Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat最新文献

{"title":"Multimodaalse suhtlusakti struktuur ja tähenduse kujunemine mitme osalejaga suhtlussituatsioonis","authors":"Dmitri Kulakov, Silvi Tenjes","doi":"10.5128/ERYA13.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA13.12","url":null,"abstract":"Artikkel toob esile, millised on mitme osalejaga multimodaalses suhtlussituatsioonis seosed modaalsuste vahel tahenduste kujundamisel ja vastuvotmisel. Teoreetiliselt lahtume suhtlusakti struktuuri analuusist ning keskendume multimodaalsele kommunikatsioonile. Naitame, millisel viisil on mitme osalejaga suhtluses voimalik kasutada osalejate kommunikatiivset potentsiaali, et edastada ja vastu votta tahendusi ning sooritada konkreetseid suhtlustegevusi. Analuus toob valja osalejate verbaalsete ja mitteverbaalsete suhtlusmodaalsuste rolli tahenduse konstrueerimisel ja uksteise moistmisel, kui kujutatakse referenti voi osutatakse sellele. Andmed parinevad Peipsi jarve rannakulade elanike suhtlussituatsioonide audio- ja videosalvestuste korpusest, mis on lindistatud loomulikus situatsioonis valitingimustes.  \"Structure of multimodal communicative acts and formation of meaning in multiparty communication situations\" The article elaborates on the structure of a multimodal act, and thereby also the underlying cognitive processes. The current paper presents a study on the basis of empirical data concerning utilization of communication modalities on transmission and successful reception of the meaning in a situation with concurrent presence of objects in the communicative space. The analyzed materials originate from corpora of audio- and videotape recordings of native inhabitants from shore villages of the lake Peipus (Research Group on Multimodal Communication, University of Tartu). The method of microanalysis of video recordings as well as theories of multimodal communication were employed in the research. The method and theoretical term base were combined pursuant to the data under analysis. Five people participated in the communication situation and the conversation took place in Russian. The analysis encompasses identification of the conversational topic and description of the physical space, movements and linguistic aspects.","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"9 2 1","pages":"187-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78187301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varieeruva vältega sõnade hääldusuuringud kõnesünteesi teenistuses","authors":"L. Piits, Mari-Liis Kalvik","doi":"10.5128/ERYA13.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA13.08","url":null,"abstract":"Artiklis tutvustame lugemiseksperimenti, mille pohjal uurime nn varieeruva valtega sonade haaldust. Varieeruva valtega sonade maaratlemisel lahtume oigekeelsussonaraamatu (OS 2013) normingutest – uurime sonu, mida lubatakse haaldada nii teises kui kolmandas valtes. Analuusime sonade pearohulise ja jargsilbi kestussuhteid ja vordleme saadud andmeid kuuldelise hinnangu tulemustega. Uurime, kas sarnase silbistruktuuri ja sama sonaliigilise kuuluvusega sonade haalduses on sarnaseid jooni. Rakenduslikust aspektist kannus- tab uurimust vajadus leida lahendus probleemidele, mida varieeruvus tekitab tekst-kone sunteesi protsessis. Uuringu tulemusel selgusid peamised trendid varieeruva valtega sonade haalduseelistustes. Nii silpide kestussuhete kui kuuldelise hinnangu alusel moodustusid kindlad sonaruhmad, kus domineeris uks voi teine valde. Sonatuupide kaupa analuus voimaldas maarata ka valte varieerumise trende tuubiti, nt koik kolmesilbilised lik -liitelised adjektiivid uhe erandiga haaldusid kolmandas valtes. \"Words of variable quantity degrees as a problem for speech synthesis\" Estonian text-to-speech synthesis relies in its determination of pronunciation on the Dictionary of Standard Estonian (OS 2013), which is the basis of standard Estonian. However, for roughly 300 words, this dictionary allows pronunciation with both the second and third quantity degree. This causes problems in the text-to-speech synthesis system, since the automatic text analysis cannot handle multiple outputs. It is necessary to give preference to one of the pronunciation variants in the text analysis process, and therefore it is important to identify which variant is more common among language users in actual speech. For the studies of quantity degrees, words were chosen which OS 2013 lists as being pronounced with both the second and third quantity degree. This study is based on a reading experiment conducted with 23 informants (15 women and 8 men), in which each informant read 52 sentences aloud. These sentences contained 47 target words, i.e. words of variable quantity degrees; in total, the study yielded 1080 pronunciation instances to examine. The group of target words includes those with varying vowel quantity degrees as well as those with varying consonant quantity degrees; the duration ratios characteristic of each quantity degree were calculated on the basis of the primary-stress syllable and the unstressed syllable following it. The average duration ratio for the second quantity degree is 1.8, and for the third quantity degree 2.9. These results are similar to those obtained in previous studies. On the basis of the informants’ pronunciation, the words were grouped into three categories: second quantity degree, variable quantity degree (where neither the second nor the third quantity degree accounted for more than 2/3 of all pronunciations) and third quantity degree. Based on the duration ratio, 8 words fell into the second quantity degree group; however, based on au","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"44 1","pages":"123-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84034024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending research on the influence of grammatical gender on object classification: A cross-linguistic study comparing Estonian, Italian and Lithuanian native speakers","authors":"Luca At Vernich, Reili Argus, Laura Kamandulyte-Merfeldiene","doi":"10.5128/ERYA13.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA13.14","url":null,"abstract":"Using different experimental tasks, researchers have pointed to a possible correlation between grammatical gender and classification behaviour. Such effects, however, have been found comparing speakers of a relatively small set of languages. Therefore, it’s not clear whether evidence gathered can be generalized and extended to languages that are typologically different from those studied so far. To the best of our knowledge, Baltic and Finno-Ugric languages have never been examined in this respect. While most previous studies have used English as an example of gender-free languages, we chose Estonian because – contrary to English and like all Finno-Ugric languages – it does not use gendered pronouns (‘he’ vs. ‘she’) and is therefore more suitable as a baseline. We chose Lithuanian because the gender system of Baltic languages is interestingly different from the system of Romance and German languages tested so far. Taken together, our results support and extend previous findings and suggest that they are not restricted to a small group of languages.  \"Grammatiline sugu objektide kategoriseerimise mojutajana: eesti, itaalia ja leedu keele vordlev uurimus\" Eri tuupi eksperimente kasutades on uurijad osutanud grammatilise soo ja objektide klassifitseerimise voimalikele seostele. Senised tulemused on saadud siiski suhteliselt vaheste keelte andmete vordlemisel. Seetottu ei ole teada, kas need jareldused on uldistatavad ka nendele keeltele, mille struktuur erineb siiani uuritud keeltest. Probleemi uurimiseks laiendasime vaadeldavate keelte hulka ja tegime grammatilise soo ja objektide kategoriseerimise seoste katse labi balti ja soome-ugri keelte hulka kuuvate keeltega, mida ei ole konealusest vaatenurgast uuritud. Enamik seniseid uuringuid on seadnud nn lahtepunktiks ehk grammatilise soota keeleks inglise keele. Siinses uuringus valisime aga selliseks lahtepunktiks hoopis eesti keele, kus erinevalt inglise keelest ei ole ka isikulistel asesonadel sootunnuseid ja mis on seetottu grammatilise soota keelte ekstreemsem esindaja. Teiseks uuritavaks keeleks valitud leedu keeles on grammatilise soo susteem vorreldes seni uuritud romaani ja germaani keeltega paljuski eriparane. Uhe sellise eriparana olgu mainitud asjaolu, et leedu keeles ei ole artikleid. Kolmas uuritud keel on itaalia, kus grammatiline sugu realiseerub indo-euroopa keeltele usna tavaparasel moel. Saadud tulemused kinnitavad seost emakeele grammatilise soo ja objektide kategoriseerimise vahel . Eesti, itaalia ja leedu keele konelejate vastuste vordlus naitas, et senised tulemused on uldistatavad ka tupoloogiliselt erinevate keeltele. Kokkuvotlikult voib vaita, et koneldav keel ja keelespetsiifiline kognitiivne kaitumine on seotud. Veelgi enam, tulemustest selgus, et koneldava keele grammatiline sugu kaalub ule ja vahel isegi jatab taiesti tahelepanuta ilmselt universaalse kontseptuaalse kalduvuse tajuda artefakte kui pigem meessoost ja looduslikke objekte pigem kui naissoost objekte.","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"116 1","pages":"223-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90737670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquisition of motion in L2 Estonian","authors":"Liis Nelis, Merilin Miljan","doi":"10.5128/ERYA12.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA12.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the acquisition of Motion in Estonian by native English speakers. The aim was to determine how English learners of Estonian are influenced by their first language (L1) when describing Motion events in Estonian as their second language (L2). Prior studies have claimed that people develop certain ways of thinking for speaking when learning their first language which affect the acquisition of other languages (e.g. Slobin 1996, Pool, Pajusalu 2012 i.a. ). In order to find out how native English speakers are influenced by their L1 when acquiring Motion in Estonian, an experiment was implemented on 22 participants (11 native English speakers and 11 native Estonian speakers) in which they were asked to write a short narrative in Estonian based on a picture book by Mayer (1969). The Motion events found in the narratives were analysed one by one. The findings suggest that L1 thinking patterns influence the intermediate learners more than the advanced or beginner learners, thus partly supporting the findings of Cadierno and Ruiz (2006) who reached a similar conclusion. Liikumissundmuste omandamine eesti keeles teise keelena Kaesoleva artikli eesmargiks oli selgitada valja, kas ja kuidas mojutab inglise keelt emakeelena konelevate inimeste esimene keel liikumissundmuste valjendamist eesti keeles. Talmy (2000) teooriale toetudes voib vaita, et nimetatud keeled on tupoloogiliselt sarnased, st satelliidikeeled, milles liikumisteed valjendatakse verbisatelliitide abil. Kasutatavad verbisatelliidid erinevad neis keeltes aga oluliselt: eesti keeles kasutatakse liikumistee valjendamiseks kaandeloppe ning tagasonu, inglise keeles peamiselt eessonu. Uurimiskusimustele vastuste leidmiseks viidi labi eksperiment 11 inglise keelt emakeelena koneleva isikuga, mille kaigus paluti neil kirjutada luhike eestikeelne tekst Mayer’i (1969) “Frog, where are you?” piltide pohjal. Too tulemused toetavad pustitatud hupoteesi: inglise emakeelega eesti keele oppijad eksivad liikumissundmusi kirjeldades sageli selliste keeleliste elementide kasutamisel, mis ei ole omased nende esimesele keelele (naiteks kaandelopud ning tagasonad). Ootusparaselt esines koige enam nimetatud eksimusi algajate grupis ning koige vahem edasijoudnute grupis. Liikumissundmuste analuusi tulemusena voib vaita, et alg- ja edasijoudnute tasemel esineb emakeele mojutustega vigu koige vahem ning kesktasemel koige enam. Edasijoudnute tasemel eesti keele oppijad teevad vahe emakeele mojutustega vigu, kuna tunnevad piisavalt hasti eesti keele grammatikareegleid ning liikumissundmuste valjendamiseks kasutatavaid konstruktsioone. Algtasemel eesti keele oppijad aga ei ole veel piisavalt hasti vajalike konstruktsioonide kasutamisreeglitega kursis, mistottu on neil keeruline leida ka uhenduskohti oma emakeelega. Seega tekib vahe selliseid eksimusi, mida saaks seostada inglise keele reeglite eesti keelde mugandamisega. Kesktasemel eesti keele oppijate narratiivides leidus esimese keele mojutustega vi","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"10 1","pages":"161-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87790571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitaalsete keeleressursside loomist ja kasutamist määrav õiguslik raamistik Eestis ja selle ühildumine CLARIN-i infrastruktuuriga","authors":"Aleksei Kelli, Kadri Vider, Heiki Pisuke, Krister Lindén","doi":"10.5128/ERYA12.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA12.05","url":null,"abstract":"Artikkel keskendub keeleressurssidega seonduvatele oiguslikele kusimustele. Aluseks voetakse protsess, mis algab keeleressursside loomisega ning lopeb nende levitamisega. Keeleressurss on oma olemuselt autorioiguslikult kaitstav andmebaas, mida katavad kahetasemelised oigused (oigused autorioiguslikult kaitstavale materjalile, mida ressursside loomisel kasutati, ja oigused ressursile endale), millega tuleb levitamise protsessis arvestada. Keeleressursside loomine saab tugineda kahele voimalikule oiguslikule mudelile: 1) litsentsipohine mudel ja 2) erandipohine mudel. Molemaga kaasnevad positiivsed ja negatiivsed aspektid, mida kaesolevas artiklis ka analuusitakse, vottes arvesse arenguid Euroopa Liidus. Enne kui keeleressurssi saab levitada CLARIN-i vorgustikus, on oluline, et oigused levitada oleks ule antud monele Eesti Keeleressursside Keskuse konsortsiumipartnerile. Oigused ressursile lahevad ule kas toosuhtes voi siis lepinguga. Sel eesmargil on tootatud valja CLARIN-i deponeerimislepingud. Enne kui kasutaja saab ressursile ligipaasu, peab ta noustuma CLARIN-i teenusetingimustega. Artikkel selgitab CLARIN-i tuuplepingutega seonduvaid kusimusi ning tutvustab CLARIN-i lepingute viimaseid parandusi.  Regulatory framework determining the development and utilization of digital language resources in Estonia and its compatibility with CLARIN infrastructure  The article focuses on legal issues relating to language resources. These issues are analyzed throughout the process of the creation of language resources and their subsequent distribution. Language resources can be defined as copyright protected databases, which are governed by two tiers of rights: 1) rights in material used to create the database and 2) rights in this database. The creation of language resources can be subject to two models: 1) the contract model and 2) the exception model. Both models have their advantages and disadvantages. The models are analyzed in the light of developments at the EU level. Before language resources can be distributed, it is necessary to transfer copyright covering resources to a partner of the Center of Estonian Language Resources. The rights are transferred within employment or contractually. For this purpose, CLARIN deposition license agreement templates have been developed. Before end users can access language resources they have to accept CLARIN Terms of Service. The scope of the article is not confined to the explanation of CLARIN agreement templates. The article also highlights the latest amendments to these templates.","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"35 1","pages":"81-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75420703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internetikeele automaatne süntaktiline analüüs kitsenduste grammatikaga","authors":"Dage Särg","doi":"10.5128/ERYA12.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA12.15","url":null,"abstract":"Artikkel kirjeldab eesti keele kitsenduste grammatika kohandamist internetikeelele. Selleks parsiti 19 809 sone suurune jututubade korpus eesti kirjakeele jaoks valjatootatud reeglistikuga. Korpuse margenduse kasitsi kontrollimisel leitud vigade pohjal tehti reeglistikku muudatusi neljas etapis: osalausepiiride tuvastamine, uhendverbide tuvastamine, pindsuntaktiline analuus ning soltuvussuntaktiline analuus. Too kaigus leiti, et internetikeele suntaksi olulisemateks erijoonteks on laialdane partiklite ja utete kasutus, vaiksem taiendite osakaal, lausete luhidus ja valjajatteliste lausete sage esinemine. Reeglistiku kohandamise tulemusel paranesid nii pind- kui soltuvussuntaktilise analuusi naitajad. Koige enam vigu tekkis subjektide, predikatiivide ja adverbiaalide funktsioonide margendamisel. Soltuvussuntaktilisel analuusil esines enim vigu adverbiaalide soltuvusmargendites. Syntactic analysis of Estonian netspeak using Constraint Grammar The paper provides an overview of an attempt to adapt the Estonian Constraint Grammar rule set for netspeak. The rule set has been developed by Kaili Muurisep and Tiina Puolakainen for shallow and dependency parsing of Estonian literary language, and it has previously been adapted for shallow parsing of spoken Estonian by Kaili Muurisep and Heli Uibo. First, in order to adapt the rules, a chatroom corpus was parsed with the existing rule set. The corpus was manually revised and based on the errors that were found, changes were made to the rule set. The changes regarded detection of clause boundaries and particle verbs, as well as assignment of syntactic tags and dependency relations. Extensive use of discourse particles and direct addresses, short sentence length, and small percentage of attributes among the syntactic functions used in text appeared to be the most distinctive features of netspeak, as well as the large amount of elliptical sentences from which, in addition to other syntactic functions, a predicate can be left out. As a result of adapting the rule set, the results of both shallow and dependency parsing improved. The most error-prone syntactic functions were subjects, predicatives, and adverbials. In dependency parsing, the largest number of errors was made in determining the governors of adverbials.","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"27 1","pages":"253-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81865414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquisition of epistemic marking in Estonian and Russian","authors":"Viktoria V. Kazakovskaya, Reili Argus","doi":"10.5128/ERYA12.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA12.04","url":null,"abstract":"The article compares the acquisition of epistemic modality in typologically different languages, Estonian and Russian. The longitudinal data of 4 children was used to analyse the first emergence and the further development of lexical markers expressing certainty and uncertainty. Developmental analysis of micro fields of epistemic modality has shown that in both languages the semantics of uncertainty starts to be acquired slightly earlier than certainty. The main tendencies in the usage of epistemic markers in utterances are similar in our corpora. Since the acquisition of epistemic modality is similar in the two languages, it would be reasonable to assume that some categories, like epistemic modality, rely more on general cognitive development than others.  Episteemilise modaalsuse markerite omandamine eesti ja vene keeles Artiklis kirjeldatakse episteemilise modaalsuse markerite omandamist eesti ja vene keeles. Kuigi tegemist ei ole sugulaskeeltega ning igale uksikule episteemilisuse markerile uksuhest tolkevastet leida ei ole voimalik, on toenaosushinnangu valjendusvahendite jaotumine skaalal vahe toenaoline – tosikindel kahes keeles usna sarnane. Nelja lapse (kaks vene ja kaks eesti keelt omandavat last) pikiuuringu andmete pohjal kirjeldatakse artiklis esimeste episteemilise modaalsuse markerite ilmumist laste keelekasutusse ning toenaosust ja ebatoenaosust valjendavate markerite edasist arengut. Analuusist selgus, et molemas keeles hakkavad lapsed kasutama vahest toenaosust valjendavaid markereid pisut varem kui tosikindlust valjendavaid. Samuti on sarnased markerite kasutamise strateegiad: laste kones on pisut suurem valik ebatoenaosust valjendavaid markereid kui toenaosust valjendavaid, samuti moodustavad molemas keeles ebatoenaosuse valjendusvahendid koikidest episteemilise modaalsuse markeritest kaks kolmandikku. Episteemilise modaalsuse markerite kasutamise areng toimub kognitiivselt lihtsamatest situat- sioonidest keerukamateni: esialgu kasutavad lapsed markereid kolmanda isiku tegevusi voi mingit uldist olukorda kirjeldavates lausetes, seejarel oskavad nad neid kasutada enda tegevuse ehk selle toenaosuse kirjeldamiseks ning alles seejarel vestluspartneri (nn sina-lausetes) tegevuste voi kavatsuste toenaosuse kirjeldamiseks. Lapsele suunatud kone analuus naitas, et markerid, mis on lapsele suunatud kones sagedased, ilmusid varakult ka laste keelde ja olid nendegi keeles sagedased. Taiskasvanutele suunatud kones esinevad aga episteemilise modaalsuse markerid monevorra teistsuguse sagedusega ja nii voib vaita, et lapsele suunatud kone on justkui taiskasvanutele suunatud kone ja laste enda kone vahevariant. Kahe keele episteemilise modaalsuse markerite omandamises olulisi erinevusi ei olnud. Ainukese erinevusena voib markida seda, et markerid minu arvates ja minu meelest olid eesti lastele suunatud kones usna harvad ning eesti laste keeles esines minu meelest vaid kahel korral, markeri vaste po-moemu vene lastele suunatud keeles aga oli u","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"1 1","pages":"57-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85466981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juhiste esitamine haldusaktides","authors":"R. Reinsalu","doi":"10.5128/ERYA12.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA12.13","url":null,"abstract":"Kohalikud omavalitsused korraldavad haldusaktide kaudu enda, muude ametkondade, ettevotete, eraisikute jt tegevust. Et haldusakt taidaks oma eesmarki voimalikult hasti, tuleb valida sobiv tekstistrateegia, mis holmab nii struktuuri- kui ka keelevalikuid. Keelekasutaja ei ole valikute tegemisel kunagi paris vaba, vaid ta lahtub suuremal voi vahemal maaral varasemate tekstide eeskujust ehk žanri- ja laiemalt kultuuritavadest. Artikli valimi moodustavad 75 korraldust, otsust ja kaskkirja, mille uurimine žanrianaluusi meetodil voimaldab valja selgitada nende tekstiliikide uhis- ja erijooned, sealhulgas tekstistrateegilised votted, mida kasutatakse kommunikatiivse eesmargi saavutamiseks. Tekstistrateegia holmab tekstituubi valikut: kuna nii korralduse, otsuse kui ka kasu eesmark on tegu (keegi peab midagi tegema), esindavad need tekstid makrotasandil instruktiivset tekstituupi, mikrotasand pakub aga mitme tekstituubi poimingut. Juhiste esitamise viis on koigi vaatlusaluste haldusaktide puhul standardne ning tekstiliikide vahel markimisvaarseid struktuurilisi ja keelelisi erinevusi ei esine. Presenting instructions in administrative acts Local governments employ administrative acts for managing their own activities as well as those of other offices, businesses, private persons, etc. In order for an administrative act to best fulfil its purpose, a suitable textual strategy, covering both structural and linguistic choices, must be selected. No language user is entirely free in making such choices, but rather proceeds to a greater or lesser degree from examples set by previous texts, i.e. from conventions of genre and of the wider culture. The purpose of this paper is to determine what kinds of textual strategies and devices (including text types) are employed in orders, decisions, and directives for the purpose of achieving a genre-specific goal. Since the law specifies the issuer of the act, their sphere of competence, and the conditions for the issuance of the act, it can be presumed that some of the genre-specific characteristics are related to extra-linguistic factors. This paper focuses on the general and sentence structure of administrative acts, in order to determine whether such acts can be regarded as a distinct genre based on linguistic properties as well. The administrative acts under consideration have a structure as standardised by the corresponding domain. In 64% of the administrative acts background information (reasoning, and references to legislation) is syntactically connected to the conclusion. As such, the content is conveyed in the form of declarative speech acts: the issuer of the act describes their own activity (e.g. X issues an order , X decides + da -infinitive), rather than giving out instructions. However, in 26% of administrative acts there is no syntactic connection between background information and the conclusion, for which reason the conclusion, constructed from da- infinitives, takes the form of instructions. Consequentl","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"3 1","pages":"219-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89481489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ühendverbidest läbi prosoodia prisma","authors":"Ann Veismann, Heete Sahkai","doi":"10.5128/ERYA12.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA12.16","url":null,"abstract":"Artiklis on vaatluse all eesti keele uhendverbid ja nende suntaktiline staatus. Esmalt on valja toodud peamised probleemid uhendverbide senisel maaratlemisel eesti keeles (uhendverbide eristamine valjendverbidest, afiksaaladverb kui eraldiseisev sonaliik, uhendverbide klassi sisemine heterogeensus), seejarel keskendume kusimusele, kuidas on kasitletud uhendverbe lausemoodustajatena. Toome valja kaks peamist seisukohta: koik uhendverbid moodustavad suntaktiliselt lahutamatu terviku (maarates lausemalli) voi uhendverbide suntaktiline staatus soltub sellest, kas tegemist on ainukordsete voi korraparaste uhendverbidega. Pogusalt puudutame sama kusimust ka teiste keelte naitel. Artiklis on esitatud nii teoreetiline kui ka metodoloogiline uurimiskusimus, kuidas uhendverbide suntaktilist staatust maaratleda. Metodoloogiliselt on oluline naidata, et prosoodia abil saab selgitada suntaktilise struktuuri kusimusi. Teoreetilisest seisukohast naitame, kuidas prosoodia andmed kinnitavad kontiinumi, mis valitseb selgelt liitsete verbivormide ja fraaside vahel (st leksikoni ja suntaksi vahel). Particle verbs and prosody This paper investigates a class of verb-particle combinations in Estonian and their status as particle verbs vs. syntactic phrases. The paper first gives a brief overview of the main difficulties with defining and classifying particle verbs in Estonian (the difference between noun-verb combinations and adverb-verb combinations; verbal particle ( afiksaaladverb ) as a separate word class in Estonian, etc.). The second part of the paper presents the results of a prosodic study. The study has two primary aims: 1. To ascertain whether we can use prosody to investigate the grammatical status of verb-particle combinations, and 2. to contribute to the discussion of the lexical vs. syntactic nature of compositional verb-particle combinations in Estonian. The results of the study suggest that complex predicates and syntactics phrases are prosodically different, and, consequently, that prosodic analysis can be used as a method to study the lexical vs. phrasal status of verb-particle combinations. As to the status of compositional verb-particle combinations, the results support their treatment as complex predicates rather than phrases. The results further suggest that elements that are intermediate between lexicon and syntax may also be in some sense located on a prosodic continuum.","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"80 1","pages":"269-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77993823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring affective language in known peer feedback on L2 Academic writing courses: A novel approach","authors":"R. M. A. Yallop","doi":"10.5128/ERYA12.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA12.17","url":null,"abstract":"Publishing scientific articles in English is often a prerequisite for academic success. Thus, developing effective pedagogies to support Estonian university students develop writing skills in L2 (English) is becoming increasingly more important. One such method is by forming small writing groups where each member periodically gives written feedback on their colleague’s writing. Here, the affective language used in the written communication between the reviewer and writer may strongly influence their relationship. This in turn may have a significant impact on the writing process. This study describes the development of a novel taxonomy to measure the cumulative effect of affective factors by accounting for the uniqueness of each individual, and how they project their distinct personalities or ‘social presence’ to build rapport within the group. The hypothesis is that individuals exhibiting a high social presence are more likely to produce higher-quality feedback and more improved subsequent texts than those with a lower social presence. The paper concludes by illustrating how this taxonomy can be used to both test this hypothesis and gain further insight into the peer feedback process in future studies. Akadeemiliste tekstide tagasisides esineva afektiivse keelekasutuse mootmine uudse lahenemisviisiga Ingliskeelsete teadusartiklite avaldamine on sageli uks akadeemilise edasijoudmise eeltingimusi. Seeparast muutub uha olulisemaks selliste toimivate oppemeetodite valjatootamine, mis aitaksid Eesti ulikoolides oppivatel uliopilastel arendada akadeemiliste tekstide kirjutamise oskust voorkeelena (L2) opitud inglise keeles. Uks voimalikke meetodeid on moodustada vaikesed kirjutamisruhmad, kus koik liikmed annavad regulaarselt tagasisidet teiste ruhmakaaslaste kirjutatu kohta. Niisugusel puhul voib tagasiside kommentaarides esinev afektiivne keelekasutus tugevasti mojutada teksti autori ja hindaja vahelisi suhteid. See omakorda voib maarata, kas tekstikirjutaja votab tehtud markusi oma too edaspidisel redigeerimisel arvesse voi mitte. Artiklis on vaadeldud, kas on voimalik kasutada uudset lahenemisviisi, et moota uhes magistrioppe uliopilaste L2 kirjutamisruhmas afektiivseid tegureid tagasisidestamise protsessis. Esitatav lahenemisviis on uks sellise metoodika aspekt, mille kaudu uuritakse, kuidas afektiivsed tegurid voivad mojutada vastastikuse tagasiside protsessi; konealune uuring on uhes Eesti ulikoolis labiviidava pikiuuringu osa. Uudne lahenemisviis moodab afektiivsete tegurite kumulatiivset moju, vottes arvesse iga isiku eripara ja seda, kuidas aja jooksul konkreetne isiksus avaldub ehk milline on tema sotsiaalne kohalolu emotsioonide valjendamisel ning grupikuuluvuse loomisel ja hoidmisel. Konealust lahenemisviisi kasutatakse nii ruhma kui ka iga isiku sotsiaalse kohalolu mootmiseks. Pustitatud hupoteesi kohaselt on toenaoline, et suure kohalolufaktoriga tagasisidestajad ja autorid annavad vastavalt kvaliteetsemat tagasisidet ja koostavad lopuks","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"2015 1","pages":"287-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87774202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}