Plant Stress最新文献

{"title":"Resources for genetic control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii, an impending threat to direct-seeded rice agriculture","authors":"Tushar K. Dutta ,&nbsp;Voodikala S. Akhil ,&nbsp;Bharat H. Gawade ,&nbsp;Prolay K. Bhowmick ,&nbsp;Ashok K. Singh ,&nbsp;Nagendra K. Singh ,&nbsp;Simon C. Groen","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to global climate change and water scarcity, direct-seeded rice (DSR) cultivation is increasingly being adopted in drought-prone states of India. However, greater nematode incidence is a major concern in DSR agroecosystems. In recent years, a nematode of quarantine status, <em>Meloidogyne enterolobii</em>, has developed increased virulence relative to other root-knot nematode (RKN) species in different crop plants. In the current study, we screened 40 widely grown rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em>) cultivars that suit different agroecosystems (including DSR, irrigated, and both DSR/irrigated systems) for <em>M. enterolobii</em> infectivity. <em>M. enterolobii</em> displayed a fast life cycle progression in rice with reproductive biology (deposited egg mass extruding out of the root epidermis) adaptive for aerobic rice production systems. While exploring the potential sources of resistance to <em>M. enterolobii</em> for future rice breeding programs, we identified the wild relative of rice <em>O. nivara</em> to be highly resistant to <em>M. enterolobii</em> infection. <em>O. nivara</em> carried an allele of the <em>MG1</em> gene, whose expression was upregulated strongly upon <em>M. enterolobii</em> infection. The role of <em>MG1</em> in conferring resistance to <em>M. enterolobii</em> was tested by overexpressing the allele in susceptible <em>O. sativa japonica</em> cultivar Taipei309. Since <em>M. enterolobii</em> has already spread to different states in India, it is an impending threat to rice agriculture especially in DSR practices. Our study presents useful resources for genetic control of <em>M. enterolobii</em> in DSR agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101067"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis enhances the drought tolerance of Populus cathayana by modulating glutamate and lysine metabolism","authors":"Zhihao Wang,&nbsp;Hongjian Wei,&nbsp;Jingwei Liang,&nbsp;Hui Chen,&nbsp;Wentao Hu,&nbsp;Ming Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can effectively increase plant drought tolerance by promoting nitrogen (N) uptake. However, the regulatory pathways through which AMF-induced additional N uptake affects plant drought tolerance remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the regulation of amino acid metabolic pathways in <em>Populus cathayana</em> under drought stress (DS) by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus <em>Rhizophagus irregularis</em>. We found that AM symbiosis improved chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and root system characteristics, decreased electrolyte leakage, leaf H₂O₂ content and root malondialdehyde content in <em>P. cathayana</em> under DS, increased the contents of key intermediates in the 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) pathway (leaf ALA, Proto IX, chlorophyll <em>a</em> and heme), proline synthesis pathway (root glutamate, proline, pipecolic acid, and α-aminoadipate), and associated regulatory genes (leaf <em>PcGluTR, PcPBGD, PcFECH1, PcFECH2</em> and <em>PcHO1</em>; root <em>PcLKR, PcSDH, PcP5CS1</em> and <em>PcP5CS2</em>) expression. These results indicated that AM symbiosis improved photosynthesis and alleviated the oxidative damage caused by DS, thereby increasing drought tolerance in plants. These effects are attributed to AMF inoculation promoting chlorophyll and heme synthesis by regulating the ALA pathway in glutamate metabolism in leaves and promoting the synthesis of proline, pipecolic acid, and α-aminoadipate by regulating the proline synthesis pathway in glutamate metabolism and the saccharopine pathway in lysine metabolism in the roots. These findings reveal the potential regulatory mechanisms by which AMF inoculation aids the leaves and roots of plants in coping with DS through enhanced N uptake, providing a theoretical basis for applying AMF to improve plant growth under DS conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101063"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizosphere microbiomes altered by environmental stresses and agronomic practices: Implications for plant adaptation and soil biogeochemical processes","authors":"Mingzhao Han ,&nbsp;Ying Han ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Guixiang Li ,&nbsp;Peng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The soil microbiome is increasingly recognized not merely as a respondent to its environment, but as an active engineer of soil health and plant resilience. However, while most research focuses on how agronomic practices and environmental stresses alter microbial communities, the reciprocal feedback, how these reshaped microbiomes in turn modify critical soil properties, remains a key knowledge gap. This review synthesizes recent literature to bridge this gap, systematically connecting external pressures (stresses and practices) to the resulting impacts on soil biogeochemistry via the plant-microbe nexus. Our analysis reveals three main findings: (1) Under stress, plant precisely tailor root exudate chemistry to recruit specific microbial allies capable of enhancing stress tolerance. (2) This functionally distinct microbiome then actively re-engineers the soil, measurably improving soil aggregation, carbon sequestration, and nutrient availability. (3) Agronomic practices, such as no-till and cover cropping, serve as powerful tools to steer these interactions, creating a positive feedback loop that builds long-term soil fertility. We conclude that managing this plant-microbe-soil feedback system is fundamental for developing agricultural strategies that simutaneously boost crop productivity and regenerate soil health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101062"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating PIFs and phytochromes: Key players in plant development and resilience to drought and other abiotic stresses","authors":"Sameera Karumannil ,&nbsp;Tanveer Alam Khan ,&nbsp;Waqas Rahim ,&nbsp;Jaseena Pullaniyil ,&nbsp;Anuradha T ,&nbsp;Sunil Mundra ,&nbsp;Mayank Anand Gururani","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants frequently encounter abiotic stresses, with drought being a major limitation growth and productivity. Phytochromes, the primary red/far-red light receptors, perceive environmental signals and initiate downstream responses. Phytochrome-Interacting Factors (PIFs) act as key regulators by linking light signaling with hormonal pathways, particularly abscisic acid (ABA), to control stomatal conductance, antioxidant activity, and osmotic balance. PIFs contribute to drought tolerance by modulating stress-responsive gene expression and coordinating growth with adaptation. Isoform-specific roles have been observed in different species; for instance, <em>NtPIF1</em> negatively affects drought tolerance in tobacco, whereas <em>MdPIF3</em> enhances drought resistance in apple and Arabidopsis. These contrasting functions highlight the complexity of PIF-mediated stress regulation. Crosstalk with other hormone such as ethylene, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and salicylic acid further shapes PIF activity and drought responses. This review highlights the role of phytochromes and PIFs in drought responses, their integration with ABA and other hormonal pathways, and their potential as targets to enhance crop resilience under adverse environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101061"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZmLBD1 confers multi-abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis by enhancing root growth","authors":"Baba Salifu Yahaya ,&nbsp;Liya Huang ,&nbsp;Zexing Tang ,&nbsp;Huiyuan Peng ,&nbsp;Dengke Shi ,&nbsp;Bing He ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Yuxin Xie ,&nbsp;Zhanmei Zhou ,&nbsp;Ling Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Wang ,&nbsp;Yanli Lu ,&nbsp;Fengkai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lateral organ boundary domain (LBD) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors (TFs), featuring a highly conserved N-terminal lateral organ boundary (LOB) domain and a variable C-terminal region. Initially recognized as key regulators of organ development in plants, recent studies have rarely expanded their role to include stress response regulation. In this study, we isolated a maize protein ZmLBD1 and expressed it in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>. While <em>ZmLBD1</em> transcript levels remained consistent across wild-type (WT) and transgenic plants under low inorganic phosphate (Pi), NaCl, and drought stress, its protein accumulation increased in response to these stresses over time. <em>ZmLBD1</em> transgenic <em>Arabidopsis</em> exhibited enhanced tolerance to low Pi, NaCl, and drought stress, with improved root development. Under low Pi conditions, transgenic plants showed higher leaf and root Pi content and increased transcript levels of <em>PHO2</em>. Additionally, transgenic plants displayed better drought tolerance traits, including reduced leaf wilting and curling, higher chlorophyll fluorescence (<em>Fv/Fm</em>), and lower ion leakage. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR revealed that <em>PGIP1</em> was significantly upregulated under low Pi, NaCl, and drought stress transgenic plants, with ZmLBD1 binding to the ABRE motif in the promoter of <em>PGIP1</em> to enhance its transcription. Protein interaction studies showed that ZmLBD1 interacts with ZmCDC48, which mediates ZmLBD1 degradation and affects its activity. Taken together, our findings indicate that <em>ZmLBD1</em> is a versatile gene with potential for developing crops with improved tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101054"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-specific expression and genome-wide analysis of RALF gene family in pea (Pisum sativum L.) under different stresses","authors":"Xiwang Xu ,&nbsp;Yue Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenkun Bai ,&nbsp;Li Jia ,&nbsp;Chaoran Yu ,&nbsp;Mohsin Tanveer ,&nbsp;Sergey Shabala ,&nbsp;Liping Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) gene family plays a crucial role in plant growth, development, and stress responses, yet its characterization in pea (<em>Pisum sativum</em> L.), an agronomically important legume, remains limited. This study identified eight <em>PsRALF</em> genes in the pea genome, phylogenetically clustered into 8 distinct groups, and analyzed their structural features, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns under various abiotic stresses. Chromosomal localization and collinearity analyses revealed both conserved and lineage-specific duplication events, while promoter analysis identified stress- and hormone-responsive <em>cis</em>-elements, suggesting their roles in stress adaptation. Under abiotic stress conditions such as drought, salinity, and aluminum toxicity, <em>PsRALF2</em> exhibits significant upregulation, highlighting the potential of this gene as a stress-responsive candidate. Subcellular localization predictions indicate that members of this family are predominantly localized extracellularly, with one member targeted to the chloroplast, suggesting that they may possess diverse functional roles. Additionally, All analyzed PsRALFs possesed prion-like domain (PrD) features with varying prominence, suggesting their potential to drive protein aggregation or liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) that may mechanistically regulate signaling functions. These findings provide foundational insights into the <em>PsRALF</em> family, offering valuable targets for breeding climate-resilient pea varieties to enhance sustainable agriculture and meet the growing demand for plant-based proteins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101056"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis reveals changes in lignin metabolism and hormonal regulation in Acacia melanoxylon stems under low boron stress","authors":"Zhaoli Chen ,&nbsp;Bingshan Zeng ,&nbsp;Wenen Ding ,&nbsp;Linlin Shen ,&nbsp;Mengjiao Chen ,&nbsp;Bing Hu ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Acacia melanoxylon</em>, a valuable and versatile evergreen tree species, plays a critical ecological and economic role; but its molecular and metabolic responses to boron stress have yet to be completely elucidated. In this paper, we investigated the response mechanisms of one-year-old <em>A. melanoxylon</em> stems to chronic low boron stress imposed continuously throughout their first year of growth, using integrated physiological, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and hormonal analyses. Low boron stress significantly reduced tree height and average internode length while increasing the number of dead branches. It also induced significant increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidant enzyme activity, alongside pronounced anatomical and compositional changes in <em>A. melanoxylon</em> stems. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed significant enrichment of genes and metabolites linked to phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in <em>A. melanoxylon</em> stems under low boron stress. Furthermore, hormonal analyses further identified reduced auxin levels alongside increases in abscisic acid, cytokinin, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid. The alterations in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, coupled with shifts in hormonal homeostasis are key responses that contribute to internode shortening in <em>A. melanoxylon</em> under low boron stress, facilitating the emergence of lateral branches on the main stem. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms by which woody plants adapt to low boron stress through the interaction between secondary metabolites and hormones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101058"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of Vicia faba light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein (Lhc) revealed the roles of VfLhcb1.5, VfLhcb3.3, VfLhcb4, and VfLhca4 in photosynthesis and stress tolerance","authors":"Ting Huang ,&nbsp;Limeng Dong ,&nbsp;Shuo Han ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Han ,&nbsp;Junliang Yin ,&nbsp;Lu Hou ,&nbsp;Yujiao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In addition to its indispensable role in photosynthesis, <u>L</u>ight-<u>h</u>arvesting <u>c</u>hlorophyll a/b binding protein (Lhc) is also involved in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the specific roles of <em>Vicia faba</em> VfLhcs in photosynthesis and stress tolerance remain unclear. Here, <em>in silico</em> analysis and <em>in vivo</em> assays were conducted to investigate the characteristics and functions of VfLhcs. Phylogenetic analysis grouped 23 <em>VfLhcs</em> into three subfamilies. Their promoter regions were enriched with cis-elements responsive to light, plant hormones, abiotic stress, and plant growth and development. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that <em>VfLhcs</em> were highly expressed in chlorophyll-containing tissues and exhibited stress-specific regulation. Drought stress (20 % PEG-6000, 72 h) induced a 4.9- to 50.1-fold upregulation in roots, whereas salt stress (200 mM NaCl, 72 h) and darkness (0 h light/24 h dark, 72 h) reduced expression by 93.0–99.3 % and 78.2–100.0 %, respectively. Confocal microscopy confirmed that VfLhcs were localized in chloroplasts. Overexpression of <em>VfLhcb1.5, VfLhcb3.3</em>, and <em>VfLhcb4</em> increased chlorophyll content by 20.0 -35.7 %, which in turn enhanced the net photosynthetic rate by 13.5–23.1 %. Under various stress conditions, <em>VfLhcb1.5, VfLhcb4</em>, and <em>VfLhca4</em> promoted significant over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupting ROS homeostasis. While this enhanced response improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, it paradoxically facilitated infection by the pathogen <em>Phytophthora infestans</em>, suggesting that these genes may act as susceptibility factors under biotic stress. In conclusion, this comprehensive analysis of <em>VfLhcs</em> highlights their roles in photosynthesis and responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses, providing a foundation for further exploration of their functional mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101052"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering heat-enhanced resistance of grapevine berries to Botrytis cinerea highlights differential cuticular and secondary metabolite accumulations between Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon","authors":"Erwan Chavonet ,&nbsp;Cathleen Mirande-Ney ,&nbsp;Sarah Bernardo ,&nbsp;Clément Guinand ,&nbsp;Ghislain Delestre ,&nbsp;Xi Zhan ,&nbsp;Josep Valls Fonayet ,&nbsp;Sylvain Prigent ,&nbsp;Pierre Van Delft ,&nbsp;Stéphanie Pascal ,&nbsp;Jérôme Joubès ,&nbsp;David Lecourieux ,&nbsp;Marc Fermaud ,&nbsp;Frédéric Domergue","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of climate change, temperature is a key abiotic driver of bunch microclimate, which, in order to reduce <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> development, is often managed in vineyards <em>via</em> practices such as leaf removal. The heat-dependent mechanisms of pathogen resistance in grapevines nevertheless remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, the effect of heat stress (HS) applied specifically to green bunches on infections caused by <em>B. cinerea</em> on ripe berries inoculated 23 days later was assessed for two years in a greenhouse. Bunches of the Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) and Merlot (M) cultivars were heated 6 days 8 h daily with a 10 °C increased temperature. <em>In vitro</em> bio tests highlighted a significant heat-enhanced resistance only in CS berries, whereas a stable constitutive resistance characterized the M berries. Bunch veraison and total sugar content were not affected by HS, rejecting its effect on maturation dynamics. Therefore, berry preformed barriers at the time of inoculation, which can hinder fungal colonization, were investigated. While HS had nearly no effect on waxes, it significantly affected the cutin content in both varieties, and more significantly its composition in CS. Similarly, the antifungal skin condensed tannins overaccumulated following HS in both cultivars, and their basal level was greater in CS than in M. Otherwise, M accumulated more stilbene and flavonoid compounds, which may have contributed to the observed varietal resistance. Finally, untargeted metabolomic data revealed a range of compounds modulated by HS in CS as potential candidates involved in resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101051"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethylene–potassium interactions safeguard ionic balance, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and source–sink metabolism to sustain wheat growth and yield responses under salt stress","authors":"Sayeda Khatoon,&nbsp;Moksh Mahajan,&nbsp;M.Iqbal R. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.101049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Significant reduction in crop yields has been caused due to salt-impacted agricultural soils. In order to meet hunger requirements, significant solutions are required for speeding up agricultural production even in salt-impacted soils. As salt stress reduces the uptake of potassium (K⁺), replenishing the K⁺ nutrition may serve as a tolerance mechanism. The present study investigated the different K⁺ levels (low, optimum, and excess) along with a stress hormone, ethylene in modulating plant responses under salt stress. The results demonstrated that the interplay of ethylene and K⁺ significantly altered salt induced inhibition through improved K⁺retention, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and source-sink metabolism to protect growth and yield traits. Additionally, ethylene and K⁺ improved key pathways such as defense machinery, nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis along with secondary metabolites (lignin, cellulose, flavonoid and phenol) to overcome salt-induced adversities. The impacts posed by the interplay between ethylene and different K⁺ levels depicted a variable mitigation of salt induced adversities. Conclusively, ethylene and optimum K⁺ treatment best excruciated the salt-inhibited responses. Supplementation of norbonadiene (NBD, ethylene action inhibitor) further confirmed the role of interplay between ethylene and differential K⁺ concentrations in mediating the salt stress responses. The present study pose as a significant strategy towards cultivar development programs to counter salt-inhibited constraints and paves way to ensure crop security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 101049"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}