Fundamental Research最新文献

{"title":"Iron isotopic fractionation by magmatic-hydrothermal fluid-melt interaction in the Himalayan leucogranites","authors":"Yikang Quan ,&nbsp;Xia Hu ,&nbsp;Dingsheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhaoqi Ren ,&nbsp;Jiaru Sheng ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Yan ,&nbsp;Yan Jing ,&nbsp;Zhikai Xu ,&nbsp;Fang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron (Fe) isotopes have been used to trace magmatic evolution (e.g., mineral fractional crystallization, partial melting degree, and fluid exsolution), but the behavior of Fe isotopes in magmatic-hydrothermal processes remains poorly constrained. Here we report Fe isotope compositions of the Kampa leucogranites from the Himalayan orogenic belt to understand the fluid-melt interaction and rare metal enrichment in highly-evolved granites. The Nb/Ta ratio divides samples into two groups: group 1 with high Nb/Ta ratios while group 2 with low Nb/Ta ratios. The δ⁵⁶Fe of group 1 leucogranites range from 0.14‰ to 0.23‰, isotopically heavier than the average upper continental crust value, indicative of the residues from fractional crystallization. On the contrary, the group 2 leucogranites exhibit large range of δ⁵⁶Fe from −0.21‰ to 0.21‰. The correlations between fluid-mobile/fluid-immobile element ratios, and iron isotope, and tetrad effect were attributed to the effect of magmatic-hydrothermal fluid-melt interaction during magma evolution. A fluid-melt interaction model with an initial δ⁵⁶Fe of -0.4‰ for the fluid and a fractionation factor Δ⁵⁶Fe_fluid-melt of −0.35‰ successfully explains the observed Fe isotope data. It is likely that these magmatic-hydrothermal fluids are derived from exsolution from the underlying magma reservoirs in the middle crust, which can modify the Fe isotope compositions and bring abundant rare metal elements into the leucogranites. Therefore, Fe isotope data can reveal the properties of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids and serve as an indicator for ore-forming processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2133-2141"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards the generation of polycarpic perennial rapeseeds","authors":"Dong Zhai ,&nbsp;Xiao-Li Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Bao ,&nbsp;Zhi Zhu ,&nbsp;Yan-Fei Mao ,&nbsp;Jia-Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perennial crops are increasingly recognized as a sustainable agricultural solution that provides significant advantages over annual crops, including reduced seed input and management cost, improved agronomic traits and soil health, and enhanced resource use efficiency. The current strategies for breeding perennial crops include traditional selection methods, interspecific hybridization, and <em>de novo</em> domestication using genome-editing technologies. A promising new approach involves leveraging perennial genes from wild relatives to develop these crops. In the past twenty years, researchers have successfully identified the genes responsible for polycarpic flowering behaviors in the Brassicaceae family. In this Perspective, we outline a roadmap for generating perennial <em>Brassica napus</em> (rapeseed) based on these findings. We believe that further investigation into the genetic mechanisms underlying perennial syndrome is crucial for enhancing the environmental benefits of perennial crops, which will ultimately support sustainable agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2034-2036"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving impact-buffered compressible batteries through 3D printing-assisted design of negative Poisson's ratio structural electrodes","authors":"Yunlong Li ,&nbsp;Xihai Ni ,&nbsp;Shijun Zhu ,&nbsp;Jiaming Li ,&nbsp;Chi Guo ,&nbsp;Mengli Li ,&nbsp;Jiani Gong ,&nbsp;Xianglin Zhou ,&nbsp;Ji Lang ,&nbsp;Qiang Gao ,&nbsp;Jiawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunfei Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiyang Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deformable batteries with compressive and impact-buffered abilities are essential for enhancing battery safety. However, existing compressible electrodes often face limited physical deformation and generate high stress, leading to package bulges of batteries. Here, we present a metamaterial-inspired design to develop negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) structural electrodes using a directional freezing 3D printing-assisted strategy. This approach incorporates both macroscopic NPR structures and microscopic directional porous structures, which enhances ion transport, improves compressibility and provides impact resistance, effectively preventing package bulges during compression. Consequently, the electrodes demonstrate a high 50% compressible deformation and recover their original state even after 50 cycles of 25% compression. The 3D-printed lithium iron phosphate cathodes deliver a high average specific capacity of 153 mAh/g over 100 cycles and exhibit outstanding rate capability. Furthermore, the assembled full cell maintains both excellent compressibility and impact-buffered resistance, highlighting its potential applications. This innovative design of NPR metamaterial-structured electrodes provides a universal platform for developing the next generation of impact-buffered, compressible structural batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2248-2255"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of island integrated energy system based on marine renewable energy","authors":"Wen Zhao ,&nbsp;Bohong Wang ,&nbsp;Ting Pan ,&nbsp;Yujie Chen ,&nbsp;Hengcong Tao ,&nbsp;Baoying Guo ,&nbsp;Petar Sabev Varbanov ,&nbsp;Jinshu Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating marine renewable energy (MRE) with conventional energy sources and logically constructing island energy systems is crucial for alleviating island energy supply challenges and helping coastal energy systems achieve a sustainable, low-carbon transition. In this study, the status of marine energy utilisation technologies is reviewed, with a focus on advancements in energy conversion equipment, grid integration, and energy storage. The economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of marine energy systems are comparatively analysed to enhance the development and utilisation of marine energy technology while reducing the economic cost of power generation. Suitable equipment is highlighted for islands, with efficient energy generation strategies proposed to achieve cleaner, localised, and cost-effective island integrated energy system (IIES) design. Island energy facilities vary, and integrated development is crucial for building new energy systems. Based on the types and resources of island energy, IIESs are constructed for hierarchical energy utilisation and multi-energy coupling, coordinating resources to achieve source–grid–load–storage integration. The optimisation of IIESs is reviewed, with a focus on modelling methods, intelligent algorithm development, and system simulation. This study differs from previous research as it considers the integration of marine energy into existing systems to achieve comprehensive integration of multiple energy sources. Additionally, optimisation and solution methods for IIES models are summarised. To integrate complex, multivariable energy systems and create stable and predictable outputs, marine energy and load forecasting methods are explored. Overall, this study supports the advancement of marine energy utilisation, focusing on its progressive integration into island energy systems as the efficiency of marine energy improves. This work aims to inspire the development of new functions and modules based on existing system optimisation and forecasting techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2161-2179"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase gene OsMDH8.2 is involved in heat tolerance","authors":"Min Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhang Chen ,&nbsp;Ebenezer Ottopah Ansah ,&nbsp;Wangmenghan Peng ,&nbsp;Lifeng Huang ,&nbsp;Fei Xiong ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Gynheung An ,&nbsp;Wenfei Wang ,&nbsp;Yunfei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Convergent and divergent evolution lead to plants with stronger adaptability to higher temperatures, thus averting crop biomass yield reductions. NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH) is a redox-regulated enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reduction of oxaloacetate to malate. The sole NADP-MDH gene in rice, <em>OsMDH8.2</em>, is expressed in mesophyll cells of photosynthetic organs and various sink tissues. However, it is unknown whether NADP-MDH functions in heat stress in rice. We characterized a transgenic <em>OsMDH8.2</em> overexpression line under thermal stress treatment (40 °C). The transgenic line exhibited better adaptability to heat stress than the wild type; it better maintained biomass and a lower surface temperature through stomatal closure, and photosynthetic activity was less affected. OsMDH8.2 was found to affect peroxidase activity by reducing the hydrogen peroxide content in flag leaves after 3 and 5 days of thermal stress. Analysis results of <em>OsMDH8.2</em> knockout lines confirmed that <em>OsMDH8.2</em> contributes to heat tolerance. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses demonstrated that OsMDH8.2 plays a key role in energy homeostasis by reducing tricarboxylic acid cycle activity while inducing the glyoxylate cycle to produce more energy, and by regulating amino acid metabolism to rescue heat-stress damage. Collectively, these results suggest that OsMDH8.2 enhances glyoxylate cycle efficiency, resulting in lower carbon dioxide release into the environment through stomatal closure, providing an excellent strategy for improving plant heat tolerance through genetic engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2037-2044"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139631255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic single-molecule imaging by the confinement methods in advanced microscopy","authors":"Jiale Feng ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Ma ,&nbsp;Bin Song ,&nbsp;Boyuan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atomic single-molecule imaging has drawn extensive attention for exploring different behaviors and properties of small molecules. However, current techniques still face challenges, due to the thermal activity and beam sensitivity of small molecules. Recently, ångström-level spatial resolution for single molecules was successfully demonstrated using different imaging methods, including scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, cryogenic and transmission electron microscopy. In this perspective, we focus on different confinement strategies in these single-molecule imaging techniques, and summarize the recent studies of the structures and behaviors of single molecules. Especially, a new concept of spatial confinement at room temperature has been achieved by using microporous materials, such as zeolites, which has made it possible to fix and visualize the configurations of single molecule inside channels. In outlook, we describe what progress we can make along such a confinement strategy, and what new perspectives and discoveries we may find beyond our imagination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2199-2203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell epigenomics and proteomics methods integrated in multiomics","authors":"Haiyue Bi ,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The meticulous examination of the genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic, and proteomic landscapes, conducted at the precise resolution of single cells, has emerged as an indispensable instrument for comprehending the inherent mechanisms governing cellular heterogeneity. These methodologies have provided unprecedented insights into the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that underlie cellular morphological characteristics and differentiated functions. Within this field, multimodal techniques that concurrently analyze the epigenetic features of chromatin or cellular proteins and gene expression within an identical cell delineate intricate gene regulatory networks and phenotypes, thereby enhancing our understanding of cellular states during differentiation or pathological conditions. These techniques can be applied to identify cell subpopulations, infer cell developmental trajectories, and analyze patterns of cell-to-cell communication. In this context, we initiate by delineating the singular cell separation techniques employed in single-cell multiomics. Subsequently, we narrow our focus to methodologies amalgamating epigenetic features with gene expression at single-cell resolution. The epigenetic features entail DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility, histone modifications, chromatin conformation, and transcription factors. Following this, we discuss techniques for the conjoint analysis of cell surface and intracellular proteins in tandem with the transcriptome. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities that manifest within this field, contributing to its continued advancement and exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 1988-2002"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical review on prognostics for stochastic degrading systems under big data","authors":"Huiqin Li,&nbsp;Xiaosheng Si,&nbsp;Zhengxin Zhang,&nbsp;Tianmei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As one of the key technologies to maintain the safety and reliability of stochastic degrading systems, remaining useful life (RUL) prediction, also known as prognostics, has been attached great importance in recent years. Particularly, with the rapid development of industrial 4.0 and internet-of-things (IoT), prognostics for stochastic degrading systems under big data have been paid much attention in recent years and various prognosis methods have been reported. However, there has not been a critical review particularly focused on the strengths and weaknesses of these methods to provoke the new ideas for the prognostics research. To fill this gap, facing the realistic demand of prognostics of stochastic degrading systems under the background of big data, this paper profoundly analyzes the basic research ideas, development trends, and common problems of various data-driven prognostics methods, mainly including statistical data-driven methods, machine learning (ML) based methods, hybrid prognostics of statistical data-driven methods and ML based methods. Particularly, this paper discusses the emerging topic of prognosis under incomplete big data and the possible opportunities in the future are highlighted. Through discussing the pros and cons of existing methods, we provide discussions on challenges and possible opportunities to steer the future development of prognostics for stochastic degrading systems under big data. While an exhaustive review on prognostics methods remains elusive, we hope that the perspectives and discussions in this paper can serve as a stimulus for new prognostics research in the era of big data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2268-2282"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139538526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of antibiotic-resistance genes in bacterial pathogens using a Cas12a/3D DNAzyme colorimetric paper sensor","authors":"Hua Gao ,&nbsp;Yanan Li ,&nbsp;Yaqiong Li ,&nbsp;Ke Qu ,&nbsp;Kaixiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinghong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid detection of antibiotic-resistant genes in bacterial pathogens is critical in combating global health crises. Herein, we report a CRISPR/Cas12a-based colorimetric paper sensor, where the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a was post-amplified by rolling circle replication, resulting in the generation of a 3D DNAzyme. The 3D DNAzyme adhered strongly to the paper surface, creating a highly bioactive paper sensor containing high densities of functional DNAzymes. This assay was effective for the rapid detection of the antibiotic-resistant gene, <em>NDM-1</em>, with high sensitivity. In the absence of the <em>NDM-1</em> gene, the 3D DNAzyme catalyzed a colorimetric reaction, resulting in a blue-colored signal while in the presence of <em>NDM-1</em>, collateral cleavage activity of Cas12a was activated, leading to cleavage of the circle template, thus preventing the generation of the 3D DNAzyme and producing no colorimetric signal. This paper sensor provides rapid and low-cost detection of antibiotic-resistant genes carried by various pathogenic microorganisms with femtomolar-level sensitivity and results that are visible to the naked eye. The entire analysis requires less than 90 minutes of assay time. Due to the highly programmable design of the CRISPR probe, the platform has significant potential for quick responses to new global epidemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2025-2033"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46901477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"O-GlcNAcylation of YTHDF2 antagonizes ERK-dependent phosphorylation and inhibits lung carcinoma","authors":"Jie Li ,&nbsp;Wen Zhou ,&nbsp;Jianzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Ma ,&nbsp;Zhuan Lv ,&nbsp;Yiqun Geng ,&nbsp;Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intracellular O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) glycosylation mediates many signal transduction events and regulates tumorigenesis. Previously the RNA N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) reader, YTH (YT521-B homology) domain 2 (YTHDF2), has been shown to be O-GlcNAcylated on Ser-263 during Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and promote HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein we mapped YTHDF2 O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-49 via electron-transfer dissociation mass spectrometry under unperturbed conditions. We show that YTHDF2 Thr-49 O-GlcNAcylation antagonizes Extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent phosphorylation at Ser-39 and promotes YTHDF2 degradation. The downstream signaling pathway of YTHDF2 in lung carcinoma is thus upregulated, which leads to the downregulation of c-Myc. We further used mouse xenograft models to show that YTHDF2-T49A mutants increased lung cancer mass and size. Our work reveals a key role of YTHDF2 O-GlcNAcylation in tumorigenesis and suggests that O-GlcNAcylation exerts distinct functions under different biological stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 2388-2396"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}