Plant Stress最新文献

{"title":"Molecular underpinning of heavy metal sequestration through advanced remediation strategies in higher plants","authors":"Himani Agarwal ,&nbsp;Divya Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Himanshi Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Chhavi Karala ,&nbsp;Niharika Purkait ,&nbsp;Neha Sharma ,&nbsp;Arti Mishra ,&nbsp;Vaibhav Mishra ,&nbsp;Ajay Kumar ,&nbsp;PrashantKumar Singh ,&nbsp;Laurent Dufossé ,&nbsp;NaveenChandra Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic emissions, particularly from industrial and agriculture activities, have significantly elevated the concentrations of highly toxic Heavy Metals (HMs), such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As), in the soil, leading to their accumulation in plants. These HMs, when exceeding toxicity thresholds (e.g., Pb &gt;10 mg/kg, Cd &gt;0.5 mg/kg, As &gt;1 mg/kg), disrupt the plant physiology and metabolism. To mitigate this toxicity, plants employ diverse detoxification and sequestration strategies, including mycorrhizal associations, root exudates, cellular compartmentalization, and the production of organic acids, phytochelatins, metallothioneins, proline, stress proteins, and plant hormones. This review aims to critically examine the molecular mechanisms by which key crop plants, such as rice, wheat, maize, and other higher plants, sequester these primary heavy metal contaminants. Additionally, it highlights the role of nanotechnology in enhancing plant resistance and facilitating nano-bioremediation under HMs stress conditions. This review provides valuable insights into innovative clean-up strategies for agriculturally important crops by exploring nanoparticle -mediated remediation mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100881"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of the 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase gene family in wheat: Expression patterns under salt stress and light-regulated cold acclimation","authors":"Fatemeh Gholizadeh,&nbsp;Gabriella Szalai,&nbsp;Tibor Janda","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (<em>4CL</em>) gene family plays a fundamental role in the phenylpropanoid pathway, influencing plant growth, lignin biosynthesis, and stress adaptation. Despite its significance, the <em>4CL</em> gene family in wheat (<em>T. aestivum</em> L.) has not been extensively studied. This study identified 40 <em>Ta4CL</em> genes distributed across 20 chromosomes, characterizing their structural features, phylogenetic relationships, and subcellular localization. Promoter analysis revealed cis-regulatory elements linked to stress response, hormone signaling, and light regulation. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that specific <em>Ta4CL</em> genes, such as <em>Ta4CL8–5A</em> and <em>Ta4CL4–7D</em>, were significantly upregulated under high salinity conditions, indicating their role in salt tolerance. Additionally, light-regulated cold acclimation experiments showed differential expression of multiple <em>Ta4CL</em> genes, with <em>Ta4CL2–6D</em> and <em>Ta4CL3–6B</em> displaying notable induction under blue light and cold stress. Protein interaction analysis highlighted the involvement of Ta4CLs in lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis, particularly through interactions with phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and other key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway. Physiological assessments confirmed that Na⁺ accumulation and the Na⁺/<em>K</em>⁺ ratio were correlated with the expression of specific <em>Ta4CL</em> genes, reinforcing their functional role in stress adaptation. These findings provide valuable insights into the diverse roles of <em>4CL</em> genes and offer potential targets for breeding stress-resilient wheat cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100879"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NIN-like proteins in poplar play roles in responding to abiotic stresses and nitrate availability","authors":"Lianke Guan ,&nbsp;Yan Lu ,&nbsp;Hang Wang ,&nbsp;Zihui Li ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Jie Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NIN-like proteins (NLPs) play crucial roles in NO₃^- signaling pathway, however, knowledge of NLPs in woody plants remains limited. A total of 13 <em>NLP</em> genes were identified in each haplotype of 717 poplar. All NLPs contained the PB1 and RWP-RK domains. Eight and nine duplicated gene pairs were detected for <em>PtNLPs</em> and <em>PaNLPs</em>, respectively. Promoter analysis of <em>NLP</em> genes in 717 poplar revealed the existence of many <em>cis</em>-elements of light and stress responses. The <em>NLP</em> genes exhibited distinct expression profiles across different tissues. For instance, <em>NLP1</em>-<em>NLP3</em> were nearly undetectable in leaves but highly accumulated in roots. The response of <em>NLP</em> genes to NO₃^- availability also showed complex patterns: <em>NLP1, NLP3, NLP5, NLP10</em> and <em>NLP11</em>, were induced by high NO₃⁻ availability in roots, but <em>NLP6, NLP12</em> and <em>NLP13</em> genes were inhibited by high NO₃^- conditions in both roots and leaves. Additionally, a protein interaction network centered around poplar NLP proteins was constructed, highlighting their potential roles in carbon and nitrogen (N) metabolism. These findings underscore the potential roles for poplar <em>NLP</em> genes in NO₃^- signaling and stress adaptation and lay a foundation for stimulating N use efficiency (NUE) in woody plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100878"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TaPUB57 confers drought tolerance, governs grain size and salt sensitivity by ubiquitinating TaEXPB3 in rice","authors":"Chunmei Yu ,&nbsp;Min Wang ,&nbsp;Long Li ,&nbsp;Yuying Li ,&nbsp;Yanfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Lili Yang ,&nbsp;Chaonan Li ,&nbsp;Jingyi Wang ,&nbsp;Guangchao Liu ,&nbsp;Matthew P Reynolds ,&nbsp;Qi Xie ,&nbsp;Ruilian Jing ,&nbsp;Xinguo Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) is the widest cultivated crop in the world. Abiotic stress, such as drought and high salinity, dramatically impacts the growth and development of wheat and leads to remarkable yield loss. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance is of great importance to develop high yield varieties with wide adaptability. Ubiquitination is a major type of post-translational modification in eukaryotes. The plant U-Box (PUB) protein is the smallest family in the E3 ligase superfamily, and involved in the responses to various environmental stimuli. Currently, <em>TaPUB57</em> has been cloned from wheat. It was induced by multiple abiotic stresses and phytohormone. Its ectopic expression increased grain size and drought tolerance, but caused hypersensitive to salt stress in rice. TaPUB57 interacted with and ubiquitinated TaEXPB3. Constitutive expression of <em>TaEXPB3</em> resulted in small grain size and remarkably enhanced salt tolerance. Moreover, <em>TaPUB57/TaEXPB3</em> co-expressing rice plants exhibited phenotypes of salt sensitivity and larger grain size relative to <em>TaEXPB3</em> transgenic lines. Therefore, it is speculated that TaPUB57 acts on grain size and the salt tolerance by ubiquitinating TaEXPB3.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100877"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peroxisome-dependent transcription factors respond to biotic and abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis and tomato","authors":"Alejandro Rodríguez-González ,&nbsp;Laura C. Terrón-Camero ,&nbsp;Zhivko Minchev ,&nbsp;Luisa M. Sandalio ,&nbsp;María José Pozo ,&nbsp;María C. Romero-Puertas","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants adapt to environmental challenges through complex mechanisms. They rapidly activate metabolic pathways in response to stress, relying on signaling molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) for cell-to-cell communication. Peroxisomes, key subcellular organelles that regulate ROS metabolism and signaling, house a wide enzymatic antioxidant system including catalases (CAT) and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes. This study identifies a set of catalase-dependent transcription factors (TFs) transcriptionally regulated during abiotic and biotic stress responses in Arabidopsis. Additionally, it examines whether their regulation is conserved in an important crop like tomato, aiming to deepen our understanding on the functions of peroxisomes in plant stress responses. The orthologues of these Arabidopsis TFs in tomato were all regulated under stress, responding to different adverse conditions, including salt and heat stress, and pathogen and/or herbivore attack, supporting their conserved functionality in stress responses. The results pinpoint these selected TFs, regulated in response to multiple stresses in Arabidopsis and tomato, as targets for biotechnological applications to enhance crop resilience to cope with climate change challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100874"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat tolerance mechanisms in bread wheat: Insights from flag leaves and spike tissues","authors":"Agyeya Pratap ,&nbsp;Nicolas L. Taylor ,&nbsp;Madan Pal ,&nbsp;Viswanathan Chinnusamy ,&nbsp;Kadambot H.M. Siddique","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat stress significantly limits global bread wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) productivity. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying heat tolerance by comparing physiological responses, yield components, and proteomic profiles in flag leaves and spike tissues of two heat-tolerant (RAJ3765-T, HD2932-T) and two susceptible (HD2329-S, HD2733-S) wheat genotypes under short-term (32 °C for 5 days) and long-term (32 °C until maturity) heat stress at ear peep (Zadoks’ stage 51). Short-term heat stress significantly reduced grain yield (6.16–42.78 %), primarily by decreasing grain number per plant (27.79–57.73 %), while long-term heat stress reduced thousand grain weight (10.55–27.33 %). Tolerant genotypes (RAJ3765-T, HD2932-T) maintained higher grain yields by preserving photosynthesis, membrane stability (<em>r</em> = 0.88, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.05), pollen viability (<em>r</em> = 0.74, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) and chlorophyll content (<em>r</em> = 0.82, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) while preventing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation (<em>r</em>=–0.83, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.05). These genotypes also sustained higher above-ground biomass and harvest index under both the heat conditions, whereas grain protein content increased across all genotypes (8.91–15.47 %). Proteomic analysis identified 31 and 60 differentially abundant proteins in flag leaves and spikes, respectively. Key proteins associated with heat tolerance in flag leaves were involved in photosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, and chromatin organization, while those linked to susceptibility were related to carbohydrate metabolism, methylation, chromatin and cell wall organization, and solute transport. Disrupted redox homeostasis was a typical heat susceptibility response in both spikes and flag leaves. Co-expression analysis revealed protein networks associated with redox homeostasis and chlorophyll biosynthesis, which significantly correlated with grain yield, offering novel biomarkers to breeding heat-tolerant wheat varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100876"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LcIMT1, a litchi inositol methyl transferase gene, is responsible for d-bornesitol biosynthesis and confers drought tolerance","authors":"Liang-Liang Huang,&nbsp;Xin-Ying Li,&nbsp;Fang-Fang Liu,&nbsp;Xu-Ming Huang,&nbsp;Ren-Fang Zeng,&nbsp;Farhat Abbas,&nbsp;Hui-Cong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>l</span>-quebrachitol, also known as 2-<em>O</em>-methyl-l-<em>chiro</em>-inositol, is a common form of methylated cyclitol found in <em>Litchi chinensis</em>, accounting for more than half of the soluble sugars. Nonetheless, the biological function of <span>l</span>-quebrachitol is somewhat restricted. Herein, we target an inositol methyltransferase (<em>LcIMT1</em>) gene that generates <span>d</span>-bornesitol (1-<em>O</em>-methyl-<em>myo</em>-inositol), an intermediate of <span>l</span>-quebrachitol biosynthesis, in litchi. Litchi plants confronted with drought stress showed a substantial increase in methyl inositol (<span>d</span>-bornesitol and <span>l</span>-quebrachitol) levels and <em>LcIMT1</em> expression in roots and leaves relative to control plants. Additionally, overexpressing <em>LcIMT1</em> in arabidopsis, tomato, and tobacco resulted in an enormous increase in <span>d</span>-bornesitol production compared to the wild-type (WT). Furthermore, the transgenic tomato lines displayed higher drought resistance as reflected by less wilt, lower relative electrolyte leakage, enhanced Fv/Fm, and higher CO₂ assimilation mainly due to higher stomatal conductance compared to the wild-type when underwent drought conditions. Better drought resistance in transgenic tomato lines might be associated with the accumulation of <span>d</span>-bornesitol which assists in maintaining cell turgor by reducing cell water potential and cellular homeostasis of reactive oxidant species (ROS). Reduced oxidative damage, as evidenced by diminished MDA levels and lower concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, may stem from the heightened energy consumption by the photosynthetic apparatus for CO₂ fixation and the reactive oxygen species scavenging capability of <span>d</span>-borneistol in the leaves of <em>LcIMT1</em> overexpressed lines. The findings of this study indicate that <em>LcIMT1</em> overexpression facilitates <span>d</span>-bornesitol biosynthesis, which functions as an osmotic regulator and free radical scavenger, thereby enhancing the drought resistance of tomatoes. Future research could investigate the exogenous application of <em>myo</em>-inositol methyl ether as a potential approach for mitigating dryness in plants. This research avenue possesses significant commercial prospects for agricultural applications, especially in water-scarce settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100875"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis reveals vector attraction to potato virus Y is mediated through temporal regulation of TERPENE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1)","authors":"Chad T. Nihranz ,&nbsp;Prakriti Garg ,&nbsp;Junha Shin ,&nbsp;Madeleine Dumas ,&nbsp;Sunnie Grace McCalla ,&nbsp;Sushmita Roy ,&nbsp;Clare L. Casteel","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viruses alter plant traits over time, which can further influence interactions between plants and insect vectors that transmit those viruses. However, the signaling pathways and regulators that control these temporal responses remain largely unknown. In this study, we used insect performance and preference bioassays, RNA-seq, and genetic tools to identify underlying mechanisms mediating temporal variation in plant-virus-vector interactions. We show that settlement and fecundity of the aphid vector, <em>Myzus persicae</em>, is increased on potato virus Y (PVY)-infected <em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em> plants two weeks post inoculation but not after six weeks. RNA-seq analysis revealed that transcripts related to plant defense and amino acid biosynthesis are upregulated in response to PVY infection and down regulated in response to aphid herbivory, and these patterns changed over time. Based on this analysis we identified a sesquiterpene synthase gene, terpene synthase 1 (<em>NbTPS1</em>), that is upregulated early in PVY infection, but not later in infection. Using virus-induced gene silencing and transient overexpression in <em>N. benthamiana</em>, we demonstrate that PVY induction of <em>NbTPS1</em> is required for increased aphid attraction to PVY-infected plants in the early stages of infection. These findings reveal that PVY temporally modulates transcriptional pathways associated with plant defense responses and volatile organic compounds that influence the behavior of aphid vectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100862"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsNRAMP7 positively regulates heat tolerance at seedling and reproductive stages in rice","authors":"Jingfang Dong ,&nbsp;Ke Chen ,&nbsp;Luo Chen,&nbsp;Minhua Zheng,&nbsp;Shuai Nie,&nbsp;Chanjuan Ye,&nbsp;Xuezhong Li,&nbsp;Guowei Xie,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Junliang Zhao,&nbsp;Song Bai,&nbsp;Wu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat stress is a significant environmental threat that affects the growth and productivity of rice. However, there is currently limited understanding of heat tolerance. Natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMPs) are known for their roles in ions uptake, transportation, and disease resistance, but their role in heat resistance is still unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that <em>OsNRAMP7</em>, a member of the <em>NRAMP</em> family in rice, positively regulates heat resistance at both vegetative and reproductive stages by generation of knockout and overexpression transgenic lines. <em>OsNRAMP7</em> was highly expressed in leaf blades, roots, immature panicles, flag leaf sheaths, and husks. The expression of <em>OsNRAMP7</em> was strongly induced in rice shoots when exposed to heat stress. Under heat stress, <em>OsNRAMP7</em> knockout plants exhibited more severe leaf damage and lower survival rates at the seedling stage, and decreased seed-setting rates and seed weight per plant at the reproductive stage compared to the wild type. Conversely, the <em>OsNRAMP7</em> overexpression plants exhibited enhanced heat tolerance across these phenotypic parameters. OsNRAMP7 is co-localized in the <em>Endoplasmic Reticulum</em> and Golgi. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant changes in the ribosome pathway in transgenic plants under heat stress. The <em>OsNRAMP7</em> overexpression plants increased the total antioxidant capacity and water content in rice after heat stress, and exhibited stronger heat tolerance. There are three main distinct haplotypes of <em>OsNRAMP7</em> in natural populations that are unevenly distributed across various cultivated rice regions and showed differentiation among subpopulations. This study reports for the first time the biological function of <em>NRAMP</em> family member <em>OsNRAMP7</em> in heat tolerance and lays the foundation for expanding the molecular regulation mechanism of heat tolerance in rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100870"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of ectoine and biostimulants combinations on tomato seedling growth and heat stress resilience","authors":"Yanyan Chen ,&nbsp;Weimin Xu ,&nbsp;Chuankun Han ,&nbsp;Miao Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Chen ,&nbsp;Yujia Ma ,&nbsp;Xinjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Huhu Liu ,&nbsp;Wenna Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biostimulants play a crucial role in promoting plant growth and stress tolerance. In this study, we investigated the effects of single and combined applications of ectoine (E), myo-inositol (MI), corn steep liquor (CSL), and hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on the growth and heat tolerance of tomato seedlings. Our results demonstrated that the combined application of these biostimulants significantly enhanced plant growth and physiological characteristics. Among the treatments, HCE (HRW + CSL + <em>E</em>) exhibited the most pronounced effects on root growth, increasing root length, volume, and surface area, while E and HE (HRW + <em>E</em>) demonstrated the highest phenotypic index and stress resilience under heat stress conditions. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant differences in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among treatments. The HCE treatment exhibited the highest number of DEGs, particularly in pathways related to photosynthesis, carbon fixation, plant hormone signal transduction. Functional enrichment analysis showed that H and E treatments were primarily involved in plant-pathogen interactions and hormone signaling, whereas HE and HCE treatments were associated with carbon and energy metabolism. The combined application of biostimulants demonstrated synergistic effects, enhancing multiple physiological pathways that contribute to plant heat stress adaptation. These findings provide valuable insights of the molecular mechanisms underlying biostimulant-induced growth promotion and stress resilience in tomato seedlings. The results highlight the potential of biostimulant combinations for optimizing crop production in controlled environments, offering a promising strategy for sustainable and high-efficiency agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100873"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}