Plant-derived nanovesicles: Promising therapeutics and drug delivery nanoplatforms for brain disorders

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊 Q1 Multidisciplinary

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.fmre.2023.09.007

Ruoning Wang , Yingjie Zhang , Yumiao Guo , Wei Zeng , Jinge Li , Jie Wu , Nengjin Li , Anran Zhu , Jiale Li , Liuqing Di , Peng Cao

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Abstract

Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs), including plant extracellular vesicles (EVs) and plant exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNs), are natural nano-sized membranous vesicles containing bioactive molecules. PDNVs consist of a bilayer of lipids that can effectively encapsulate hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, improving drug stability and solubility as well as providing increased bioavailability, reduced systemic toxicity, and enhanced target accumulation. Bioengineering strategies can also be exploited to modify the PDNVs to achieve precise targeting, controlled drug release, and massive production. Meanwhile, they are capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to transport the cargo to the lesion sites without harboring human pathogens, making them excellent therapeutic agents and drug delivery nanoplatform candidates for brain diseases. Herein, this article provides an initial exposition on the fundamental characteristics of PDNVs, including biogenesis, uptake process, isolation, purification, characterization methods, and source. Additionally, it sheds light on the investigation of PDNVs’ utilization in brain diseases while also presenting novel perspectives on the obstacles and clinical advancements associated with PDNVs.

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