Problems and prospects of economics and management最新文献

{"title":"INNOVATION SYSTEM AS A BASIS FOR NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT","authors":"N. Kotvytska","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-53-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-53-64","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the importance of the innovation system in the economic development of a country and its impact on various sectors of the economy, enhancing competitiveness, ensuring sustainability, and improving the quality of life of the population. Different aspects of the innovation system are examined, including its components, structure, processes, relationships, and interactions, as well as mechanisms for its development. The role of the innovation system in the development of the economy is analyzed, and it is demonstrated that the importance of developing an innovation system for the national economy lies in its ability to enhance competitiveness and support sustainable economic development.Current trends and problems in the development of the innovation system worldwide are investigated, and ways to improve its functioning are proposed. Various typesof innovation systems, including technological, social, and business innovations, are also examined, and the positive economic consequences of innovation development are analyzed.The research is based on the use of theoretical sources and the study of the experience of foreign and domestic scientists regarding the development of the innovation system. Scientific achievements are summarized and the expediency of creating and functioning of clusters as a tool for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy is substantiated. The result of the research is the formulation of recommendations to improve the effectiveness of the innovation system and ensure its compliance with current requirements and trends in the development of the global economy. In addition, the research aims to popularize the concept of an innovation system among the business community, scientific community, and government structures, which will contribute to the further development of this field.","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124798743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOCIAL PAYMENTS, COMPENSATIONS AND BENEFITS AS A RANGE OF SOCIAL WELFARE OF THE POPULATION IN UKRAINE","authors":"Olga Topol, Nataliia Sukhytska","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2021-4(28)-7-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2021-4(28)-7-16","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a theoretical justification and empirical verification of the effectiveness of social payments, compensa-tions, and benefits in Ukraine as ranges of social welfare. An analysis of social assistance to families with children performs. The ways of improving the social welfare system indicated: legal (streamline the regulatory framework of social security in Ukraine, generalize the types of assistance, compensation and benefits, eliminate duplication); financial (to provide funding from the State Budget of Ukraine as a separate item of social expenditures, to audit the effectiveness of the use of budget expenditures; topro-vide for the possibility of transferring budget funds to non-state actors, etc.); personnel (increase salaries of specialists, set sur-charges for complexity (responsibility) and scope of activities; social (increase the prestige of the profession, audit and certifica-tion of personnel according to quality standards of social assistance); educational (introduce unified models of professional training, retraining and advanced training) specialists in the field of social work in accordance with the specialization), prognos-tic (provide a targeted order for training with their subsequent employment), organizational (establish effective interaction be-tween social assistance entities, educators, representatives of international organizations), information technology (providefree and technically convenient access of the population to information on social benefits, services, benefits, entities that provide them), information and advertising (use web pages, websites, \"personal e-offices\", telephone \"hot\" / consultation lines, on-online and offline consul etc.); management (granting, appointment and control of payments to concentrate in the powers of one central entity; providing assistance to the territorial offices of the main entity).The developed recommendations, among others, are proposed: to create based on legal documents of Ukraine \"Unified information base of social assistances, services, and benefits\" provided to the population indicating sources of funding (state budget funds, funds of non-governmental organizations, local communities), and \"Unified Register of Beneficiaries in Ukraine\" which in joint data processing, will provide an opportunity to compare: information on the amount of funding for assistance and the needs of consumers in this aid.","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124902856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE AS THE PRIMARY FACTOR OF MIGRATION TRENDS","authors":"Svitlana Povna, Maryna Rudyak","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2021-4(28)-52-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2021-4(28)-52-60","url":null,"abstract":"The article systematizes the positive and negative aspects related to migration processes. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of socio-economic development, it is determined that too low a level of investment in the economy leads to such social problems as lack of jobs and rising unemployment. These processes exacerbate migration trends.Social and economic problems originate from the imperfection of the institutional environment. The low level of wages in Ukraine is a consequence of problems related to the efficiency of the economy, which includes the deployment of the re-source curse through the closure of manufacturing, corruption.We also analyzed the situation with employees who currently work for foreign countries, this is especially true of the IT sector, but live and pay taxes in Ukraine. They are characterized by high-level skills and high income levels. With negative expectations for the further development of Ukraine's institutional environment, they may join the ranks of migrants.We came to the following main conclusions: 1) Ukraine'seconomy has stabilized at a very low level, which is unlikely to make Ukraine attractive for the return of its workers in the near future; 2) developed skills of a high level of the population along with the weak capabilities of the institutional environment can add instability in migration processes; 3) the impact on migration processes is a complex issue that affects the foundations of state organization","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124706821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMATION OF A CREDIT MECHANISM IN THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES CONDITIONS: SYSTEM ASPECTS","authors":"V. Vovk, I. Sadchykova, V. Sadchykov","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-245-254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-245-254","url":null,"abstract":"Within thearticle,theoretical aspects of the credit mechanism formation in the conditions of transformational changes according tothe system approachare substantiated. The purpose of the article is to deepen conceptual foundations of the formation and development of the credit mechanism in the context of crisis phenomena and transformational processes in economy. It has beennoted that the maximum effect from the management of financial resources can be obtained from their effective interaction in the field of the credit regulation mechanism. Only within the framework of such integration can the contradiction between the need for additional resources and their scarcity be resolved, so as not to disrupt continuity of the reproduction process. It has been substantiated that the presence of a common goal, paying attention to the complexity and systematicity of financial management create prerequisites for applying a systemic approach in the study of the credit mechanism. It has been noted that in the process of the credit mechanismfunctinongwith the condition of strengthening the processes of financial support, the resources of the state and local budgets, banking institutions, the parabanking sector, investors, as well as financial resources of the population for investing in socio-economic development programs at the macro and meso levels should be consolidated. Creation of the conditions for effective functioning of the credit mechanism, the development of the credit market and credit infrastructure requires the use of a complex system approach to overcome the problems of the shortage of funding sources. The main tasks, principles, elemental composition and characteristics of the credit mechanism has beendefined. The following factors influencing the mechanism functioning has beensingled out, such as: state of the development of the state administration system and the political situation; unity of the monetary and credit system of the state; stability and interaction of the distribution and redistributionprocessesof financial and credit resources at all levels of state administration; state of the development of credit infrastructure facilities; state economic policy in the field of financial and credit regulation.Themethodology for determining the effectiveness of the credit mechanism in the conditions of transformational processes has beenproposed","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121631873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATE AND POST-WAR RECOVERY OF UKRAINE'S ECONOMY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INTELLECTUAL AND INNOVATIVE DETERMINANTS OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT","authors":"S. Khanin","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-226-232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-226-232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126460316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS AS AN ELEMENT OF A SUSTAINABLE STATE ECONOMY","authors":"I. Koloberdyanko, Khrystyna Zolotova","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2021-3(27)-211-217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2021-3(27)-211-217","url":null,"abstract":"The household savings was, and still remains, the object of research by foreign and local scientists. However, despite the large number of research, there is a need for a more detailed consideration of the household savings in modern realities and review of factors that influence it. In circular flow of income, households act rationally, they do not spend all their in-come on consumption, which is why part of their income they save. The household invests a certain part of its savings in fi-nancial assets, which are transformed into investments of the real sector of the economy, which stimulates the financial and credit system. Currently, the consequence of Ukraine's state policy is the lack of sustainable economic growth, which affects the income of its citizens. Therefore, the analysis of the current state of household savings is necessary to prevent stagnation of the economy in the country. The objective of the article is to summarize economists’ views of on the definition of \"savings\"; finding out the main motives for savings; the role of savings in money turnover and their forms of placement; research of the current state and analysis of the dynamics of savings in household incomes; finding solutions to increase savings among households. The theory of savings has been studied since the beginning of economics, and authors from different schools have interpreted the concept of \"savings\" in their own way. The motivation to save is a motive, the main typology was pro-posed by John Maynard Keynes, but now behavioral economics has provided new concepts to address this issue. When con-verting savings into a financial asset, it can lead to an increase in GDP. At the present stage, the saving behavior of Ukraini-an households is insufficient, mainly due to public distrust in financial institutions and the development of the shadow economy (expenditures exceed incomes). To increase the level of savings among households, the authors present the follow-ing main proposals: providing more reliable protection for clients of financial institutions; developing financial literacy among all segments of the population; developing a concept to promote socially desirable behavior","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127693714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ACTUAL DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF INDIRECT TAXATION’ SYSTEM IN UKRAINE","authors":"Kostiantyn Shvabii, Olexsandr Chyrva","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2022-3(31)-150-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2022-3(31)-150-162","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the latest trends in the development of the indirect taxation system in Ukraine. This is due to the fact that in the last few years there have been certain structural shifts in the system of indirect taxation and changes in tax legislation as a reaction to external negative shocks (the COVID-19 pandemic and full-scale military aggression against Ukraine). In view of this, the purpose of this work is to assess the latesttrends in the development of the indirect taxation system in Ukraine, taking into account the impact on the state budget revenues and the state finance system as a whole of such factors as the COVID-19 pandemic and the full-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, which allows to determine the strong and weaknesses of the domestic indirect taxation system.The conducted study testifies to the significant impact of external negative shocks on the structure of tax revenues from the payment of indirect taxes. Revenue volumes have decreased significantly, despite the fact that it is indirect taxes that act as fiscal stabilizers for the public finance system. In particular, there was a trend of increasing structural disparities both in theindirect taxation system and the tax system in general.It is shown that some tax innovations related to the full-scale military aggression against Ukraine are appropriate and allowed to stabilize the situation in the economy and society. Meanwhile the results of the analysis of most of the tax reforms during martial law indicate their excessive liberalization. Some of the considered changes did not bring the desired regulatory effect, but instead created threats to the fiscal security of the state and prerequisites for abuse by non-compliant taxpayers.It was concluded that it is necessary to further increase the efficiency of the functioning of the indirect taxation system of Ukraine by improving the electronic VAT administration system and implementing the Track&Trace system for the excise tax payment control system.","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127797132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADMINISTRATIVE MECHANISM OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES UNDER THE COMPETITIVE PARADIGM’S CONDITIONS","authors":"T. Tkachenko","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-156-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2022-4(32)-156-163","url":null,"abstract":"The substantiation of the principles of management of the system of economic security of indus-trial enterprises in the conditions of the competitive paradigm has been carried out. It is substantiated that the system of economic security of the enterprise makes it possible to develop and implement the necessary strategies for the development of the enterprise, to level the influence of internal and external threats, to maintain and increase the level of competitiveness in the market. It is proventhat the man-agement of the economic security system in the conditions of a competitive paradigm is a part of the management of an industrial enterprise and is aimed at the economic security goals of the enterprise, which are aimed at timely detection, prevention, countermeasures and protection against internal and external threats. The management of the system of economic security of an industrial enterprise is aimed at promoting sustainable economic development of the enterprise, increasing its competitiveness, form-ing and increasing its financial, personnel, intellectual-innovative, production and other potentials, and at the same time creating a system of protection against external and internal threats to development. Management of the economic securityof an industrial enterprise in the conditions of a competitive par-adigm involves management based on such principles as: efficiency, expediency, coordination, respon-sibility, continuity, legality, uniqueness and adaptability. Management of the economic security of an industrial enterprise in the conditions of a competitive paradigm should be aimed at solving such tasks as: first, developing a clear hierarchy of ways to avoid possible threats and minimize the impact of their negative manifestation on the functioning of an industrial enterprise; secondly, introducing and increasing the role of information and analytical activities in the work of security services; thirdly, ensuring the confidentiality and transparency of information regarding the company's activities.","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132725802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RATIONAL WATER USE AND WATER CONSUMPTION IN THE PROCESS OF INTENSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES: ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS","authors":"I. Kychko","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2022-2(30)-54-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2022-2(30)-54-63","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Within the article, the sources of water pollution of Ukraine as a result of the intensification of agricultural activities in Ukraine are systematized and substantiated, adjusting measures on water use to prevent the deterioration of water quality, negative consequences of irrational use of water resources by the agricultural sector are considered. It is argued that deterioration factors of the hydrosphere state as a result of the agricultural sector can be significantly reduced by using the following actions: combination of crop production with animal production, which eliminates the problem of waste, promotes more efficient use of the fodder use; circulating water supply system, in which the used water after cleaning is not discharged into the environment, but is used repeatedly; local seeds for crops production and local breeds in animal husbandry; bans or restrictions on the use of the plants’ protection products insanitary zones of the water supply sources; limiting the maximum rates of the pesticides consumption, frequency and timing of their application in organic production; drip irrigation; collecting rainwater for irrigation from built in own reservoirs; cultivation of agricultural crops that are suitable for the climate; practicing a mulching system to preserve moisture in the soil; actual functioning of water protection zones along rivers and water objects, reduction of water losses during transportation to water consumers, creation of artificial reserves of underground water due to filtration losses near bulk reservoirs and main channels, which should increase the productivity of water intakes, etc. It is determined that for the introduction of rational waterconsumption and water use in long term, the improvement of the environment quality is possible by greening the needs in order to eliminate the deformed value system. The pace, structure and culture of the consumption should be formed in accordance with ecological restrictions, reducing the load on the ecosystem, balanced consumption, finding a balance between the economic well-being of the current generation and the availability of quality water resources for future generations","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129868068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESSENCE AND PECULIARITIES OF THE DIGITAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT","authors":"L. Verbivska","doi":"10.25140/2411-5215-2021-4(28)-17-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2021-4(28)-17-25","url":null,"abstract":"Today, digitalization is a basic trend in the development of economic relations. The introduction of digital technologies in the activities of business entities is already part of the process of ensuring their competitiveness, a necessary condition for their further development. These technologies partially change the environment in which enterprises are developing, they have al-ready virtually penetrated all areas and sectors of the national economy. It is such an important role of these technologies in the development of economic relations that increases the interest of scientists in conducting new research in this direction.Within the article, the essence of digital business is analyzed, and the features of its operation are identified. To do this, a gen-eral analysis of the content of digital economy was carried out. Some concepts of the interpretation of the digital economy essence are investigated, and it is established that in the simplified variant this type of economy is considered by scientists as a set of eco-nomic relations, which is developed on the basis of wide use of digital technologies. Analysis of the presented approaches allowed to single out a set of the basic features of digital economy, which made it possible to state the permeability of such technologies in all spheres of economic relations, their positive and negative impact on the national economy development.Highlighting the specific features of digital economy also provided for the analysis of the digital business nature and its nature specification. In the article, various possible options for considering the essence of this business are highlighted. However, the study revealed that digital business is a new form, a new stage in the e-business development. Accordingly, it is proposed to consider this type of business as a new form of e-business, which consists in the use of digital technologies to carry out the main activities of the enterprise, bringing it the largest amount of income.","PeriodicalId":353405,"journal":{"name":"Problems and prospects of economics and management","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133142204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}