Journal of Equine Science最新文献_第4页

Undetectable vitamin D₃ in equine skin irradiated with ultraviolet light. 紫外线照射的马皮肤中检测不到维生素D3。

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.45

Sara Azarpeykan, Erica K Gee, Keith G Thompson, Keren E Dittmer

{"title":"Undetectable vitamin D3 in equine skin irradiated with ultraviolet light.","authors":"Sara Azarpeykan, Erica K Gee, Keith G Thompson, Keren E Dittmer","doi":"10.1294/jes.33.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.33.45","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin D requirements for most animals are expected to be fulfilled through daily exposure of the skin to solar ultraviolet B radiation. The synthesis of vitamin D3 in skin depends on different factors including melanin pigmentation, the amount of UVB radiation reaching the skin, type of clothing/hair coat, latitude and altitude, season, and time of day. Alternatively vitamin D2 may be obtained from UVB irradiated pasture species. Recent studies have shown that in unsupplemented grazing horses 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 is the predominant form of vitamin D in plasma, and that 25OHD3 is undetectable suggesting horses may rely on diet to obtain vitamin D. In order to mimic the natural environment of skin to sunlight exposure, five equine and two ovine devitalized skin samples were irradiated with 5 J/cm2 of UVB light followed by measurement of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) and vitamin D3 concentrations using reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC revealed the presence of 7-DHC in the skin of both horses and sheep. Vitamin D3 was undetectable in both ovine and equine skin prior to irradiation, but after irradiation with UVB light, ovine skin showed an increase in vitamin D3 concentration (mean 0.16 ± 0.07 µg/g), whereas vitamin D3 was undetectable in equine skin. These results provide additional evidence that horses make negligible quantities of vitamin D3 in their skin after exposure to UVB light and may therefore rely on their diet as a primary source of vitamin D.","PeriodicalId":35701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/da/26/jes-33-045.PMC9522623.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33486986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Serum proteins and electrophoretic profile in horses undergoing crotalid venom hyperimmunization. 马接受蛇毒过度免疫的血清蛋白和电泳谱。

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.31

Monique Gonçalves Dos Santos Novelino Ramos, Sabrina Destri Emmerick Campos, Marcelo Abrahão Strauch, Leila Cardozo Ott, Daniel de Barros Macieira, Nayro Xavier de Alencar, Daniel Augusto Barroso Lessa

{"title":"Serum proteins and electrophoretic profile in horses undergoing crotalid venom hyperimmunization.","authors":"Monique Gonçalves Dos Santos Novelino Ramos, Sabrina Destri Emmerick Campos, Marcelo Abrahão Strauch, Leila Cardozo Ott, Daniel de Barros Macieira, Nayro Xavier de Alencar, Daniel Augusto Barroso Lessa","doi":"10.1294/jes.33.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.33.31","url":null,"abstract":"Indisputably, the use of antivenoms for the treatment of snakebite envenoming is beneficial for the victims. However, there are few studies addressing the effect of long-term hyperimmunization in inoculated horses. It is known that the injection of snake venoms and adjuvants leads to local and systemic reactions in horses, but little is known about the response of inflammatory proteins. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum proteins and the electrophoretic profile of horses undergoing crotalid venom hyperimmunization. Twenty horses were divided into two groups: an inoculated group, comprising ten horses that were already being used for production of a Crotalus sp. antivenom, and a control group, comprising ten animals that had never been used for hyperimmunization. All animals were clinically healthy and without laboratory abnormalities. Total protein and albumin concentrations were measured in serum. Serum globulins were obtained by calculation. Plasma fibrinogen estimates were determined by the heat precipitation method. Serum proteinograms were obtained using agarose gel electrophoresis. The results revealed a significant increase in the concentrations of total serum proteins, globulins, and β-globulins in the inoculated group, exceeding the reference values. There were slight increases in the α-1- and α-2-globulin subfractions in serum-producing horses, with no statistical significance. We also observed that horses used to produce hyperimmune plasma developed hypoalbuminemia, although the decrease in albumin production was not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that the continuous use of horses to produce crotalid antivenom may lead to a chronic inflammatory stimulus, with changes in plasma levels of inflammatory proteins.","PeriodicalId":35701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/74/jes-33-031.PMC9522620.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33486988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Concentration of cephalothin in body fluids and tissue samples of Thoroughbred horses. 纯种马体液及组织样本中头孢菌素的浓度。

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.51

Taisuke Kuroda, Yohei Minamijima, Hidekazu Niwa, Hiroshi Mita, Norihisa Tamura, Kentaro Fukuda, Atsutoshi Kuwano, Fumio Sato

引用次数: 1

Videodermoscopic examination of the skin and its products in purebred Arabian horses in the summer season. 夏季纯种阿拉伯马皮肤及其制品的电视皮肤镜检查。

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.37

Agnieszka Pomorska-Zniszczyńska, Marcin Szczepanik, Nikola Adamczyk, Magdalena Tarach

{"title":"Videodermoscopic examination of the skin and its products in purebred Arabian horses in the summer season.","authors":"Agnieszka Pomorska-Zniszczyńska, Marcin Szczepanik, Nikola Adamczyk, Magdalena Tarach","doi":"10.1294/jes.33.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.33.37","url":null,"abstract":"Videodermoscopy is a method that enables the examination of many parameters of the skin and its structures. The aim of this study was to assess specific dermoscopic parameters in purebred Arabian horses during the summer. The study involved 21 clinically healthy purebred Arabian horses (18 mares and three stallions) that had not been used for breeding and were 1 to 25 years old. The videoderoscopic evaluation was performed on seven selected areas of the body: forehead, mane, neck, chest, flank, rump, and tail. The tests were carried out with Vidix and Olympus cellSens specialised software. Videodermoscopy revealed that the skin was pigmented in all of the bay horses, in one of the seal brown horses, and in the 10 grey horses. Only one grey horse and one chestnut horse had unpigmented skin. Hair thickness ranged from 44.82 µm (neck) to 75 µm (mane). Regarding the amount of hair in the field of view, the highest and lowest numbers of hairs were found on the neck (3,004) and mane (990), respectively. A valuable insight obtained from our research is that it is possible to use digital image analysis for precise quantitative and qualitative evaluations of the skin and its structures.","PeriodicalId":35701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a4/56/jes-33-037.PMC9522622.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33486989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationships between the age and blood test results or body sizes in Noma horses. 诺玛马的年龄与血液测试结果或体型的关系。

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.27

Yoichi Inoue, Tetsushi Ono, Keiichi Hisaeda, Yutaka Yamada, Akihisa Hata, Takako Shimokawa, Miyama, Kenichi Shibano, Emi Ohzawa, Hitoshi Kitagawa, Eri Iwata

引用次数: 1

The combination of BMP12 and KY02111 enhances tendon differentiation in bone marrow-derived equine mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-eMSCs). BMP12和KY02111联合使用可增强马骨髓间充质基质细胞(BM-eMSCs)的肌腱分化。

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.19

Aungkura Supokawej, Wasamon Korchunjit, Tuempong Wongtawan

{"title":"The combination of BMP12 and KY02111 enhances tendon differentiation in bone marrow-derived equine mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-eMSCs).","authors":"Aungkura Supokawej, Wasamon Korchunjit, Tuempong Wongtawan","doi":"10.1294/jes.33.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.33.19","url":null,"abstract":"The Wingless and Int-1 (WNT) and bone morphogenic protein/growth differentiation factor (BMP/GDF) signalling pathways contribute significantly to the development of the musculoskeletal system. The mechanism by which they contribute is as follows: BMP/GDF signalling usually promotes tendon differentiation, whereas WNT signalling inhibits it. We hypothesised that inhibiting WNT and subsequently stimulating BMP signalling may enhance the tenogenic differentiation of stem cells. The objective of this study was to determine whether a combination of WNT inhibitor (KY02111) and BMP12/GDF7 protein could enhance the differentiation of bone marrow-derived equine mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-eMSCs) into tenocytes. Cells were cultured in five treatments: control, BMP12, and three different combinations of BMP12 and KY02111. The results indicated that a 1-day treatment with KY02111 followed by a 13-day treatment with BMP12 resulted in the highest tenogenic differentiation score in this experiment. The effect of KY02111 is dependent on the incubation time, with 1 day being better than 3 or 5 days. This combination increased tenogenic gene marker expression, including SCX, TNMD, DCN, and TNC, as well as COL1 protein expression. In conclusion, we propose that a combination of BMP12 and KY02111 can enhance the in vitro tenogenic differentiation of BM-eMSCs more than BMP12 alone. The findings of this study might be useful for improving tendon differentiation protocols for stem cell transplantation and application to tendon regeneration.","PeriodicalId":35701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8f/38/jes-33-019.PMC9260033.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40603283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Epidemiological survey, general blood biochemistry, and histological examination of slaughtered heavy horse breeds with hemorrhage in the adipose tissue in the crest of the neck 屠宰的颈嵴脂肪组织出血重马品种的流行病学调查、一般血液生化和组织学检查

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.7

K. Harada, Saori Kanemitsu, Kohei Akioka, Kazunari Fujita, Y. Nishi, Y. Taura, N. Sasaki

引用次数: 1

Effect of short-term artificial light and transvaginal progesterone device on first ovulation in late transitional mares 短期人工光照和经阴道黄体酮装置对晚期母马首次排卵的影响

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.1

C. Bianchi, S. Bruno, I. Videla Dorna, Edgardo Rodríguez, M. Aba

{"title":"Effect of short-term artificial light and transvaginal progesterone device on first ovulation in late transitional mares","authors":"C. Bianchi, S. Bruno, I. Videla Dorna, Edgardo Rodríguez, M. Aba","doi":"10.1294/jes.33.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.33.1","url":null,"abstract":"In study I, plasma progesterone concentrations were evaluated in anoestrous mares that received an intravaginal progesterone release device (IPRD) for 10 days. Mares were divided into 3 groups based on the dosage of progesterone (0 g, n=3; 1.38 g, n=5; and 1.9 g, n=5). No statistical differences were found in plasma progesterone concentrations between the two doses tested. In study II, the effects of a protocol based on a short program of artificial light combined with an IPRD containing 1.38 g of progesterone on oestrous behaviour and onset of ovulation were evaluated. IPRDs were inserted into 31 late transitional mares (10 days of treatment). The mares were divided into a control group (n=9, IPRD with 0 g of progesterone) and two treatment groups (T1, n=10, IPRD with 0 g of progesterone and artificial light; T2, n=12, IPRD with 1.38 g of progesterone and artificial light). The percentages of mares in heat within the first 14 days after treatment were 100%, 70%, and 100% in the control, T1, and T2 groups, respectively (P=0.097), and their ovulation rates were 44%, 60%, and 100%, respectively (P≤0.01). In conclusion, a protocol based on artificial light and an IPRD containing 1.38 g of progesterone for 10 days could be considered to advance the first ovulation of the year in late transitional mares, as it ensures a higher rate of ovulation within the first 14 days after treatment.","PeriodicalId":35701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47856652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of restraint inside the transport vehicle on heart rate and heart rate variability in Thoroughbred horses 运输车内约束对纯种马心率和心率变异性的影响

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.13

H. Ohmura, A. Hiraga

引用次数: 2

Arthroscopic guided repair of a slab fracture of the fourth carpal bone in an 8-month-old thoroughbred horse. 关节镜引导下修复一匹8个月大的纯种马第四腕骨板骨折。

Journal of Equine Science Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.1294/jes.32.143

Daisuke Miyakoshi, Akiko Watanabe, Hiroki Ikeda, Yuya Mizuguchi

引用次数: 0