Fundamental Research最新文献_第10页

Unsupervised learning of interacting topological phases from experimental observables 基于实验观测的相互作用拓扑相位的无监督学习

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.12.016

{"title":"Unsupervised learning of interacting topological phases from experimental observables","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classifying topological phases of matter with strong interactions is a notoriously challenging task and has attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised machine learning approach that can classify a wide range of symmetry-protected interacting topological phases directly from the experimental observables and without a priori knowledge. We analytically show that Green’s functions, which can be derived from spectral functions that can be measured directly in an experiment, are suitable for serving as the input data for our learning proposal based on the diffusion map. As a concrete example, we consider a one-dimensional interacting topological insulators model and show that, through extensive numerical simulations, our diffusion map approach works as desired. In addition, we put forward a generic scheme to measure the spectral functions in ultracold atomic systems through momentum-resolved Raman spectroscopy. Our work circumvents the costly diagonalization of the system Hamiltonian, and provides a versatile protocol for the straightforward and autonomous identification of interacting topological phases from experimental observables in an unsupervised manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 5","pages":"Pages 1086-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42223489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large-scale heterogeneous synthesis of monodisperse high performance colloidal CsPbBr3 nanocrystals 单分散高性能胶体CsPbBr3纳米晶的大规模非均相合成

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.030

{"title":"Large-scale heterogeneous synthesis of monodisperse high performance colloidal CsPbBr3 nanocrystals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colloidal lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP NCs) are promising semiconductor materials for optoelectronic devices, but the high ionicity of LHP NCs makes their crystallization control and post-treatment difficult. Here, phosphonic acids (PAs) are employed as ligands to design a solid-liquid heterogeneous reaction system to regulate the LHP NC crystallization and achieve the desired focusing growth. During the heterogeneous synthesis, the precursors in the liquid phase are responsible for the burst nucleation and initial growth of NCs. Afterwards, the focusing growth of NCs is supported by the precursors released from the solid phase. In addition, the strong binding ability of PAs enables effective passivation of LHP NCs. Without post-treatment, gram-scale monodisperse CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> NCs having photoluminescence with a full width at half-maximum of 18 nm and a quantum yield of near-unity are obtained. The CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> NCs covered by a compact ligand layer keep initial quantum yield even after 18 cycles of purification, exhibiting excellent stability against polar solvents, ultraviolet irradiation and heat treatment. As scintillators, the prepared CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> NCs show strong radioluminescence emission and high-resolution X-ray imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 5","pages":"Pages 1137-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47504035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning methods to predict cadmium (Cd) concentration in rice grain and support soil management at a regional scale 用机器学习方法预测稻谷中的镉（Cd）浓度并支持区域范围内的土壤管理

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.016

{"title":"Machine learning methods to predict cadmium (Cd) concentration in rice grain and support soil management at a regional scale","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice is a major dietary source of the toxic metal cadmium (Cd). Concentration of Cd in rice grain varies widely at the regional scale, and it is challenging to predict grain Cd concentration using soil properties. The lack of reliable predictive models hampers management of contaminated soils. Here, we conducted a three-year survey of 601 pairs of soil and rice samples at a regional scale. Approximately 78.3% of the soil samples exceeded the soil screening values for Cd in China, and 53.9% of rice grain samples exceeded the Chinese maximum permissible limit for Cd. Predictive models were developed using multiple linear regression and machine learning methods. The correlations between rice grain Cd and soil total Cd concentrations were poor (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> < 0.17). Both linear regression and machine learning methods identified four key factors that significantly affect grain Cd concentrations, including Fe-Mn oxide bound Cd, soil pH, field soil moisture content, and the concentration of soil reducible Mn. The machine learning-based support vector machine model showed the best performance (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.87) in predicting grain Cd concentrations at a regional scale, followed by machine learning-based random forest model (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.67), and back propagation neural network model (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.64). Scenario simulations revealed that liming soil to a target pH of 6.5 could be one of the most cost-effective approaches to reduce the exceedance of Cd in rice grain. Taken together, these results show that machine learning methods can be used to predict Cd concentration in rice grain reliably at a regional scale and to support soil management and safe rice production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 5","pages":"Pages 1196-1205"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54681194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards in vivo photoacoustic human imaging: Shining a new light on clinical diagnostics 走向体内光声人体成像：为临床诊断提供新的视角

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.01.008

{"title":"Towards in vivo photoacoustic human imaging: Shining a new light on clinical diagnostics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiscale visualization of human anatomical structures is revolutionizing clinical diagnosis and treatment. As one of the most promising clinical diagnostic techniques, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), or optoacoustic imaging, bridges the spatial-resolution gap between pure optical and ultrasonic imaging techniques, by the modes of optical illumination and acoustic detection. PAI can non-invasively capture multiple optical contrasts from the endogenous agents such as oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin, lipid and melanin or a variety of exogenous specific biomarkers to reveal anatomy, function, and molecular for biological tissues <em>in vivo</em>, showing significant potential in clinical diagnostics. In 2001, the worldwide first clinical prototype of the photoacoustic system was used to screen breast cancer <em>in vivo</em>, which opened the prelude to photoacoustic clinical diagnostics. Over the past two decades, PAI has achieved monumental discoveries and applications in human imaging. Progress towards preclinical/clinical applications includes breast, skin, lymphatics, bowel, thyroid, ovarian, prostate, and brain imaging, etc., and there is no doubt that PAI is opening new avenues to realize early diagnosis and precise treatment of human diseases. In this review, the breakthrough researches and key applications of photoacoustic human imaging <em>in vivo</em> are emphatically summarized, which demonstrates the technical superiorities and emerging applications of photoacoustic human imaging in clinical diagnostics, providing clinical translational orientations for the photoacoustic community and clinicians. The perspectives on potential improvements of photoacoustic human imaging are finally highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 5","pages":"Pages 1314-1330"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49569101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The coordinated impact of forest internal structural complexity and tree species diversity on forest productivity across forest biomes 森林内部结构复杂性和树种多样性对森林生产力的协调影响

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.005

{"title":"The coordinated impact of forest internal structural complexity and tree species diversity on forest productivity across forest biomes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest structural complexity can mediate the light and water distribution within forest canopies, and has a direct impact on forest biodiversity and carbon storage capability. It is believed that increases in forest structural complexity can enhance tree species diversity and forest productivity, but inconsistent relationships among them have been reported. Here, we quantified forest structural complexity in three aspects (i.e., horizontal, vertical, and internal structural complexity) from unmanned aerial vehicle light detection and ranging data, and investigated their correlations with tree species diversity and forest productivity by incorporating field measurements in three forest biomes with large latitude gradients in China. Our results show that internal structural complexity had a stronger correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.85) with tree species richness than horizontal structural complexity (correlation coefficient = -0.16) and vertical structural complexity (correlation coefficient = 0.61), and it was the only forest structural complexity attribute having significant correlations with both tree species richness and tree species evenness. A strong scale effect was observed in the correlations among forest structural complexity, tree species diversity, and forest productivity. Moreover, forest internal structural complexity had a tight positive coordinated contribution with tree species diversity to forest productivity through structure equation model analysis, while horizontal and vertical structural complexity attributes have insignificant or weaker coordinated effects than internal structural complexity, which indicated that the neglect of forest internal structural complexity might partially lead to the current inconsistent observations among forest structural complexity, tree species diversity, and forest productivity. The results of this study can provide a new angle to understand the observed inconsistent correlations among forest structural complexity, tree species diversity, and forest productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 5","pages":"Pages 1185-1195"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46014091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of intelligent technology in the development of urban air mobility systems: A technical perspective 智能技术在城市空中交通系统发展中的作用：技术视角

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.08.006

引用次数: 0

Can software-defined vehicles never roll over: A perspective of active structural transformation 软件定义的车辆能否永不翻车：主动结构转型的视角

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.024

Bowei Zhang , Jin Huang , Jianping Wang , Yanzhao Su , Jiaxing Li , Xiangyu Wang , Ye-Hwa Chen , Yuhai Wang , Zhihua Zhong

{"title":"Can software-defined vehicles never roll over: A perspective of active structural transformation","authors":"Bowei Zhang , Jin Huang , Jianping Wang , Yanzhao Su , Jiaxing Li , Xiangyu Wang , Ye-Hwa Chen , Yuhai Wang , Zhihua Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The revolution of physical structure is highly significant for future software defined vehicles (SDV). Active structural transformation is a promising feature of the next generation of vehicle physical structure. It can enhance the dynamic performance of vehicles, thus providing safer and more comfortable ride experiences, such as the ability to avoid rollover in critical situations. Based on the active structural transformation technology, this study proposes a novel approach to improve the dynamic performance of a vehicle. The first analytical motion model of a vehicle with active structural transformation capability is established. Then, a multi-objective optimization problem with the adjustable parameters as design variables is abstracted and solved with an innovative scenario specific optimization method. Simulation results under different driving scenarios revealed that the active transformable vehicle applying the proposed method could significantly improve the handling stability without sacrificing the ride comfort, compared with a conventional vehicle with a fixed structure. The proposed method pipeline is defined by the software and supported by the hardware. It fully embodies the characteristics of SDV, and inspires the improvement of multiple types of vehicle performance based on the concept of “being defined by software” and the revolution of the physical structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 5","pages":"Pages 1063-1071"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Allergenic risk assessment of porcine myoglobin expressed by engineered Komagataella Phaffii 猪肌红蛋白的过敏风险评估

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.11.017

引用次数: 0

Double safety guarantees: Food-grade photothermal complex with a pH-triggered NIR absorption from zero to one 双重安全保证：食品级光热复合物，pH值触发近红外吸收从零到一

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.004

{"title":"Double safety guarantees: Food-grade photothermal complex with a pH-triggered NIR absorption from zero to one","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photothermal therapy has aroused great attention and showed promising potential in minimally invasive tumor ablation, but the clinical translation is still stifled by the concerns of unwanted injury to normal tissues. The safety concerns might be completely solved only when the two security obstacles of “material-toxicity” and “photo-toxicity” were overcome simultaneously. Herein, a completely non-toxic food-grade photothermal transduction agent (PTA) with double safety guarantees was invented, which shows an absolute transformation of the photothermal effect from “0” to “1” after being triggered by an acidic tumor microenvironment. Inspired by the classical starch-iodine test, a preprogrammed [starch-KI-KIO<sub>3</sub>] complex was prepared in large quantities through a modified wet-milling procedure. It's demonstrated that a macroscopic consecutive reaction could be triggered by low pH to produce the starch-iodine complex which can generate lethal temperature under the near-infrared light irradiation. Meanwhile, the PTA shows excellent biocompatibility with no “material-toxicity” owing to the raw materials drawn from our daily food. Animal experiments reveal that the tumor microenvironment can activate the switch of photothermal effect from “0” to “1” successfully, which is thus responsible for the discriminative photo-damage to the tumor region while no “photo-toxicity” to normal tissue. The good treatment efficacy confirms the feasibility of such photothermal transduction agents with double safety guarantees in clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 5","pages":"Pages 1157-1166"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43359841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Event-triggered neuroadaptive predefined practical finite-time control for dynamic positioning vessels: A time-based generator approach 动态定位血管的事件触发神经自适应预定义实用有限时间控制：一种基于时间的生成器方法

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.013

引用次数: 0