Plant Stress最新文献

{"title":"Mitigating cypermethrin stress in Amaranthus hybridus L.: Efficacy of foliar-applied salicylic acid on growth, enzyme activity, and metabolite profiles","authors":"Arun Kumar,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Anita Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aimed to evaluate the role of foliar-applied salicylic acid (SA) (5-50 µM) in mitigating the effects of cypermethrin (CYP) stress on <em>Amaranthus hybridus</em> L., at its recommended (100 PPM) and double dose (200 PPM). CYP application at recommended dose proliferated the growth of the crop, while the double dose affected negatively. SA boosted the performance of the CYP-treated plants by reducing oxidative radical formation via increasing the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione <em>s</em>-transferase, dehydroascorbate reductase, ascorbate, and proline. SA increased photosynthetic activity by increasing the leaf area, chlorophyll content and regulating the level of intracellular CO₂, stomatal conductance, and transpiration in the CYP-treated plants. The fresh weight of the crop showed maximal increase with 10 µM SA (57 %) at recommended dose and with 20 µM SA (36.8 %) at double dose of CYP. Additionally, CYP residues showed maximum decline with 10 µM and 20 µM SA application in 100P and 200P plants, respectively. UHPLC-MS analysis showed increased levels of crucial secondary metabolites such as antheraxanthin, violaxanthin, kaempferol, rutin, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, trigonelline, coumarin, scoparone, esculin, caryophyllene oxide, jasmonal with SA supplementation at 10 µM with 100P and at 20 µM with 200P treatments. The observed changes in enzyme activities, physiology and metabolite profiles underscore the potential of SA in mitigating pesticide-induced stress and enhancing plant growth and health. This study could further be explored in future by combining SA with other phytohormones and applying omics approaches could enhance crop resilience across diverse environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100673"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fascinating role of nanosilica in mitigating drought and nutrient stress – A review","authors":"Bekkam Rakesh ,&nbsp;Chitdeshwari T ,&nbsp;Mohanapriya G","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress is a major global challenge that severely impacts plant growth, photosynthesis and nutrient uptake, leading to significant yield losses. This necessitates the need for developing new agricultural technologies and one such advancement is nanotechnology. Recently, nanosilica has gained importance due to its significant role in mitigating drought and nutrient stress. The foliar/soil application and seed priming with nanosilica has shown to have positive impacts on plants under drought and nutrient stress by modulating morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters. This review aims to explore the impact of nanosilica in enhancing drought and nutrient stress tolerance in plants by demonstrating its beneficial effects on growth, gas exchange attributes, plant water status, membrane stability, antioxidant activity and silicon mediated uptake of nutrients. Further it also provides an overview of recent developments in nanosilica nutrition of crops and suggests future research directions to understand the role of nanosilica in alleviating drought and nutrient stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100672"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the role of biopriming and nanopriming on the morphometric, biochemical, and yield parameters of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under drought stress","authors":"Simran Rani ,&nbsp;Priyanka Dahiya ,&nbsp;Aarzoo Sharma ,&nbsp;Yash Vashisth ,&nbsp;Kiran Arora ,&nbsp;Amita Suneja Dang ,&nbsp;Pooja Suneja","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated drought mitigation potential of biopriming with plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPEBs) and nanopriming with their biological copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and chemical CuNPs under polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) induced moderate (MD-5%) and severe drought (SD-10%) in chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum</em> L.). The crop harvested at 15 DDS (Days to drought stress) was analysed for morphometric and biochemical parameters of drought tolerant (DT), BG-4958 and drought sensitive (DS), ICC-1882 chickpea varieties. In morphometric traits of DT variety, N₁X led 384% increase in shoot dry weight (SDW) under MD while B₂ in root dry weight (RDW) under SD (418%). For DS variety, N₂X led 444% and 727% increase in SDW (MD) and RDW (SD), respectively. Amongst biochemical parameters, maximum increment was noticed in total chlorophyll content (TCC) by B₁ under MD (703%) as well as SD (1206%) in DT variety. B₁ also led highest increment (758%) in TCC of DS variety under SD while B₂ under MD (300%). B₂ resulted in 242% increment in total soluble carbohydrates (TSC) and 47% increase in total protein content (TPC) of DS variety under SD. N₁X and N₁Y led 318% and 100% increase in the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD) of DS variety. This variety exhibiting pronounced response was subjected to correlation analysis revealing highest correlation amongst morpho-biochemical traits under SD. Score plot in principal component analysis (PCA) of DS variety showed that biopriming and N₁X having higher score values for PC₂ mainly influenced by biochemical parameters also improved the yield parameters to a greater extent as analyzed on 120 DDS. Harvesting index, the ultimate indicator of the agricultural output remained insignificant in DT variety. On the other hand, B₂ and N₁X led highest harvesting indices under MD (94%) and SD (69%), respectively, in DS variety, owing to their higher grain yield than biological yield and higher score values influencing biochemical parameters under stress. The present study provides insights into the beneficial role of PGPEBs and biosynthesized CuNPs in mitigating the adverse effects of drought in chickpea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100675"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An insight to strategical responses of particulate pollution in plants: From phenome to genome","authors":"Soumya Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Mamun Mandal ,&nbsp;Mrinalini Kakkar ,&nbsp;Ganapati Basak ,&nbsp;Nasrin Banu Khan ,&nbsp;Ranadhir Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Robert Popek ,&nbsp;Abhijit Sarkar ,&nbsp;Chandan Barman","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particulate matter (PM) is an extremely overlooked air pollutant with drastic effects on the biome, owing to the industrial and agricultural advancements, significantly exacerbating global environmental contamination levels. The altered atmosphere in urban settings due to PM pollution profoundly influences plants' morphological, physiochemical state and allied responses. PM exposure leads to drastic decrease in plant-height, phytomass, leaf number, leaf length and productivity. PM change the epicuticular wax patterns, penetrates plant tissue through stomata, and denatures the chloroplast pigmentation. It changes leaves' light absorption and reflection patterns, weakening the total radiation that reaches the chlorophyll antenna and ultimately reducing the photosynthetic rate and electron transport chain. Consequently, this alters plants morphology like wax deposits, thick epidermis, and long trichomes near stomata. Moreover, PM stress also adversely effects gluconeogenesis, amino acid biosynthesis, TCA cycle, and photorespiration-associated gene expression. Several transcription factors, such as <em>MYB, C3H</em>, and <em>G2</em>-homologues, are activated as a collective stress response. Additionally, ascorbic acid, proline and soluble sugars accumulate and several antioxidants are produced to scavenge the PM-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). This review aims to document plants' various responses to PM pollution in their respective eco-geographic settings and investigate ways used by plants to mitigate PM pollution. We also enumerate the consequences of PM pollution on plants and the corresponding phenomic and genetic mechanisms through which plants adapt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100671"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought-mediated oxidative stress and its scavenging differ between citrus hybrids with medium and late fruit maturation","authors":"Jin Jia,&nbsp;Mingjiong Zhao,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Caixin Xue,&nbsp;Zhuyuan Xia,&nbsp;Bin Hu,&nbsp;Heinz Rennenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress is a major environmental factor limiting citrus productivity. Still, differences in drought sensitivity between citrus hybrids of different maturation periods have so far not been reported. Here, we selected a medium-maturing (Fertile orange: FO (<em>Citrus reticulata</em> cv. Fertile orange) and a late-maturing citrus hybrid (Newhall Navel orange: NO (<em>Citrus sinensis</em> Osbeck cv. Newhall) and determined the physiological and biochemical traits of leaves, roots, wood and bark. Our results showed that drought significantly decreased net photosynthetic rate (<em>Pn</em>), stomatal conductance (<em>Gs</em>) and transpiration rate (<em>Tr</em>) of citrus leaves. Oxidative stress upon drought was indicated by enhanced foliar malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide contents, as well as a stimulation of the anti-oxidative system. This stimulation included the contents of dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in leaves, roots, wood and bark, as well as activities of antioxidative enzymes of glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). The late maturing NO hybrid not only showed better general physiological performance as indicated by increased <em>Pn</em> in leaves, but also higher biochemical ROS scavenging and osmotic capacity as indicated by increased ascorbic acids (ASA), DHA, and proline contents, as well as activities of enzymes of SOD, POD, ASA/DHA and GSH/GSSG ratios in the investigated tissues compared to the FO hybrid under drought and control conditions. Analysis of molecular mechanisms of signaling, regulatory and functional genes expression are suggested for future studies to elucidate the complex interplay of molecular, biochemical and physiological responses of citrus hybrids to drought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100670"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C and N allocation on wheat under the effects of depleted, current and elevated [CO2] are modulated by water availability","authors":"Salvador Aljazairi ,&nbsp;Brigen Manikan ,&nbsp;Xavier Serrat ,&nbsp;Salvador Nogués","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although elevated atmospheric [CO₂] has substantial indirect effects on vegetation carbon uptake via associated climate change, their dynamics remain unclear. The carbon and nitrogen allocation and partitioning in durum wheat were compared at different [CO₂] and different water availability. The aim of this study was to investigate how the impacts of depleted and elevated [CO₂] driven climate change on Mediterranean wheat plants under drought conditions. For that reason, double stable isotope labelling using ¹³CO₂ and ¹⁵NH₄–¹⁵NO₃ was conducted to follow ¹³C and ¹⁵N allocation and partitioning in the different plant organs. Plants were studied in growth chambers under three different CO₂ environments (depleted, current and elevated) and two water availability conditions (well-watered and mild-water-stress). Isotopic ¹³C and ¹⁵N determination, gas exchange analyses and growth parameters were measured.</div><div>We show that plants subjected to depleted and elevated [CO₂] suffered up and down regulation of photosynthesis respectively, but their responses were both modulated by water availability. Depleted [CO₂] and drought reduced plant biomass. However, elevated [CO₂], show that the initial positive effect of elevated [CO₂] on carbon uptake declined rapidly, showing a consequence of physiological acclimation and the inhibition of [Rubisco] and activity, this effect was more evident in combination with drought. In both cases, depleted [CO₂] and elevated [CO₂] condition modified the C and N allocation compared with current [CO₂], overall combined with drought.</div><div>These results obtained highlight the different C and N management strategies of wheat and provide relevant information about the potential response of plants under global climate change conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100663"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histochemical and gene expression changes in Cannabis sativa hypocotyls exposed to increasing concentrations of cadmium and zinc","authors":"Roberto Berni ,&nbsp;Jean-Francois Hausman ,&nbsp;Stanley Lutts ,&nbsp;Gea Guerriero","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemp (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L.) is a versatile crop that produces cellulosic bast fibres used in textiles and biocomposites. Is also finds use in phytoremediation, being a good candidate for the cultivation on marginal lands, such as those contaminated by heavy metals (HMs). HMs like cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) are known to affect plant growth and impair the biosynthesis of cellulose and lignin at the cell wall level. Since cellulose is the major component in the gelatinous layer of bast fibres, HMs can impact the structure of hemp fibres and, consequently, their mechanical properties. This study investigates how varying concentrations of Cd and Zn in the soil affect the bast fibres of hemp plantlets. The chosen model is the hypocotyl, as it is ideal for studying bast fibre development: it exhibits a temporal separation between the elongation and thickening phases within a short period of approximately three weeks. <em>C. sativa</em> plantlets were grown for 20 days, and the hypocotyls sampled to perform histochemical observations, gene expression analysis, as well as to quantify biomass yield and Cd/Zn accumulation. Hemp plantlets grown in soils with the three highest Zn concentrations were smaller than the control group, whereas no decrease in size was observed under elevated Cd concentrations. However, at the highest Cd concentration, the root system exhibited enhanced development, accompanied by a significant increase in dry weight across all the concentrations tested. The quantification of Cd and Zn showed that the roots were the main organs accumulating HMs. Cd at the two highest concentrations decreased significantly the lumen area of bast fibres and increased their cell wall thickness. Zn decreased significantly the lumen area, but it did not impact the thickness of the cell wall at the highest concentration. Cd also increased the number of secondary fibres. Immunohistochemistry highlighted a different pattern of crystalline cellulose distribution with a signal that was less homogeneous in the presence of Cd and Zn. Gene expression analysis revealed changes in transcripts encoding cellulose synthases, fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins, class III peroxidases. The results obtained shed light on the molecular response and bast fibre histological changes occurring in young hemp plants exposed to Cd and Zn.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100668"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice sucrose non-fermenting related protein kinase (SnRK1) has a limited role in defense against Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)","authors":"Devi Balakrishnan ,&nbsp;Vibha Srivastava ,&nbsp;Rupesh Kariyat","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sucrose non-fermenting (SNF) related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) is a master regulator of energy deprivation signaling, has also been implicated in abiotic and biotic stress regulation. SnRK1 promotes stress tolerance through metabolic and transcriptional changes and plays important roles in innate immunity against various pathogens. However, whether it plays a role against insect herbivory is not understood. To test this, using the wild type (with SnRK1) and snrk1 mutant lines in rice, we examined the potential role of SnRK1 in rice against the ruinous pest, Fall armyworm (FAW), <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>. We also investigated the response of FAW towards these lines at different time intervals after exogenous application of plant hormone, Jasmonic acid (JA), and a JA blocker (Ibuprofen). Additional experiments by feeding FAW with leaf infused diet, fresh leaves, and a short-term exposure of FAW to the lines were also carried out. FAW mass gain, growth and development, and host ecophysiological traits were observed. In addition, we also quantified the major surface defenses- trichomes, and wax before and after herbivory. Our results show that FAW response did not vary between mutants and wild type rice. Meanwhile, we found plant hormonal application influenced the ecophysiological traits regardless of mutants and wild type rice. Collectively, we show that while defense against FAW in rice is JA mediated, SnRK1 has a limited role as observed through manipulative experiments with the wild type and snrk1 mutant rice lines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100667"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological mechanisms regulating source-sink interactions and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat","authors":"Najeeb Ullah,&nbsp;Malik Adil Nawaz,&nbsp;Mohammed Alsafran","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and increasing atmospheric temperatures significantly challenge global wheat productivity and food security. Unpredictable weather patterns and frequent heatwaves, particularly during reproductive and grain-filling phases of wheat crops significantly reduce grain yield and quality. This review examines current literature on the impact of heat intensity and duration on grain yield components during these sensitive growth phases. Using the published literature, we quantified grain yield losses in response to varying heat intensity and duration during different developmental phases of wheat crops. The data suggest that grain number loss in wheat is poorly correlated with heat intensity and timing (0 to 15 days before anthesis) alone but it strongly responds (<em>r</em>²=0.45) to the number of hot days, with a 0.2 % loss of grains for each additional hot day with a temperature above optimum (16–22 °C). Further, for every 1 °C increase in mean temperature above optimum during sensitive phases (from -5 to 15 days since anthesis), individual grain weight decreases by approximately 2.1 %. This review also discusses how changes in source-sink regulation, particularly carbon assimilation, storage, transport and sugar metabolism in wheat under terminal heat are associated with grain yield losses. It also identifies the research gaps in heat wheat interaction, discussing potential opportunities (e.g., breeding and management) for sustaining wheat production under future hot environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roots of resistance: Unraveling microbiome-driven plant immunity","authors":"Dhananjaya Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;Sudarshan Maurya ,&nbsp;Lovkush Satnami ,&nbsp;Renu ,&nbsp;Ratna Prabha ,&nbsp;Birinchi K. Sarma ,&nbsp;Nagendra Rai","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intricate interplay between microbiome and plant immunity represents a frontier in plant biology with significant implications for agriculture and ecosystem management. This review explores intricate relationship between plant immunity and the microbiome, highlighting its significance in addressing current agricultural and environmental challenges. The plant immune system, comprising pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), plays crucial role in shaping microbial communities in the rhizosphere. Phytohormones such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene are the key modulators of plant defenses and contribute to rhizosphere microbiome composition. The concept of defense priming and plant immune memory emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing crop resilience against phytopathogens and environmental stresses. Root exudates and plant defense signatures actively influence rhizosphere microbiome structure, establishing a bidirectional relationship between plants and their microbial partners. This interaction is particularly relevant in the context of climate change, where plants face increasing biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding and leveraging these complex interactions holds promise for developing more sustainable agricultural practices, reducing reliance on chemical inputs, and ensuring food security in the face of global challenges. We have stressed upon the importance of viewing the plant-soil-microbiome system as an integrated unit or holobiont. As agriculture grapples with the challenges of feeding a growing population under changing environmental conditions, harnessing the power of plant-microbiome interactions presents a promising strategy for improving food security and promoting ecosystem health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100661"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}