered into three categories. The water quality of the S2 station in the L1 category deteriorated after rainfall, whereas water quality improved after rainfall at site S14 in the L2 category and at site S21 in the L3 category, and water quality deteriorated overall at all three categories of sites in the winter. ④ The EWQI of the basin had a positive correlation with runoff and a non-significant correlation with rainfall； the main characteristic pollutants were nutrient salts and organic matter. By revealing the spatial and temporal variations of water quality in typical tributaries of the Yellow River Basin and its response relationship to non-point source pollution triggered by rainfall and runoff events, this study can provide scientific references for the control and management of water quality attainment in typical tributaries of the Yellow River.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"774-785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Contamination of Conjugative Antibiotic-resistant Plasmids in Large-scale Livestock and Poultry Manure and Their Occurrence Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Gene].","authors":"Ying Li, Lei Shen, Hao-Ze Gao, Ya-Jie Guo, Xu-Ming Wang, Guo-Zhu Zhao, Tian-Lei Qiu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens are now becoming a serious threat to public health globally. To study the occurrence and transfer characteristics of plasmid-mediated mobile antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） in manure, antibiotic-resistant plasmids were captured from layers, broilers, and pig farms in Beijing, Hebei, and Ningxia provinces. The conjugative antibiotic-resistant plasmids （CARP） were captured by a filter membrane conjugation experiment, and the transfer frequency of plasmids from feces to recipient bacteria was tested. The ARGs-carried plasmid was extracted and sequenced with the Illumina sequencer, and the replicon types of CARP were identified with the PlasimidFinder database. The antibiotic-resistant phenotype of the captured conjugative plasmid was determined using the disk diffusion method （Kirby-Bauer）. In general, the 125 CARPs that were captured from 35 farms carried 13 types and 65 subtypes of ARGs. The most common ARGs were <i>floR</i>, <i>aac （6'）-lb7,</i> and <i>TEM-150</i>. Certain differences exist in the prevalence of CARP in the manure of different animals. The CARP in layer manure had a higher transfer frequency and prevalence than those in other animal farms, but the level of multidrug resistance conferred by these plasmids was lower than that of broilers and pigs. The 49 shared ARGs were observed from plasmids of broilers, layers, and pigs, of which 64% belonged to aminoglycosides, <i>β</i>-lactamase, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim-resistant genes. The antibiotic-resistant phenotypic characteristics of conjugants were similar with genotypes, and the dominant resistant conjugants belonged to <i>β</i>-lactamase （95.31%）, tetracyclines （89.06%）, aminoglycosides （87.5%）, and fluoroquinolones （68.75%）. IncH, IncN, and IncR plasmids were detected in pig manure, and 12.5% of the conjugants carried five or more high-risk ARGs in pig farms. The proportion of high-risk ARGs in pig farms was higher than that in other animal farms. In conclusion, the CARP in livestock manure commonly carries multiple types of ARGs, which can provide multiple antibiotic resistance capabilities for host bacteria. In addition, high-risk ARGs are carried by the broad host range of conjugative plasmids, which can promote the spread of high-risk ARGs in livestock farms to the surrounding environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1245-1254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial Effect of the New-type Urbanization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and Its Surrounding Areas on the Carbon Emission Intensity].","authors":"Jian Li, Qing-Qing Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and its surrounding areas are one of the key areas for air pollution prevention and control in China, testing the impact of air quality on the relationship between new-type urbanization and carbon emission intensity is related to the sustainable development of the region. Based on the panel data of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and the surrounding \"2+26\" cities from 2009 to 2021, the nesting weight matrix of air quality distance was constructed, and the internal relationship was tested with the help of the spatial Dubin model and the threshold effect model. The research results showed that： ① The new-type urbanization in this region had a strong inhibitory effect on carbon emission intensity. ② The new-type urbanization development had a significant positive space spillover effect on the carbon emission intensity in the adjacent areas. The air quality distance was the main factor affecting space overflow, but the influence degree was less than the adjacent distance. ③ The inhibitory effect of the new urbanization on carbon emission intensity and air quality was the threshold variable. Based on this, suggestions were put forward to promote the coordinated development of new-type urbanization and carbon emission reduction, strengthen cross-regional coordination of cities, and strengthen the management of air quality standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"625-635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Ozone Formation Sensitivity and Its Influencing Factors in Chengdu-Chongqing Area].","authors":"Wen Xu, Hao Yang, Min He, Zhen Yang, Yang Zhang, Zhi-Hong Liu, Yu-Ming He","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To study the characteristics of ozone formation sensitivity changes in the Chengdu-Chongqing area, the summer ozone formation sensitivity （OFS） was analyzed using satellite observation of the OMI tropospheric column concentration of HCHO and NO₂. Additionally, the effects of meteorological factors, source emissions, and their interactions on OFS were identified with the geodetic detector. The results showed that the summer OFS zoning in the Chengdu-Chongqing area was dominated by a transitional regime, with an area share of 42.42%. Less VOCs-limited regime was observed, which was mainly distributed in the urban areas of Chengdu City and Chongqing Municipality, with an area share of 16.37%. The NO<i>_x</i>-limited regime was mainly located in Ya'an City, Leshan City, Yibin City, Luzhou City, and the eastern part of Chongqing Municipality, with an area share of 41.21%. The area of the VOCs-limited regime gradually decreased from June to August and reached the lowest value in August, accounting for only 3.53%, and the area of the VOCs-limited regime increased significantly in September. Pollutant emissions （CO, PM_2.5, NMVOC, and NO<i>_x</i>） were the main factors affecting summer OFS in the Chengdu-Chongqing area. With the increase in emissions, the FNR gradually decreased, and the OFS tended to be the VOCs-limited regime. SP, T2, and TCW were the three main meteorological factors that affected the change in summer OFS in the Chengdu-Chongqing area. All three factors were negatively correlated with FNR； the larger the values of SP, T2, and TCW, the more easily OFS changed to a VOCs-limited regime. Interactions between factors exacerbated OFS changes and were the main drivers of spatial and temporal variations for summer OFS in the Chengdu-Chongqing area.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"736-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Review of Methods and Risk Assessment of Microplastics from Food Sources].","authors":"Ye-Ran Bai, Jia-Jia Zhang, Run-Hao Bai, Qi Liu, Wen-Qing He, Wen-Bo Bai, Yan-Hua Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics are becoming an emerging environmental pollutant of great concern. Microplastics present in large quantities in the environment can accumulate in the human food system, thus threatening human health. Characterizing microplastic contamination in food is important for scientifically assessing the risk of human intake. Based on the current published literature, this study analyzed the exposure pathways of human dietary exposure to microplastics in terms of food raw materials, processing, and packaging. Moreover, it further summarized the research methods for food microplastics, which mainly included density flotation, membrane technology, and electrokinetic separation technology series of detection methods and visual analysis, spectroscopy, chromatography, and laser infrared imaging series of identification methods. Finally, the estimated daily intake of microplastics through food exposure was calculated, and the potential hazards of microplastics to humans were discussed, it is proposed that future research needs to be conducted systematically in the directions of analysis and detection, source tracing, and toxicological studies to provide theoretical references for the comprehensive prevention and control of microplastics and the assessment of human health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1155-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preparation of Iron-based Lime-reinforced Passivation Material and Its Passivation Effect on Sb].","authors":"Jia-Hao Shi, Qiong-Li Bao, Yu-Tan Chu, Hong-Yu Sun, Yi-Zong Huang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a solidified material, iron salt has a good effect on the remediation of soil antimony （Sb） pollution, but its improper use will cause soil acidification and reduce the remediation effect. The ferric sulfate cornerstone ash-reinforced passivation material （FS） and the polyferric sulfate cornerstone ash-reinforced passivation material （PFS） were prepared by using ferric sulfate, polyferric sulfate, and quicklime as raw materials. The morphology and characteristics of the materials were analyzed using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. The adsorption mechanism and remediation effect of the two materials on soil Sb were studied by an adsorption experiment and a soil culture experiment. The results showed that FS and PFS were mainly composed of iron and calcium oxides and hydroxides, which contained hydroxyl, carbonyl, and other functional groups. The Freundlich model fitted the isothermal adsorption data well, indicating that the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by both materials was multilayer adsorption. The adsorption capacity of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS increased with the increase in materials added. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the adsorption kinetics of FS and PFS well. Among the coexisting ions, PO₄^3- had the greatest effect on the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS, and the presence of a high concentration of （0.1 mol·L^-1） PO₄^3- significantly inhibited the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS. In the presence of low concentrations （0.01 mol·L^-1 and 0.001 mol·L^-1） of PO₄^3-, the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS was promoted. The addition of FS and PFS could reduce the total Sb （T） and trivalent Sb （Ⅲ） contents of extractable citric acid in the soil. The soil culture experiment showed that adding 5% FS and PFS could reduce the exchangeable Sb content in heavily polluted soil by 66.39% and 72.88%, respectively, and reduce the exchangeable Sb content in mildly polluted soil by 56.04% and 56.86%, respectively. Soil pH and electrical conductivity （EC） increased significantly with the increase in material addition. In conclusion, FS and PFS had efficient adsorption properties for both aqueous solution and soil Sb, and application in acidic soil could significantly improve soil pH, indicating that both materials could effectively passivate soil Sb and alleviate soil acidification and have great potential in passivating remediation of Sb-polluted soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1118-1129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Change Patterns and Driving Factors of Phytoplankton Communities in Typical Lakes in the Eastern Lake Region].","authors":"Jie Liu, Jian-Ming Deng, Yong-Jiu Cai, Zhi-Jun Gong, Xiang-Ming Tang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Eastern Lake Region is the most eutrophic in China and is most affected by human activities. In recent years, phytoplankton have proliferated in most lakes in the lake region, with the frequent occurrence of water blooms, and the driving mechanisms and spatial differences for long-term changes in the phytoplankton community of lakes at the regional scale remain unclear. Among them, Lake Taihu, Lake Hongze, and Lake Luoma are located in the Yangtze River Economic Zone and have important ecological functions such as storage, drinking water, and irrigation. They are greatly affected by human activities and are typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region. We used hydro-meteorological data, physical and chemical index data, and phytoplankton biomass data from 2016 to 2021 to study the phytoplankton community changes in typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region based on redundancy analysis and combined hierarchical partitioning and variance decomposition to identify the main drivers of phytoplankton community changes. The results showed that the long-term trends of climate background were generally consistent among typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region, but their nutrients, phytoplankton community, and environmental driving factors were different. The dominant phytoplankton phyla and genera in Lake Taihu, Lake Hongze, and Lake Luoma were significantly different. The lake characteristic, mainly characterized by water depth, was the main driving factor that led to spatial differences in phytoplankton communities among typical lakes in different seasons. The explanatory rates of water depth in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 46.32%, 30.79%, 26.92%, and 35.80%, respectively. However, the secondary driving factors had seasonal differences. Among them, in spring, the secondary driving factors were conductivity （13.48%） and total nitrogen （12.74%）. In summer, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （19.02%） and conductivity （14.71%）. In autumn, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （19.43%） and dissolved total nitrogen （15.86%）. In winter, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （23.53%） and the daily minimum temperature （14.91%）. Quantifying the contribution of different drivers was important for future lake eutrophication management and policy formulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"877-888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dynamic Coordination Effect of Pollution Reduction, Carbon Reduction, and Economic Development in Guangdong Province].","authors":"Qian-Bin Di, Chen-Lu Liang, Xiao-Long Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the panel data of the regional GDP balance of pollutant and carbon dioxide emissions in 21 cities of Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2020, the dynamic equilibrium relationship between pollution reduction and carbon reduction and the economy was investigated using a PVAR model. The results were as follows： ① A self-growth mechanism of inertia effect exists in the Guangdong economy compared with pollution reduction and carbon reduction. ② The causal relationship between the economy and pollution control was mainly reflected in the inhibition effect of pollution discharge on the economy. The response of water pollutant discharge to economic shock changed from positive to negative, and the response curve of air pollutants to economic shock was V-shaped. The economy had a promoting effect on pollutants. ③ No two-way causal relationship exists between carbon emissions and economy, and the positive weakening impact of the economy on carbon emissions lagged behind, which accords with the Kuznets curve hypothesis. ④ A complex and subtle relationship exists between the economy and the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. The economy had a positive promoting effect on the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, while the backwardness of the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction inhibited the economy to a certain extent. To achieve the \"win-win\" situation of high economy and ecological protection in Guangdong Province, we must give full play to the \"double dividend\" effect of the economy driving the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, promote the optimization of industrial structure, increase investment in scientific and technological innovation, consolidate the foundation of emission reduction and carbon reduction, and thoroughly implement the strategic deployment of carbon emission peaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"669-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hydrochemical Characteristics and Mechanism Analysis of Shallow Groundwater in Beijing Plain Area].","authors":"Shi-Yu Wang, Zhao-Hui Ma, Miao Chang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Yue Xi, Ji-Ji Chen, Di Cui, Lei Tao, Hong-Wei Jing, Hai-Feng Lu, Xiu-E Shen, Bao-Xian Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Groundwater is an important resource for alleviating global water scarcity. Therefore, understanding its hydrochemical characteristics and mechanisms is of great significance for groundwater management. A total of 210 groundwater samples from shallow monitoring wells in the plain area of Beijing were collected in this study. Statistical analysis, Piper diagram, spatial interpolation, Pearson correlation analysis, and the ion ratio method were used to study the hydrochemical characteristics, spatial distribution, and formation mechanism of groundwater in the plain area of Beijing. The results showed that ① The groundwater of the six groundwater systems in the plain area was mainly HCO₃-Ca type. The water chemistry along the downstream of the alluvial fan of the Yongding River was HCO₃-Na·Ca type. The spatial variation coefficients of chemical components in groundwater were relatively large, indicating certain spatial differences. ② A strong and significant positive correlation exists between Fe and Mn in groundwater, and their spatial distribution is similar. High concentrations were distributed in the Tongzhou area downstream of the Chaobai River, mainly due to the hydrogeological structure of thin clay layers and alternating sand. Fe and Mn in groundwater mainly came from the dissolution of iron and manganese oxides. High concentrations of F^- were mainly distributed in the Wenyu River alluvial fan and Tongzhou area, which was related to the convergence of groundwater flow and the hydrogeological structure of multiple layers of clay and sand in the quaternary strata in Tongzhou. SO₄^2- and NO₃^- had similar spatial layouts, with high concentrations distributed upstream of the Yongding River alluvial fan, which may have been related to the historical drainage of infiltration wells and pits. ③ The hydrochemical types of the six groundwater systems were mainly controlled by the dissolution of carbonate and sulfate rocks, and certain sampling points downstream of the Yongding River alluvial fan were affected by the dissolution of silicate rock minerals to a certain extent. The ion ratio method showed that the hydrochemical components of groundwater in the Chaobai River alluvial fan mainly came from the dissolution of calcite. The groundwater in the alluvial fans of the Wenyu River and Yongding River mainly came from the dissolution of dolomite. The hydrochemical components of groundwater in other systems were influenced by the dissolution of both the two carbonate minerals. In addition, the milligram equivalent concentration of SO₄^2-+Cl^- in the study increased with that of NO₃^-, confirming the influence of human activities on the hydrochemical composition of groundwater. The research results will provide data support for the evaluation and management of groundwater in the plain areas of Beijing.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"833-842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Microbial Community Structure and Functional Genes of Phosphorus Cycling in Cotton Field Soil Under Long-term Saline Drip Irrigation].","authors":"Yang Ye, Xiao-Wen Guo, Mao-Qi Yang, Wei Min, Hui-Juan Guo","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater resources are scarce in arid regions, and the rational use of brackish water resources can alleviate local freshwater shortages, but long-term brackish drip irrigation increases the risk of soil salinization, which in turn affects soil nutrient transformation and microbial diversity. Soil phosphorus availability is critical for crop growth, yet it is unclear how long-term brackish drip irrigation will affect soil phosphorus transformation. Therefore, to investigate the effects of long-term brackish drip irrigation on soil phosphorus-transforming microorganisms and their functional genes in cotton fields, the experiment was set up with two irrigation water salinities, freshwater （0.35 dS·m^-1, FW） and brackish water （8.04 dS·m^-1, SW）. The results showed that long-term brackish drip irrigation significantly decreased cotton dry matter weight, phosphorus uptake, yield, soil pH, and Ca₂-P and Ca₁₀-P contents but significantly increased cotton phosphorus content and soil water content； electrical conductivity； quick phosphorus； and Ca₈-P, Al-P, Fe-P, and O-P contents. The dominant species in each treatment at the phylum level were Ascomycetes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacillus, and Greenscapes； and at the phylum level, the dominant species were <i>α</i>-Ascomycetes, Actinobacteria, <i>β</i>-Ascomycetes, Oleococcus thermophilus, and <i>γ</i>-Ascomycetes. including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Chloroflexi. Select dominant species at the class level included Alphaproteobacteria, Actinomycetia, Betaproteobacteria, Thermoleophilia, and Gammaproteobacteria. Long-term saline drip irrigation significantly reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Nitrospirae but significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes and significantly reduced the expression levels of the organic phosphorus mineralization gene <i>phnA</i>, transport gene <i>pit</i>, and polyphosphate synthesis gene <i>ppaC</i>. Moreover, it significantly increased the expression levels of the polyphosphate degradation gene <i>HDDC3</i>； organic phosphorus mineralization genes <i>phnG</i>, <i>phoA</i>, <i>phnH</i>, <i>phnL</i>, <i>phnM</i>, <i>phnN</i>, <i>phnP</i>, and <i>phnW</i>； transport genes <i>phnK</i>, <i>phnE</i>, <i>phnC</i>, and <i>phnD</i>； and the regulatory gene <i>phoB</i>. Correlation analysis showed that soil phosphorus-cycling microorganisms and functional genes were closely related to soil physicochemical properties and soil inorganic phosphorus content. Therefore, long-term saline drip irrigation changes the composition of soil phosphorus-cycling microorganisms by affecting soil physical and chemical properties and inorganic phosphorus content, which in turn drives the expression of phosphorus-cycling-related functional genes to regulate and adapt to salt stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1225-1235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}