{"title":"Surface mount conductive adhesives with superior impact resistance","authors":"S.A. Vons, Q. Tong, R. Kuder, D. Shenfield","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664467","url":null,"abstract":"Surface mount conductive adhesives (SMCAs) provide an environmentally friendly solution for interconnections in electronic applications. In addition, SMCAs offer other attractive technical advantages over conventional metal solders including low temperature processing, fine pitch capability, and enhanced thermal cycling performance. However, one key obstacle to general replacement of metal solders by SMCAs in electronic applications is the poor impact resistance of the adhesive interconnections, which is characterized by the industry standardized \"drop test\" A structure-property-performance study of SMCAs was undertaken with the goal of identifying the key material properties for improved \"drop test\" performance. This study identified energy dissipation as the key factor governing \"drop test\" performance and, accordingly, reduced modulus and increased loss factor to be the material properties of importance. The above findings are based on analysis of a physical model of the SMCA assembly used for the \"drop test\", and further verified by experimental results on a series of exploratory SMCA materials. This study not only led to a thorough understanding of the key performance requirements of the material, but also yielded novel adhesive materials with superior impact resistance capable of maintaining adhesive interconnections during \"drop test\".","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122528378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some factors that affect performance of capillary flip chip underfills","authors":"M. Edwards","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664428","url":null,"abstract":"Not all capillary flip chip underfill materials are created equal. Differences that affect performance that frequently do not appear on product information sheets will be discussed. Data such as adhesion to different surfaces and flow rates will be compared for various underfill formulations. Some process variables will also be discussed.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124376521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal conductivity and specific heat determinations of a set of lead-free solder alloys","authors":"L. Kehoe, G. Crean","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664460","url":null,"abstract":"With the elimination of lead-based solders from electronics manufacturing there is a need to understand the properties of their replacement alloys. In particular measurements of the thermal properties of the replacement alloys are critical for quality control as well as for reliability of the lead free solder joints. This paper will address the determination of the thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of a range of lead-free solder alloys based on Sn/Ag/Cu. Utilising the Laser Flash Technique and Differential Scanning Calorimetry the thermal conductivity will then be determined by a combination of these two properties and the alloy density. A comparison of the thermal conductivity determined from SnPb37 will be made.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131930146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Laskar, N. Jokerst, M. Brooke, M. Harris, C. Chun, A. Pham, H. Liang, D. Staiculescu, S. Sutono
{"title":"Review of RF packaging research at Georgia Tech's PRC","authors":"J. Laskar, N. Jokerst, M. Brooke, M. Harris, C. Chun, A. Pham, H. Liang, D. Staiculescu, S. Sutono","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664451","url":null,"abstract":"Consistent with the Packaging Research Center's vision of low cost single level integrated modules (SLIM), the Wireless Thrust is focused on developing integrated solutions for wireless interfaces. The core focus is to develop: (1) Development and analysis of multilayer microwave assemblies. The goal is to assess the critical technology break points required for SLIM and requirements for SLIM to progress to higher frequencies of operation. This project includes development of SLIM based high frequency test structures for evaluation and study. (2) Development of RF microwave packaging and interconnects for microwave multichip assemblies. This project focuses on developing the necessary structural properties for SLIM to operate at MM wave frequencies with particular emphasis upon developing vertical interconnects. (3) Development of next generation wireless integration approaches. This project focuses upon applying thin-film integration to develop three dimensional wireless ICs for direct integration with SLIM. A detailed data base development is proposed, based upon PRC SLIM prototypes, to establish measurement based methodology to accurately model entire high density interconnect systems at microwave frequencies.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114739703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Scheck, B. Rogers, P. Garrou, M. Dibbs, A. Strandjord, S. Cummings, Y. Ida
{"title":"Pre-develop bake for end point stabilization with photo-BCB polymers","authors":"D. Scheck, B. Rogers, P. Garrou, M. Dibbs, A. Strandjord, S. Cummings, Y. Ida","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664439","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a bake prior to development stabilizes the develop end point of photo-BCB films and removes the time dependence of the develop end point. The elimination of this source of process variability enables the implementation of a develop process in which, for a given film thickness and set of bake conditions, the optimum develop time is a constant, and monitoring of the end point is unnecessary.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128404598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal greases with exceptionally high thermal conductivity and low thermal resistance","authors":"R. Hunadi, R. Wells","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664459","url":null,"abstract":"The need for higher performance thermal interface materials has been spurred by the higher thermal demands of new microprocessors, MCMs and other high speed devices. These devices typically produce 10-40 watts of heat. Many applications require the use of a removable interface material along with the need to minimize the bond line and thermal resistance. In addition, greases can compensate for surface nonplanarity approaching 3-4 mils for heat sinks and device packages. In the past several years, a number of diamond filled greases, with claims of high thermal conductivity, have been reported but these products were not practical for low cost consumer applications such as severs, desktop and laptop computers. Other fillers such as boron nitride and aluminum nitride have also been used but most of the previous available fillers were optimized for use in producing ceramic substrates and not for use in polymer based systems. We would like to present our results on the development of a series of high thermal conductivity, cost effective, easy to use greases. In addition to thermal, physical and electrical properties, we will summarize reliability test data including temperature cycling, temperature/humidity exposure and high temperature aging.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132856707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thin film polymeric materials in microelectronic packaging and interconnect","authors":"P. Garrou","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664433","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric materials in the form of thin film insulating layers are finding increased application in a variety of microelectronic applications. The SIA IC roadmap shows the industry moving towards thin film polymers vs conventional SiO/sub 2/ dielectric for on chip interconnect. Photo polymers are being used as stress buffer/passivation layers on top of Si and GaAs chips and to redistribute peripheral pads on chips to area array bumps. Thin film materials are also being used to route interconnect on laminate, ceramic and silicon substrates; interconnect passive components; form optical waveguides for short haul optical interconnect and serve as planarization and alignment layers in flat panel displays.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"161 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114153086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Capote, S. Chu, Ligui Zhou, B. Gao, R.W. Johnson
{"title":"Reflow-curable polymer fluxes for flip chip encapsulation","authors":"M. Capote, S. Chu, Ligui Zhou, B. Gao, R.W. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664425","url":null,"abstract":"Generally, in the process of flip chip assembly on polymer-glass printed circuits, flip-chips are underfilled with a glass-powder-filled epoxy encapsulant and cured. The underfilling is required to produce reliable solder joints. The reliability of the final assembly hinges on the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and modulus of the encapsulant. A CTE of 20-3a ppm//spl deg/C and a modulus exceeding 6 GPa are necessary to achieve the required lifetime of 2000-4000 thermal cycles at -25 to 125/spl deg/C. Yet the underfill process during assembly is expensive and time consuming. New fluxes that crosslink during reflow have been developed. They can be filled with ceramic or glass powders to achieve the required CTE and modulus. When these polymer fluxes are used in flip chips, a robust assembly is created without the need to underfill. We will report on a multilayer approach to flip chip assembly that eliminates the need for post-reflow underfilling.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"97 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124915126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical and microstructural characteristics of dilute SnBi and SnBiIn alloys","authors":"T. Reinikainen, J. K. Kivalahti","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664456","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents extensive data on the mechanical properties of dilute SnBi alloys, where the Bi-content varies from 0.5 to 6 at%. The data are determined experimentally in the temperature range of -20 to +150/spl deg/C using numerous different strain rates. The effect of In addition on the behavior of the SnBi3% and SnBi6% alloys is also investigated. Since it is obvious that the amounts of different phases-and not only the Sn-rich solid solution-change significantly during temperature cycling, notably in the SnBiIn alloys, thermodynamic assessments of the systems are also performed. The analyses which enable to evaluate the volume fractions of the phases in the alloys of fixed nominal compositions as a function of temperature indicated that there are considerable differences in the stabilities of the equilibrium structures of the solder joints at the peak cycling temperatures.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131223530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compression flow modeling of underfill encapsulants for low cost flip chip assembly","authors":"N. W. Pascarella, D. Baldwin","doi":"10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPM.1998.664430","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, underfill dispense processing is achieved through capillary action, making it a costly and time consuming process particularly as device size increases and standoff gaps decrease. As part of the Low Cost Next Generation Flip Chip Processing Program at Georgia Tech, an advanced flip chip assembly process is being developed. This process eliminates the need for time consuming capillary flow processing, and integrates the simultaneous reflow and cure of the solder interconnect and polymer underfill. The advanced process results in a significantly lower assembly cost combined with reduced throughput time. Reduced throughput time and cost are achieved through the compression flow of the underfill material. Since the flow of the material governs assembly yield and reliability, this work focused on flow simulation studies of the placement process. Here a simulation methodology and simulation studies were conducted to characterize the compression flow of the underfill and predict void formation. Results yielded design guidelines that gave insight into process parameters such as the limits on underfill deposition geometry and underfill viscosity. The results indicated the initial limits of an overall process window for compression flow chip placement.","PeriodicalId":354229,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 4th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials Processes, Properties and Interfaces (Cat. No.98EX153)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117168827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}